United States Spot Exchange Rate: Canadian Dollar to US Dollar data was reported at 1.300 CAD/USD in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.303 CAD/USD for Sep 2018. United States Spot Exchange Rate: Canadian Dollar to US Dollar data is updated monthly, averaging 1.211 CAD/USD from Jan 1971 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 574 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.600 CAD/USD in Jan 2002 and a record low of 0.955 CAD/USD in Jul 2011. United States Spot Exchange Rate: Canadian Dollar to US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M015: Spot Exchange Rate.

United States Spot Exchange Rate: US Dollar to Irish Punt data was reported at 1.443 USD/IEP in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.459 USD/IEP for Oct 2018. United States Spot Exchange Rate: US Dollar to Irish Punt data is updated monthly, averaging 1.583 USD/IEP from Jan 1971 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 575 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.618 USD/IEP in Mar 1972 and a record low of 0.942 USD/IEP in Feb 1985. United States Spot Exchange Rate: US Dollar to Irish Punt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M015: Spot Exchange Rate.

Comprehensive dataset of 306 Dollar stores in State of São Paulo, Brazil as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

India Foreign Exchange Rate: Export Good: US Dollar data was reported at 71.250 INR/USD in 20 Nov 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 71.250 INR/USD for 19 Nov 2018. India Foreign Exchange Rate: Export Good: US Dollar data is updated daily, averaging 61.950 INR/USD from Feb 2011 (Median) to 20 Nov 2018, with 2850 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 73.000 INR/USD in 15 Nov 2018 and a record low of 43.900 INR/USD in 31 Aug 2011. India Foreign Exchange Rate: Export Good: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table IN.MC005: Foreign Exchange Rate: Export Good.

United States US: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data was reported at 1.000 USD/USD in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.000 USD/USD for 2016. United States US: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data is updated yearly, averaging 1.000 USD/USD from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.000 USD/USD in 2017 and a record low of 1.000 USD/USD in 2017. United States US: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Exchange Rates and Real Effective Exchange Rates. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.; ;

Abstract In the international context of intensifying rivalries among great powers, the international monetary system, based on the dollar and globalized in the post-Cold War era, has been questioned and tackled. The aim of this paper is to analyze: the origins and how this system works; the US monetary and financial power, expressed by the US’s huge funding and spending capacity; and the most recent reactions from other countries in order to de-dollarize the international economy. It is concluded that the United States has built a system of global taxation based on the dollar; in addition, some recent initiatives of de-dollarization have attacked the bases of US monetary diplomacy since the Second World War.

Yemen Foreign Exchange Rate: CBY: End of Period: Sell: US Dollar data was reported at 250.500 YER/USD in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 250.500 YER/USD for 2016. Yemen Foreign Exchange Rate: CBY: End of Period: Sell: US Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 199.900 YER/USD from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2017, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 250.500 YER/USD in 2017 and a record low of 141.920 YER/USD in 1998. Yemen Foreign Exchange Rate: CBY: End of Period: Sell: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Yemen. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Yemen – Table YE.M007: Foreign Exchange Rates: Annual.

Foreign Exchange Rate: Bank of Israel (BOI): End of Period: US Dollar data was reported at 3.637 USD/ILS in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.718 USD/ILS for Mar 2025. Foreign Exchange Rate: Bank of Israel (BOI): End of Period: US Dollar data is updated monthly, averaging 3.249 USD/ILS from Jan 1970 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 664 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.916 USD/ILS in May 2002 and a record low of 0.000 USD/ILS in Oct 1974. Foreign Exchange Rate: Bank of Israel (BOI): End of Period: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Israel. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.M011: Foreign Exchange Rate.

Madagascar MG: GDP: USD data was reported at 11.500 USD bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 10.001 USD bn for 2016. Madagascar MG: GDP: USD data is updated yearly, averaging 3.209 USD bn from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.500 USD bn in 2017 and a record low of 673.082 USD mn in 1960. Madagascar MG: GDP: USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Madagascar – Table MG.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Gap-filled total;

Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data was reported at 5.793 USD/EUR in May 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.846 USD/EUR for Apr 2025. Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data is updated monthly, averaging 5.644 USD/EUR from Jan 1987 (Median) to May 2025, with 461 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.688 USD/EUR in Oct 2000 and a record low of 4.161 USD/EUR in Jul 2008. Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.GEM: Foreign Exchange Rates. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).

Laos LA: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data was reported at 8,351.526 LAK/USD in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,179.268 LAK/USD for 2016. Laos LA: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data is updated yearly, averaging 651.042 LAK/USD from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10,655.167 LAK/USD in 2005 and a record low of 10.000 LAK/USD in 1980. Laos LA: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Laos – Table LA.World Bank.WDI: Exchange Rates and Real Effective Exchange Rates. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.; ;

Foreign Exchange Rate: Bank of Mexico: Trinidad &Tobago Dollar data was reported at 2.870 MXN/TTD in Mar 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.854 MXN/TTD for Feb 2019. Foreign Exchange Rate: Bank of Mexico: Trinidad &Tobago Dollar data is updated monthly, averaging 1.929 MXN/TTD from Jan 2000 (Median) to Mar 2019, with 231 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.087 MXN/TTD in Dec 2016 and a record low of 0.144 MXN/TTD in Sep 2001. Foreign Exchange Rate: Bank of Mexico: Trinidad &Tobago Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Mexico. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.M005: Foreign Exchange Rates.

Liberia LR: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data was reported at 112.707 USD/USD in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 94.427 USD/USD for 2016. Liberia LR: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data is updated yearly, averaging 46.439 USD/USD from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.707 USD/USD in 2017 and a record low of 1.000 USD/USD in 1973. Liberia LR: Official Exchange Rate: Average: per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Liberia – Table LR.World Bank.WDI: Exchange Rates and Real Effective Exchange Rates. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.; ;

Czech Republic Forex: CNB: New Zealand Dollar data was reported at 12.966 NZD/CZK in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 13.111 NZD/CZK for Mar 2025. Czech Republic Forex: CNB: New Zealand Dollar data is updated monthly, averaging 15.790 NZD/CZK from May 1993 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 384 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22.565 NZD/CZK in May 1997 and a record low of 10.862 NZD/CZK in Nov 2008. Czech Republic Forex: CNB: New Zealand Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Czech National Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Czech Republic – Table CZ.M011: Foreign Exchange Rate.

Bosnia and Herzegovina Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data was reported at 1.810 USD/BAM in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.808 USD/BAM for 2024. Bosnia and Herzegovina Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data is updated yearly, averaging 1.689 USD/BAM from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2025, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.173 USD/BAM in 2001 and a record low of 0.014 USD/BAM in 1995. Bosnia and Herzegovina Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bosnia and Herzegovina – Table BA.World Bank.GEM: Foreign Exchange Rates: Annual. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).

Mexico MX: DEC Alternative Conversion Factor: per USD data was reported at 18.929 MXN/USD in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 18.664 MXN/USD for 2016. Mexico MX: DEC Alternative Conversion Factor: per USD data is updated yearly, averaging 2.367 MXN/USD from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.929 MXN/USD in 2017 and a record low of 0.013 MXN/USD in 1975. Mexico MX: DEC Alternative Conversion Factor: per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.World Bank.WDI: Exchange Rates and Real Effective Exchange Rates. The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, supplemented by World Bank staff estimates.; ; In the WDI database, the DEC alternative conversion factor is used to convert data in local currency units (LCU) into U.S. dollars.

Egypt Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data was reported at 50.659 USD/EGP in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 45.277 USD/EGP for 2024. Egypt Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data is updated yearly, averaging 5.645 USD/EGP from Dec 1987 (Median) to 2025, with 39 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50.659 USD/EGP in 2025 and a record low of 0.700 USD/EGP in 1988. Egypt Official Exchange Rate: Period Average: Local Currency to USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.World Bank.GEM: Foreign Exchange Rates: Annual. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).

Bosnia and Herzegovina Foreign Exchange Rate: CBBH: End of Month: Australian Dollar data was reported at 1.102 AUD/BAM in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.142 AUD/BAM for Mar 2025. Bosnia and Herzegovina Foreign Exchange Rate: CBBH: End of Month: Australian Dollar data is updated monthly, averaging 1.214 AUD/BAM from Jan 1998 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 328 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.676 AUD/BAM in Jul 2012 and a record low of 0.965 AUD/BAM in Dec 2008. Bosnia and Herzegovina Foreign Exchange Rate: CBBH: End of Month: Australian Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bosnia and Herzegovina – Table BA.M004: Foreign Exchange Rates.

Canada CA: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD data was reported at 1.178 USD/CAD in Dec 2026. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.178 USD/CAD for Sep 2026. Canada CA: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD data is updated quarterly, averaging 1.193 USD/CAD from Mar 1961 (Median) to Dec 2026, with 264 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.254 USD/CAD in Sep 2015 and a record low of 0.878 USD/CAD in Mar 1962. Canada CA: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: OECD Member: Quarterly. PPP - Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD

Venezuela Foreign Exchange Rate: DICOM: Bid: Australian Dollar data was reported at 44.231 VES/AUD in 12 Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 43.775 VES/AUD for 11 Sep 2018. Venezuela Foreign Exchange Rate: DICOM: Bid: Australian Dollar data is updated daily, averaging 44.119 VES/AUD from Aug 2018 (Median) to 12 Sep 2018, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44.648 VES/AUD in 27 Aug 2018 and a record low of 43.556 VES/AUD in 23 Aug 2018. Venezuela Foreign Exchange Rate: DICOM: Bid: Australian Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Venezuela. The data is categorized under Daily Database’s Foreign Exchange Rates – Table VE.DX001: Foreign Exchange Reference Rate.