Throughout the 1920s, prices on the U.S. stock exchange rose exponentially, however, by the end of the decade, uncontrolled growth and a stock market propped up by speculation and borrowed money proved unsustainable, resulting in the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. This set a chain of events in motion that led to economic collapse - banks demanded repayment of debts, the property market crashed, and people stopped spending as unemployment rose. Within a year the country was in the midst of an economic depression, and the economy continued on a downward trend until late-1932.
It was during this time where Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) was elected president, and he assumed office in March 1933 - through a series of economic reforms and New Deal policies, the economy began to recover. Stock prices fluctuated at more sustainable levels over the next decades, and developments were in line with overall economic development, rather than the uncontrolled growth seen in the 1920s. Overall, it took over 25 years for the Dow Jones value to reach its pre-Crash peak.
Over the course of their first terms in office, no U.S. president in the past 100 years saw as much of a decline in stock prices as Herbert Hoover, and none saw as much of an increase as Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) - these were the two presidents in office during the Great Depression. While Hoover is not generally considered to have caused the Wall Street Crash in 1929, less than a year into his term in office, he is viewed as having contributed to its fall, and exacerbating the economic collapse that followed. In contrast, Roosevelt is viewed as overseeing the economic recovery and restoring faith in the stock market played an important role in this.
By the end of Hoover's time in office, stock prices were 82 percent lower than when he entered the White House, whereas prices had risen by 237 percent by the end of Roosevelt's first term. While this is the largest price gain of any president within just one term, it is important to note that stock prices were valued at 317 on the Dow Jones index when Hoover took office, but just 51 when FDR took office four years later - stock prices had peaked in August 1929 at 380 on the Dow Jones index, but the highest they ever reached under FDR was 187, and it was not until late 1954 that they reached pre-Crash levels once more.
This data package includes the underlying data and files to replicate the calculations, charts, and tables presented in Why Has the Stock Market Risen So Much Since the US Presidential Election?, PIIE Policy Brief 18-4. If you use the data, please cite as: Blanchard, Olivier, Christopher G. Collins, Mohammad R. Jahan-Parvar, Thomas Pellet, and Beth Anne Wilson. (2018). Why Has the Stock Market Risen So Much Since the US Presidential Election?. PIIE Policy Brief 18-4. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Im Juni 2025, dem fünften vollen Monat von Donald Trumps zweiter Amtszeit, ist der S&P 500 Index um rund **** Prozent gegenüber dem Zeitpunkt der Amtseinführung gestiegen. Der Monat Juni markiert somit den ersten Amtsmonat von Trump, indem der S&P-500 Index höher steht als zu Beginn seiner Amtszeit im Januar. Im November 2024 wurde ein neuer US-Präsident gewählt. Neben der politischen Bilanz des Amtsinhabers steht auch die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika im öffentlichen Fokus. Die ökonomischen Bilanzen der letzten US-Präsidenten fielen dabei sehr unterschiedlich aus. Um zu einer differenzierten Beurteilung der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung der USA unter den jeweiligen US-Präsidenten zu gelangen, müssen mehrere Indikatoren, wie z.B. die Inflation, die Arbeitslosenquote, das Bruttoinlandsprodukt, der Median des Haushaltseinkommens, die Handelsbilanz und viele weitere Kennzahlen Berücksichtigung finden. US-Aktienmarkt schrumpft unter Trump Die Entwicklung der Aktienindizes, wie etwa der Dow Jones oder der S&P 500, ist eine zusätzliche Dimension, welche Aufschluss über die wirtschaftliche Lage und ihre Rahmenbedingungen geben kann. Unter Joe Biden hatte sich die Bewertung des S&P 500, dem Aktienindex der 500 größten börsennotierten Unternehmen der USA, dennoch um gut 57,05 Prozent gegenüber dem Stand zum Anfang seiner Präsidentschaft gesteigert. In den ersten Monaten der Trump-Administration sank der S&P-500-Aktienindex um rund 7,9 Prozent gegenüber dem Beginn der Amtszeit. Während der Präsidentschaft von Bill Clinton boomte die US-Wirtschaft am stärksten Unter den beiden demokratischen US-Präsidenten Bill Clinton und Barack Obama entwickelte sich die Wall Street am erfolgreichsten, mit einer Steigerung des S&P 500-Index um über 200 bzw. 180 Prozent im Vergleich zum Beginn dieser beiden Präsidentschaften. Donald Trump sorgte ungeachtet seiner impulsiven und erratischen Regierungsführung auch für Zufriedenheit bei den Anlegern, indem am Ende seiner ersten Amtszeit im Januar 2021 ein Wachstum des S&P 500 Index von etwa 65 Prozent im Vergleich zum Beginn seiner Präsidentschaft verbucht werden konnte.
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Throughout the 1920s, prices on the U.S. stock exchange rose exponentially, however, by the end of the decade, uncontrolled growth and a stock market propped up by speculation and borrowed money proved unsustainable, resulting in the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. This set a chain of events in motion that led to economic collapse - banks demanded repayment of debts, the property market crashed, and people stopped spending as unemployment rose. Within a year the country was in the midst of an economic depression, and the economy continued on a downward trend until late-1932.
It was during this time where Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) was elected president, and he assumed office in March 1933 - through a series of economic reforms and New Deal policies, the economy began to recover. Stock prices fluctuated at more sustainable levels over the next decades, and developments were in line with overall economic development, rather than the uncontrolled growth seen in the 1920s. Overall, it took over 25 years for the Dow Jones value to reach its pre-Crash peak.