In 2019, the highest percentage of females who suffered from intimate partner violence in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region was in Iraq at about **** percent of the females. Within the region, Syria, Libya and Iraq have been suffering from conflict and humanitarian crises.

Afghanistan Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data was reported at 0.000 NA in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 NA for 2018. Afghanistan Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 NA from Mar 2010 (Median) to 2019, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 NA in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 NA in 2019. Afghanistan Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Afghanistan – Table AF.World Bank.WDI: Governance: Policy and Institutions. Legislation exists on domestic violence is whether there is legislation addressing domestic violence: violence between spouses, within the family or members of the same household, or in interpersonal relationships, including intimate partner violence that is subject to criminal sanctions or provides for protection orders for domestic violence, or the legislation addresses “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment” or “harassment” that clearly affects physical or mental health, and it is implied that such behavior is considered domestic violence.; ; World Bank: Women, Business and the Law.; ;

Canada CA: Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data was reported at 1.000 NA in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.000 NA for 2018. Canada CA: Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data is updated yearly, averaging 1.000 NA from Mar 2010 (Median) to 2019, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.000 NA in 2019 and a record low of 1.000 NA in 2019. Canada CA: Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Governance: Policy and Institutions. Legislation exists on domestic violence is whether there is legislation addressing domestic violence: violence between spouses, within the family or members of the same household, or in interpersonal relationships, including intimate partner violence that is subject to criminal sanctions or provides for protection orders for domestic violence, or the legislation addresses “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment” or “harassment” that clearly affects physical or mental health, and it is implied that such behavior is considered domestic violence.; ; World Bank: Women, Business and the Law.; ;

As of 2024, Timor-Leste had the highest prevalence of domestic violence against women in the Asia-Pacific region, with ** percent of women having experienced physical or sexual violence in a partnership before. In contrast, approximately *** percent of women in Singapore had experienced domestic violence as of 2024.

Botswana BW: Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data was reported at 1.000 NA in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.000 NA for 2018. Botswana BW: Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data is updated yearly, averaging 1.000 NA from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2019, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.000 NA in 2019 and a record low of 1.000 NA in 2019. Botswana BW: Legislation Exists on Domestic Violence: 1=Yes; 0=No data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Botswana – Table BW.World Bank.WDI: Governance: Policy and Institutions. Legislation exists on domestic violence is whether there is legislation addressing domestic violence: violence between spouses, within the family or members of the same household, or in interpersonal relationships, including intimate partner violence that is subject to criminal sanctions or provides for protection orders for domestic violence, or the legislation addresses “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment” or “harassment” that clearly affects physical or mental health, and it is implied that such behavior is considered domestic violence.; ; World Bank: Women, Business and the Law.; ;

This statistic presents the share of people who think in selected European countries who think domestic abuse is one of the top three issues facing women as of 2019. According to data published by Ipsos, Serbia had the highest share of people who thought that domestic abuse was one of the most important issues at ** percent of respondents.

How does donor domestic ideology and partisan politics shape the lives of people in aid-dependent countries? In this paper, we study the impact of the United States Mexico City Policy, which—when in place—prohibits the disbursement of United States aid funds to foreign Non-Governmental Organizations that provide information or services related to abortion care. Since its 1984 inception, every Democratic president has rescinded it, while every Republican has reinstated it. While previous global public health studies reveal how the Mexico City Policy has actually increased unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortion rates, we argue that these unintended consequences go further than previously understood. We argue that when women lose access to abortion care, they are more likely to lose their lives and suffer life-changing injuries due to violence by their partners. Using global data on United States aid and the health burden caused by intimate partner violence against women in up to 204 countries and territories between 1993 and 2019, we show that the burden of deaths and disability attributed to intimate partner violence increases by approximately 16 percent when the Mexico City Policy is in place.

Belarus BY: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data was reported at 2.326 Ratio in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.331 Ratio for 2018. Belarus BY: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 5.315 Ratio from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2019, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.002 Ratio in 1998 and a record low of 2.326 Ratio in 2019. Belarus BY: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Belarus – Table BY.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.;UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.;Weighted average;

Anti-social behaviour (ASB) outcomes for disabled people in England and Wales aged 16 and over, with analysis by disability status, country, sex, age, impairment type, type of ASB. Domestic abuse and sexual assault outcomes for disabled people in England and Wales aged 16 to 59 years, with analysis by disability status, age, sex, impairment type, impairment severity, country and region. All outcomes using the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) data.

THIS DATASET WAS LAST UPDATED AT 7:11 AM EASTERN ON DEC. 1

OVERVIEW

2019 had the most mass killings since at least the 1970s, according to the Associated Press/USA TODAY/Northeastern University Mass Killings Database.

In all, there were 45 mass killings, defined as when four or more people are killed excluding the perpetrator. Of those, 33 were mass shootings . This summer was especially violent, with three high-profile public mass shootings occurring in the span of just four weeks, leaving 38 killed and 66 injured.

A total of 229 people died in mass killings in 2019.

The AP's analysis found that more than 50% of the incidents were family annihilations, which is similar to prior years. Although they are far less common, the 9 public mass shootings during the year were the most deadly type of mass murder, resulting in 73 people's deaths, not including the assailants.

One-third of the offenders died at the scene of the killing or soon after, half from suicides.

About this Dataset

The Associated Press/USA TODAY/Northeastern University Mass Killings database tracks all U.S. homicides since 2006 involving four or more people killed (not including the offender) over a short period of time (24 hours) regardless of weapon, location, victim-offender relationship or motive. The database includes information on these and other characteristics concerning the incidents, offenders, and victims.

The AP/USA TODAY/Northeastern database represents the most complete tracking of mass murders by the above definition currently available. Other efforts, such as the Gun Violence Archive or Everytown for Gun Safety may include events that do not meet our criteria, but a review of these sites and others indicates that this database contains every event that matches the definition, including some not tracked by other organizations.

This data will be updated periodically and can be used as an ongoing resource to help cover these events.

Using this Dataset

To get basic counts of incidents of mass killings and mass shootings by year nationwide, use these queries:

Mass killings by year

Mass shootings by year

To get these counts just for your state:

Filter killings by state

Definition of "mass murder"

Mass murder is defined as the intentional killing of four or more victims by any means within a 24-hour period, excluding the deaths of unborn children and the offender(s). The standard of four or more dead was initially set by the FBI.

This definition does not exclude cases based on method (e.g., shootings only), type or motivation (e.g., public only), victim-offender relationship (e.g., strangers only), or number of locations (e.g., one). The time frame of 24 hours was chosen to eliminate conflation with spree killers, who kill multiple victims in quick succession in different locations or incidents, and to satisfy the traditional requirement of occurring in a “single incident.”

Offenders who commit mass murder during a spree (before or after committing additional homicides) are included in the database, and all victims within seven days of the mass murder are included in the victim count. Negligent homicides related to driving under the influence or accidental fires are excluded due to the lack of offender intent. Only incidents occurring within the 50 states and Washington D.C. are considered.

Methodology

Project researchers first identified potential incidents using the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR). Homicide incidents in the SHR were flagged as potential mass murder cases if four or more victims were reported on the same record, and the type of death was murder or non-negligent manslaughter.

Cases were subsequently verified utilizing media accounts, court documents, academic journal articles, books, and local law enforcement records obtained through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. Each data point was corroborated by multiple sources, which were compiled into a single document to assess the quality of information.

In case(s) of contradiction among sources, official law enforcement or court records were used, when available, followed by the most recent media or academic source.

Case information was subsequently compared with every other known mass murder database to ensure reliability and validity. Incidents listed in the SHR that could not be independently verified were excluded from the database.

Project researchers also conducted extensive searches for incidents not reported in the SHR during the time period, utilizing internet search engines, Lexis-Nexis, and Newspapers.com. Search terms include: [number] dead, [number] killed, [number] slain, [number] murdered, [number] homicide, mass murder, mass shooting, massacre, rampage, family killing, familicide, and arson murder. Offender, victim, and location names were also directly searched when available.

This project started at USA TODAY in 2012.

Contacts

Contact AP Data Editor Justin Myers with questions, suggestions or comments about this dataset at jmyers@ap.org. The Northeastern University researcher working with AP and USA TODAY is Professor James Alan Fox, who can be reached at j.fox@northeastern.edu or 617-416-4400.

BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a major global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), that is associated with poor physical and mental health, but its association with breastfeeding practices is understudied. Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) recommend that children initiate breastfeeding within the first hour of birth and be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life. Breastfeeding within the first hour of birth is critical to newborn survival, and exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is recognised to offer significant health benefits to mothers and their infants. We examined the association of maternal exposure to IPV with early initiation of breastfeeding (within 1 hour of birth) and exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months.Methods and findingsWe assessed population-based cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 51 LMICs. Data from the most recent DHS in each country (conducted between January 2000 and January 2019) with data available on IPV and breastfeeding practices were used. By WHO region, 52.9% (27/51) were from Africa, 11.8% (6/51) from the Americas, 7.8% (4/51) from the Eastern Mediterranean, 11.8% (6/51) from Europe, 11.8% (6/51) from South-East Asia, and 3.9% (2/51) from the Western Pacific. We estimated multilevel logistic regression models for any IPV and each type of IPV separately (physical violence, sexual violence, and emotional violence), accounting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. Depending on specification, the sample size varied between 95,320 and 102,318 mother–infant dyads. The mean age of mothers was 27.5 years, and the prevalence of any lifetime exposure to IPV among mothers was 33.3% (27.6% for physical violence, 8.4% for sexual violence, and 16.4% for emotional violence). Mothers exposed to any IPV were less likely to initiate breastfeeding early (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.88 [95% CI 0.85–0.97], p < 0.001) and breastfeed exclusively in the first 6 months (AOR: 0.87 [95% CI 0.82–0.92], p < 0.001). The associations were similar for each type of IPV and were overall consistent across infant’s sex and WHO regions. After simultaneously adjusting for all 3 types of IPV, all 3 types of IPV were independently associated with decreased likelihood of early breastfeeding initiation, but only exposure to physical violence was independently associated with a decreased likelihood of exclusively breastfeeding in the first 6 months. The main limitations of this study included the use of cross-sectional datasets, the possibility of residual confounding of the observed associations by household wealth, and the possibility of underreporting of IPV experiences attenuating the magnitude of observed associations.ConclusionsOur study indicates that mothers exposed to any form of IPV (physical, sexual, or emotional violence) were less likely to initiate breastfeeding early and breastfeed exclusively in the first 6 months. These findings may inform the argument for antenatal screening for IPV in LMICs and the provision of services to not only improve mothers’ safety and well-being, but also support them in adopting recommended breastfeeding practices.

Cuba CU: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data was reported at 4.418 Ratio in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.334 Ratio for 2018. Cuba CU: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 5.475 Ratio from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.276 Ratio in 1994 and a record low of 4.334 Ratio in 2018. Cuba CU: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Cuba – Table CU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.;UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.;Weighted average;

Brazil BR: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data was reported at 22.384 Ratio in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 20.810 Ratio for 2019. Brazil BR: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 26.021 Ratio from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30.593 Ratio in 2017 and a record low of 16.656 Ratio in 1992. Brazil BR: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.;UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.;Weighted average;

Eight out of every 10 women in Morocco has been already subjected to at least one act of violence in their life. In the 12 months preceding the survey done in 2019, ** percent of females aged 15 to 74 years were victims of violence in the country. Furthermore, women between the ages of 15 and 19 years were the most affected (** percent), followed by those aged 25 to 29 years (** percent). Overall, single and divorced women constitute the most vulnerable social group compared to widows and married women.

Abstract

The published data was collected in urban Côte d’Ivoire, specifically in Abidjan, the country’s capital, and Grand-Bassam, the historic capital around 33 km from Abidjan. These surveys were conducted as part of the impact evaluation of the PRO-Jeunes (Pro-Youth) program, a six-year program (2017-2022) implemented by the International Rescue Committee (IRC). The program provides flexible (self-) employment support services to youth aged 15 to 30 years in both rural and urban Côte d’Ivoire. In addition, to be eligible for the PRO-Jeunes program, applicants must be unschooled or have dropped out of school and show proof of identity. The program was designed to accommodate a wide range of beneficiaries’ needs and knowledge levels. While several cohorts were eligible for the program, we currently focus on the first two cohorts.

Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA), a non-profit research and policy organization, was in charge of the implementation of the survey. Enumerators used tablets containing programmed questionnaires on the SurveyCTO platform to collect data.

The publication contains two datasets:

baseline1_noPII: Data collected as part of the baseline survey targeting the first cohort of the PRO-Jeunes program. 1865 individuals participated in a face-to-face interview between February and July 2019.

baseline2_noPII: Data collected as part of the baseline survey targeting the second cohort of the PRO-Jeunes program. 1208 individuals were interviewed through a phone survey between May and September 2020.

KEY VARIABLES

This survey was designed to capture indicators of the following topics:
- Income-Generating activities - Earnings
- Professional projects - Entrepreneurship
- Productive equipment - Savings
- Credit - Expenditures - Aspirations - Socioemotional skills - Reproductive health
- Domestic violence
- Gender attitudes - Network

Geographic coverage

The project targeted geographically two urban areas of Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan and Grand-Bassam. The study sample consists of 3073 youth from Abidjan (85%) and Grand-Bassam (15%)

Analysis unit

The unit of analysis is the questionnaire respondent. In other words, those eligible for Pro-Jeunes training, who attended a registration meeting and were sampled for inclusion in the study.
UNIQUE ID VARIABLE: Baseline 1 : id Baseline 2 : id1_uid

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

General Procedure : To be eligible for the PRO-Jeunes program, applicants must be out-of-school or have dropped out of school, and show proof of identity. To attract participants, the PRO-Jeunes program has been advertised in a variety of ways. Recruitment takes place in three stages. First, young people interested in the program register and express their interest. Secondly, the program team reviews all applications and calls eligible candidates to provide further information about the program and confirm their interest in taking part. Thirdly, candidates who have completed all the previous steps are invited to a registration meeting. Participants at the registration meeting who have enrolled in a training course constitute the list from which we draw our sample. From this list, we randomly sample, stratifying by gender, living area and choice of training.

Stratification variables : Baseline 1: gend_r, zone, id_choix, Baseline 2: gendc, zone, id_choix

Specifics for each Baseline :

Baseline 1: The aim was to conduct individual interviews with out-of-school young people aged between fifteen (15) and twenty-four (24) across the ten communes of the Abidjan district and the commune of Grand Bassam. Despite the difficulties encountered in the field, we interviewed 1865 young people out of the 2200 planned, i.e. a completion rate of 84.77%. However, we also used the reserve list and the complementary list, made up of 255 and 181 respectively, to carry out the various replacements throughout the collection period.

Baseline 2: 1125 interviews were expected from each of the A, B and C questionnaires. In view of the refusals, the researchers decided that the refusals should be replaced. Thus, these replacements were to carry out interviews A, B and C in succession. We received two replacement lists. The initial sample contained 1121 people, the first replacement list 227 and a second list of 184. The difficulty of the replacements lay in respecting the strata of each respondent. In other words, for each person to be replaced, we had to find an individual of the same sex, living in the same area and having chosen the same training. It has to be said that the strata were not of the same size either. The number of replacements to be made was often greater than the number of respondents remaining and available. The collection team explained the situation to the researchers, who gave them permission to make replacements outside the strata, while minimizing the gaps. This enabled us to achieve a sample size of 1,125 for surveys A, B and C, with small discrepancies in some strata.

For more information, please refer to the Survey Design and Methodology - Socioeconomic Survey of Refugees in Ethiopia (SESRE) available under Downloads.

Sampling deviation

Baseline 1: None Baseline 2: For each person to be replaced, the initial procedure was for the data collection team to find an individual of the same sex, living in the same area and having chosen the same training. The number of replacements to be made was often greater than the number of respondents remaining and available. The collection team explained the situation to the researchers, who gave them permission to make replacements outside the strata, while minimizing the gaps For more information, please refer to the data collection report.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Please refer to the questionnaires uploaded for each baseline. Survey Modules
- Identification Module (ID) - Survey Situation Module (SE) - Family Context Module (CF) - Household Goods Module (BM) - Education Module (ED) - Employment Module (EM) - Activities Module (AR) - Activity Characteristics Module (AR_S) - Off-Farm Income-Generating Activities Module (AR_NA) - Agricultural Income-Generating Activities Module (AR_A) - Entrepreneurship Module (EN) - Productive Equipment Module (EP) - Professional Projects Module (PP) - Savings Module (EC) - Credit Module (CR) - Expenditure Module (DE) - Cognitive Skills Module (CC) - Gender Attitudes Module (AG) - Aspirations Module (AS) - Situational Judgment Module - Module SES Intra - Module SES Inter - Module HHI_Intra - Module Preferences (PR) - Reproductive Health Module (SR) - Domestic Violence Module (VD) - Network Module (RE) - Capture Module - End Module

Response rate

Baseline 1 : 84.77 Baseline 2: 100%

Azerbaijan Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data was reported at 1.910 Ratio in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.236 Ratio for 2020. Azerbaijan Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 2.423 Ratio from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.379 Ratio in 1992 and a record low of 1.642 Ratio in 2019. Azerbaijan Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Azerbaijan – Table AZ.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.;UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.;Weighted average;

Abstract

The survey provides statistically sound and internationally comparable data essential for developing evidence-based policies and programmes, and for monitoring progress toward national goals and global commitments. The Kiribati Social Development Indicator Survey (SDIS) results are critically important for the purposes of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) monitoring, as the survey produces information on 32 global SDG indicators adopted by the National Development Indicators framework, either in their entirety or partially.

The 2018-19 Kiribati SDIS has as its primary objectives: • To provide high quality data for assessing the situation of children, adolescents, women and households in KSDIS; • To furnish data needed for monitoring progress toward national goals, as a basis for future action; • To collect disaggregated data for the identification of disparities, to inform policies aimed at social inclusion of the most vulnerable; • To validate data from other sources and the results of focused interventions; • To generate data on national and global SDG indicators; • To generate internationally comparable data for the assessment of the progress made in various areas, and to put additional efforts in those areas that require more attention; • To generate behavioural and attitudinal data not available in other data sources.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage: covering rural-urban areas and for the five district/island groups of the country (South Tarawa, Northern Gilbert, Central Gilbert, Southern Gilbert, and Line and Phoenix groups).

Analysis unit

-Household; -Household member; -Mosquito nets; -Women in reproductive age; -Birth history; -Men in reproductive age; -Mothers or primary caretakers of children under 5; -Mothers or primary caretakers of children age 5-17.

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged between 15 to 49 years, all men aged between 15 to 49 years, all children under 5 and those aged 5 to 17 living in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

-SELECTION PROCESS: The sample for the Kiribati Social Development Indicator Survey (SDIS) 2018-19 was designed to provide estimates for a large number of indicators on the situation of children and women at the national, rural-urban, South Tarawa, Northern Gilbert, Central Gilbert, Southern Gilbert and Line and Phoenix group. The urban and rural areas within each district were identified as the main sampling strata and the sample of households was selected in two stages. Within each stratum, a specified number of census Enumeration Areas (EAs) were selected systematically with probability proportional to size. After a household listing was carried out within the selected enumeration areas, a systematic sample of 3280 households was drawn in each sample enumeration area. All of the selected enumeration areas were visited during the fieldwork period.

A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample. The sampling frame was based on the full/national household listing (mini-census) conducted in 2018 because the last census (2015) could not be used as a sampling frame as the EA boundaries differed from the 2010 Kiribati Census. The primary sampling units (PSUs) selected at the first stage were the enumeration areas (EAs) defined for the census enumeration.

-SAMPLE SIZE AND SAMPLE ALLOCATION: Since the overall sample size for the Kiribati SDIS partly depends on the geographic domains of analysis that are defined for the survey tables, the distribution of EAs and households in Kiribati from the 2018 Household Listing /Mini Census sampling frame was first examined by region, urban and rural strata.

The overall sample size for the Kiribati SDIS was calculated as 3,280 households. For the calculation of the sample size, the key indicator used was the underweight prevalence among children age 0-4 years. Since the survey results are tabulated at the regional level, it was necessary to determine the minimum sample size for each region.

For the calculation, r (underweight prevalence) was assumed to be 15 percent based on the national estimate from the Demographic and Health SUrvey (DHS) 2009. -The value of deff (design effect) was taken as 1.0 based on the estimate from the DHS 2009, -pb (percentage of children age 0-4 years in the total population) was taken as 12 percent, -AveSize (mean household size) was taken as 6.0 based on the 2018 mini-Census, and the response rate was assumed to be 98 percent, based on experience from the DHS 2009. -It was decided that an RME of at most 20 percent was needed for the district/island group estimates; this would result in an RME of 10 percent for the national estimate. The calculations resulted in a total sample size of 3,280 households, with the sample sizes in the districts varying between 515 and 780. The sample size in South Tarawa (urban) was adjusted upwards from 780 to 1,080 households in order to improve the precision in urban/rural comparisons. The sample sizes in the other districts/island groups were reduced by 75 households each.

The number of households selected per cluster for the Kiribati SDIS was determined as 20 households, based on several considerations, including the design effect, the budget available, and the time that would be needed per team to complete one cluster.

Census enumeration areas were selected from each of the sampling strata by using systematic probability proportional to size (pps) sampling procedures, based on the number of households in each enumeration area from the 2018 Mini- Census frame. The first stage of sampling was thus completed by selecting the required number of sample EAs (specified in Table SD.2) from each of the five district/Island groups.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

-QUESTIONNAIRE DESCRIPTION: Six questionnaires were used in the survey: 1) a household questionnaire to collect basic demographic information on all de jure household members (usual residents), the household, and the dwelling; 2) a water quality testing questionnaire administered in 4 households in each cluster of the sample; 3) a questionnaire for individual women administered in each household to all women age 15-49 years; 4) a questionnaire for individual men administered in every second household to all men age 15-49 years; 5) an under-5 questionnaire, administered to mothers (or caretakers) of all children under 5 living in the household; and 6) a questionnaire for children age 5-17 years, administered to the mother (or caretaker) of one randomly selected child age 5-17 years living in the household.

The questionnaires were based on the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys 6 (MICS6) standard questionnaires except for questionnaire for individual women/men had some add-on questions and/or modules from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) programme. From the MICS6 model English version, the questionnaires were customised and translated into Kiribati language and were pre-tested in South Tarawa during September, 2018. Based on the results of the pre-test, modifications were made to the wording and translation of the questionnaires. A copy of the Kiribati Social Development Indicator Survey (SDIS) 2018-19 questionnaires is provided in the External Resources of this documentation.

-COMPOSITION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRES: The questionnaires included the following modules: -Household questionnaire: List of household members, Education, Household characteristics, Social transfers, Household energy use, Dengue, Water and sanitation, Handwashing, Salt iodisation.

-Water Quality Testing questionnaire: Water quality tests, Water quality testing results.

-Individual Women questionnaire: Background, ICT, Fertility/Birth history, Desire for last birth, Maternal and newborn health, Post-natal health checks, Contraception, Unmet need, Attitudes toward domestic violence, Victimisation, Marriage/union, Adult functioning, Sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, STI, Tobacco and alcohol use, Domestic violence, Life satisfaction.

-Individual Men questionnaire: Background, ICT, Fertility, Contraception, Unmet need, Attitudes toward domestic violence, Victimisation, Marriage/union, Adult functioning, Sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, STI, Circumcision, Tobacco and alcohol use, Life satisfaction.

-Children Under 5 questionnaire: Background, Birth registration, Early childhood development, Chil discipline, Child functioning, Breastfeeding and dietary intake, Immunisation, Care of illness, Anthropometry.

-Children Age 5-17 Years questionnaire: Background, Child labour, Child discipline, Child functioning, Parental involvment, Foundational learning skills.

Cleaning operations

Data were received at the National Statistical Office's central office via Internet File Streaming System (IFSS) integrated into the management application on the supervisors' tablets. Whenever logistically possible, synchronisation was daily. The central office communicated application updates to field teams through this system.

During data collection and following the completion of fieldwork, data were edited according to editing process described in detail in the Guidelines for Secondary Editing, a customised version of the standard MICS6 documentation.

Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing (see Other processing), including: a) During data collection b) Structure checking and completeness c) Secondary editing d) Structural checking of SPSS data files

Detailed documentation of the editing of

（停止更新）关于家庭暴力的立法：1=是；0=否在03-01-2019达1.000NA，相较于03-01-2018的1.000NA保持不变。（停止更新）关于家庭暴力的立法：1=是；0=否数据按年更新，03-01-2010至03-01-2019期间平均值为1.000NA，共10份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于03-01-2019，达1.000NA，而历史最低值则出现于03-01-2019，为1.000NA。CEIC提供的（停止更新）关于家庭暴力的立法：1=是；0=否数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于World Bank，数据归类于全球数据库的加拿大 – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Governance: Policy and Institutions。

In 2023, Brazil registered a total of 1,463 murder cases that were classified as femicide, or the killing of a woman or girl on account of their gender. Meanwhile, the number of women killed on account of their gender in Mexico reached 852 in that same year.

Abstract

The 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (2022 KDHS) is the seventh DHS survey implemented in Kenya. The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) in collaboration with the Ministry of Health (MoH) and other stakeholders implemented the survey. Survey planning began in late 2020 with data collection taking place from February 17 to July 19, 2022. ICF provided technical assistance through The DHS Program, which is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and offers financial support and technical assistance for population and health surveys in countries worldwide. Other agencies and organizations that facilitated the successful implementation of the survey through technical or financial support were the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the World Bank, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Nutrition International, the World Food Programme (WFP), the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Clinton Health Access Initiative, and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).

SURVEY OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the 2022 KDHS is to provide up-to-date estimates of demographic, health, and nutrition indicators to guide the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of population and health-related programs at the national and county levels. The specific objectives of the 2022 KDHS are to: Estimate fertility levels and contraceptive prevalence Estimate childhood mortality Provide basic indicators of maternal and child health Estimate the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) Collect anthropometric measures for children, women, and men Collect information on children's nutrition Collect information on women's dietary diversity Obtain information on knowledge and behavior related to transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Obtain information on noncommunicable diseases and other health issues Ascertain the extent and patterns of domestic violence and female genital mutilation/cutting

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Household, individuals, county and national level

Universe

The survey covered sampled households

Sampling procedure

The sample for the 2022 KDHS was drawn from the Kenya Household Master Sample Frame (K-HMSF). This is the frame that KNBS currently operates to conduct household-based sample surveys in Kenya. In 2019, Kenya conducted a Population and Housing Census, and a total of 129,067 enumeration areas (EAs) were developed. Of these EAs, 10,000 were selected with probability proportional to size to create the K-HMSF. The 10,000 EAs were randomized into four equal subsamples. The survey sample was drawn from one of the four subsamples. The EAs were developed into clusters through a process of household listing and geo-referencing. To design the frame, each of the 47 counties in Kenya was stratified into rural and urban strata, resulting in 92 strata since Nairobi City and Mombasa counties are purely urban.

The 2022 KDHS was designed to provide estimates at the national level, for rural and urban areas, and, for some indicators, at the county level. Given this, the sample was designed to have 42,300 households, with 25 households selected per cluster, resulting into 1,692 clusters spread across the country with 1,026 clusters in rural areas and 666 in urban areas.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Eight questionnaires were used for the 2022 KDHS: 1. A full Household Questionnaire 2. A short Household Questionnaire 3. A full Woman's Questionnaire 4. A short Woman's Questionnaire 5. A Man's Questionnaire 6. A full Biomarker Questionnaire 7. A short Biomarker Questionnaire 8. A Fieldworker Questionnaire.

The Household Questionnaire collected information on: o Background characteristics of each person in the household (for example, name, sex, age, education, relationship to the household head, survival of parents among children under age 18) o Disability o Assets, land ownership, and housing characteristics o Sanitation, water, and other environmental health issues o Health expenditures o Accident and injury o COVID-19 (prevalence, vaccination, and related deaths) o Household food consumption

The Woman's Questionnaire was used to collect information from women age 15-49 on the following topics: o Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics o Reproduction o Family planning o Maternal health care and breastfeeding o Vaccination and health of children o Children's nutrition o Woman's dietary diversity o Early childhood development o Marriage and sexual activity o Fertility preferences o Husbands' background characteristics and women's employment activity o HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and tuberculosis (TB) o Other health issues o Early Childhood Development Index 2030 o Chronic diseases o Female genital mutilation/cutting o Domestic violence

The Man's Questionnaire was administered to men age 15-54 living in the households selected for long Household Questionnaires. The questionnaire collected information on: o Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics o Reproduction o Family planning o Marriage and sexual activity o Fertility preferences o Employment and gender roles o HIV/AIDS, other STIs, and TB o Other health issues o Chronic diseases o Female genital mutilation/cutting o Domestic violence

The Biomarker Questionnaire collected information on anthropometry (weight and height). The long Biomarker Questionnaire collected anthropometry measurements for children age 0-59 months, women age 15-49, and men age 15-54, while the short questionnaire collected weight and height measurements only for children age 0-59 months.

The Fieldworker Questionnaire was used to collect basic background information on the people who collected data in the field. This included team supervisors, interviewers, and biomarker technicians.

All questionnaires except the Fieldworker Questionnaire were translated into the Swahili language to make it easier for interviewers to ask questions in a language that respondents could understand.

Cleaning operations

Data were downloaded from the central servers and checked against the inventory of expected returns to account for all data collected in the field. SyncCloud was also used to generate field check tables to monitor progress and flag any errors, which were communicated back to the field teams for correction.

Secondary editing was done by members of the central office team, who resolved any errors that were not corrected by field teams during data collection. A CSPro batch editing tool was used for cleaning and tabulation during data analysis.

Response rate

A total of 42,022 households were selected for the sample, of which 38,731 (92%) were found to be occupied. Among the occupied households, 37,911 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 98%. The response rates for urban and rural households were 96% and 99%, respectively. In the interviewed households, 33,879 women age 15-49 were identified as eligible for individual interviews. Interviews were completed with 32,156 women, yielding a response rate of 95%. The response rates among women selected for the full and short questionnaires were the similar (95%). In the households selected for the male survey, 16,552 men age 15-54 were identified as eligible for individual interviews and 14,453 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 87%.