The U.S. federal funds effective rate underwent a dramatic reduction in early 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate plummeted from 1.58 percent in February 2020 to 0.65 percent in March, and further decreased to 0.05 percent in April. This sharp reduction, accompanied by the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing program, was implemented to stabilize the economy during the global health crisis. After maintaining historically low rates for nearly two years, the Federal Reserve began a series of rate hikes in early 2022, with the rate moving from 0.33 percent in April 2022 to 5.33 percent in August 2023. The rate remained unchanged for over a year, before the Federal Reserve initiated its first rate cut in nearly three years in September 2024, bringing the rate to 5.13 percent. By December 2024, the rate was cut to 4.48 percent, signaling a shift in monetary policy in the second half of 2024. In January 2025, the Federal Reserve implemented another cut, setting the rate at 4.33 percent, which remained unchanged throughout the following months. What is the federal funds effective rate? The U.S. federal funds effective rate determines the interest rate paid by depository institutions, such as banks and credit unions, that lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight. Changing the effective rate in times of crisis is a common way to stimulate the economy, as it has a significant impact on the whole economy, such as economic growth, employment, and inflation. Central bank policy rates The adjustment of interest rates in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was a coordinated global effort. In early 2020, central banks worldwide implemented aggressive monetary easing policies to combat the economic crisis. The U.S. Federal Reserve's dramatic reduction of its federal funds rate - from 1.58 percent in February 2020 to 0.05 percent by April - mirrored similar actions taken by central banks globally. While these low rates remained in place throughout 2021, mounting inflationary pressures led to a synchronized tightening cycle beginning in 2022, with central banks pushing rates to multi-year highs. By mid-2024, as inflation moderated across major economies, central banks began implementing their first rate cuts in several years, with the U.S. Federal Reserve, Bank of England, and European Central Bank all easing monetary policy.

The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4.50 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The inflation rate in the United States declined significantly between June 2022 and May 2025, despite rising inflationary pressures towards the end of 2024. The peak inflation rate was recorded in June 2022, at *** percent. In August 2023, the Federal Reserve's interest rate hit its highest level during the observed period, at **** percent, and remained unchanged until September 2024, when the Federal Reserve implemented its first rate cut since September 2021. By January 2025, the rate dropped to **** percent, signalling a shift in monetary policy. What is the Federal Reserve interest rate? The Federal Reserve interest rate, or the federal funds rate, is the rate at which banks and credit unions lend to and borrow from each other. It is one of the Federal Reserve's key tools for maintaining strong employment rates, stable prices, and reasonable interest rates. The rate is determined by the Federal Reserve and adjusted eight times a year, though it can be changed through emergency meetings during times of crisis. The Fed doesn't directly control the interest rate but sets a target rate. It then uses open market operations to influence rates toward this target. Ways of measuring inflation Inflation is typically measured using several methods, with the most common being the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI tracks the price of a fixed basket of goods and services over time, providing a measure of the price changes consumers face. At the end of 2023, the CPI in the United States was ****** percent, up from ****** a year earlier. A more business-focused measure is the producer price index (PPI), which represents the costs of firms.

The global drop feed sewing machine market is expected to reach a value of 661 million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 3.3%. This growth is attributed to increasing demand from the apparel, automotive, footwear, medical, home textile, and other industries. Drop feed sewing machines offer precise stitching, durability, and efficiency, making them ideal for high-volume production environments. Key drivers of market growth include rising disposable income, growing population, and increasing urbanization in emerging economies. Technological advancements, such as the integration of automation and IoT, are also contributing to the market's expansion. Major players in the market include JUKI, Singer, PFAFF, Seiko Sewing Machine, Titan Sewing Machines, and PEGASUS, among others. Regional analysis indicates strong growth in the Asia Pacific region, driven by China and India, due to the presence of a large manufacturing base and increasing demand for high-quality sewn products.

The U.S. federal funds rate peaked in 2023 at its highest level since the 2007-08 financial crisis, reaching 5.33 percent by December 2023. A significant shift in monetary policy occurred in the second half of 2024, with the Federal Reserve implementing regular rate cuts. By December 2024, the rate had declined to 4.48 percent. What is a central bank rate? The federal funds rate determines the cost of overnight borrowing between banks, allowing them to maintain necessary cash reserves and ensure financial system liquidity. When this rate rises, banks become more inclined to hold rather than lend money, reducing the money supply. While this decreased lending slows economic activity, it helps control inflation by limiting the circulation of money in the economy. Historic perspective The federal funds rate historically follows cyclical patterns, falling during recessions and gradually rising during economic recoveries. Some central banks, notably the European Central Bank, went beyond traditional monetary policy by implementing both aggressive asset purchases and negative interest rates.

Dallas Fed Manufacturing Index in the United States increased to -12.70 points in June from -15.30 points in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Dallas Fed Manufacturing Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Graph and download economic data for 15-Year Fixed Rate Mortgage Average in the United States (MORTGAGE15US) from 1991-08-30 to 2025-07-03 about 15-year, fixed, mortgage, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The global drop feed sewing machine market is projected to reach a value of $822 million in 2025, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.2% from 2025 to 2033. This steady growth is driven by increasing demand across diverse industries such as apparel, automotive, and medical sectors. The rising adoption of automation in manufacturing processes, coupled with the need for precision sewing in specialized applications like upholstery and technical textiles, fuels market expansion. The market is segmented by needle type (single-needle and multi-needle) and application (apparel, automotive, footwear, medical, home textiles, and others). The apparel segment currently dominates, but growth is anticipated to be robust across other sectors due to increased production and customization requirements. Leading manufacturers such as JUKI, Singer, PFAFF, and others are investing in technological advancements, offering innovative features like enhanced stitch control and integrated automation solutions to cater to evolving market needs. While some geographical regions might experience more rapid growth than others, the overall market is poised for steady expansion over the forecast period. Competitive pricing strategies from established and emerging manufacturers are further influencing the market landscape. The market's steady growth reflects a combination of factors. Technological advancements leading to more efficient and versatile drop feed sewing machines are a major contributor. Additionally, the ongoing demand for high-quality sewing in various industries, particularly the expanding global apparel market and the growth of specialized manufacturing sectors, such as medical device production, propels market expansion. However, fluctuating raw material costs and potential economic downturns could pose challenges to market growth. Nevertheless, the overall outlook for the drop feed sewing machine market remains positive, with consistent growth expected throughout the forecast period. The increasing adoption of automation in production processes and the need for precision sewing are expected to drive demand.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

Policy interest rates in the U.S. and Europe are forecasted to decrease gradually between 2024 and 2027, following exceptional increases triggered by soaring inflation between 2021 and 2023. The U.S. federal funds rate stood at **** percent at the end of 2023, the European Central Bank deposit rate at **** percent, and the Swiss National Bank policy rate at **** percent. With inflationary pressures stabilizing, policy interest rates are forecast to decrease in each observed region. The U.S. federal funds rate is expected to decrease to *** percent, the ECB refi rate to **** percent, the Bank of England bank rate to **** percent, and the Swiss National Bank policy rate to **** percent by 2025. An interesting aspect to note is the impact of these interest rate changes on various economic factors such as growth, employment, and inflation. The impact of central bank policy rates The U.S. federal funds effective rate, crucial in determining the interest rate paid by depository institutions, experienced drastic changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The subsequent slight changes in the effective rate reflected the efforts to stimulate the economy and manage economic factors such as inflation. Such fluctuations in the federal funds rate have had a significant impact on the overall economy. The European Central Bank's decision to cut its fixed interest rate in June 2024 for the first time since 2016 marked a significant shift in attitude towards economic conditions. The reasons behind the fluctuations in the ECB's interest rate reflect its mandate to ensure price stability and manage inflation, shedding light on the complex interplay between interest rates and economic factors. Inflation and real interest rates The relationship between inflation and interest rates is critical in understanding the actions of central banks. Central banks' efforts to manage inflation through interest rate adjustments reveal the intricate balance between economic growth and inflation. Additionally, the concept of real interest rates, adjusted for inflation, provides valuable insights into the impact of inflation on the economy.

Richmond Fed Services Index in the United States increased to -4 points in June from -11 points in May of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Richmond Fed Services Index.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees: Manufacturing in Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (MSA) (SMU06310803000000001SA) from Jan 1990 to May 2025 about Los Angeles, payrolls, CA, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

Oil prices rose as Trump confirmed support for Fed Chair and US imposed sanctions on Iran, with a significant drop in US crude inventories boosting market sentiment.

Kansas Fed Manufacturing Index in the United States increased to 5 points in June from -10 points in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Kansas Fed Manufacturing Index- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The European animal feed productions market is evolving, driven by a surge in demand for organic, sustainable and high-welfare products. This shift extends into the diets of their livestock and pets. The number of farms practicing organic methods (including in France, which boasts the third-highest area of organic farms globally) is on the rise, boosting demand for organic feeds. This is pushing the industry to innovate and adapt to meet these new preferences head-on. The EU’s Farm to Fork Strategy is putting additional pressure on the feed producers to pursue more sustainable practices. Feed producers are now navigating a tighter regulatory landscape aimed at safeguarding animal and human health, as well as protecting the environment. This legislative push is fostering a wave of research and development in new, sustainable feed materials – but it's not just livestock feed that's getting a green makeover. The pet food sector is also riding the wave of change. European pet owners are demanding more from their pet's diets, seeking out premium, health-optimised options that cater to a range of dietary needs, from allergies to age-specific requirements. This shift is driving innovation and an uptick in the production of specialised, high-quality pet foods. Despite this, high inflation in recent years means that animal feed revenue has fallen in real terms; it’s set to drop at a compound annual rate of 2.7% over the five years through 2024 to €120.9 billion, including a 3.4% drop in 2024. Looking ahead, the industry's outlook appears green and promising. Revenue is projected to grow at a compound annual rate of 3.1% over the five years through 2029 to reach €141.1 million. Environmental concerns are reshaping both what we feed our animals and how we produce that feed. There's a growing consensus that traditional livestock feed, which consumes a third of global farmland, isn't sustainable. More investment is being made into insect-based feed, a solution that could be more environmentally sustainable. Insects, a protein-rich and less land-intensive option, are already making waves in aquafeed, where seven species have been approved in the EU since 2017.

The European animal feed productions market is evolving, driven by a surge in demand for organic, sustainable and high-welfare products. This shift extends into the diets of their livestock and pets. The number of farms practicing organic methods (including in France, which boasts the third-highest area of organic farms globally) is on the rise, boosting demand for organic feeds. This is pushing the industry to innovate and adapt to meet these new preferences head-on. The EU’s Farm to Fork Strategy is putting additional pressure on the feed producers to pursue more sustainable practices. Feed producers are now navigating a tighter regulatory landscape aimed at safeguarding animal and human health, as well as protecting the environment. This legislative push is fostering a wave of research and development in new, sustainable feed materials – but it's not just livestock feed that's getting a green makeover. The pet food sector is also riding the wave of change. European pet owners are demanding more from their pet's diets, seeking out premium, health-optimised options that cater to a range of dietary needs, from allergies to age-specific requirements. This shift is driving innovation and an uptick in the production of specialised, high-quality pet foods. Despite this, high inflation in recent years means that animal feed revenue has fallen in real terms; it’s set to drop at a compound annual rate of 2.7% over the five years through 2024 to €120.9 billion, including a 3.4% drop in 2024. Looking ahead, the industry's outlook appears green and promising. Revenue is projected to grow at a compound annual rate of 3.1% over the five years through 2029 to reach €141.1 million. Environmental concerns are reshaping both what we feed our animals and how we produce that feed. There's a growing consensus that traditional livestock feed, which consumes a third of global farmland, isn't sustainable. More investment is being made into insect-based feed, a solution that could be more environmentally sustainable. Insects, a protein-rich and less land-intensive option, are already making waves in aquafeed, where seven species have been approved in the EU since 2017.

Oil prices drop as OPEC+ increases output, raising global surplus concerns amid trade tensions. Brent futures fall as Saudi Arabia hints at further production increases.

The European animal feed productions market is evolving, driven by a surge in demand for organic, sustainable and high-welfare products. This shift extends into the diets of their livestock and pets. The number of farms practicing organic methods (including in France, which boasts the third-highest area of organic farms globally) is on the rise, boosting demand for organic feeds. This is pushing the industry to innovate and adapt to meet these new preferences head-on. The EU’s Farm to Fork Strategy is putting additional pressure on the feed producers to pursue more sustainable practices. Feed producers are now navigating a tighter regulatory landscape aimed at safeguarding animal and human health, as well as protecting the environment. This legislative push is fostering a wave of research and development in new, sustainable feed materials – but it's not just livestock feed that's getting a green makeover. The pet food sector is also riding the wave of change. European pet owners are demanding more from their pet's diets, seeking out premium, health-optimised options that cater to a range of dietary needs, from allergies to age-specific requirements. This shift is driving innovation and an uptick in the production of specialised, high-quality pet foods. Despite this, high inflation in recent years means that animal feed revenue has fallen in real terms; it’s set to drop at a compound annual rate of 2.7% over the five years through 2024 to €120.9 billion, including a 3.4% drop in 2024. Looking ahead, the industry's outlook appears green and promising. Revenue is projected to grow at a compound annual rate of 3.1% over the five years through 2029 to reach €141.1 million. Environmental concerns are reshaping both what we feed our animals and how we produce that feed. There's a growing consensus that traditional livestock feed, which consumes a third of global farmland, isn't sustainable. More investment is being made into insect-based feed, a solution that could be more environmentally sustainable. Insects, a protein-rich and less land-intensive option, are already making waves in aquafeed, where seven species have been approved in the EU since 2017.

Based on confidential supervisory data, this dataset estimates the degree of collateral re-use at the dealer level through their collateral multiplier: the ratio between a dealer's total secured funding and their outright holdings financed through secured funding. Treasury re-use increases as the supply of available securities decreases, especially when supply declines due to Federal Reserve asset purchases. Non-U.S. dealers' re-use increases when profits from intermediating cash are high, U.S. dealers' re-use increases when demand to source on-the-run Treasuries is high, and both types of dealers' re-use can alleviate safe asset scarcity. Finally, there was a sharp drop in Treasury re-use at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a subsequent reversal after the Federal Reserve's intervention to support market functioning.

In May 2025, global inflation rates and central bank interest rates showed significant variation across major economies. Most economies initiated interest rate cuts from mid-2024 due to declining inflationary pressures. The U.S., UK, and EU central banks followed a consistent pattern of regular rate reductions throughout late 2024. In early 2025, Russia maintained the highest interest rate at 20 percent, while Japan retained the lowest at 0.5 percent. Varied inflation rates across major economies The inflation landscape varies considerably among major economies. China had the lowest inflation rate at -0.1 percent in May 2025. In contrast, Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 9.9 percent. These figures align with broader trends observed in early 2025, where China had the lowest inflation rate among major developed and emerging economies, while Russia's rate remained the highest. Central bank responses and economic indicators Central banks globally implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-23 to combat inflation. The European Central Bank exemplified this trend, raising rates from 0 percent in January 2022 to 4.5 percent by September 2023. A coordinated shift among major central banks began in mid-2024, with the ECB, Bank of England, and Federal Reserve initiating rate cuts, with forecasts suggesting further cuts through 2025 and 2026.