The U.S. dollar was the most common currency in foreign exchange reserves in 2023, comprising more than three times the amount of the euro in global reserves that year. This total peaked in 2015, partly due to the strength of the dollar during the Eurozone crisis. The share of the U.S. dollar has lost since to the Japanese yen and euro, as well as other currencies. Why do foreign exchange reserves matter? When countries with different currencies export goods, they must agree on a currency for payment. As a result, countries hold currency reserves worth trillions of U.S. dollars. After World War II, the U.S. dollar itself became the international currency in the Bretton Woods Agreement and is thus the most common currency for international payments. The United States Treasury is also seen by most as risk-free, giving the country a low-risk premium. For this reason, countries hold U.S. dollars in reserve because the currency holds value relatively well eventually. China and currency reserves Since 2016, the International Monetary Fund has included the Chinese renminbi (yuan) as part of the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) basket. This decision recognized the influence of the renminbi as a reserve currency, particularly in several Asian countries. China also holds significant foreign exchange reserves itself, funded by its large positive trade balance.

The dollar remained a popular reserve currency across multiple regions in the world in 2023, most notably Latin America. A survey held over the course of that year revealed that the USD made up roughly ** percent of reserves in LATAM central banks. This was different in Europe - including non-euro central banks - where nearly **** of reserve assets were assets. The source adds that the renminbi or Chinese yuan were barely held in any region.

Brazil International Reserves: % Share: US Dollar data was reported at 82.300 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 83.500 % for 2016. Brazil International Reserves: % Share: US Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 81.800 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2017, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 90.000 % in 2007 and a record low of 54.600 % in 2004. Brazil International Reserves: % Share: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Monetary – Table BR.KAA018: International Reserves: by Currencies.

Graph and download economic data for Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level (ROWCURQ027S) from Q4 1945 to Q1 2025 about IMA, currency, and assets.

The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the ******-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS will gather in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.

The Currency Composition ofOfficial Foreign Exchange Reserves(COFER) database is managed by the Statistics Department of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The COFER website disseminates end-of-period quarterly data on COFER in the format of statistical aggregates. The currencies identified in COFER are: U.S. dollar, Pound sterling, Japanese yen, Swiss francs, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, and Euro. All other currencies are indistinguishably included in the category of “other currencies.” Prior to the introduction of Euro in 1999,several European currencieswere separately identified in COFER. COFER data are reported to the IMF on a voluntary and confidential basis. COFER data for individual countries are strictly confidential. The data published on this website are aggregates for each currency for three groupings of countries (total,advanced economies, andemerging and developing economies).

International currencies play important roles as foreign exchange reserves but are also most frequently used to denominate corporate and government bonds, bank loans, and import and export invoices. These currencies offer unrivaled liquidity, constituting large shares of the volume on global foreign exchange markets, and are commonly chosen as the anchors targeted by countries with pegged or managed exchange rate regimes. We provide evidence suggesting a recent rise in the use of the dollar, and fall of the use of the euro, with similar patterns manifesting across all these aspects of international currency use.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in Pakistan increased to 18091.10 USD Million in June from 16076.50 USD Million in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

In 2024, the foreign exchange reserves in China decreased by around *** percent. The largest share of the countries forex reserves was compromised of U.S. dollars.

International Reserves: % Share: Canadian Dollar data was reported at 4.500 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.400 % for 2016. International Reserves: % Share: Canadian Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 4.300 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2017, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.100 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2008. International Reserves: % Share: Canadian Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Monetary – Table BR.KAA018: International Reserves: by Currencies.

In financial year 2024, the value of foreign exchange reserves in India stood at around *** billion U.S. dollars. This was a significant increase from the previous year. In fiscal year 2023, the value of foreign exchange reserve stood at around *** billion dollars.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in India decreased to 695490 USD Million in July 18 from 696670 USD Million in the previous week. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - India Foreign Exchange Reserves - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

In 2024, the total reserves in Indonesia increased by 2.8 billion U.S. dollars (+1.91 percent) compared to 2023. With 149.12 billion U.S. dollars, the total reserves thereby reached their highest value in the observed period. Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of International Monetary Fund (IMF) members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.Find more statistics on other topics about Indonesia with key insights such as personal remittances received, gross capital formation, and gross savings as a share of the GDP.

The total reserves in the Philippines amounted to ************* U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 1960 and 2024, the total reserves rose by ************* U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend.

The total reserves in Singapore increased by 5.7 billion U.S. dollars (+1.58 percent) in 2024 in comparison to the previous year. In total, the total reserves amounted to 365.49 billion U.S. dollars in 2024. Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of International Monetary Fund (IMF) members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.Find more statistics on other topics about Singapore with key insights such as external trade in goods and services as a share of gross domestic product, gross capital formation, and annual growth of gross capital formation.

International Reserves: % Share: US Dollar在2017达82.300 %，相较于2016的83.500 %有所下降。International Reserves: % Share: US Dollar数据按每年更新，2003至2017期间平均值为81.800 %，共15份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2007，达90.000 %，而历史最低值则出现于2004，为54.600 %。CEIC提供的International Reserves: % Share: US Dollar数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Central Bank of Brazil，数据归类于Brazil Premium Database的Monetary – Table BR.KAA018: International Reserves: by Currencies。

In 2023, there were a total of **** billion U.S. dollar notes in circulation, roughly *** million more than in the previous year. Of these, **** billion were 100-dollar bills, which had the highest volume in circulation. This was followed by the one-dollar bill, with **** billion in circulation. During the observed period, the largest increase in the volume of currency in circulation occurred in 2020, as part of the quantitative easing measures introduced by the Federal Reserve.

International Reserves: % Share: Australian Dollar在2017达2.900 %，相较于2016的2.600 %有所增长。International Reserves: % Share: Australian Dollar数据按每年更新，2003至2017期间平均值为2.600 %，共15份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2011，达3.100 %，而历史最低值则出现于2008，为0.000 %。CEIC提供的International Reserves: % Share: Australian Dollar数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Central Bank of Brazil，数据归类于Brazil Premium Database的Monetary – Table BR.KAA018: International Reserves: by Currencies。

Prices for DXY Dollar Index including live quotes, historical charts and news. DXY Dollar Index was last updated by Trading Economics this July 31 of 2025.

In 2022, the United Kingdom had by far the largest OTC (over the counter) foreign exchange (forex) market, with an average daily turnover of around *** trillion U.S. dollars. Of this, the vast majority was due to various kinds of forex derivatives, with swaps being the most common forex instrument traded. Standard spot transactions, where two currencies are exchanged at an agreed price within two days and without a contact, only accounted for roughly *** trillion U.S. dollars of the total average daily turnover.