DSM 1m is a homogeneous and regular point grid indicating the height of the Earth’s surface level in order to model its landscape. DSM 1m is achieved by interpolating in Lambert 2008 source data in Lambert 72 and at a 1m-resolution from the Flemish and Brussels Regions, and by adding Lambert 2008 data at 1m-resolution from the Walloon Region.

Digital surface model (DSM) of the ground level including objects in grid format with a ground resolution of 1 meter. This DSM was derived from LiDAR altitude data collected in the context of the Digital Elevation Model Flanders II (DHMV II).This product is supplemented by an object 'flight day contour DHMV' that displays the exact recording data for each part of the DSM.The product is collected over the period 2013-2015 and is gradually released.

The LIDAR Composite DSM (Digital Surface Model) is a raster elevation model covering ~99% of England at 1m spatial resolution. The DSM (Digital Surface Model) is produced from the last or only laser pulse returned to the sensor and includes heights of objects, such as vehicles, buildings and vegetation, as well as the terrain surface Produced by the Environment Agency in 2022, the DSM is derived from a combination of our Time Stamped archive and National LIDAR Programme surveys, which have been merged and re-sampled to give the best possible coverage. Where repeat surveys have been undertaken the newest, best resolution data is used. Where data was resampled a bilinear interpolation was used before being merged. The 2022 LIDAR Composite contains surveys undertaken between 6th June 2000 and 2nd April 2022. Please refer to the metadata index catalogue which show for any location which survey was used in the production of the LIDAR composite. The data is available to download as GeoTiff rasters in 5km tiles aligned to the OS National grid. The data is presented in metres, referenced to Ordinance Survey Newlyn and using the OSTN’15 transformation method. All individual LIDAR surveys going into the production of the composite had a vertical accuracy of +/-15cm RMSE. Attribution statement: © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2022. All rights reserved.

The LIDAR Composite DTM (Digital Terrain Model) is a raster elevation model covering ~99% of England at 1m spatial resolution. The DTM (Digital Terrain Model) is produced from the last or only laser pulse returned to the sensor. We remove surface objects from the Digital Surface Model (DSM), using bespoke algorithms and manual editing of the data, to produce a terrain model of just the surface.

Produced by the Environment Agency in 2022, the DTM is derived from a combination of our Time Stamped archive and National LIDAR Programme surveys, which have been merged and re-sampled to give the best possible coverage. Where repeat surveys have been undertaken the newest, best resolution data is used. Where data was resampled a bilinear interpolation was used before being merged.

The 2022 LIDAR Composite contains surveys undertaken between 6th June 2000 and 2nd April 2022. Please refer to the metadata index catalgoues which show for any location which survey was used in the production of the LIDAR composite.

The data is available to download as GeoTiff rasters in 5km tiles aligned to the OS National grid. The data is presented in metres, referenced to Ordinance Survey Newlyn and using the OSTN’15 transformation method. All individual LIDAR surveys going into the production of the composite had a vertical accuracy of +/-15cm RMSE.

This data is no longer available on the Defra Data Services Platform. Visit Scottish Remote Sensing Portal to access the latest LIDAR data for Scotland: https://remotesensingdata.gov.scot/data#/list This metadata record is for Approval for Access product AfA458. Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is an airborne mapping technique, which uses a laser to measure the distance between the aircraft and the ground. Up to 100,000 measurements per second are made of the ground, allowing highly detailed terrain models to be generated at spatial resolutions of between 25cm and 2 metres. The Environment Agency’s LIDAR data archive contains digital elevation data derived from surveys carried out by the Environment Agency's specialist remote sensing team. This dataset is derived from a combination of our full dataset which has been merged and re-sampled to give the best possible coverage. Data is available at 2m, 1m, 50cm, and 25cm resolution. The dataset can be supplied as a Digital Surface Model produced from the signal returned to the LIDAR (which includes heights of objects, such as vehicles, buildings and vegetation, as well as the terrain surface) or as a Digital Terrain Model produced by removing objects from the Digital Surface Model. The dataset can be presented as an ESRI Binary Grid which contains height values, or as a georeferenced JPEG which is an image showing what LIDAR looks like when loaded into specialist software. Attribution statement: Visit Scottish Remote Sensing Portal for information.

The Digital Surface Model (DOM) DSM) describes the Earth's surface and all objects on it in the form of dot sets arranged in a regular grid and georeferenced in position and height. In contrast to the digital terrain model (DGM), the vegetation and development surface is thus displayed. The high-resolution ALS-DGM data were collected using Airborne Laser Scanning technologies and are a cooperation product of the Austrian governmental spatial data providers of the federal and state governments.

Suitability/use • Planning basis • Environmental protection • Telecommunications • Geology • Hydrology • Agriculture • Forestry • Cartography

This is one of a total of 55 tiles, which together cover the territory of Austria.

Reference date = creation date: The data for this day is the most up-to-date database of the BEV. This is not the same as the date of recording or surveying. Up-to-dateness can be found in the corresponding series under ‘Downloads, views and links’ in the up-to-dateness overview.

This metadata record is for Approval for Access product AfA458. Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is an airborne mapping technique, which uses a laser to measure the distance between the aircraft and the ground. Up to 100,000 measurements per second are made of the ground, allowing highly detailed terrain models to be generated at spatial resolutions of between 25cm and 2 metres. The Environment Agency’s LIDAR data archive contains digital elevation data derived from surveys carried out by the Environment Agency's specialist remote sensing team. This dataset is derived from a combination of our full dataset which has been merged and re-sampled to give the best possible coverage. Data is available at 2m, 1m, 50cm, and 25cm resolution. The dataset can be supplied as a Digital Surface Model produced from the signal returned to the LIDAR (which includes heights of objects, such as vehicles, buildings and vegetation, as well as the terrain surface) or as a Digital Terrain Model produced by removing objects from the Digital Surface Model. The dataset can be presented as an ESRI Binary Grid which contains height values, or as a georeferenced JPEG which is an image showing what LIDAR looks like when loaded into specialist software. Attribution statement: © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2016. All rights reserved.

The Digital Surface Model (DOM) DSM) describes the Earth's surface and all objects on it in the form of dot sets arranged in a regular grid and georeferenced in position and height. In contrast to the digital terrain model (DGM), the vegetation and development surface is thus displayed. The high-resolution ALS-DGM data were collected using Airborne Laser Scanning technologies and are a cooperation product of the Austrian governmental spatial data providers of the federal and state governments.

Suitability/use • Planning basis • Environmental protection • Telecommunications • Geology • Hydrology • Agriculture • Forestry • Cartography

This is one of a total of 55 tiles, which together cover the territory of Austria.

Reference date = creation date: The data for this day is the most up-to-date database of the BEV. This is not the same as the date of recording or surveying. Up-to-dateness can be found in the corresponding series under ‘Downloads, views and links’ in the up-to-dateness overview.

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a remote sensing technology, i.e. the technology is not in direct contact with what is being measured. From satellite, aeroplane or helicopter, a LiDAR system sends a light pulse to the ground. This pulse hits the ground and returns back to a sensor on the system. The time is recorded to measure how long it takes for this light to return. Knowing this time measurement scientists are able to create topography maps.LiDAR data are collected as points (X,Y,Z (x & y coordinates) and z (height)). The data is then converted into gridded (GeoTIFF) data to create a Digital Terrain Model and Digital Surface Model of the earth. This LiDAR data was collected between June and October 2018.An ordnance datum (OD) is a vertical datum used as the basis for deriving heights on maps. This data is referenced to the Malin Head Vertical Datum which is the mean sea level of the tide gauge at Malin Head, County Donegal. It was adopted as the national datum in 1970 from readings taken between 1960 and 1969 and all heights on national grid maps are measured above this datum. Digital Terrain Models (DTM) are bare earth models (no trees or buildings) of the Earth’s surface.Digital Surface Models (DSM) are earth models in its current state. For example, a DSM includes elevations from buildings, tree canopy, electrical power lines and other features.Hillshading is a method which gives a 3D appearance to the terrain. It shows the shape of hills and mountains using shading (levels of grey) on a map, by the use of graded shadows that would be cast by high ground if light was shining from a chosen direction.This data shows the hillshade of the DTM.This data was collected by BlueSky and GeoAeroSpace and provided to the Geological Survey Ireland. All data formats are provided as GeoTIFF rasters but are at different resolutions. Data resolution is 1m.Both a DTM and DSM are raster data. Raster data is another name for gridded data. Raster data stores information in pixels (grid cells). Each raster grid makes up a matrix of cells (or pixels) organised into rows and columns. This data has a grid cell size of 1 meter by 1 meter. This means that each cell (pixel) represents an area of 1 meter squared.

The LIDAR DSM (Digital Surface Model) Time Stamped Tiles product is an archive of raster elevation data produced by the Environment Agency. Site specific surveys have been carried out across England since 1998, with certain areas, such as the coastal zone, being surveyed multiple times. Data is available at varying resolutions of 25cm, 50cm, 1m and 2m, depending on project requirements. The DSM (Digital Surface Model) is produced from the last return LIDAR signal and includes heights of objects, such as vehicles, buildings and vegetation, as well as the terrain surface. Available to download as Geotiff rasters in 5km zips, data is presented in metres, referenced to Ordinance Survey Newlyn and data aligned to the OS Grid. All LIDAR data has a vertical accuracy of +/-15cm RMSE. The transformation used on the data is specific to the time period of survey. Please refer to the metadata index catalogue which show, for any location, what time stamped data is available, the specific dates of survey, resolution of product and what transformation and geoidal model used. Attribution statement: © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2019. All rights reserved.

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a remote sensing technology, i.e. the technology is not in direct contact with what is being measured. From satellite, aeroplane or helicopter, a LiDAR system sends a light pulse to the ground. This pulse hits the ground and returns back to a sensor on the system. The time is recorded to measure how long it takes for this light to return. Knowing this time measurement scientists are able to create topography maps. LiDAR data are collected as points (X,Y,Z (x & y coordinates) and z (height)). The data is then converted into gridded (GeoTIFF) data to create a Digital Terrain Model and Digital Surface Model of the earth. An ordnance datum (OD) is a vertical datum used as the basis for deriving heights on maps. This data is referenced to the Malin Head Vertical Datum which is the mean sea level of the tide gauge at Malin Head, County Donegal. It was adopted as the national datum in 1970 from readings taken between 1960 and 1969 and all heights on national grid maps are measured above this datum. This LiDAR data was collected between 2015 and 2021. Digital Terrain Models (DTM) are bare earth models (no trees or buildings) of the Earth’s surface. Digital Surface Models (DSM) are earth models in its current state. For example, a DSM includes elevations from buildings, tree canopy, electrical power lines and other features. This data was collected by the Geological Survey Ireland, the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, the Discovery Programme, the Heritage Council, Transport Infrastructure Ireland, New York University, the Office of Public Works and Westmeath County Council. All data formats are provided as GeoTIFF rasters but are at different resolutions. Data resolution varies depending on survey requirements. Resolutions for each organisation are as follows: GSI – 1m DCHG/DP/HC - 0.13m, 0.14m, 1m NY – 1m TII – 2m OPW – 2m WMCC - 0.25m Both a DTM and DSM are raster data. Raster data is another name for gridded data. Raster data stores information in pixels (grid cells). Each raster grid makes up a matrix of cells (or pixels) organised into rows and columns. The grid cell size varies depending on the organisation that collected it. GSI data has a grid cell size of 1 meter by 1 meter. This means that each cell (pixel) represents an area of 1 meter squared.

The DTM is a homogeneous and regular point grid indicating the height of the ground level in order to model its surface. The DTM 1m is achieved by interpolating in Lambert 2008 source data in Lambert 72 and at a 1m-resolution from the Flemish and Brussels regions, and by adding Lambert 2008 data at 1m-resolution from the Walloon Region. The DTM 5m has an additional source, namely drawn structure lines and points adapted during systematic and continuous update by photogrammetric surveys. The DTM 20m is obtained by resampling of the DTM 1m.

The Digital Surface Model (DOM) DSM) describes the Earth's surface and all objects on it in the form of dot sets arranged in a regular grid and georeferenced in position and height. In contrast to the digital terrain model (DGM), the vegetation and development surface is thus displayed. The high-resolution ALS-DGM data were collected using Airborne Laser Scanning technologies and are a cooperation product of the Austrian governmental spatial data providers of the federal and state governments.

Suitability/use • Planning basis • Environmental protection • Telecommunications • Geology • Hydrology • Agriculture • Forestry • Cartography

This is one of a total of 55 tiles, which together cover the territory of Austria.

Reference date = creation date: The data for this day is the most up-to-date database of the BEV. This is not the same as the date of recording or surveying. Up-to-dateness can be found in the corresponding series under ‘Downloads, views and links’ in the up-to-dateness overview.

The analysis used to produce this dataset looks at geographic location, surface slope, surface aspect, and the effects of shading based on local topography and adjacent structures. A digital surface model was generated from raw LiDAR data. Then, using this DSM, an individual locations on a grid surface were assessed for the amount of direct and indirect radiation that reaches the surface. This analysis was conducted at a 1m resolution for the entire state of Minnesota.

The Digital Surface Model (DOM) DSM) describes the Earth's surface and all objects on it in the form of dot sets arranged in a regular grid and georeferenced in position and height. In contrast to the digital terrain model (DGM), the vegetation and development surface is thus displayed. The high-resolution ALS-DGM data were collected using Airborne Laser Scanning technologies and are a cooperation product of the Austrian governmental spatial data providers of the federal and state governments.

Suitability/use • Planning basis • Environmental protection • Telecommunications • Geology • Hydrology • Agriculture • Forestry • Cartography

A total of 55 tiles cover the Austrian territory.

Reference date = creation date: The data for this day is the most up-to-date database of the BEV. This is not the same as the date of recording or surveying. The topicality can be found under "Downloads, views and links" in the topicality overview.

The Environment Agency National LIDAR Programme provides accurate elevation data at 1m spatial resolution for all of England. In 2017 we divided the country into 302 survey blocks covering all of England which were subsequently captured during the winter months (approximately November to April each year) between January 2017 and February 2023. These are known as our 'Phase 1' national lidar programme surveys. Subsequently we have undertaken repeat surveys of specific blocks based on the on-going requirements for upto date elevation data. Each repeat survey block is given a new incrementing phase number, for example the second time we capture a block this is that blocks 'phase 2' whilst the 3rd time will be 'phase 3'. There is not curretly a plan to capture all the origianl phase 1 survey blocks over a rolling programme with repeat surveys be based on the requirements for upto date elevation data for an area. All data is published through the DEFRA Data Services survey portal on a quartely on-going bases and a number of different products area available for each survey block. All products are available in 5km tiles aligned to the ordnance survey grid. The tiles are named by the unique survey id, OS grid reference and the first and last survey date of the survey id (P_XXXXX_OSOSOS_SDFLOWN_EDFLOWN.*). The surface models are available in GeoTiff raster format whilst the point cloud is available in *.laz. An index catalogue is also available with provides survey specific information about each tile. Outlined below is a description of each product that is available for each survey block: LIDAR Point Cloud: is the discrete LIDAR returns that are used in the creation of the surface models. Supplied in *.laz format they the discrete LIDAR returns have been classified into ground, low, medium and high vegetation classes using an automated classification process. Digital Surface Model(s) (DSM) are created from the last or only LIDAR pulse returned to the sensor and contains all ground and surface objects. Digital Terrain Model(s) (DTM) is created from the last return LIDAR pulse classified as ground, filtering out surface objects. Manual filtering is undertaken on the DTM to improve the automated classification routines to produce a most likely ground surface model. Areas of no data, such as water bodies, are also filled to ensure there are no gaps in the model. First Return Digital Surface Model(s) (FZ DSM) is created from the either the first or only LIDAR pulse returned to the sensor and contains all ground and surface objects. It is more likely to return elevations from the top or near top of trees and the edges of buildings. It can often be used in canopy height modelling and production of building outlines. Intensity Surface Model(s) (Int DSM) is a measure of the amount of laser light from each laser pulse reflecting from an object. This reflectivity is a function of the near infrared wavelength used and varies with the composition of the surface object reflecting the return and angle of incidence.The intensity surface model produces a grayscale image where darker surfaces such as roads reflect less light than other surfaces such as vegetation. Attribution statement: © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2022. All rights reserved.

Imagery CaptureSensor - PhaseOne IXU-RS1000 with 70mm Rodenstock reliance shutter (RS) lens. Serial Number - YC030001Focal Length - 69.8261mmImagery Type - RGBAcquisition Date(s) - North-South runs: 15th, 16th, 17th, 22nd & 23rd July 2019 Tie/coastal strips: 22nd & 23rd July 2019Flying Height (above MSL) - Approx 3000ft MSL for 6cm resolution, but variable due to terrain.Capture Methodology - Primary Runs - 95, Secondary/Tie Runs - 10Forward / Side Overlap (%) - 70 / 40OrthosmosaicA digital orthophoto is a raster image of remotely sensed data in which displacement in the image due to sensor orientation and terrain relief have been corrected (orthorectification). Orthophotos combine the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map and can be used as a backdrop layer in conjunction with other spatial information.Spatial Resolution - 6 cmSpatial Accuracy - <3 pixels @ 68% confidence (Sigma 1)*Spatial Accuracy Notes - Based on check against selected visible survey marker coordinates (Type ‘minimark’ and ‘STAND’ with CLASS A, B, C, D) downloaded from QLDSpatial website. Final imagery checked and accuracy verified against available cadastral data with sub 1m accuracy (B&D ENTRY CONTROLLED - 0.1M, 0.25M, 0.3M, 0.5M, 1MMap Projection - Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereRectification Surface - Utilised 1m Lidar DSM downloaded from https://elevation.fsdf.org.au/. The DSM was not manually edited and no 3D Breaklines were mapped. In areas of disturbance or obvious terrain change eg. Mines/quarries etc, a new DSM was generated via stereo photogrammetric techniques at ½ full image resolution. The photogrammetric DSM was filtered using automated building and vegetation filter algorithms to remove some (but not all) above ground features. The filtered DSM was then gaussian smoothed and resampled to 1m resolution to match the LIDAR DTM.Rectification Surface Accuracy Vertical - +/- 0.15m @ 67 % CI for client supplied LIDAR DTM, as per client metadata for dataset (not independently verified)Rectification Surface Accuracy Horizontal - +/- 0.3m @ 67 % CI, as per client metadata for dataset (not verified)Tile Size / Grid - 1km2Limitations of DataThis dataset contains imagery which has been aero-triangulated, spatially adjusted and rectified using a digital ground surface model. The stated spatial accuracy of this product is relevant for features present at ground level only. Elevated structures (roof-tops, tree canopies, etc) will be affected by relief displacement and cannot be reliably measured from this product. Spatial accuracy is reduced in areas of dense vegetation.

The Digital Surface Model (DOM) DSM) describes the Earth's surface and all objects on it in the form of dot sets arranged in a regular grid and georeferenced in position and height. In contrast to the digital terrain model (DGM), the vegetation and development surface is thus displayed. The high-resolution ALS-DGM data were collected using Airborne Laser Scanning technologies and are a cooperation product of the Austrian governmental spatial data providers of the federal and state governments.

Suitability/use • Planning basis • Environmental protection • Telecommunications • Geology • Hydrology • Agriculture • Forestry • Cartography

This is one of a total of 55 tiles, which together cover the territory of Austria.

Reference date = creation date: The data for this day is the most up-to-date database of the BEV. This is not the same as the date of recording or surveying. Up-to-dateness can be found in the corresponding series under ‘Downloads, views and links’ in the up-to-dateness overview.

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a remote sensing technology, i.e. the technology is not in direct contact with what is being measured. From satellite, aeroplane or helicopter, a LiDAR system sends a light pulse to the ground. This pulse hits the ground and returns back to a sensor on the system. The time is recorded to measure how long it takes for this light to return. Knowing this time measurement scientists are able to create topography maps.

LiDAR data are collected as points (X,Y,Z (x & y coordinates) and z (height)). The data is then converted into gridded (GeoTIFF) data to create a Digital Terrain Model and Digital Surface Model of the earth. This LiDAR data was collected between 2015 and 2020.

Digital Terrain Models (DTM) are bare earth models (no trees or buildings) of the Earth’s surface.

Digital Surface Models (DSM) are earth models in its current state. For example, a DSM includes elevations from buildings, tree canopy, electrical power lines and other features.

This data was collected by the Geological Survey Ireland, the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, the Discovery Programme, the Heritage Council, Transport Infrastructure Ireland, New York University, the Office of Public Works and Westmeath County Council. All data formats are provided as GeoTIFF rasters but are at different resolutions. Data resolution varies depending on survey requirements. Resolutions for each organisation are as follows:

GSI – 1m

DCHG/DP/HC - 0.13m, 0.14m, 1m

NY – 1m

TII – 2m

OPW – 2m

WMCC - 0.25m

Both a DTM and DSM are raster data. Raster data is another name for gridded data. Raster data stores information in pixels (grid cells). Each raster grid makes up a matrix of cells (or pixels) organised into rows and columns. The grid cell size varies depending on the organisation that collected it. GSI data has a grid cell size of 1 meter by 1 meter. This means that each cell (pixel) represents an area of 1 meter squared.