Singapore led the Index of Economic Freedom in 2024, with an index score of 83.5 out of 100. Switzerland, Ireland, Taiwan, and Luxembourg rounded out the top five. Economic Freedom Index In order to calculate the Economic Freedom Index, the source takes 12 different factors into account, including the rule of law, government size, regulatory efficiency, and open markets. All 12 factors are rated on a scale of zero to 100 and are weighted equally. Every country is rated within the Index in order to provide insight into the health and freedom of the global economy. Singapore's economy Singapore is one of the four so-called Asian Tigers, a term used to describe four countries in Asia that saw a booming economic development from the 1950s to the early 1990. Today, the City-State is known for its many skyscrapers, and its economy continue to boom. It has one of the lowest tax-rates in the Asia-Pacific region, and continues to be open towards foreign direct investment (FDI). Moreover, Singapore has one of the highest trade-to-GDP ratios worldwide, underlining its export-oriented economy. Finally, its geographic location has given it a strategic position as a center connecting other countries in the region with the outside world. However, the economic boom has come at a cost, with the city now ranked among the world's most expensive.

The average for 2023 based on 44 countries was 0.59 percent. The highest value was in Germany: 4.32 percent and the lowest value was in Andorra: 0 percent. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2025, Luxembourg was the country with the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world. Of the 20 listed countries, 13 are in Europe and five are in Asia, alongside the U.S. and Australia. There are no African or Latin American countries among the top 20. Correlation with high living standards While GDP is a useful indicator for measuring the size or strength of an economy, GDP per capita is much more reflective of living standards. For example, when compared to life expectancy or indices such as the Human Development Index or the World Happiness Report, there is a strong overlap - 14 of the 20 countries on this list are also ranked among the 20 happiest countries in 2024, and all 20 have "very high" HDIs. Misleading metrics? GDP per capita figures, however, can be misleading, and to paint a fuller picture of a country's living standards then one must look at multiple metrics. GDP per capita figures can be skewed by inequalities in wealth distribution, and in countries such as those in the Middle East, a relatively large share of the population lives in poverty while a smaller number live affluent lifestyles.

This dataset provides values for GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Brazil Imports: FOB: Other Countries data was reported at 346.983 USD mn in Jun 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 157.336 USD mn for May 2019. Brazil Imports: FOB: Other Countries data is updated monthly, averaging 5.807 USD mn from Jan 1989 (Median) to Jun 2019, with 366 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.348 USD bn in Nov 2018 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Oct 1992. Brazil Imports: FOB: Other Countries data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Development, Industry and Trade. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Foreign Trade – Table BR.JAB020: Imports: by Country.

The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database contains selected macroeconomic data series from the statistical appendix of the World Economic Outlook report, which presents the IMF staff's analysis and projections of economic developments at the global level, in major country groups and individual countries. The WEO dataset is released twice a year: April and September/October. Please fill out this online form for access to the confidential version--not for redistribution or transfer to any unauthorized third party. The public version is available on the IMF website. The IMF's World Economic Outlook uses a "bottom-up" approach in producing its forecasts; that is, country teams within the IMF generate projections for individual countries. These are then aggregated, and through a series of iterations where the aggregates feed back into individual countries' forecasts, forecasts converge to the projections reported in the WEO. Because forecasts are made by the individual country teams, the methodology can vary from country to country and series to series depending on many factors. To get more information on a specific country and series forecast, you may contact the country teams directly; from the Countries tab on the IMF website. (From: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/frequently-asked-questions#:~:text=%2Ddatabase%2FDisclaimer.-,Q.,generate%20projections%20for%20individual%20countries.)

The average for 2023 based on 183 countries was 26826 U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 130491 U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Burundi: 829 U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2025 based on 23 countries was 2.58 percent. The highest value was in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 4.7 percent and the lowest value was in Haiti: -1 percent. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2030. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The discovery of oil has had a huge impact on economics and politics within the Middle East, as well as the region’s relationship with the west and the way regional standards of living. Before the discovery of oil, fishing and pearling were the primary economic sectors of many Gulf States. After the discovery of oil and due to the immense value of oil, many Middle East countries made oil their economic focus, changing livelihood of their people in just a few decades. One example is Kuwait, whose economy focused mainly on fishing and pearling prior to the discovery of oil in 1934. Now, oil extraction and processing accounts for 50% of the country’s GDP, 90% of export earnings, and 75% of government revenues1. Typically, the more oil a country exports the less economically diverse it is. Booz & Company did a study to look at the economic diversity of the Gulf States, which are very oil-rich, in comparison to the rest of the world, and found that the economic diversity of the GCC (the countries of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) was much lower than that of European or other “western” states3. Since oil is a nonrenewable resource it will become important for these countries to diversify their economies and become independent of oil as reserve levels decline. Recently, attempts of economic diversification have been made in several oil diverse nations such as the aluminum smelting industry in Bahrain, Qatar, and the UAE, taken up as an attempt to diversify their economy6; however, the reason that the industry of aluminum smelting has grown in these counties is because aluminum smelting requires immense amounts of oil. Therefore, the economics of these counties is in reality not that diversified. The Export Diversity Index is defined as the number of prominent commodities a country exports. Goods made from the same derivative, such as crude oil and petroleum products, were categorized as belonging in the same industry for simplicity purposes. The data represented in the map was obtained from lists of each country's ten most lucrative exports, and the index ranges on a scale of 1 to 10 different exports4. We noticed that the countries with the greatest volume oil resources had the lowest score on the index because more goods they produced were related to the oil industry. The map of oil reserves gives a good visual representation of which Middle Eastern countries are the most oil-rich, and shows a high concentration of marks in the Gulf states, particularly the in the Persian Gulf where off-shore reserves are located. The countries with the lowest score on the index were Saudi Arabia (with a score of 2), Kuwait (4), Bahrain (2), and Qatar (2). It is interesting to note that although other countries may have high concentrations of certain resources within their borders it is only the oil-rich countries that have the lowest levels of export diversity. The only exceptions to this trend are countries with a government that has made particularly strong efforts to become less oil-reliant, such as the United Arab Emirates7. Although, we recognize that a country's economic diversity also accounts for its domestic economy, which generally relies heavily on the country's exports. Therefore this analysis concludes that the Export Diversity Index is an indicator of a country's economic index. The data we have compiled has implications for the future of many of the Gulf States, especially Saudi Arabia, as the international community attempts to wean itself off of fossil fuels.Amanda Doyle, March 2012WORKS CITED1.“Kuwait Economy”. Encycopedia of the Nations, Advameg, Inc. 2011. http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Kuwait-ECONOMY.html.2.Burke, Edmund, and Yaghoubian, David N. Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East. 2nd ed. University of California Press: Berkley, CA, 2006.3.“Economic Diversification”. The Ideation Center. 2011. http://www.ideationcenter.com/home/ideation_article/economic_diversification.4."UN Data: Country Profile”. UN Division of Statistics, United Nations. 2011. http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx5."USGS identifies potential giant oil and gas fields in Israel/Palestine”. EnerGeoPolitics. 2010. http://energeopolitics.com/2010/04/09/usgs-identifies-potential-giant-oil-and-gas-fields-in-israelpalestine/6. "A Summary of Existing and New-Buuild Smelters in the Middle East". Aluminium International Today. January /February 2009. http://www.improvingperformance.com/papers/Primary%20Article%20AIT.pdf.7. "UAE to Diversify Economy - To Reduce Dependence on Oil and Natural Gas Revenues". Oil Gas Articles. 2011. http://www.oilgasarticles.com/articles/416/2/UAE-to-Diversify-Economy---To-Reduce-Dependence-on-oil-and-Natural-Gas-Revenues/Page2.html?PHPSESSID=e10561d4a9d2cf87f64fbdeb2e00f65d.

The Fiscal Monitor surveys and analyzes the latest public finance developments, it updates fiscal implications of the crisis and medium-term fiscal projections, and assesses policies to put public finances on a sustainable footing. Country-specific data and projections for key fiscal variables are based on the April 2020 World Economic Outlook database, unless indicated otherwise, and compiled by the IMF staff. Historical data and projections are based on information gathered by IMF country desk officers in the context of their missions and through their ongoing analysis of the evolving situation in each country; they are updated on a continual basis as more information becomes available. Structural breaks in data may be adjusted to produce smooth series through splicing and other techniques. IMF staff estimates serve as proxies when complete information is unavailable. As a result, Fiscal Monitor data can differ from official data in other sources, including the IMF's International Financial Statistics. The country classification in the Fiscal Monitor divides the world into three major groups: 35 advanced economies, 40 emerging market and middle-income economies, and 40 low-income developing countries. The seven largest advanced economies as measured by GDP (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States) constitute the subgroup of major advanced economies, often referred to as the Group of Seven (G7). The members of the euro area are also distinguished as a subgroup. Composite data shown in the tables for the euro area cover the current members for all years, even though the membership has increased over time. Data for most European Union member countries have been revised following the adoption of the new European System of National and Regional Accounts (ESA 2010). The low-income developing countries (LIDCs) are countries that have per capita income levels below a certain threshold (currently set at $2,700 in 2016 as measured by the World Bank's Atlas method), structural features consistent with limited development and structural transformation, and external financial linkages insufficiently close to be widely seen as emerging market economies. Zimbabwe is included in the group. Emerging market and middle-income economies include those not classified as advanced economies or low-income developing countries. See Table A, "Economy Groupings," for more details. Most fiscal data refer to the general government for advanced economies, while for emerging markets and developing economies, data often refer to the central government or budgetary central government only (for specific details, see Tables B-D). All fiscal data refer to the calendar years, except in the cases of Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, Haiti, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, India, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, and Thailand, for which they refer to the fiscal year. Composite data for country groups are weighted averages of individual-country data, unless otherwise specified. Data are weighted by annual nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates as a share of the group GDP. In many countries, fiscal data follow the IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014. The overall fiscal balance refers to net lending (+) and borrowing ("") of the general government. In some cases, however, the overall balance refers to total revenue and grants minus total expenditure and net lending. The fiscal gross and net debt data reported in the Fiscal Monitor are drawn from official data sources and IMF staff estimates. While attempts are made to align gross and net debt data with the definitions in the IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual, as a result of data limitations or specific country circumstances, these data can sometimes deviate from the formal definitions.

About the Project The project explores alternative methods of measuring economic diversification and investigating its associated impacts on the Saudi Arabian economy and other GCC countries. By utilizing a financial portfolio framework reconciled with economic growth theory, the economy is viewed as a portfolio of economic sectors, each contributing to the overall output growth. Results demonstrated that diversification policies have been effective, as the economy moves towards higher growth with lower instability. Key Points Evidence confirms that there is a positive correlation between the economic growth rate and its volatility/risk in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. In other words, there is a trade-off between the benefits of oil and gas activity and the volatility resulting from unpredictable commodity price swings in such resource dependent economies. Our analysis uses a financial portfolio framework approach (and more specifically an efficient frontier analysis), treating economic sectors as individual investments. We calculate a relative risk measure termed the ‘beta coefficient’ and assemble a portfolio of sectors with varying weights to find the efficient frontier. If the beta of the portfolio representing the economy is above global average, the economy will generally grow faster than the global average but with greater volatility – the upturns will be higher and the downturns deeper. We aim to shed light on diversification policy from this novel, if not yet widely accepted, perspective. The GCC economies exhibit ‘high beta,’ particularly Qatar. Saudi Arabia sits in the middle of the group, but above the global average, while Oman has the lowest coefficient of the group. Saudi Arabia’s National Transformation Plan to 2020 and economic Vision 2030 envisage an economy that is still invested in oil and gas activity at 45 percent of total output. While diversification policies in these plans promote economic growth, it still leaves the economy exposed to the volatility of energy markets. In comparison, the optimal mix of economic sectors could increase the growth rate by more than 1 percent annually and nearly halve the expected volatility (to less than 60 percent of growth rate). Saudi Arabia’s historical economic policies were effective in achieving some diversification. However, their benefits could be increased by policies that balance productive efficiency with diversification of economic activity. The difference between policy-optimized portfolio and non-constrained optimization can be used to estimate the size of the fiscal stabilization fund needed to protect the economy from stop/go risks to diversification objectives.

The average for 2023 based on 54 countries was 270.39 billion U.S. dollars. The highest value was in the USA: 5971.33 billion U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in the Seychelles: 0.34 billion U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Germany Electricity Exports: Other Countries data was reported at 71,620.000 MWh in Jan 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 33,524.000 MWh for Dec 2024. Germany Electricity Exports: Other Countries data is updated monthly, averaging 53,388.000 MWh from Sep 1993 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 362 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 555,574.000 MWh in Dec 2023 and a record low of 4.000 MWh in Jul 1999. Germany Electricity Exports: Other Countries data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.RB007: Electricity Imports and Exports.

The average for 2023 based on 54 countries was 11.82 percent. The highest value was in Puerto Rico: 45.6 percent and the lowest value was in Macao: 0.76 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2022 based on 37 countries was 27240.05 million U.S. dollars. The highest value was in China: 769699.28 million U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Belize: 0 million U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 2007 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

This statistic shows the share of economic sectors in the global gross domestic product (GDP) from 2013 to 2023. In 2022, agriculture contributed 4.25 percent, industry contributed approximately 27.22 percent and services contributed about 61.76 percent to the global gross domestic product. See global GDP for comparison.

The United States has, by far, the largest gross domestic product (GDP) of the G7 countries. Moreover, while the GDP of the other six countries fluctuated between 2000 and 2024, the U.S.' grew almost constantly, reaching an estimated 29.2 trillion U.S. dollars in 2024. The United States is also the world's largest economy ahead of China. Germany had the second largest economy of the G7 countries at around 4.7 trillion U.S. dollars.

The average for 2022 based on 28 countries was 45.64 percent. The highest value was in Tajikistan: 100 percent and the lowest value was in Burundi: 10.3 percent. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2024 based on 11 countries was 60 index points. The highest value was in Singapore: 84 index points and the lowest value was in Burma (Myanmar): 42 index points. The indicator is available from 1995 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2023 based on 38 countries was 56.22 percent. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 212.53 percent and the lowest value was in the USA: 11.01 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.