Facebook
Twitterhttps://sitemate.com/resources/terms-of-service/https://sitemate.com/resources/terms-of-service/
A well structured and professional Material Safety Data Sheet Template or MSDS for short, which can be used to store details about specific hazardous checmicals and materials. These sheets are critical for safety across all industries, including construction, cleaning, facilities management and more.
Facebook
Twitter
According to our latest research, the global Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Management Software market size reached USD 1.42 billion in 2024. The market is experiencing robust expansion, registering a CAGR of 7.8% between 2025 and 2033. By the end of the forecast period, the SDS Management Software market is projected to attain USD 2.80 billion. This significant growth is primarily driven by the increasing stringency of regulatory compliance requirements across industries, coupled with the rising complexity of chemical management and workplace safety protocols worldwide.
The primary growth factor for the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Management Software market is the global escalation of regulatory mandates regarding chemical safety and hazardous material management. Governments and international bodies such as OSHA, REACH, and GHS are continually updating regulations, compelling organizations to adopt advanced digital solutions for compliance. The growing need for real-time access to safety data, automated document management, and streamlined compliance processes is pushing organizations to transition from manual or legacy systems to specialized SDS management platforms. Additionally, the increasing frequency of audits and inspections is driving organizations to invest in robust SDS management software to avoid penalties, ensure employee safety, and maintain operational continuity.
Another substantial driver of market growth is the digital transformation initiatives being undertaken across industries such as manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, oil & gas, and healthcare. As companies strive to modernize their Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) practices, the adoption of cloud-based and integrated SDS management solutions is rising. These platforms not only facilitate centralized document storage and instant retrieval but also enable seamless integration with other enterprise systems such as ERP and compliance management tools. The ability to automate updates, track regulatory changes, and generate real-time reports is proving invaluable for organizations seeking to enhance efficiency, minimize risks, and foster a culture of safety.
The increasing complexity of global supply chains and the proliferation of hazardous substances in various industries are further accelerating the demand for SDS management solutions. As businesses expand their operations across borders, they face the challenge of adhering to diverse regulatory frameworks and ensuring the safe handling, storage, and transportation of chemicals. SDS management software provides a unified platform to manage multilingual documentation, standardize processes, and ensure compliance with region-specific regulations. This is particularly critical for multinational corporations operating in highly regulated sectors, where non-compliance can result in severe financial and reputational repercussions.
The role of SDS Sheet Protector in the management of safety data sheets is becoming increasingly significant as organizations seek to enhance the durability and accessibility of these critical documents. SDS Sheet Protectors provide a physical layer of protection, ensuring that safety data sheets remain intact and legible over time, even in challenging environments. This is particularly important in industries such as manufacturing and chemicals, where exposure to dust, moisture, and chemicals can compromise the integrity of paper documents. By using SDS Sheet Protectors, companies can safeguard their compliance documentation, facilitate easy retrieval during audits, and maintain a professional appearance of their safety records. As digital solutions continue to evolve, the integration of physical document protection with digital management systems offers a comprehensive approach to SDS management, balancing the need for both accessibility and preservation.
From a regional standpoint, North America currently dominates the SDS Management Software market, accounting for the largest market share in 2024. This leadership is attributed to the presence of stringent regulatory frameworks, high awareness levels, and early adoption of digital EHS solutions. However, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, fueled by rapid industrializ
Facebook
TwitterThis document contains the data set for my research on Parenting Styles, Academic Achievement and Academic Motivation. The participants of the study included 482 students. However, since the number of compleet responses was 203, thereby, the data of only 203 participants was considered for the final analysis.
Facebook
TwitterAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
City of Tempe Security and Privacy Worksheet includes:Section 1: DATASET NAME Section 2. PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION QUESTIONS Section 3. SECURITY: PROTECTED DATA Section 4. SECURITY: SENSITIVE DATA
Facebook
TwitterAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
The detailed data sheet for all figures relevant in manuscript and supplementary information.
Facebook
Twitterthis file has the metadata sheet and the data used for the figures and tables in the PFQ vs BPC manuscript. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Gray, E., J. Furr, J. Conley, C. Lambright, N. Evans, M. Cardon, V. Wilson, P. Foster, and P. Hartig. A Conflicted Tale of Two Novel AR Antagonists In vitro and In vivo: Pyrifluquinazon versus Bisphenol C.. TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Society of Toxicology, RESTON, VA, 632-643, (2019).
Facebook
TwitterThe USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) recently established SCINet , which consists of a shared high performance computing resource, Ceres, and the dedicated high-speed Internet2 network used to access Ceres. Current and potential SCINet users are using and generating very large datasets so SCINet needs to be provisioned with adequate data storage for their active computing. It is not designed to hold data beyond active research phases. At the same time, the National Agricultural Library has been developing the Ag Data Commons, a research data catalog and repository designed for public data release and professional data curation. Ag Data Commons needs to anticipate the size and nature of data it will be tasked with handling. The ARS Web-enabled Databases Working Group, organized under the SCINet initiative, conducted a study to establish baseline data storage needs and practices, and to make projections that could inform future infrastructure design, purchases, and policies. The SCINet Web-enabled Databases Working Group helped develop the survey which is the basis for an internal report. While the report was for internal use, the survey and resulting data may be generally useful and are being released publicly. From October 24 to November 8, 2016 we administered a 17-question survey (Appendix A) by emailing a Survey Monkey link to all ARS Research Leaders, intending to cover data storage needs of all 1,675 SY (Category 1 and Category 4) scientists. We designed the survey to accommodate either individual researcher responses or group responses. Research Leaders could decide, based on their unit's practices or their management preferences, whether to delegate response to a data management expert in their unit, to all members of their unit, or to themselves collate responses from their unit before reporting in the survey. Larger storage ranges cover vastly different amounts of data so the implications here could be significant depending on whether the true amount is at the lower or higher end of the range. Therefore, we requested more detail from "Big Data users," those 47 respondents who indicated they had more than 10 to 100 TB or over 100 TB total current data (Q5). All other respondents are called "Small Data users." Because not all of these follow-up requests were successful, we used actual follow-up responses to estimate likely responses for those who did not respond. We defined active data as data that would be used within the next six months. All other data would be considered inactive, or archival. To calculate per person storage needs we used the high end of the reported range divided by 1 for an individual response, or by G, the number of individuals in a group response. For Big Data users we used the actual reported values or estimated likely values. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Appendix A: ARS data storage survey questions. File Name: Appendix A.pdfResource Description: The full list of questions asked with the possible responses. The survey was not administered using this PDF but the PDF was generated directly from the administered survey using the Print option under Design Survey. Asterisked questions were required. A list of Research Units and their associated codes was provided in a drop down not shown here. Resource Software Recommended: Adobe Acrobat,url: https://get.adobe.com/reader/ Resource Title: CSV of Responses from ARS Researcher Data Storage Survey. File Name: Machine-readable survey response data.csvResource Description: CSV file includes raw responses from the administered survey, as downloaded unfiltered from Survey Monkey, including incomplete responses. Also includes additional classification and calculations to support analysis. Individual email addresses and IP addresses have been removed. This information is that same data as in the Excel spreadsheet (also provided).Resource Title: Responses from ARS Researcher Data Storage Survey. File Name: Data Storage Survey Data for public release.xlsxResource Description: MS Excel worksheet that Includes raw responses from the administered survey, as downloaded unfiltered from Survey Monkey, including incomplete responses. Also includes additional classification and calculations to support analysis. Individual email addresses and IP addresses have been removed.Resource Software Recommended: Microsoft Excel,url: https://products.office.com/en-us/excel
Facebook
TwitterAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
Data sheet for published paper.
Facebook
TwitterExcel spreadsheets by species (4 letter code is abbreviation for genus and species used in study, year 2010 or 2011 is year data collected, SH indicates data for Science Hub, date is date of file preparation). The data in a file are described in a read me file which is the first worksheet in each file. Each row in a species spreadsheet is for one plot (plant). The data themselves are in the data worksheet. One file includes a read me description of the column in the date set for chemical analysis. In this file one row is an herbicide treatment and sample for chemical analysis (if taken). This dataset is associated with the following publication: Olszyk , D., T. Pfleeger, T. Shiroyama, M. Blakely-Smith, E. Lee , and M. Plocher. Plant reproduction is altered by simulated herbicide drift toconstructed plant communities. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL, USA, 36(10): 2799-2813, (2017).
Facebook
TwitterThe document has two sheets (3) fixed to one another in a book form using a seam (5). One part of the document is arranged above and/or inside the seam and other part of the document is arranged above the former part and/or inside part of adjacent area of the sheet that is arranged inside the seam. Security information stems from the parts of the document. The sheet arranged under the seam consists of plastic or cotton material. An independent claim is also included for a procedure for the production of valuable and security documents.
Facebook
TwitterAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
Classification systems can be an important tool for identifying and quantifying the importance of relationships, assessing spatial patterns in a standardized way, and forecasting alternative decision scenarios to characterize the potential benefits (e.g., ecosystem services) from ecosystem restoration that improve human health and well-being. We present a top-down approach that systematically leverages ecosystem services classification systems to identify potential services relevant for ecosystem restoration decisions. We demonstrate this approach using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s National Ecosystem Service Classification System Plus (NESCS Plus) to identify those ecosystem services that are relevant to restoration of tidal wetlands. We selected tidal wetland management documents from federal agencies, state agencies, wetland conservation organizations, and land stewards across three regions of the continental United States (northern Gulf of Mexico, Mid-Atlantic, and Pacific Northwest) to examine regional and organizational differences in identified potential benefits of tidal wetland restoration activities and the potential user groups who may benefit. We used an automated document analysis to quantify the frequencies at which different wetland types were mentioned in the management documents along with their associated beneficiary groups and the ecological end products (EEPs) those beneficiaries care about, as defined by NESCS Plus. Results showed that a top combination across all three regions, all four organizations, and all four tidal wetland types was the EEP naturalness paired with the beneficiary people who care (existence). Overall, the Mid-Atlantic region and the land steward organizations mentioned ecosystem services more than the others, and EEPs were mentioned in combination with tidal wetlands as a high-level, more general category than the other more specific tidal wetland types. Certain regional and organizations differences were statistically significant. Those results may be useful in identifying ecosystem services-related goals for tidal wetland restoration. This approach for identifying and comparing ecosystem service priorities is broadly transferrable to other ecosystems or decision-making contexts.
Facebook
TwitterBusinees License Dataset Information Sheet
Facebook
Twitterhttps://dataintelo.com/privacy-and-policyhttps://dataintelo.com/privacy-and-policy
According to our latest research, the global Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Authoring Software market size reached USD 1.37 billion in 2024, driven by stringent regulatory compliance requirements and the growing complexity of chemical management across industries. The market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 7.8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching a forecasted value of USD 2.68 billion by 2033. This robust growth is primarily attributed to the increasing adoption of digital solutions for safety documentation, growing awareness regarding workplace safety, and the expanding footprint of industries such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing globally.
One of the primary growth factors for the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Authoring Software market is the intensification of regulatory frameworks worldwide. Governments and international agencies such as OSHA, REACH, and GHS are mandating strict adherence to safety data sheet standards, compelling organizations to adopt advanced authoring solutions. These regulations are evolving rapidly, requiring companies to update their documentation frequently and ensure accuracy in hazard communication. The ability of SDS authoring software to automate compliance, streamline updates, and provide multi-lingual, globally harmonized documentation is a decisive factor propelling market expansion. As regulatory scrutiny grows, businesses are increasingly investing in robust software solutions to mitigate risks, avoid penalties, and maintain operational transparency.
Another significant driver is the digital transformation sweeping across the industrial landscape. As enterprises modernize their operations, the demand for integrated EHS (Environment, Health, and Safety) platforms is surging, with SDS authoring software playing a pivotal role. These platforms offer seamless integration with supply chain management, inventory control, and risk assessment tools, enhancing overall operational efficiency. The adoption of cloud-based SDS authoring solutions further accelerates this trend by enabling real-time collaboration, centralized data management, and remote accessibility. Additionally, the rise of Industry 4.0 and the proliferation of IoT devices in manufacturing and processing plants are fostering the need for dynamic, data-driven safety documentation, fueling further market growth.
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Authoring Software market is also benefiting from heightened corporate focus on sustainability and social responsibility. Companies are under increasing pressure to demonstrate proactive risk management and transparent chemical safety practices to stakeholders, customers, and regulatory bodies. SDS authoring software enables organizations to efficiently document and communicate hazards, facilitate employee training, and ensure safe handling, storage, and disposal of chemicals. This not only enhances corporate reputation but also minimizes liabilities and fosters a culture of safety. As ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria gain prominence in investment decisions, the adoption of advanced SDS authoring solutions is expected to rise further, supporting long-term market growth.
From a regional perspective, North America continues to lead the global SDS Authoring Software market, accounting for over 38% of the total revenue in 2024. The region's dominance is underpinned by a mature industrial base, rigorous regulatory environment, and high digital adoption rates. Europe follows closely, driven by stringent REACH regulations and a strong focus on occupational health and safety. The Asia Pacific region is emerging as the fastest-growing market, with a projected CAGR of 9.2% through 2033, fueled by rapid industrialization, expanding manufacturing sectors, and increasing regulatory awareness in countries such as China, India, and Japan. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing steady growth, supported by evolving compliance requirements and rising investments in industrial safety infrastructure.
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Authoring Software market is segmented by component into software and services, each playing a distinct yet complementary role in the ecosystem. The software segment, which includes standalone authoring tools and integrated EHS platforms, accounted for the largest share in 2024. This dominance is attributable to the increasing demand for
Facebook
TwitterQuestion 1.2.1a: Does the government publicly disclose data on the volume of extractive resource production?, 1.4.2a: Does the government publicly disclose how much revenue it receives from the SOE?, 1.2.8b: How up-to-date is the data contained in the country's most recent EITI report?
Facebook
Twitterhttps://choosealicense.com/licenses/gpl-2.0/https://choosealicense.com/licenses/gpl-2.0/
Safety Data Sheets Gloves Classification
This dataset contains Safety Data Sheets (SDS) sourced from Kaggle, consisting of over 200,000 documents. SDS are detailed documents providing essential information on the properties and hazards of chemicals, ensuring user safety and compliance with regulatory standards. A subset of these documents was pre-processed, cleaned, and annotated to classify whether protective gloves are required when handling materials. The labels were extracted… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/BASF-AI/SDS-Gloves-Classification.
Facebook
Twitterhttps://www.wiseguyreports.com/pages/privacy-policyhttps://www.wiseguyreports.com/pages/privacy-policy
| BASE YEAR | 2024 |
| HISTORICAL DATA | 2019 - 2023 |
| REGIONS COVERED | North America, Europe, APAC, South America, MEA |
| REPORT COVERAGE | Revenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends |
| MARKET SIZE 2024 | 1206.3(USD Million) |
| MARKET SIZE 2025 | 1345.1(USD Million) |
| MARKET SIZE 2035 | 4000.0(USD Million) |
| SEGMENTS COVERED | Deployment Type, End User, Features, Company Size, Regional |
| COUNTRIES COVERED | US, Canada, Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Spain, Rest of Europe, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Rest of APAC, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Rest of South America, GCC, South Africa, Rest of MEA |
| KEY MARKET DYNAMICS | Regulatory compliance requirements, Increasing workplace safety awareness, Technological advancements in software, Growing demand for automation, Integration with existing systems |
| MARKET FORECAST UNITS | USD Million |
| KEY COMPANIES PROFILED | SAP, MSDSonline, Vector Solutions, Hazard Communication, 3E Company, Actio, Microsoft, Enviance, Chemwatch, ProcessPro, IHS Markit, Sphera, SafetySync, IBM, Verisk, Sitehawk |
| MARKET FORECAST PERIOD | 2025 - 2035 |
| KEY MARKET OPPORTUNITIES | Increasing regulatory compliance needs, Growing demand for cloud-based solutions, Enhanced integration with existing systems, Rising awareness of workplace safety, Expansion in emerging markets |
| COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR) | 11.5% (2025 - 2035) |
Facebook
TwitterA Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a digital file consisting of a grid of regularly spaced points of known height which, when used with other digital data such as maps or orthophotographs, can provide a 3D image of the land surface. This download contains OSNI 10k sheet numbers 151-200.This is a large dataset and will take sometime to download. Please be patient. This service is published for OpenData. By download or use of this dataset you agree to abide by the LPS Open Government Data Licence.Please Note for Open Data NI Users: Esri Rest API is not Broken, it will not open on its own in a Web Browser but can be copied and used in Desktop and Webmaps
Facebook
Twitterhttps://dataintelo.com/privacy-and-policyhttps://dataintelo.com/privacy-and-policy
According to our latest research, the global SDS Sheet Protector market size was valued at USD 1.47 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 2.36 billion by 2033, growing at a robust CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period. The significant growth in the market is primarily driven by the increasing emphasis on workplace safety regulations and the need for efficient document management in hazardous environments. The growing demand for reliable and durable SDS (Safety Data Sheet) protection solutions across industries such as chemicals, healthcare, and manufacturing is further fueling market expansion.
A key growth factor for the SDS Sheet Protector market is the rising stringency of occupational safety and health regulations across the globe. Regulatory bodies such as OSHA, REACH, and GHS mandate the proper handling, storage, and accessibility of safety data sheets, which has led organizations to invest in high-quality sheet protectors to ensure compliance. This regulatory pressure is particularly pronounced in industries handling hazardous chemicals, where the integrity and legibility of safety documentation are paramount. The increasing awareness about employee safety and the legal repercussions of non-compliance are compelling companies to adopt advanced SDS sheet protection solutions, thereby driving market growth.
Another notable driver is the technological advancements in material science, leading to the development of more robust and versatile SDS sheet protectors. Manufacturers are increasingly utilizing high-grade plastics, such as polypropylene, to produce sheet protectors that are not only resistant to chemicals and tearing but also offer enhanced clarity and longevity. These innovations have expanded the application scope of SDS sheet protectors beyond traditional industries, finding relevance in laboratories, educational institutions, and healthcare environments. The shift towards eco-friendly and recyclable materials is also gaining traction, aligning with global sustainability trends and further stimulating market demand.
The rapid digitalization of document management systems, paradoxically, has also contributed to the growth of the SDS Sheet Protector market. While digital records are becoming more prevalent, physical documentation remains a regulatory requirement in many jurisdictions, especially for safety-critical information. The need to safeguard these documents from environmental damage, spills, and frequent handling has underscored the importance of durable sheet protectors. Additionally, the expansion of manufacturing and laboratory infrastructures in emerging economies is creating new opportunities for market players, as these sectors prioritize safety and compliance in their operations.
From a regional perspective, North America currently leads the SDS Sheet Protector market, accounting for the largest share due to its mature industrial base and stringent regulatory framework. However, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period, propelled by rapid industrialization and increasing adoption of safety practices in countries such as China, India, and Southeast Asia. Europe remains a significant market owing to its strong chemical and pharmaceutical sectors, while Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually catching up as awareness and regulatory enforcement improve.
The SDS Sheet Protector market is segmented by product type into Plastic SDS Sheet Protectors, Polypropylene SDS Sheet Protectors, Heavy-Duty SDS Sheet Protectors, and Others. Plastic SDS sheet protectors, being the most widely used, dominate the market due to their affordability, availability, and satisfactory protection against moisture and dust. These protectors are commonly utilized in environments where budget constraints are a concern but basic protection is necessary. However, their limited resistance to harsh chemicals and physical damage has prompted the development of superior alternatives, particularly for high-risk industrial settings.
Polypropylene SDS sheet protectors have gained significant traction in recent years, attributed to their enhanced chemical resistance, durability, and clarity. Polypropylene is inherently inert to most chemicals, making these protectors ideal for laboratories and chemical plants where exposure to corrosive
Facebook
TwitterLa Grande Thermal Data Field Sheets. Egi Reference Number Gl05111
Facebook
Twitter
According to our latest research, the global SDS Sheet Protector market size reached USD 1.34 billion in 2024, reflecting robust demand across various industries. The market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 2.23 billion by 2033. This steady growth is driven by increased regulatory compliance requirements, heightened workplace safety awareness, and the rising need for efficient documentation protection in chemical, pharmaceutical, and manufacturing sectors worldwide.
One of the primary growth factors for the SDS Sheet Protector market is the stringent regulatory environment governing hazardous materials and chemical handling. Globally, organizations are required to maintain and display Safety Data Sheets (SDS) to ensure the safe storage, handling, and disposal of hazardous substances. The increasing adoption of safety protocols in industries such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing has led to a surge in demand for robust SDS sheet protectors that can withstand harsh environments, prevent document degradation, and facilitate easy access during audits or emergencies. Furthermore, as regulatory bodies like OSHA and REACH continue to update compliance standards, companies are investing more in reliable protective solutions, thus fueling market growth.
Another significant driver is the technological advancement and material innovation within the SDS sheet protector segment. Manufacturers are continually developing new products using advanced polymers and eco-friendly materials such as polypropylene and vinyl, which offer superior durability, chemical resistance, and clarity compared to traditional plastic protectors. These innovations not only extend the lifespan of important documents but also align with global sustainability goals, attracting environmentally conscious organizations. Additionally, the integration of anti-static, waterproof, and UV-resistant features in modern SDS sheet protectors enhances their utility in challenging industrial environments, further boosting their adoption across multiple end-user segments.
The expansion of distribution channels, particularly the growth of e-commerce platforms, has also played a pivotal role in the market’s development. The convenience of online procurement, coupled with the availability of a wider variety of product options, has made it easier for businesses of all sizes to access high-quality SDS sheet protectors. Furthermore, the rise of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies has contributed to increased market penetration, as these businesses strive to meet international safety standards and improve operational efficiency. The combination of regulatory pressure, technological innovation, and enhanced distribution capabilities has created a dynamic and rapidly evolving market landscape.
Regionally, Asia Pacific stands out as the fastest-growing market for SDS sheet protectors, driven by rapid industrialization, increasing foreign direct investment, and the implementation of stricter workplace safety regulations in countries such as China, India, and Southeast Asian nations. North America and Europe continue to dominate in terms of market share, owing to their mature regulatory frameworks and high awareness levels regarding occupational safety. However, the Middle East & Africa and Latin America are witnessing steady growth as local industries modernize and align with global best practices. This regional diversification underscores the global relevance and necessity of SDS sheet protectors across a wide array of industries and applications.
The SDS Sheet Protector market is segmented by product type into Plastic SDS Sheet Protectors, Polypropylene SDS Sheet Protectors, Vinyl SDS Sheet Protectors, and others. Plastic SDS sheet protectors have traditionally dominated the market due to their affordability, widespread availability, and general versatility. These protectors are favored by or
Facebook
Twitterhttps://sitemate.com/resources/terms-of-service/https://sitemate.com/resources/terms-of-service/
A well structured and professional Material Safety Data Sheet Template or MSDS for short, which can be used to store details about specific hazardous checmicals and materials. These sheets are critical for safety across all industries, including construction, cleaning, facilities management and more.