On-Farm Residue Removal Study for Resilient Economic Agricultural Practices in Morris, Minnesota Interest in harvesting crop residues for energy has waxed and waned since the oil embargo of 1973. Since the at least the late 1990’s interest has been renewed due to concern of peak oil, highly volatile natural gas prices, replacing fossil fuel with renewable sources and a push for energy independence. The studies conducted on harvesting crop residues during the 1970’s and1980’s focused primarily on erosion risk and nutrient removal as a result early estimates of residue availability focused on erosion control (Perlack et al., 2005). More recently, the focus has expanded to also address harvest impacts on soil organic matter and other constraints (Wilhelm et al., 2007; Wilhelm et al., 2010). In West Central Minnesota, crop residues have been proposed a replacement for natural gas (Archer and Johnson, 2012) while nationally residues are also be considered for cellulosic ethanol production (US DOE, 2011). The objective of the on-farm study was to assess the impact of residue harvest on working farms with different management systems and soils. Indicators of erosion risk, soil organic matter, and crop productivity is response to grain plus cob, or grain plus stover compared to grain only harvest. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: GeoData catalog record. File Name: Web Page, url: https://geodata.nal.usda.gov/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/fe5f312c-e9ad-4485-b5f9-7897f5bcd9f6

This dataset provides agricultural lands soil property data for US Counties within the contiguous US. Variable include with this dataset include: high and low soil bulk density (g C/cm3 soil), high and low clay content (fraction), high and low soil organic carbon (g C/g soil), and soil pH.

Our source for the Soil organic carbon (SOC), clay content, and bulk density data was the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [Imhoff JC, Carsel RF, Kittle JR, Hummel PR (1990) Data base analyzer and parameter estimator (DBAPE) interactive computer program user's manual. EPA/600/3-89/083, USEPA Environ. Res. Lab. Athens, GA 30613-7799]. They worked from a database developed by the Soil Conservation Service (now Natural Resource Conservation Service) [USDA Soil Conservation Service (1985) User manual for interactive soils databases: nation soil survey area database, soil interpretations record database, and plant name database. USDA SCS, Fort Collins, CO]. To find this and similar data now, visit the National Soils Data Access Facility web site: http://soils.usda.gov/

Our source for the pH data was the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Digital Soil Map of the World and Derived Soil Properties, Version 3.5, Nov. 1995, original scale 1:5 000 000). See [ http://www.fao.org/ ] for general FAO information and see [ http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/index.stm ] for details on the soils data. We printed a pH map for the US, overlaid a state boundaries map, and then read off values for each region of each state. The coarse resolution of the map meant that most counties (and even many states) had only a single pH value.

High and low values are reported for each county, and represent the range in a particular soil property found in the county. Many counties have only a single value and it is reported as both the high and the low value. Values are from the database surface soil layer (defined as either 'the plow layer' or 'the A, E, Ab, and EB horizons of the solum'). Values are based only on soils for agricultural lands in the county, not all soils.

EOS-WEBSTER provides seven datasets which provide county-level data on agricultural management, crop production, livestock, soil properties, geography and population. These datasets were assembled during the mid-1990's to provide driving variables for an assessment of greenhouse gas production from US agriculture using the DNDC agro-ecosystem model [see, for example, Li et al. (1992), J. Geophys. Res., 97:9759-9776; Li et al. (1996) Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10:297-306]. The data (except nitrogen fertilizer use) were all derived from publicly available, national databases. Each dataset has a separate DIF.

The US County data has been divided into seven datasets.

US County Data Datasets:

1) Agricultural Management 2) Crop Data (NASS Crop data) 3) Crop Summary (NASS Crop data) 4) Geography and Population 5) Land Use 6) Livestock Populations 7) Soil Properties

Farmland information was obtained from the Farmland Mapping & Monitoring Program (FMMP) in the Division of Land Resource Protection in the California Department of Conservation. Established in 1982, the FMMP is to provide consistent and impartial data and analysis of agricultural land use and land use changes throughout the State of California. The study area is in accordance to the soil survey developed by NRCS (National Resources Conservation Service) in the United States Department of Agriculture. Important Farmland Map is biennially updated based on a computer mapping system, aerial imagery, public review, and field interpretation. NOTES: This data was reviewed by local jurisdictions and reflects each jurisdiction's input received during the SCAG's 2020 RTP/SCS Local Input and Envisioning Process.The updated Farmland categories are contained in 'polygon_ty' field. For more information, refer to the website at http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/fmmp/Pages/Index.aspx.PRIME FARMLAND (P)Farmland with the best combination of physical and chemical features able to sustain long term agricultural production. This land has the soil quality, growing season, and moisture supply needed to produce sustained high yields. Land must have been used for irrigated agricultural production at some time during the four years prior to the mapping date.FARMLAND OF STATEWIDE IMPORTANCE (S)Farmland similar to Prime Farmland but with minor shortcomings, such as greater slopes or less ability to store soil moisture. Land must have been used for irrigated agricultural production at some time during the four years prior to the mapping date.UNIQUE FARMLAND (U)Farmland of lesser quality soils used for the production of the state's leading agricultural crops. This land is usually irrigated, but may include non-irrigated orchards or vineyards as found in some climatic zones in California. Land must have been cropped at some time during the four years prior to the mapping date.FARMLAND OF LOCAL IMPORTANCE (L) Land of importance to the local agricultural economy as determined by each county's board of supervisors and a local advisory committee. GRAZING LAND (G)Land on which the existing vegetation is suited to the grazing of livestock. This category was developed in cooperation with the California Cattlemen's Association, University of California Cooperative Extension, and other groups interested in the extent of grazing activities. The minimum mapping unit for Grazing Land is 40 acres.URBAN AND BUILT-UP LAND (D)Land occupied by structures with a building density of at least 1 unit to 1.5 acres, or approximately 6 structures to a 10-acre parcel. This land is used for residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, public administrative purposes, railroad and other transportation yards, cemeteries, airports, golf courses, sanitary landfills, sewage treatment, water control structures, and other developed purposes.OTHER LAND (X)Land not included in any other mapping category. Common examples include low density rural developments; brush, timber, wetland, and riparian areas not suitable for livestock grazing; confined livestock, poultry or aquaculture facilities; strip mines, borrow pits; and water bodies smaller than 40 acres. Vacant and nonagricultural land surrounded on all sides by urban development and greater than 40 acres is mapped as Other Land.The Rural Land Mapping Project provides more detail on the distribution of various land uses within the Other Land category. The Rural Land categories include:Rural Residential Land (R), Semi-Agricultural and Rural Commercial Land (sAC), Vacant or Disturbed Land (V), Confined Animal Agriculture (Cl), and Nonagricultural or Natural Vegetation (nv).WATER (W)Perennial water bodies with an extent of at least 40 acres.NOT SURVEYED (Z)Large government land holdings, including National Parks, Forests, and Bureau of Land Management holdings are not included in FMMP’s survey area.

The North America Agricultural Films Market report segments the industry into Type (Low-Density Polyethylene, Linear Low-Density Polyethylene, High-Density Polyethylene, Ethyl Vinyl Acetate (EVA)/Ethylene Butyl Acrylate (EBA), Reclaims, Other Films), Application (Greenhouse, Silage, Mulching), and Geography (North America, United States, Canada, Mexico, Rest of North America).

Annual crop data from 1972 to 1998 are now available on EOS-WEBSTER. These data are county-based acreage, production, and yield estimates published by the National Agricultural Statistics Service. We also provide county level livestock, geography, agricultural management, and soil properties derived from datasets from the early 1990s.

 The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), the statistical
 arm of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, publishes U.S., state, and
 county level agricultural statistics for many commodities and data
 series. In response to our users requests, EOS-WEBSTER now provides 27
 years of crop statistics, which can be subset temporally and/or
 spatially. All data are at the county scale, and are only for the
 conterminous US (48 states + DC). There are 3111 counties in the
 database. The list includes 43 cities that are classified as
 counties: Baltimore City, MD; St. Louis City, MO; and 41 cities in
 Virginia.

 In addition, a collection of livestock, geography, agricultural
 practices, and soil properties variables for 1992 is available through
 EOS-WEBSTER. These datasets were assembled during the mid-1990's to
 provide driving variables for an assessment of greenhouse gas
 production from US agriculture using the DNDC agro-ecosystem model
 [see, for example, Li et al. (1992), J. Geophys. Res., 97:9759-9776;
 Li et al. (1996) Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10:297-306]. The data
 (except nitrogen fertilizer use) were all derived from publicly
 available, national databases. Each dataset has a separate DIF.

 The US County data has been divided into seven datasets.

 US County Data Datasets:

 1) Agricultural Management
 2) Crop Data (NASS Crop data)
 3) Crop Summary (NASS Crop data)
 4) Geography and Population
 5) Land Use
 6) Livestock Populations
 7) Soil Properties

This dataset contains paired measurements of weed biomass and/or weed density taken in a control corn/soybean rotation and the same rotation with a winter cover crop. The data was pulled from 15 published studies that took place within one of the 12 top corn-producing states in the US, which make up the Midwestern Corn Belt.

The agricultural area in Mexico amounted to ***** million hectares in 2021, a value similar to the one reported a year earlier. Between 2001 and 2021, the agricultural area decreased by almost nine percent. That year, Mexico's arable land reached over ** million hectares. About 95 percent of that land is for permanent crops. Crop production Mexico is home to a diverse range of crops that are cultivated in its different regions and climates. Some staples include grains and fruits, as well as fodder and other industrial crops. The country is the third-largest agricultural producer in Latin America and the Caribbean, and it is the leading producer and exporter of avocados in the region. Agricultural exports As with other Latin American countries, exports are an important aspect of Mexico's agricultural sector. Some of the leading agricultural products exported from Mexico are berries, avocados, and tomatoes. In fact, Mexico is the largest exporter of avocados worldwide. Mexico's most important trade partner when it comes to agricultural products is the United States.

The global agriculture and livestock baler market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for efficient hay and silage production. The rising global population necessitates higher agricultural output, fueling the need for mechanized harvesting and baling solutions. Technological advancements, such as the development of larger capacity balers with improved features like automated bale tying and density control, are enhancing efficiency and reducing labor costs. The market is segmented by baler type (round and square) and application (agriculture and livestock industry), with round balers currently dominating due to their versatility and suitability for various crop types and farm sizes. Square balers are preferred where high-density bales are crucial for storage and transportation. Key players such as John Deere, Krone, and Vermeer are investing in R&D to offer technologically advanced balers equipped with precision farming technologies, further driving market expansion. While factors like fluctuating raw material prices and stringent emission regulations can pose challenges, the overall market outlook remains positive. The increasing adoption of precision agriculture techniques, coupled with government initiatives promoting mechanization in farming, is anticipated to fuel significant growth in the coming years. Regional variations exist, with North America and Europe currently leading the market due to higher mechanization levels and established agricultural practices. However, developing economies in Asia-Pacific are showing significant growth potential due to rising agricultural output and increasing government support for agricultural modernization. The forecast period of 2025-2033 is expected to witness a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) that is positively influenced by the factors mentioned above. To illustrate, let's assume a conservative CAGR of 5% based on industry trends and the inherent growth potential of the agricultural sector. This translates to a steady increase in market size year-on-year, with significant opportunities for both established and emerging players. The market segmentation by type and application will remain pivotal, driving strategic decisions for manufacturers and influencing future product development. Further expansion is anticipated in emerging markets as adoption of modern farming practices increases and investment in agricultural infrastructure expands. The continued emphasis on sustainable agricultural practices will also influence technological advancements within the baler industry, pushing towards greater efficiency and reduced environmental impact.

The debate over the best agricultural practices for biological conservation often focuses on the degree to which agricultural lands should be interspersed with desirable habitats versus protecting lands entirely from production. It is important to understand the benefits agriculture provides for wildlife because it is consuming an increasing proportion of the landscape. We evaluated the nesting ecology of breeding ducks within a mosaic of flood-irrigated conservation areas and agricultural lands in hay production. We assessed how habitat features at two spatial scales across these lands were related to nest site selection, nest density, and nest survival of multiple duck species. Birds selected nest sites with higher visual obstruction, a higher proportion of shrubs around the nest, and less bare ground, but we did not detect evidence of selection per se at larger spatial scales. Nest density was marginally higher along linear features, including irrigation ditches and riparian stretches, but nest survival remained similar across land-use types and habitat features. This system is representative of many agricultural landscapes around the globe and highlights the ways agroecosystems can be managed to maintain habitat suitability for wildlife on working lands. Methods Study System We studied a system of flood-irrigated basins in north-central Colorado, USA, to evaluate duck reproductive success across agricultural working lands (Figure 1). The North Platte Basin (hereafter North Park) is a high-elevation (2500 m on average) intermountain basin characterized by sagebrush (Artemesia spp.) steppe and riparian corridors used as sources of water to flood irrigate hay meadows (by diverting water into irrigation ditches). The Intermountain West of North America spans 11 states and is comprised of many of these high-elevation basins associated with river and groundwater-fed wetlands. While many are still associated with flood irrigation, some have predominantly transitioned to sprinkler-based irrigation systems to use water more efficiently (e.g., the San Luis Valley of Colorado). Agricultural production is typically comprised of large cattle ranches that also actively produce high-quality, flood-irrigated hay that is harvested each year. In North Park, harvested meadows consist primarily of Timothy hay (Phleum pretense), and are flooded in May, dried anywhere from July to August, and then harvested from July to September. Because of the short growing season, a single cut of hay each year is typical. The system also has public land parcels along riparian areas that are spared the annual harvest of typical agricultural operations, primarily Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). This NWR was created in 1967 to benefit migratory and breeding ducks as mitigation for the conversion of high-quality duck breeding habitat in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America to high-intensity agriculture production in the 1960s and 1970s (Doherty et al. 2018). The NWR flood-irrigates wet meadows that are not cut, and that typically exhibit more diverse vegetation communities than Timothy hay meadows, including forbs, sedges, rushes, and grasses interspersed by small areas of greasewood shrubs (Sarcobatus vermiculatus) and sagebrush. In addition to the NWR, there are also state wildlife areas (SWAs) on which managers flood irrigate to create wetland habitat, as well as waterfowl management areas (WMAs) managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) specifically for breeding ducks. Wetland habitats on the parcels of public land included in the study are comprised of large water storage reservoirs with variable amounts of submerged aquatic vegetation, basin wetlands with rings of emergent vegetation, and irrigated meadows consisting of graminoids and occasionally robust emergent vegetation (e.g., cattails [Typha spp.] and bulrush [Scirpus spp.]). Data Collection and Processing We searched systematically for duck nests from 20 April until 1 August 2018-2023. Study sites included five private ranches on which agricultural production was predominantly focused on cattle and hay. Additionally, we included Arapaho NWR, Lake John SWA, and Hebron WMA, which are multi-use parcels of public land spared from extractive agricultural production but subject to light cattle grazing. We searched randomly selected nest plots across land-use types in addition to searching opportunistically between plots. After overlaying a grid with 8-ha grid cells on the wet meadows of Arapaho NWR using a geographic information system (GIS; Esri ArcGIS Pro 2.8.0), we randomly selected 16 square plots to sample portions of the large expanses of the irrigated meadow. However, plots on private lands followed the natural boundaries of hay meadows, which were often smaller and more easily definable (Figure 2). As a result, plots on private land varied in size and number, but we still delineated them based on landscape features in a GIS and randomly selected a subset to search each year. Access to ranches also varied across years, which altered the number of plots we could search. The number of plots we searched on private ranches varied from five during a pilot year to 131, and plots ranged in size from 0.14-35.83 ha, averaging 6.44 ha. Additionally, we randomly selected 500-m length sections of riparian areas (n=40) and irrigation ditches (n=25) across the study area, searching within a 200-m buffer of the edges, and systematically searched the perimeter of all basin wetlands out to a radius of 200 m. We display an example ranch in Figure 2, which shows the layout of selected plots of several wetland habitats. We report the total area (ha) of each habitat type in the study area in Table 1 alongside the area of each habitat in our sampling frame, including land associated with accessible ranches and focal parcels of public land. Finally, we report the area within that sampling frame that we searched annually to illustrate which habitats were represented in our search plots relative to the area available. We searched plots 1-5 times per year and used a combination of rope drags (on foot; Higgins et al. 1969) and systematic foot searches to flush laying and incubating hens off of the nests, marking the location with a global positioning system (GPS) device. We recorded search effort each year (date searched and the number of people searching a plot) and used a GIS framework to compute the area in ha of each plot, whether the plot contained or its centroid was within < 200 m of a basin wetland, and the composition of rasterized habitat classes within each plot based on the 2021 National Land Cover Database (NLCD) layer. We identified the species incubating each nest as the hen flushed and used the size and color of the eggs to verify the identification. We candled several eggs in each nest to calculate the nest initiation date by backdating from the date the nest was located based on the embryonic stage of development and the number of eggs in the nest (Klett et al. 1986). As incubating hens typically cover their eggs with down feathers upon leaving the nest, we also covered eggs after each nest visit and placed two pieces of grass across the top of the nest in an “x” shape to determine whether the hen returned to the nest or abandoned after disturbance. We monitored each nest approximately every five to seven days, noting its incubation status, hen presence or absence, full clutch size, and ultimately nest fate. Regardless of whether a nest failed (i.e., all eggs were eaten by a predator or abandoned by the hen) or was successful (i.e., at least one egg hatched), we conducted vegetation surveys on the estimated or actual hatch date (McConnell et al. 2017). We calculated the hatch date based on the stage of embryonic development of the eggs during each nest visit and the average incubation time for each species. For successful nests, we conducted surveys the day after ducklings left the nest. Vegetation surveys occurred at the nest bowl and at four randomly selected points within a 200-m radius of the nest bowl to evaluate fine-scale (i.e., third-order; Johnson 1980, Eichholz and Elmberg 2014, Kaminski and Elmberg 2014) metrics of habitat selection. Surveys included visual estimation of percent cover within a 1-m Daubenmire frame (Daubenmire 1959). We estimated the percent cover of bare ground, litter (dead vegetation from the previous growing season), water, grasses, forbs, shrubs, sedges, and rushes, and we allowed the total percent cover to sum to more than 100% because the vegetation was often layered vertically. We also assigned each nest to a categorical habitat type at the time of measurement and measured visual obstruction by noting the lowest decimeter visible on a 1-m Robel pole from each cardinal direction and averaged the four values (Robel et al. 1970). Habitat types were classified based on the dominant vegetation within 200 m of the nest and included riparian, shrub-scrub, emergent marsh (dominated by robust vegetation like cattails), graminoid meadow, graminoid meadow interspersed by shrubs, Timothy hay meadow, and irrigation ditch, which was used when a nest was within 3 m of the inner channel of an irrigation ditch. We separated graminoid meadows from graminoid meadows interspersed with shrubs because shrubs may provide perches for avian predators from which duck nests may be more easily located (Thompson et al. 2012, Coates et al. 2021, Peterson et al. 2022). We measured broad-scale habitat characteristics using a GIS to evaluate the drivers of nest site selection at a larger scale. We created ~10000 random points across the study area (i.e., within the sampling frame indicated by the delineated boundaries in Figure 1) in all habitats where we consistently searched for nests. We calculated the distance of each random point and nest site to the nearest irrigation ditch, river, open water (i.e., ponds, marshes, or reservoirs), road, harvested hay meadow,

Soil Treatment Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global soil treatment market size reached USD 47.8 billion in 2024, demonstrating robust growth driven by increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices and land reclamation initiatives. The market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 6.2% during the forecast period, reaching a value of USD 81.9 billion by 2033. This growth is propelled by the rising emphasis on improving soil fertility, combating soil degradation, and meeting the food security demands of a growing global population. The adoption of advanced soil treatment technologies and the integration of organic and inorganic amendments are further catalyzing the market’s upward trajectory.

One of the primary growth factors for the soil treatment market is the increasing prevalence of soil degradation worldwide. Unsustainable farming practices, excessive use of chemical fertilizers, deforestation, and industrial contamination have significantly depleted soil health, leading to reduced agricultural productivity. As a result, farmers, agronomists, and policymakers are increasingly turning towards soil treatment solutions to restore soil vitality, enhance nutrient availability, and promote sustainable crop yields. The integration of organic amendments, such as compost and biochar, alongside advanced biological and chemical technologies, is gaining traction as stakeholders recognize the long-term economic and environmental benefits of rehabilitating degraded soils.

Another key driver is the global shift towards sustainable agriculture and organic farming. With consumers becoming more conscious of food safety and environmental impact, there is a growing demand for organic produce, which necessitates healthier soils. Soil treatment products, including organic amendments and biological enhancers, are being widely adopted to reduce dependency on synthetic agrochemicals and promote soil biodiversity. Governments and international organizations are supporting this transition through subsidies, awareness campaigns, and regulatory frameworks that encourage the use of eco-friendly soil treatment methods. This trend is particularly pronounced in developed regions, but is also gaining momentum in emerging economies as they seek to modernize their agricultural sectors.

Technological advancements are also playing a pivotal role in shaping the soil treatment market. Innovations in biological and mechanical/physical soil treatment technologies are enabling more efficient and targeted remediation of contaminated or unproductive soils. Companies are investing in research and development to create products that offer higher efficacy, ease of application, and compatibility with precision agriculture systems. These advancements are not only improving the cost-effectiveness of soil treatment solutions but also expanding their applicability beyond traditional agriculture to sectors such as construction and landscaping, where soil stabilization and improvement are critical.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific continues to lead the global soil treatment market, accounting for the largest market share in 2024. This dominance is attributed to the region’s vast agricultural sector, high population density, and increasing government initiatives aimed at improving food security and land productivity. North America and Europe also represent significant markets, driven by advanced farming practices, stringent environmental regulations, and a strong focus on sustainable land management. Meanwhile, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are emerging as high-growth regions due to expanding agricultural activities and rising awareness about soil health. Each region presents unique opportunities and challenges, shaping the competitive dynamics and innovation landscape within the soil treatment industry.

Product Type Analysis

The soil treatment market is broadly segmented by product type, encompassing organic amendments, inorganic amendments, soil conditioners, pH adjuster

Ecological models facilitate evaluation and assessment of alternative approaches to restore the Greater Everglades ecosystem. The models of particular interest to the South Florida Water Management District for planning for the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) Reservoir were: (1) Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow Marl Prairie Indicator, (2) Florida apple snail (native) population model (EverSnail), (3) Wader Distribution Evaluation Modeling (WADEM), (4) Small-sized freshwater fish density, and (5) American alligator production probability (i.e., habitat suitability index (HSI)). We ran these models using hydrologic conditions (provided by the South Florida Water Management District, see Process Steps section below) for baseline and future conditions for the EAR.

The global agriculture and livestock baler market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for efficient hay and forage harvesting solutions. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $2.5 billion, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors, including rising global agricultural production to meet the growing population's food demands, increasing mechanization in farming practices, and a shift towards large-scale farming operations. Technological advancements in baler design, such as improved bale density and automated bale handling systems, are further enhancing market attractiveness. The market is segmented by baler type (round and square), application (agriculture and livestock), and geography, with North America and Europe currently holding significant market shares. However, factors such as fluctuating raw material prices, stringent environmental regulations concerning emissions from agricultural machinery, and the high initial investment costs associated with baler acquisition can pose challenges to market expansion. Despite these restraints, the market is expected to maintain a steady growth trajectory, driven by the continued demand for efficient and technologically advanced baling solutions. The increasing adoption of precision farming techniques and the growing focus on sustainable agricultural practices will further shape market dynamics in the coming years. Key players like John Deere, Krone, and Claas are actively engaged in product innovation and strategic partnerships to consolidate their market presence. The focus on developing fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly balers will likely gain significant traction as sustainability concerns rise. This comprehensive report provides a detailed analysis of the global agriculture and livestock baler market, projecting a market value exceeding $5 billion by 2030. It delves into market segmentation, key players, emerging trends, and growth catalysts, offering invaluable insights for industry stakeholders. The report utilizes rigorous data analysis and industry expertise to provide accurate estimations and forecasts, making it an essential resource for businesses seeking to navigate this dynamic market. Keywords: Round Baler, Square Baler, Hay Baler, Agricultural Machinery, Livestock Equipment, Farming Equipment, Baler Market, John Deere, Claas, Krone, Vermeer.

South America Agricultural Films Market size was valued at USD 618 Million in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 1028 Million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 6.5% from 2024 to 2031.

South America Agricultural Films Market Drivers

Focus on Increasing Agricultural Productivity: To meet the growing demand for food, farmers are increasingly adopting modern agricultural practices, including the use of agricultural films to enhance crop yields and protect crops from environmental factors.

Technological Advancements: Advances in film technology, such as the development of multi-layer films with improved light transmission, UV resistance, and thermal properties, are enhancing the performance and efficiency of agricultural films.

Government Support and Subsidies: Governments in many South American countries are promoting the adoption of modern agricultural technologies, including the use of agricultural films, through various subsidies and incentive programs.

Increasing Awareness of Sustainable Agriculture: Growing environmental concerns are driving the demand for sustainable agricultural practices. Agricultural films can contribute to sustainable agriculture by improving water use efficiency, reducing the use of pesticides, and enhancing crop yields.

This data set consists of 83 digital maps that were produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) for the World Bank as part of a Global Farming Systems Study. The maps are distributed through the FAO-UN GeoNetwork Portal to Spatial Data and Information.

As part of the World Bank's review of its rural development strategy, the Bank sought the assistance of FAO in evaluating how farming systems might change and adapt over the next thirty years. Amongst other objectives, the World Bank asked FAO to provide guidance on priorities for investment in food security, poverty reduction, and economic growth, and in particular to identify promising approaches and technologies that will contribute to these goals. The results of the study are summarized in a set of seven documents, comprising six regional reports and a global overview. The global overview, which synthesizes the results of the six regional analyses as well as discussing global trends, cross-cutting issues and possible implementation modalities, presents an overview of the complete study. The global document is supplemented by two case study reports of development issues of importance to farming systems globally.

The six regions studied include:

East Asia Pacific East Europe and Central Asia Latin America and Caribbean Middle East and North Africa South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa

Map coverages for each region include the following:

Average precipitation Average temperature Elevation Irrigation intensity Land cover Length of growing period Livestock stocking density Major environmental constraints Major farming systems NOAA Satellite imagery (shaded relief imagery and ocean floor bathymetry) Permanent crop and arable land Rural population Slope Total population

The map coverages were prepared by FAO based on the following data sources:

Doll, P. and Siebert, S. 1999. A Digital Global Map of Irrigated Areas, Report No A9901, Centre for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.

Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) Data and Maps 1999, Volume 1. World Worldsat Color Shaded Relief Image. Based on 1996 NOAA weather satellite images, with enhanced shaded relief imagery and ocean floor relief data (bathymetry) to provide a land and undersea topographic view. ESRI, Redlands, California, USA.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Land and Water Development Division (AGL) with the collaboration of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). 2000. Global Agro-Ecological Zones Study. FAO, Rome, Italy.

Gomes, R. 1999. Major Environmental Constraints for Agricultural Production Project. Based on FAOCLIM database, ARTEMIS NDVI imagery, and soil and terrain data provided by Soil Resources Management and Conservation Service. FAO-GIS. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Environment and Natural Resources Service, Rome, Italy.

Leemans, R. and Cramer, W. 1991. The IIASA Database for Mean Monthly Values of Temperature, Precipitation and Cloudiness on a Global Terrestrial Grid. Research Report RR-91-18. November 1991. International Institute of Applied Systems Analyses, Laxenburg, pp. 61.

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, LandScan Global Population 1998 Database. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.

Slingenbergh, J. Livestock Distribution, Production and Diseases: Towards a Global Livestock Atlas. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), AGAH, Rome, Italy. (aka Global Livestock Production and Health Atlas (GLiPHA))

U.S. Geological Survey, EROS Data Center. 1996. GTOPO30 Digital Data Set. EDC, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.

The global fixed chamber round baler market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing demand for efficient hay and silage harvesting solutions in the agriculture sector. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $1.5 billion, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several factors including the rising global population and the consequent need for increased food production, leading farmers to adopt mechanized harvesting techniques for improved efficiency and reduced labor costs. Furthermore, advancements in baler technology, such as improved bale density and automated features, are enhancing productivity and attracting investment. The preference for large round balers over smaller ones is also contributing to the market expansion, particularly in large-scale farming operations. Key players like John Deere, Kuhn, and CNH Industrial are driving innovation and competition within the market, further stimulating growth. Market segmentation reveals a strong preference for applications involving silage and dry hay, which account for a significant portion of overall demand. While North America and Europe currently hold the largest market shares, the Asia-Pacific region is poised for significant growth due to increasing agricultural mechanization and expanding farming practices. However, market growth faces some restraints, including the high initial investment costs associated with purchasing these machines and fluctuations in raw material prices for baler components. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for the fixed chamber round baler market remains positive, driven by continuous technological advancements, evolving agricultural practices, and the enduring need for efficient forage harvesting worldwide. Fixed Chamber Round Baler Market Report: A Comprehensive Analysis This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the global fixed chamber round baler market, projecting a market value exceeding $2.5 billion by 2030. It meticulously examines market dynamics, key players, emerging trends, and growth catalysts, offering invaluable insights for stakeholders across the agricultural machinery sector. The report leverages extensive primary and secondary research to deliver a precise and actionable analysis of this vital segment of the agricultural equipment industry.

S is a probability of cultivation based on a series of environmental conditions on a global scale. Here, S is created to compare settlement locations throughout Utah to explain initial Euro-American settlement of the region. S is one of two proxies created specifically for Utah for comparison of environmental productivity throughout the state. The data are presented as a raster file where any one pixel represents the probability of cultivation from zero to one, normalized on a global scale (Ramankutty et al., 2002). Because S is normalized on a global scale, the range of values of S for Utah U.S.A does not cover the global spectrum of S, thus the highest S value in the data is 0.51. S was originally created by Ramankutty et al. (2002) on a global scale to understand probability of cultivation based on a series of environmental factors. The Ramankutty et al. (2002) methods were used to build a regional proxy of agricultural suitability for the state of Utah. Adapting the methods in Ramankutty et al. (2002), we created a higher resolution dataset of S specific to the state of Utah. S is composed of actual and potential evapotranspiration rates from 2000-2013, growing degree days, soil carbon density, and soil pH. The Moisture Index is calculated as: MI = ETact /PET Where ETact is the actual evapotranspiration and PET is the potential evapotranspiration. This calculation results in a zero to one index representing global variation in moisture. MI was calculated for the study area (Utah) using a raster of annual actual ETact and PET evapotranspiration data from 2000 to 2013 derived from the MODIS instrumentation (Mu, Zhao, & Running, 2011; Mu, Zhao, & Running, 2013; Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, 2013). Using ArcMap 10.3.1 Raster Calculator (Spatial Analyst), a raster dataset is created at a resolution of 2.6 kilometers.containing values representative of the average Moisture Index for Utah over a period of fourteen years (ESRI, 2015). The data were collected remotely by satellite (MODIS) and represents reflective surfaces (urban areas, lakes, and the Utah Salt Flats) as null values in the dataset. Areas of null values that were not bodies of water were interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighting (3d Analyst) in ArcMap 10.3.1 (ESRI, 2015). The probability of cultivation (S) is calculated as a normalized product of growing degree days (GDD), available moisture (MI), soil carbon density (Csoil), and soil pH (pHsoil). The equation is divided into two general components: S = Sclim * Ssoil where Sclim = f1(GDD) f2(MI) and Ssoil = g1(Csoil) g2(pHsoil) Climate suitability (Sclim) is calculated as a normalized probability density function of cropland area to Growing Degree-days (f1[GDD]) and probability density function of cropland area to Moisture Index (f2[MI]) (Ramankutty et al. 2002). Soil suitability (Ssoil) is calculated using a sigmoidal function of the soil carbon density and soil acidity/alkalinity. The optimum soil carbon range is from 4 to 8 kg of C/m2 and the optimum range of soil pH is from 6 to 7 (Ramankutty et al. 2002). The resulting S value varies from zero to one indicating the probability of agricultural on a global scale. To implement the equation for S, growing degree-days (GDD) are calculated using usmapmaker.pl Growing Degree-days calculator and PRISM climate maps with a minimum temperature threshold of 50 degrees Fahrenheit (Coop, 2010; Daly, Gibson, Taylor, Johnson, & Pasteris, 2002; Willmott & Robeson, 1995; “US Degree-Day Map Maker,” n.d.). Moisture Index data is calculated as described above. To calculate the overall climate suitability (Sclim), the resulting raster datasets of Growing Degree-days and Moisture Index are combined in ArcMap 10.3.1 using the Raster Calculator (Spatial Analyst) to create climate suitability (Sclim) raster dataset with a resolution of 2.6 kilometers sq. To calculate soil suitability, the functions provided by Ramankutty et al. (2002) are applied to soil data derived from the SSURGO soil dataset compiled using NRCS Soil Data Viewer 6.1 to create thematic maps of average soil pH within the top 30 centimeters and average carbon density within the top 30 centimeters ( Soil Survey Staff, 2015; NRCS Soils, n.d.). However, there are missing values in the SSURGO soil dataset for the state of Utah, resulting in datasets using soil pH to have null values in portions of the state (Soil Survey Staff, 2015). The resulting raster datasets of soil pH and carbon density are combined in ArcMap 10.3.1 using the Raster Calculator (Spatial Analyst) to create a soil suitability (Ssoil) raster dataset with a resolution of 9.2 kilometers sq (ESRI, 2015). The climate suitability raster dataset and soil suitability raster dataset are combined in ArcMap 10.3.1 using the Raster Calculator (Spatial Analyst) generating a S raste... Visit https://dataone.org/datasets/sha256%3A144c6d661d20a6fd2f808471d9c77fa62faf4635f6de5454c7a17209892d21d7 for complete metadata about this dataset.

The global market for chelated iron agriculture micronutrients is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing crop yields and a rising global population demanding enhanced food security. The market, currently valued at approximately $2.5 billion (a reasonable estimation based on typical market sizes for agricultural micronutrients), is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the widespread adoption of intensive farming practices necessitates the use of micronutrients like chelated iron to maximize crop productivity and nutrient density. Secondly, government initiatives promoting sustainable agriculture and improved soil health further contribute to market expansion. The increasing awareness among farmers regarding the benefits of chelated iron over inorganic iron, due to its enhanced bioavailability and reduced environmental impact, is another significant driver. Significant market segments include cereals, pulses, and oilseeds due to their high iron requirements and widespread cultivation. Solution forms of chelated iron dominate the market due to their ease of application and better efficacy. Leading players like BASF SE, Yara International ASA, and Haifa Negev Technologies are heavily investing in research and development to enhance product efficacy and explore new application methods. Geographically, North America and Europe currently hold significant market share due to established agricultural practices and high adoption rates of advanced agricultural technologies. However, the Asia-Pacific region, particularly India and China, is poised for substantial growth owing to rising agricultural production and expanding farming acreage. While challenges like fluctuating raw material prices and stringent regulatory frameworks pose some restraints, the overall market outlook remains positive, with substantial growth opportunities anticipated in emerging markets and through the development of innovative, eco-friendly products. The increasing focus on precision agriculture and the development of advanced fertilizer blends incorporating chelated iron further enhance market prospects. The continued expansion of the global food industry and the heightened demand for nutrient-rich crops are expected to significantly influence the growth trajectory of this market in the coming years.

The global hay and forage baler market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for efficient livestock feed production and rising global agricultural output. The market, currently valued at approximately $2.5 billion in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the expanding global population necessitates increased livestock farming, creating a greater need for efficient hay and forage harvesting and preservation. Secondly, technological advancements in baler design, including features like higher capacity, improved bale density, and automated systems, enhance productivity and reduce labor costs, making them attractive investments for farmers. Finally, government initiatives promoting sustainable agricultural practices and increased mechanization in developing countries are further stimulating market expansion. However, the market faces certain restraints. Fluctuations in raw material prices, particularly steel and other components used in baler manufacturing, can impact production costs and profitability. Furthermore, the market is subject to cyclical variations in agricultural output due to factors like weather conditions and crop yields. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for the hay and forage baler market remains positive, driven by sustained growth in the agricultural sector and ongoing technological innovations. The market segmentation, encompassing various baler types (square, round) and applications (hay, wheat, maize, others), presents opportunities for specialized product development and targeted market penetration by leading players such as John Deere, Vermeer, Krone, and others. The regional distribution shows strong presence in North America and Europe, but significant growth potential exists in developing economies of Asia Pacific and South America, driven by increasing mechanization and agricultural intensification.

Bulk Density Meter Market Outlook

The global bulk density meter market size was valued at approximately USD 470 million in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 720 million by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period. The growth of this market is driven by the increasing need for accurate measurement of bulk density for quality control and material handling in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food & beverages.

The primary growth factor for the bulk density meter market is the rising demand for quality assurance and consistency in product manufacturing. Industries such as pharmaceuticals and food & beverages rely heavily on accurate measurements of bulk density to ensure the quality and efficacy of their products. As regulatory standards become more stringent, the need for precise and reliable bulk density measurement tools is expected to increase, thereby driving the market's growth. Additionally, technological advancements in bulk density meters, such as digital interfaces and enhanced accuracy, are also contributing to market expansion.

Another significant growth driver is the increasing adoption of bulk density meters in the agriculture sector. Accurate bulk density measurements are crucial for optimizing storage and transportation of agricultural products, which can significantly reduce losses and improve efficiency. With the growing global population and the corresponding rise in food demand, the agricultural sector is under pressure to enhance productivity and minimize waste. Bulk density meters play a pivotal role in achieving these objectives, thereby boosting their market demand.

The growing trend of automation and digitalization across various industries is also propelling the market for bulk density meters. Automated bulk density measurement systems offer several advantages, including reduced human error, increased throughput, and better data management. As industries increasingly adopt automation to improve operational efficiency and reduce costs, the demand for advanced bulk density meters is expected to rise. Moreover, the integration of bulk density meters with other systems, such as process control and inventory management systems, further enhances their utility and market appeal.

Regionally, North America holds a significant share of the bulk density meter market, driven by the presence of major pharmaceutical and food & beverage companies, as well as stringent regulatory standards. Europe also represents a substantial market, with a focus on technological innovation and quality control in manufacturing. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate, fueled by rapid industrialization, expanding agricultural activities, and increasing investments in the pharmaceutical and chemical sectors. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also anticipated to experience steady growth, supported by improving economic conditions and rising industrial activities.

Product Type Analysis

The bulk density meter market is segmented by product type into portable and benchtop meters. Portable bulk density meters are gaining popularity due to their ease of use and convenience. These devices are compact, lightweight, and can be easily transported to different locations, making them ideal for field applications. They are particularly useful in the agriculture sector, where on-site measurements of bulk density are often required. The increasing demand for portable meters in field research and quality control activities is expected to drive significant growth in this segment.

On the other hand, benchtop bulk density meters are primarily used in laboratory and industrial settings. These meters are known for their high precision and reliability, making them suitable for applications where accurate measurements are critical. Benchtop meters are extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry for quality control and in research institutes for various experimental studies. The robust construction and advanced features of benchtop meters, such as digital displays and automated measurement capabilities, are key factors contributing to their widespread adoption.

Technological advancements in both portable and benchtop bulk density meters are further enhancing their market potential. Innovations such as digital interfaces, software integration, and improved sensor t