A graphic that displays the dollar performance against other currencies reveals that economic developments had mixed results on currency exchanges. The third quarter of 2023 marked a period of disinflation in the euro area, while China's projected growth was projected to go up. The United States economy was said to have a relatively strong performance in Q3 2023, although growing capital market interest rate and the resumption of student loan repayments might dampen this growth at the end of 2023. A relatively weak Japanese yen Q3 2023 saw pressure from investors towards Japanese authorities on how they would respond to the situation surrounding the Japanese yen. The USD/JPY rate was close to ***, whereas analysts suspected it should be around ** given the country's purchase power parity. The main reason for this disparity is said to be the differences in central bank interest rates between the United States, the euro area, and Japan. Any future aggressive changes from, especially the U.S. Fed might lower those differences. Financial markets responded somewhat disappoint when Japan did not announce major plans to tackle the situation. Potential rent decreases in 2024 Central bank rates peak in 2023, although it is expected that some of these will decline in early 2024. That said, analysts expect overall policies will remain restrictive. For example, the Bank of England's interest rate remained unchanged at **** percent in Q3 2023. It is believed the United Kingdom's central bank will ease its interest rate in 2024 but less than either the U.S. Fed or the European Central Bank. This should be a positive development for the pound compared to either the euro or the dollar.

International currencies play important roles as foreign exchange reserves but are also most frequently used to denominate corporate and government bonds, bank loans, and import and export invoices. These currencies offer unrivaled liquidity, constituting large shares of the volume on global foreign exchange markets, and are commonly chosen as the anchors targeted by countries with pegged or managed exchange rate regimes. We provide evidence suggesting a recent rise in the use of the dollar, and fall of the use of the euro, with similar patterns manifesting across all these aspects of international currency use.

The EUR/USD exchange rate fell to 1.1599 on July 15, 2025, down 0.56% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD has strengthened 0.33%, and is up by 6.40% over the last 12 months. Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Real Broad Dollar Index (RTWEXBGS) from Jan 2006 to Jun 2025 about trade-weighted, broad, goods, services, real, indexes, and USA.

The data examine the way in which exchange rate indexes are constructed and some factors that might account for the contrasting views of the dollar.

The USD/CAD exchange rate rose to 1.3704 on July 14, 2025, up 0.13% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Canadian Dollar has weakened 0.98%, and is down by 0.20% over the last 12 months. Canadian Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

When converted to the value of one US dollar in 2020, goods and services that cost one dollar in 1700 would cost just over 63 dollars in 2020, this means that one dollar in 1700 was worth approximately 63 times more than it is today. This data can be used to calculate how much goods and services from the years shown would cost today, by multiplying the price from then by the number shown in the graph. For example, an item that cost 50 dollars in 1970 would theoretically cost 335.5 US dollars in 2020 (50 x 6.71 = 335.5), although it is important to remember that the prices of individual goods and services inflate at different rates than currency, therefore this graph must only be used as a guide.

Graph and download economic data for Canadian Dollars to U.S. Dollar Spot Exchange Rate (DEXCAUS) from 1971-01-04 to 2025-07-11 about Canada, exchange rate, currency, rate, and USA.

The euro-to-dollar exchange rate fluctuated significantly in 2022, reaching its lowest recorded value since 2008 during that time. Figures were different later in the year, however, with a rate of 1.13 USD recorded at the end of May 2, 2025. The average (standardized) measure is based on the calculation of many observations throughout the period in question. It is therefore different from an annual measure at a point, which reflects concrete values as of end of the year. Establishment The euro, which was established in 1992, introduced in non-physical form in 1999 and finally rolled out in 2002, is used by 19 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of 19 countries is otherwise known as the eurozone or euro area. By 2018, the total value of euro currency in circulation was almost 1.2 trillion euros, or over 3.4 thousand euros per capita. Euro to USD Between 2001 and 2008, the average annual exchange rate of the euro to the U.S. dollar noted a steep increase. In 2008, the euro to U.S. dollar annual average exchange rate was equal to 1.47, which meant that one euro could buy 1.47 U.S. dollars. By 2019, this value had decreased overall, to a value of 1.12 which meant that one euro could buy 1.12 U.S. dollars. Similar dynamics in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate were also reflected in the monthly exchange rate recently.

The AUD/USD exchange rate rose to 0.6566 on July 15, 2025, up 0.34% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Australian Dollar has strengthened 0.65%, but it's down by 2.47% over the last 12 months. Australian Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Up to 2020, one U.S. dollar could buy an increasing amount of Brazilian reals, but this trend changed after 2021. As of June 27, 2025, one U.S. dollar was worth approximately 5.49 Brazilian real. Between March 2 and May 28 of 2020, the Brazilian real lost approximately 16 percent of its value in comparison to the U.S. dollar due to the economic and financial recession originated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

This report analyses the exchange rate between the Great British pound (GBP) sterling and the US dollar (USD). Figures are quoted in terms of USD ($) per GBP (£), meaning that a rise in the figure represents a stronger comparative pound. The data is sourced from the Bank of England (BoE) in addition to estimates by IBISWorld, with reference to the conditioning assumptions for the sterling effective exchange rate published by the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR). The figures represent annual averages for each financial year (i.e., April through March). The spot price of the pound sterling in US dollars is determined by the supply and demand of the two currencies, which is in turn predominantly affected by the relative performance of the two economies and differences is monetary policy (i.e., interest rates) and inflation rates. The GBP/USD currency pair is one of the most frequently traded on global foreign exchange markets and, like all money markets, can be relatively volatile. The US dollar is also seen as a "safe-haven" currency, which can also have a significant bearing on the way it trades against other currencies on the global market.

New Zealand ANZ Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: United States Dollar: Annual data was reported at 0.640 NZD/USD in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.630 NZD/USD for 2024. New Zealand ANZ Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: United States Dollar: Annual data is updated yearly, averaging 0.645 NZD/USD from Dec 2018 (Median) to 2025, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.680 NZD/USD in 2021 and a record low of 0.590 NZD/USD in 2023. New Zealand ANZ Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: United States Dollar: Annual data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by ANZ Bank New Zealand. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.M017: Foreign Exchange Rate: Forecast: ANZ Bank Ltd.

As of August 1, 2023, one U.S. dollar could buy 21,021.7 Sierra Leonean leones (SLL), the highest exchange rate among the African currencies. Furthermore, one U.S. dollar corresponded to 758.9 Nigerian naira (NGN), 30.85 Egyptian pounds (EGP), 18.03 South African rand (ZAR), and 9.86 Moroccan dirhams (MAD) as of the same date.

Exchange rates and inflation: a case study of West African countries

Exchange rates can affect a country's inflation rate and the purchasing power of its currency. If a country's currency depreciates significantly, it can lead to higher inflation as the cost of imported goods and services increases. Indeed, the inflation rate in Sierra Leone increased steeply over the past two years. The IMF further estimates that inflation will continue to rise before falling again. This high inflation and other factors also led to the depreciation of the SLL. Furthermore, a regional perspective showed that Nigeria and Liberia faced similar high inflation rates.

Businesses' strategies for tackling inflation

Unfavorable exchange rates negatively impact countries' economies. It does this in various ways, including limiting businesses' ability to grow. Issues such as inflation affect purchasing power and businesses' investment decisions. In 2023, a survey revealed that a substantial number of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) employed various measures to offset the impact of inflation. Approximately 36 percent of these businesses tapped into their personal savings to bolster their operations, while another 32 percent opted to scale down their business activities.

The foreign exchange (Forex) market is a global decentralized market for the trading of currencies. It is the largest financial market in the world, with an average daily trading volume of over $5 trillion. The market size is expected to reach $84 million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 5.83% during the forecast period 2025-2033. Key drivers of the Forex market growth include increasing international trade, rising foreign direct investment, and growing demand for hedging and speculation. The market is also being driven by the increasing use of online trading platforms and the growing popularity of cryptocurrencies. The major players in the Forex market include Deutsche Bank, UBS, JP Morgan, State Street, XTX Markets, Jump Trading, Citi, Bank of New York Mellon, Bank America, and Goldman Sachs. The market is segmented by type (spot Forex, currency swap, outright forward, Forex swaps, Forex options, other types), counterparty (reporting dealers, other financial institutions, non-financial customers), and region (North America, South America, Europe, Middle East & Africa, Asia Pacific). Recent developments include: In November 2023, JP Morgan revealed the introduction of novel FX Warrants denominated in Hong Kong dollars in the Hong Kong market, marking its status as the inaugural issuer in Asia to present FX Warrants featuring CNH/HKD (Chinese Renminbi traded outside Mainland China/Hong Kong dollar) and JPY/HKD (Japanese Yen/Hong Kong dollar) as underlying currency pairs. These fresh FX Warrants are set to commence trading on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange., In October 2023, Deutsche Bank AG finalized its purchase of Numis Corporation Plc. The integration of both brands under the name 'Deutsche Numis' underscores their collective influence and standing in the UK and global markets. 'Deutsche Numis' emerges as a prominent entity in UK investment banking and the preferred advisor for UK-listed companies. This acquisition aligns with Deutsche Bank's Global Hausbank strategy, aiming to become the primary partner for clients in financial services and fostering stronger relationships with corporations throughout the United Kingdom., In June 2023, UBS successfully finalized the acquisition of Credit Suisse, marking a significant achievement. Credit Suisse Group AG has merged into UBS Group AG, forming a unified banking entity.. Key drivers for this market are: International Transactions Driven by Growing Tourism Driving Market Demand, Market Liquidity Impacting the Foreign Exchange Market. Potential restraints include: International Transactions Driven by Growing Tourism Driving Market Demand, Market Liquidity Impacting the Foreign Exchange Market. Notable trends are: FX Swaps is leading the market.

Money Supply M2 in the United States increased to 21942 USD Billion in May from 21862.40 USD Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Postwar trade politics in the US have exhibited intermittent periods of rising industry demands for protection from imports. At present, however, we don’t fully understand why industry demands for protection rise and fall over time. We argue that intermittent protectionism in postwar US has been driven by changes in the real exchange rate. To do so, we incorporate the real exchange rate into a basic model of sectoral trade policy preferences to show how the number of sectors that expect to benefit from protection grows as the real exchange rate appreciates. We test two hypotheses generated from this model: that the number of antidumping and escape clause petitions rises as the dollar strengthens and falls as the dollar weakens. Second, that competitive sectors are more sensitive to exchange rate movements than comparatively disadvantaged and comparatively advantaged sectors. We evaluate these expectations with a Bayesian statistical analysis of data on antidumping and escape clause petitions in the United States between 1974 and 2012. The empirical models provide robust support for the study’s principal hypotheses.

The USD/HKD exchange rate was unchanged at 7.8499 on July 15, 2025. Over the past month, the Hong Kong Dollar has weakened 0.00%, and is down by 0.54% over the last 12 months. Hong Kong Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The dollar and variety store industry has been on a steady upward trajectory, with revenue expanding at a CAGR of 0.8% over the past five years. In 2025, industry revenue will reach $119.2 billion, a notable 2.0% gain from the previous year. This growth has been fueled by strategic product diversification and an appealing value proposition that attracts a broader consumer base. Notably, the introduction of higher-priced items by chains like Dollar Tree has driven up the average ticket size, boosting sales per store. Additionally, these stores have effectively managed inflationary pressures by maintaining competitive pricing while expanding their product offerings, holding profit steady over the period. Over the past five years, the industry has significantly shifted its image and customer base. By expanding product selections to include top-brand and private-label goods, dollar stores have attracted higher-income shoppers seeking value without compromising quality. Strategic store locations in urban areas have made these businesses more accessible and appealing to affluent consumers. Though there was a 1.1% decline in foot traffic, the average transaction amount rose by 2.3%, indicating a shift toward larger purchases per visit. Enhanced e-commerce capabilities through partnerships with platforms like Instacart and DoorDash have bolstered revenue by providing convenient shopping options, allowing dollar stores to compete more effectively with retail giants like Walmart and Amazon. Looking ahead, the industry is poised for continued growth at a CAGR of 1.2% over the next five years. Revenue will climb to $126.4 billion through 2030, driven by private label expansion and strategic forays into underserved areas. By increasing private label penetration, major chains like Dollar Tree and Dollar General are taking advantage of the products’ higher returns. Meanwhile, targeting rural and low-income regions offers new revenue streams with less competition. However, the industry's growth won't be without challenges. Increasing competition from warehouse clubs and supermarkets and potential tariff-related cost pressures will challenge profit. Yet, dollar stores can sustain their momentum by innovating store concepts and expanding product lines to continue capturing a diverse consumer base.

Key information about Nigeria Exchange Rate against USD

• Nigeria Exchange Rate against USD averaged 460.702 (USD/NGN) in May 2023, compared with 460.418 USD/NGN in the previous month.
• Nigeria Exchange Rate against USD data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to May 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 460.702 in May 2023 and a record low of 0.530 in Nov 1980.

CEIC calculates monthly average Exchange Rate against USD from daily average Exchange Rate. Central Bank of Nigeria provides average Exchange Rate against USD. Exchange Rate against USD prior to January 2002 is sourced from the International Monetary Fund.


Key information about Nigeria Exchange Rate against USD

• In the latest reports, Nigeria Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: NIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 12.570 % pa in May 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End) was set at 18.500 % pa in May 2023.