A series of London-wide climate risk maps has been produced to analyse climate exposure and vulnerability across Greater London. These maps were produced by Bloomberg Associates in collaboration with the Greater London Authority to help the GLA and other London-based organisations deliver equitable responses to the impacts of climate change and target resources to support communities at highest risk.

Climate vulnerability relates to people’s exposure to climate impacts like flooding or heatwaves, but also to personal and social factors that affect their ability to cope with and respond to extreme events. High climate risk coincides with areas of income and health inequalities. A series of citywide maps overlays key metrics to identify areas within London that are most exposed to climate impacts with high concentrations of vulnerable populations.

In 2022, Bloomberg Associates updated London’s climate risk maps to include additional data layers at a finer geographic scale (LSOA boundaries). These maps were built upon earlier maps using the Transport for London (Tfl) hexagonal grid (often referred to in this report as the “Hex Grid”). In addition, the map interface was updated to allow users to compare individual data layers to the Overall, Heat and Flooding Climate Risk maps. Users can now also see the specific metrics for each individual LSOA to understand which factors are driving risk throughout the city.

In 2024, Bloomberg Associates further modernized the climate risk maps by updating the social factor layers to employ more recent (2021) census data. In addition, air temperature at the surface was used in place of just surface temperature, as a more accurate assessment of felt heat.

The Mayor is addressing these climate risks and inequalities through the work of the London Recovery Board, which includes projects and programmes to address climate risks and ensure a green recovery from the pandemic. Ambitious policies in the London Environment Strategy and recently published new London Plan are also addressing London’s climate risks.

The data layers at the LSOA level are available here to use in GIS software:

Climate risk scores (overall, heat, and flood): https://cityhall.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=22484ef240624e149735ca1aaa4c9ade#

Social and physical risk variables: https://cityhall.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=bc06d80731f146b393f8631a0f98c213#

"London Tube Highway Map" is a static map created by Travis Ormsby (Master of Geographic Information Sciences). It was awarded a U-Spatial Mapping Prize for Best Graduate Cartography.

Image: Snapshot from the Map of Community Views

https://cdn.datapress.cloud/london/img/dataset/6380de33-cd36-492d-9bb7-435a2cea96ea/_import/Cropped_CommEng_Issues_Detail_Ineq%402x.png" alt="Cropped_CommEng_Issues_Detail_Ineq@2x.png" />

To understand different communities’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, Deputy Mayor for Social Integration, Social Mobility and Community Engagement, Dr Debbie Weekes-Bernard and the GLA Community Engagement Team convened a series of virtual roundtable conversations and community meetings with groups and community leaders between April and September 2020.

These conversations covered a range of complex issues. We heard about the overexposure of Black and Asian Minority Ethnic communities to the pandemic because they often work in frontline roles; the upsurge in hate crime against East and South East Asian Londoners; heightened need for domestic abuse support and better community language translations including specific dialects; the deep impact the virus has had on specific groups such as Somali, Bengali and Pakistani Londoners, particularly because of challenges with housing arrangements; the challenges for families around education for many groups including Gypsy, Roma, Traveller communities; concerns for LGBT+, Younger and Older Londoners; the impact of the Black Lives Matter movement; faith communities having to adapt their services and facing loss of income as a result, and much more. It was clear throughout that grassroots Faith and Community groups have played a crucial role meeting essential needs.

The map of community views does not name specific groups but captures themes that can be addressed at policy level in close partnership with those affected, by recognising the strength of London’s community sector.

21 Roundtables and Community Meetings

250 Civil society and community groups reached

This map is part of the Map and Data Centre Collections, and is available for physical viewing under the call number C33 D03. Explore the item in our Library Catalogue: Collections Permalink Publication Date: 3-1856 Publisher Location: London, Ont. Publisher: George Railton Scale: 16 Chains to an Inch Geographic Area: London (Ont.) Map Type: Drawing Description: Map of the city of London, surveyed and drawn by Sam'l Peters, P.L.S., published by Geo. Railton, for the London Directory, 1856. Physical Size: 43 x 28 cm Notes: Points of interest marked (e.g. courthouse, churches, banks, hotels, industries, wards, etc.). “Samuel Peters Lith., London C.W., March 1856.” Map oriented with north to upper right. Published for the London Directory.

The Mayor is committed to cutting fuel poverty and increasing the energy efficiency of buildings across London. To help target where action is most needed, the Mayor has developed a London Building Stock Model with the UCL Energy Institute. The London Building Stock Model is a database of all the energy and carbon data collected through the Mayor’s energy programmes and policies. It provides a snapshot of all London’s buildings (both domestic and non-domestic) with information on their energy performance certificates as of 2017. More information is available here, and an interactive map is available here. Most of the data from the London Building Stock Model interactive map has been made available through the data extracts below. Please note that the data extracts are based on Ordnance Survey's list of London properties as of 2023. However, as the London Building Stock Model data is from 2017, some of the properties might not have any London Building Stock Model data attached to them. The data contains Ordnance Survey mapping and the data is published under Ordnance Survey's 'presumption to publish'. © Crown copyright and database rights 2023

The London Schools Atlas is an innovative interactive online map of London providing a uniquely detailed and comprehensive picture of London schools, current patterns of attendance and potential future demand for school places across the capital. The Atlas is part of the Mayor's programme of initiatives aimed at driving up standards in education and ensuring there are enough good places for all children in the city. Covering primary and secondary provision, including academies and free schools, the London Schools Atlas for the first time uses data to illustrate current patterns of demand for school places at a pan-London level, rather than within boroughs alone. You can use the atlas at the link below: London Schools Atlas - homepage Download the Data: The files below contain the home location to school matrices used to create the catchment elements of the maps. Please ensure you read the notes page in each file before using the data. School location/attribute information has been sourced from the Edubase database. In addition to the datasets below, the following data sources that are used in the Atlas are also available in the London Datastore: Pan-London School Place Demand data DCLG Indices of Deprivation 2015 London Output Area Classification LOAC 2014 London Schools Atlas datasets can be downloaded from here (format: .zip, size: 5.41MB) 2015 London Schools Atlas datasets can be downloaded from here (format: .zip, size: 7.8 MB)

This dataset is a general representation of parcel mapping used by the City of London. The mapping is derived from assessment and ownership data but is not sanctioned by either MPAC or Teranet. The geospatial accuracy is not to be relied upon and must not be used for building permit applcaitions, engineering designs, detailed planning, development or property use. Use at own risk.

This article describes a methodology for mapping the level of household car ownership for the island of Great Britain, using data from five population Censuses. The basic units of display are ‘Tracts’, which are aggregations of local municipality electoral wards that were in place for each of the three Censuses conducted in 1981, 1991 and 2001. In addition, this article documents the utility of these Tracts to represent a consistent geography across two additional Censuses, those of 1971 and 2011. This analysis enables a consistent and complete picture of changes in car ownership over a 40-year period to be visualised as both geographical maps and cartograms of Great Britain. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of representation are discussed. The paper finishes by providing evidence of a downward trend in car ownership in central London and increasing spatial homogeneity in car ownership through time.

FOCUSON**LONDON**2010:**INCOME**AND**SPENDING**AT**HOME** Household income in London far exceeds that of any other region in the UK. At £900 per week, London’s gross weekly household income is 15 per cent higher than the next highest region. Despite this, the costs to each household are also higher in the capital. Londoners pay a greater amount of their income in tax and national insurance than the UK average as well as footing a higher bill for housing and everyday necessities. All of which leaves London households less well off than the headline figures suggest. This chapter, authored by Richard Walker in the GLA Intelligence Unit, begins with an analysis of income at both individual and household level, before discussing the distribution and sources of income. This is followed by a look at wealth and borrowing and finally, focuses on expenditure including an insight to the cost of housing in London, compared with other regions in the UK. See other reports from this Focus on London series. REPORT: To view the report online click on the image below. Income and Spending Report PDF https://londondatastore-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/fol/fol10-income-cover-thumb1.png" alt="Alt text"> PRESENTATION: This interactive presentation finds the answer to the question, who really is better off, an average London or UK household? This analysis takes into account available data from all types of income and expenditure. Click on the link to access. PREZI The Prezi in plain text version RANKINGS: https://londondatastore-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/fol/fol10-income-tableau-chart-thumb.jpg" alt="Alt text"> This interactive chart shows some key borough level income and expenditure data. This chart helps show the relationships between five datasets. Users can rank each of the indicators in turn. Borough rankings Tableau Chart MAP: These interactive borough maps help to geographically present a range of income and expenditure data within London. Interactive Maps - Instant Atlas DATA: All the data contained within the Income and Spending at Home report as well as the data used to create the charts and maps can be accessed in this spreadsheet. Report data FACTS: Some interesting facts from the data… ● Five boroughs with the highest median gross weekly pay per person in 2009: -1. Kensington & Chelsea - £809 -2. City of London - £767 -3. Westminster - £675 -4. Wandsworth - £636 -5. Richmond - £623 -32. Brent - £439 -33. Newham - £422 ● Five boroughs with the highest median weekly rent for a 2 bedroom property in October 2010: -1. Kensington & Chelsea - £550 -2. Westminster - £500 -3. City of London - £450 -4. Camden - £375 -5. Islington - £360 -32. Havering - £183 -33. Bexley - £173 ● Five boroughs with the highest percentage of households that own their home outright in 2009: -1. Bexley – 38 per cent -2. Havering – 36 per cent -3. Richmond – 32 per cent -4. Bromley – 31 per cent -5. Barnet – 28 per cent -31. Tower Hamlets – 9 per cent -32. Southwark – 9 per cent

For an urban heat island map during an average summer see this dataset. A heatwave refers to a prolonged period of unusually hot weather. While there is no standard definition of a heatwave in England, the Met Office uses the World Meteorological Organization definition of a heatwave, which is "when the daily maximum temperature of more than five consecutive days exceeds the average maximum temperature by 5°C, the normal period being 1961-1990". They are common in the northern and southern hemisphere during summer have historically been associated with health problems and an increase in mortality. The urban heat island (UHI) is the phenomenon where temperatures are relatively higher in cities compared to surrounding rural areas due to, for example, the urban surfaces and anthropogenic heat sources. This urban heat island map was produced using LondUM, a specific set-up of the Met Office Unified Model version 6.1 for London. It uses the Met Office Reading Surface Exchange Scheme (MORUSES), as well as urban morphology data derived from Virtual London. The model was run from May until September 2006 and December 2006. This map shows average surface temperatures over the summer period of 2006 at a 1km by 1km resolution. To find out more about LondUM, see the University of Reading’s website. The hourly outputs from LondUM have been aggregated and mapped by Jonathon Taylor, UCL Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering. Variables include: WSAVGMAX= the average of the maximum daily temperatures across the summer period (May 26th-August 31st) WSAVG=the average temperature across the summer period WSAVGMIN = the average minimum daily temperature across the summer period HWAVGMAX= the average of the maximum daily temperatures across the 2006 heatwave (July 16th-19th) HWAVG=the average temperature across the across the 2006 heatwave HWAVGMIN = the average minimum daily temperature across 2006 heatwave period The maps are also available as one combined PDF. The gif below maps the temperatures across London during the four-day period of 16-19th July, which was considered a heatwave. If you make use of the LondUM data, please use the following citation to acknowledge the data and reference the publication below for model description: LondUM (2011). Model data generated by Sylvia I. Bohnenstengel (), Department of Meteorology, University of Reading and data retrieved from http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~sws07sib/home/LondUM.html. () Now at Metoffice@Reading, Email: sylvia.bohnenstengel@metoffice.gov.uk Bohnenstengel SI, Evans S, Clark P and Belcher SeE (2011) Simulations of the London Urban Heat island. Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137(659). pp. 1625-1640. ISSN 1477-870X doi 10.1002/qj.855. LondUM data (2013).

Author:Buro HappoldCreation date:November 2024Date of source data harvest:Multiple inputsTemporal coverage of source data:Multiple inputsSpatial Resolution:Lower Super Output Area (LSOA)Geometry:PolygonSource data URL:MultipleData terms of use:Dataset can be shared openly for reuse for non-commercial purposes, with appropriate attribution.Data attribution:- Dataset created by Buro Happold as part of the CIEN & South London sub-regional LAEPs, 2024. Contains data derived from the London Building Stock Model (v2) and Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE).- Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2025.- Office for National Statistics licensed under Open Government Licence v3.0.Workflow Diagram:N/A - Analysis layerComments:The data and analysis developed for the sub-regional LAEP was undertaken using data available at the time and will need to be refined for a full Phase 2 LAEP. Please check here for more detailed background on the data.Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the quality and accuracy of the data, the Greater London Authority is not responsible for any inaccuracies and/or mistakes in the information provided.

This file contains the digital vector boundaries for London Assembly Constituencies in England as at December 2017. The boundaries are generalised (20m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark). Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE View Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/London_Assembly_Constituencies_(Dec_2017)_EN_BGC/MapServerREST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE Feature DownloadService – https://dservices1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/services/London_Assembly_Constituencies_December_2017_EN_BGC/WFSServer?service=wfs&request=getcapabilitiesREST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/London_Assembly_Constituencies_Dec_2017_EN_BGC_2022/FeatureServer

This historical map from the David Rumsey Map Collection is a Composite of) The World on Mercator's projection. Drawn under the direction of Mr. Pinkerton by L. Hebert. Neele sculpt. 352 Strand. London: published ... 1812, by Cadell & Davies, Strand & Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, & Brown, Paternoster Row.A modern atlas, from the latest and best authorities, exhibiting the various divisions of the world, with its chief empires, kingdoms and states, in sixty maps, carefully reduced from the largest and most authentic sources. Directed and superintended by John Pinkerton, author of Modern geography, &c. London: Printed by T. Bensley, Bolt Court, Fleet Street; for T. Cadell and W. Davies, Strand; and Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, And Brown, Paternoster Row. 1815.More information on this historical map...

For an urban heat island map during an average summer see this dataset.

A heatwave refers to a prolonged period of unusually hot weather. While there is no standard definition of a heatwave in England, the Met Office uses the World Meteorological Organization definition of a heatwave, which is "when the daily maximum temperature of more than five consecutive days exceeds the average maximum temperature by 5°C, the normal period being 1961-1990". They are common in the northern and southern hemisphere during summer have historically been associated with health problems and an increase in mortality.

The urban heat island (UHI) is the phenomenon where temperatures are relatively higher in cities compared to surrounding rural areas due to, for example, the urban surfaces and anthropogenic heat sources.

This urban heat island map was produced using LondUM, a specific set-up of the Met Office Unified Model version 6.1 for London. It uses the Met Office Reading Surface Exchange Scheme (MORUSES), as well as urban morphology data derived from Virtual London. The model was run from May until September 2006 and December 2006. This map shows average surface temperatures over the summer period of 2006 at a 1km by 1km resolution. To find out more about LondUM, see the University of Reading’s website.

The hourly outputs from LondUM have been aggregated and mapped by Jonathon Taylor, UCL Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering.

The gif below maps the temperatures across London during the four-day period of 16-19th July, which was considered a heatwave.

If you make use of the LondUM data, please use the following citation to acknowledge the data and reference the publication below for model description:

LondUM (2011). Model data generated by Sylvia I. Bohnenstengel (*), Department of Meteorology, University of Reading and data retrieved from "http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~sws07sib/home/LondUM.html" target="_blank"> http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~sws07sib/home/LondUM.html .

(*) Now at Metoffice@Reading, Email: "mailto:sylvia.bohnenstengel@metoffice.gov.uk" target="_blank"> sylvia.bohnenstengel@metoffice.gov.uk

Bohnenstengel SI, Evans S, Clark P and Belcher SeE (2011) Simulations of the London Urban Heat island. Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137(659). pp. 1625-1640. ISSN 1477-870X doi 10.1002/qj.855. LondUM data (2013).

"https://cdn.datapress.cloud/london/img/dataset/5d232cf8-6ffb-49d9-81c0-c636daf9de14/_import/UHI_Heatwave-2016_hourly.gif" target="_blank"> https://cdn.datapress.cloud/london/img/dataset/5d232cf8-6ffb-49d9-81c0-c636daf9de14/_import/UHI_Heatwave-2016_hourly.gif" alt="gif" />

This file contains the digital vector boundaries for London Assembley Constituencies in England as at December 2018. The boundaries available are: (BFE) Full resolution - extent of the realm (usually this is the Mean Low Water mark but in some cases boundaries extend beyond this to include off shore islands). Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights. Download File Sizes Full resolution - extent of the realm (315 KB) REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE View Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/LAC_(Dec_2018)_Boundaries_EN_BFE/MapServerREST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE Feature DownloadService – https://dservices1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/services/LAC_Dec_2018_Boundaries_EN_BFE/WFSServer?service=wfs&request=getcapabilitiesREST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/LAC_Dec_2018_Boundaries_EN_BFE_2022/FeatureServer

This website provides interactive mapping of outstanding residential mortgage lending by postcode sector across Great Britain, as published by individual banks, via the Council of Mortgage Lenders. This first iteration of the website - published in January 2014 - uses the most recent bank lending data, which covers the period up to the end of June 2013. I hope to update the website with future data releases, if I have the time. The map is coloured so that there are roughly the same number of areas in each category displayed in the key to the right. It's important to remember that this data release covers only seven major lenders and about three quarters of the mortgage market - it is not the full story but it does give us interesting insights that were previously not possible. The release did not include mortgage lending data for Northern Ireland, so that's why it's not included here. I've included a large interactive map on the home page and if you click below that you can see a full screen map. I've also added in some tabs which show postcode sectors in and around London, Glasgow, Manchester and Cardiff but if you want to find somewhere else you can easily pan and zoom to it via the big map.

This map is part of the Map and Data Centre Collections, and is available for physical viewing under the call number C33 D03. Explore the item in our Library Catalogue: Collection Permalink Publication Date: 1878 Publisher Location: London Publisher: Robinson, Macy & Fairbairn, City Engineers Office Scale: 10 chains to 1 inch Geographic Area: London (Ont.) Description: Area of Thames River between Byron at left of page and Wharncliffe Road ("Wharncliff Highway") at right, and Commissioners Road at bottom. Text in upper left corner: "This is one of the Drawings referred to in Our contract dated April 4, 1878." signed Thos. A. Stevens, W. Turner, James Burns, John Carling, Chairman. Physical Size: 91 x 58 cm

This MSOA atlas provides a summary of demographic and related data for each Middle Super Output Area in Greater London. The average population of an MSOA in London in 2010 was 8,346, compared with 1,722 for an LSOA and 13,078 for a ward. The profiles are designed to provide an overview of the population in these small areas by combining a range of data on the population, births, deaths, health, housing, crime, commercial property/floorspace, income, poverty, benefits, land use, environment, deprivation, schools, and employment. If you need to find an MSOA and you know the postcode of the area, the ONS NESS search page has a tool for this. The MSOA Atlas is available as an XLS as well as being presented using InstantAtlas mapping software. This is a useful tool for displaying a large amount of data for numerous geographies, in one place (requires HTML 5). CURRENT MSOA BOUNDARIES (2011) PREVIOUS MSOA BOUNDARIES (2001) NB. It is currently not possible to export the map as a picture due to a software issue with the Google Maps background. We advise you to print screen to copy an image to the clipboard. Tips: - Select a new indicator from the Data box on the left. Select the theme, then indicator and then year to show the data. - To view data just for one borough*, use the filter tool. - The legend settings can be altered by clicking on the pencil icon next to the MSOA tick box within the map legend. - The areas can be ranked in order by clicking at the top of the indicator column of the data table. Themes included here are Census 2011 Population, Mid-year Estimates, Population by Broad Age, Households, Household composition, Ethnic Group, Country of Birth, Language, Religion, Tenure, Dwelling type, Land Area, Population Density, Births, General Fertility Rate, Deaths, Standardised Mortality Ratio (SMR), Population Turnover Rates (per 1000), Crime (numbers), Crime (rates), House Prices, Commercial property (number), Rateable Value (£ per m2), Floorspace; ('000s m2), Household Income, Household Poverty, County Court Judgements (2005), Qualifications, Economic Activity, Employees, Employment, Claimant Count, Pupil Absence, Early Years Foundation Stage, Key Stage 1, GCSE and Equivalent, Health, Air Emissions, Car or Van availability, Income Deprivation, Central Heating, Incidence of Cancer, Life Expectancy, and Road Casualties. The London boroughs are: City of London, Barking and Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Camden, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield, Greenwich, Hackney, Hammersmith and Fulham, Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Islington, Kensington and Chelsea, Kingston upon Thames, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames, Southwark, Sutton, Tower Hamlets, Waltham Forest, Wandsworth, Westminster. These profiles were created using the most up to date information available at the time of collection (Spring 2014). You may also be interested in LSOA Atlas and Ward Atlas.

FOCUSONLONDON2010:INCOMEANDSPENDINGATHOME Household income in London far exceeds that of any other region in the UK. At £900 per week, London’s gross weekly household income is 15 per cent higher than the next highest region. Despite this, the costs to each household are also higher in the capital. Londoners pay a greater amount of their income in tax and national insurance than the UK average as well as footing a higher bill for housing and everyday necessities. All of which leaves London households less well off than the headline figures suggest. This chapter, authored by Richard Walker in the GLA Intelligence Unit, begins with an analysis of income at both individual and household level, before discussing the distribution and sources of income. This is followed by a look at wealth and borrowing and finally, focuses on expenditure including an insight to the cost of housing in London, compared with other regions in the UK. See other reports from this Focus on London series. REPORT: To view the report online click on the image below. Income and Spending Report PDF PRESENTATION: This interactive presentation finds the answer to the question, who really is better off, an average London or UK household? This analysis takes into account available data from all types of income and expenditure. Click on the link to access. PREZI The Prezi in plain text version RANKINGS: This interactive chart shows some key borough level income and expenditure data. This chart helps show the relationships between five datasets. Users can rank each of the indicators in turn. Borough rankings Tableau Chart MAP: These interactive borough maps help to geographically present a range of income and expenditure data within London. Interactive Maps - Instant Atlas DATA: All the data contained within the Income and Spending at Home report as well as the data used to create the charts and maps can be accessed in this spreadsheet. Report data FACTS: Some interesting facts from the data… ● Five boroughs with the highest median gross weekly pay per person in 2009: -1. Kensington & Chelsea - £809 -2. City of London - £767 -3. Westminster - £675 -4. Wandsworth - £636 -5. Richmond - £623 -32. Brent - £439 -33. Newham - £422 ● Five boroughs with the highest median weekly rent for a 2 bedroom property in October 2010: -1. Kensington & Chelsea - £550 -2. Westminster - £500 -3. City of London - £450 -4. Camden - £375 -5. Islington - £360 -32. Havering - £183 -33. Bexley - £173 ● Five boroughs with the highest percentage of households that own their home outright in 2009: -1. Bexley – 38 per cent -2. Havering – 36 per cent -3. Richmond – 32 per cent -4. Bromley – 31 per cent -5. Barnet – 28 per cent -31. Tower Hamlets – 9 per cent -32. Southwark – 9 per cent

This report provides a summary of demographic and related data for each Westminster Parliamentary constituency in Greater London. The profiles are designed to provide an overview of the population in each area by combining a range of data on the population, diversity, households, life expectancy, council tax, crime, household income (paycheck), benefits, land use, education, business and deprivation. All data, relate to people who live in the area, i.e. they are residence-based. The vast majority of data used in these profiles was aggregated from either Lower Super Output Area or Ward level data. Lookup tables are available to download from this page so that users can construct their own constituency data from ward or LSOA datasets. In the PDF version of the report are maps for each area that show both the location of the constituency within London, the wards that make up the constituency, and also borough boundaries. Data in these profiles are available in the following formats: ● Full Briefing as PDF ● Interactive Excel spreadsheet - for the Excel spreadsheet to function as it should, save it to your computer, and when prompted to do so, enable the macros. ● An interactive Excel version that includes maps is also available. ● Instant Atlas interactive maps (requires Flash) The GLA Data Management and Analysis Group (DMAG) has produced these profiles, using the most up to date information available at the time of collection (February 2010). The raw data that was used to create the profiles are also available in both Excel and CSV formats.