This graphic shows the share of French families having only one child in France from 1990 to 2022. In 1990, roughly 43 percent of all French families had one child. In 2022, they represented around ** percent of the families in France.

BackgroundFamilies with young children have faced serious challenges during the first lockdown as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to remote working, parents have had to monitor their children’s schoolwork and manage their daily lives. When one of the children also has neuro-developmental disorders, this results in an increased burden. We can therefore wonder how these families with one or more young children (under 6 years old) with special needs have experienced and dealt with this lockdown.Aim of the StudyIn this context, the “COVJEUNENFANT” study focused more specifically on the subjective experience, as a parent, of those who cared for children with special needs (i.e., with developmental disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, proven disabilities or chronic health conditions) compared to the general population. We wished to see if the consequences of the health crisis were significantly different from those perceived by respondents in the general population (n = 490) and if the sociodemographic structure of these families differed from those of other respondents.MethodsNinety three French families with at least one child under 6 years old and one with developmental difficulties or a chronic illness, from a cohort of 490 control families, participated in a web-based survey during the first lockdown, from the 28th April 2020 to 29th May 2020.ResultsAfter presenting the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, the results show that these French families (n = 93) are less wealthy than the control population “without special needs” (n = 397), have felt more pressures originating from their environment (families, friends, colleagues, media, social networks…), have suffered from more health issues (other than COVID-19), have taken more measures to protect themselves (social-distancing), and were less likely to feel happy. A significantly larger number of them lamented the lack of free time and voiced a larger need for information regarding children’s education. However, their parental role was felt as being more satisfying and their family relations strengthened more than in the general population of participants.ConclusionIt is apparent that urgent prioritisation is needed in order to support and care for these families by continuing to provide care for their children in one way or another, and by ensuring that their need to adapt again does not exceed their own abilities and resources, especially as young children, who have high levels of requirements, are present in the home.

In Lyon, France, in 2020, the total number of families, regardless if they had children or not was 120,476. However almost one familly out of two had no children. There were 27,079 families with one child, and 23,310 with two children. That same year in Lyon, there were only 3,017 families with four children or more.

In 2019, ** percent of lesbian, gay, bisexual, intersex, and transgender people were raising one or more children with their partner in France. This proportion was more than twice as high among bisexual men. In addition, the proportion of people raising a child/children with their partner was similar among bisexual and lesbian women. In contrast, only *****percent of French gay men were raising a child with their partner.

Residential population aged 25 to 54 years with access to landline phone (except Poland)

Spread and relevance of spatial mobility. The situation of mobile people.

A: Identification of Job-Mobility: Employment status; paid work in the past; end of last job; daily travel time to work; variation due to several jobs; one hour commute at least 12 days per month; same duration for the way home; duration of commute to get from job back home; number of commutes per week; overnighters were asked: number of job-related overnights per year; worked parts of the year away from home; at least 60 overnights away from home; recent relocators were asked: ever moved at least 50 km; number of movements; move for job-related reasons.

Long-distance relationships: Stable relationship; common household with partner, employment status of partner, common household if jobs would allow it, duration of travel between the two residences.

Job-Mobility of the partner: Daily travel time from home to work, number of commutes per week, job-related overnights in the last 12 months, number of job-related overnights per year, per month and per week, number of overnight days and weeks in a row, number of overnight trips per month, job-related move since 2004 for over 50 km.

B) Origin and Place 1. Life history: Age (year of birth); country of birth; year and age of move to survey-country; ever lived one year or longer outside the country; stays abroad for one year or longer; citizenship (multiple answer); same country of origin as respondents parents; country of origin of respondents father and mother (migration background); year and age of move out from parental home; first home rent or own; distance to parental home at least 50 km; year of this relocation and up to 15 additional relocations; job-related reason for moving; moving across national border.

1. Place of living: Current place of living (NUTS); number of residences; number of places of living; own or rent own dwelling; attachment to own four walls and to the city of residence (scalometer); attachment to the region (only in Belgium and Spain); attachment to one`s country, to the country of birth, and to Europe; distance to friends; (only in Switzerland: frequency of contact with good friends, interaction in circle of friends).

C) Family life 1. Partnership: Year and month of beginning of the relationship; year of marriage; first marriage; marital status; partner: year of birth; partner`s citizenship; highest educational level; employment status; more than one job; current occupation (only in France and Germany); number of work hours per week; main job; fixed-term or open-ended work contract; freedom of choosing work hours; number of partnerships; number of partnerships with cohabitation.

1. Children, childcare, grandchildren, household and parents: Number of children; number of step, foster or adopted children, all children living in the household; year of birth of children, own children, step children, adopted children, foster children, living children belonging to the household, reason for not living in the household, frequency of contact with these children; respondent is currently on maternal or parental leave; paid nanny or day mother for childcare; frequency of paid care; child is attending kindergarten or a day nursery; time of returning from school (hour and minute); grandparents taking care of children and frequency of care; grandparents are not alive anymore; child care by relatives or friends and frequency of care; intention to have an additional child; number of grandchildren; importance of job-related reasons for not having children; reasons for not having children; intention to have a child within the next 3 years; parents, grandparents and parents in law live within short distance.

2. Quality of partnership, division of labour and housework: Leisure activities together with the partner; necessity of daily face-to-face contact for a good partnership; visiting friends together with the partner; partner who cares for the children and handles housework; paid support for household.

D) Work I: Job biography: Year of first job; number of different employers in job career; for former jobs was asked: daily commuting at least 1 hour one way; part of the week and part of the year away from home; long business trips; long distance relocation; moving to another country; highest educational level of respondent; enrolled in university or professional training.

1. Current occupational situation: working f...

This research project investigated the relationships between care, inequalities and wellbeing among different generations of transnational families in the UK, Spain, France and Sweden.

‘Transnational families’ are family groups where one or more family members spend all or most of their time geographically separated across borders, but share a collective sense of connection as a ‘family’. This project established a new transnational interdisciplinary network across the four partner countries. The network built the capacity of migrants and practitioners through developing research skills and co-producing knowledge. It also built the capacity of early career and established academics through mutual learning in participatory and ethnographic approaches.

The consortium facilitated comparative research that is influencing policy and practice changes to improve the equality and wellbeing of migrant carers of different generations. The research has shown that transnational families simultaneously manage multiple caring responsibilities, both proximately for family members, and by caring at a distance for kin living in other countries. Families’ opportunities and access to social protection are shaped by intersecting inequalities based on legal status, nationality, race and ethnicity, disability/chronic illness, socio-economic status, language-related inequalities, gender and generation.

The physical and mental health, economic, social and emotional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic were interlinked for migrants and led to the further marginalisation of transnational families, particularly those with insecure legal status and low socio-economic status. The deficits of migration and care regimes, alongside the absence of kin, create the need for children and youth to take on caring roles in transnational families. Children’s care work is often invisible, but may be crucial in enabling parents/relatives to fill gaps in care provision, facilitating access to public services through language and digital brokering. The accelerated shift towards digital technology becoming the primary gateway to access public services particularly affects older generations and those with low levels of literacy or language proficiency in the dominant societal language and increases the reliance on younger generations.

The research highlighted several barriers to accessing affordable, appropriate and high-quality language education provision. Negative impacts of caregiving were evidenced among middle and younger generations in terms of their education, employment and finances, family relationships, social participation, health and wellbeing. Such impacts could have significant implications for carers’ long term opportunities and wellbeing, especially among transnational families with high care needs who were already facing financial hardships and insecurity.

Policy recommendations focus on levelling out inequalities, expanding the definition of ‘family’ in reunification policies, recognising children’s care work in transnational families, making public services more accessible, welcoming and inclusive for migrant carers and their families.

The findings across the four countries have been published in an open access Report (Summary also available in French, Spanish and Swedish), 4 Policy Briefs and 11 academic articles to date, 13 accessible film outputs and disseminated through regional workshops, an international Symposium and professional networks. We guest-edited a special issue of Population, Space and Place journal on ‘Intergenerational care, inequalities and wellbeing among transnational families in Europe’, which includes 5 papers based on the findings.

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Child Care Market Size 2025-2029

The child care market size is forecast to increase by USD 365.1 billion, at a CAGR of 17.7% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by increasing parental awareness towards the importance of early childhood education and care. This trend is further fueled by corporations providing child care services as employee benefits, recognizing the value of work-life balance and the positive impact on employee productivity. However, the market faces challenges as well. Health concerns for children in child care centers have become a major focus, with a growing emphasis on ensuring the highest standards of hygiene and safety to mitigate potential health risks.
Companies entering this market must navigate these challenges effectively, prioritizing the well-being of children while maintaining a strong business model. By addressing these trends and obstacles, market participants can capitalize on the growing demand for quality child care services and position themselves as leaders in the industry.

What will be the Size of the Child Care Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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The market continues to evolve, with dynamic market dynamics shaping the industry across various sectors. Curriculum development in early childhood education is a key focus, aligning with evolving early learning standards. Childcare facilities ensure legal compliance and provide staff training to meet these requirements. Waldorf and Montessori schools offer unique approaches to education, while retention strategies are essential for maintaining a stable workforce. Affordable childcare and financial aid are critical for families, with financial assistance programs and subsidies playing a crucial role. Educational toys and continuing education for staff enhance the learning experience. Parent involvement and communication are also vital, with assessment tools and childcare software facilitating effective engagement.

Childcare marketing and technology integration help attract and retain families, with learning materials and academic enrichment programs ensuring a well-rounded educational experience. Childcare facilities prioritize safety and emergency preparedness, offering indoor and outdoor play areas, in-home care, and transportation services. Behavioral intervention and teacher-student ratio are essential for effective classroom management, with liability insurance and emergency preparedness plans ensuring peace of mind for families. Nutrition programs and special needs care cater to diverse needs, while summer camps and learning centers provide opportunities for seasonal enrichment. Inclusion programs and daycare centers prioritize accessibility and equity, with licensing and regulations ensuring the highest standards.The ongoing unfolding of market activities and evolving patterns in the child care industry reflect the continuous commitment to providing quality care and education for young children.

How is this Child Care Industry segmented?

The child care industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Delivery

  Organized care facilities
  Home-based settings


Type

  Early education and daycare
  Early care
  Backup care


Provider Type

  Corporate
  Non-Profit
  Private


Age Group

  Infants
  Toddlers
  Preschoolers


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Delivery Insights

The organized care facilities segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is characterized by the dominance of organized child care facilities, driven by the increasing number of working parents and the resulting demand for quality early childhood education. In these facilities, a strong emphasis is placed on adhering to early learning standards and delivering curriculum development that fosters literacy, language, and overall personality development. Parent communication and assessment tools are essential for maintaining transparency and ensuring effective education. Childcare insurance, staff recruitment, and retention strategies are crucial for maintaining a well-trained and dedicated workforce. Legal compliance, staff training, and safety standards are top priorities to ensure a nurturing and secure environment.

Waldorf and Montessori schools offer alternative approaches to early education, emphasizing play-based learn

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Parenting Apps Market Size 2025-2029

The parenting apps market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.14 billion, at a CAGR of 16.2% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increased digitalization of parenting and the expanding role of technology in family life. With the rise of smartphones and mobile applications, parents now have access to a wealth of resources to support their child-rearing responsibilities. This trend is further bolstered by the growing government focus on the development of new parenting apps, aimed at addressing various societal challenges such as child development, health, and education. 
However, the market also faces notable challenges, primarily centered around data privacy concerns. As parenting apps collect and store sensitive information, ensuring the security and confidentiality of this data is paramount. Companies must prioritize strong data protection measures to build trust with their user base and mitigate potential risks. Privacy remains a top priority in the market, necessitating a strong focus on data security to ensure user confidence and continued adoption. By addressing these challenges and capitalizing on the market's growth drivers, businesses can seize opportunities In the market and contribute to the ongoing digital transformation of family life.

What will be the Size of the Parenting Apps Market during the forecast period?

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The market caters to modern parents seeking convenient solutions for managing various aspects of childcare. This market encompasses a range of applications designed to facilitate schedule planning, developmental milestone tracking, expert advice, sleep monitoring, and community engagement. Features and services include milestone trackers, digital communities, online consultation, emotional support, and AI-driven guidance for early childhood development. Educational apps, interactive games, language development tools, and storytelling apps support children's learning and parent-child bonding. Additionally, sleep monitors and reminders help parents manage their responsibilities effectively.
The market's growth is driven by the increasing adoption of digital technology in childcare and the demand for expert guidance and community support. Android system users have access to a vast selection of parenting apps catering to the needs of caregivers, adolescents, and families. Overall, this market is a dynamic and growing sector, providing essential tools and resources for parents In their childrearing journey.

How is this Parenting Apps Industry segmented?

The parenting apps industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Tracking apps
  Information apps
  Photo sharing apps
  Others


Application

  Android system
  IOS system
  Others


Deployment

  Cloud-based
  On-premises


Revenue

  Subscription-based
  Freemium
  Ad-supported
  One-time purchase


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Type Insights

The tracking apps segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Parenting apps have become essential tools for modern parents, offering a range of features and services to support various aspects of child development and care. These apps facilitate tracking of developmental milestones, growth metrics, sleep patterns, and feeding schedules, providing parents with valuable insights and trends through analytical tools. Beyond record-keeping, they offer digital communities for peer support, online consultation with experts, and emotional support. Some apps incorporate AI-driven guidance, parenting-skill simulations, and smart device integration for blood sugar monitoring, pregnancy tracking, baby tracking, co-parenting, and more.

Parents can also find educational apps, interactive games, language development tools, and storytelling resources for early childhood development. These apps promote quality time, mental health support, and digital literacy, addressing concerns related to depression in children, information privacy, and security. With customization and personalization options, they cater to the unique needs of families on both Android and iOS systems.

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The tracking apps segment was valued at USD 282.80 million in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

APAC is estimated to contribute 37% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.Technav

ObjectivesTo assess practices of French psychiatrists regarding their management of children and adolescents with suicidal behaviors, focusing on the use of a separation protocol in which the youths are separated from their relatives.MethodsIn 2017, we conducted an online cross-sectional survey of French psychiatrists caring for children and adolescents. Participants were asked to describe their practice of a separation protocol in children and adolescents admitted for suicidal behavior. Our main analysis followed a descriptive approach. We also explored whether participant characteristics were associated with the use of a separation protocol.ResultsThe response rate was 218/2403 (9,1%); 57.9 % of respondents worked in a University hospital, and 60% of respondents reported routinely hospitalizing children. A separation protocol was set up by 91.1% of survey participants (systematically 39.6%, on a case-by-case basis 51.5%). The mean age from which a separation protocol was indicated was above 11 years; 64% of participants reported a separation period of ≤ 48 h. The most common (87%) criterion cited for establishing a separation period was family relationship difficulties. The most common (80.9%) reason to justify the use of a separation protocol was to allow a better clinical assessment. Exploratory analyses did not identify any participant characteristics associated with the use of a separation protocol (p > 0.2 for all).ConclusionThe use of a separation protocol in children and adolescents admitted for suicidal behavior is a widespread practice in France, despite the deprivation of liberty it implies. This raises the question of the relevance and usefulness of such a practice.

In France, the majority of people who reported having been raped as children were women (**** out of five). In addition, it was found that nearly a quarter of those who were raped as minors experienced the abuse between the ages of **** and ****. Five percent of the victims were aged under three years old at the time of the crime. Furthermore, in nearly half of the cases, the person who committed rape(s) against a minor was a close or extended family member.

In 2024, Monaco was the European country estimated to have the highest fertility rate. The country had a fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman. Other small countries such as Gibraltar or Montenegro also came towards the top of the list for 2024, while the large country with the highest fertility rate was France, with 1.64 children per woman. On the other hand, Ukraine had the lowest fertility rate, averaging around one child per woman.