In 2024, a total of 1,374 earthquakes with magnitude of five or more were recorded worldwide as of December that year. The Ring of Fire Large earthquakes generally result in higher death tolls in developing countries or countries where building codes are less stringent. China has suffered from a number of strong earthquakes that have resulted in extremely high death tolls. While earthquakes occur around the globe along the various tectonic plate boundaries, a significant proportion occur around the basin of the Pacific Ocean, in what is referred to as the Ring of Fire due to the high degree of tectonic activity. Many of the countries in the Ring of Fire, including Japan, Chile, the United States and New Zealand, led the way in earthquake policy and science as a result. The impacts of earthquakes The tragic loss of life is not the only major negative effect of earthquakes, a number of earthquakes have caused billions of dollars worth of damage to infrastructure and private property. The high cost of damage in the 2011 Fukushima and Christchurch earthquakes in Japan and New Zealand respectively demonstrates that even wealthy, developed countries who are experienced in dealing with earthquakes are ill-equipped when the large earthquakes hit.

The earthquake that hit Myanmar in March 2025 had a magnitude of *** on the Richter scale. It was one of ******earthquakes of a magnitude between *** and *** that year. A total of ***earthquakes with a magnitude of *** to *** were registered that same year. 2025 has been considerably less active than 2023, which reported ****earthquakes with a magnitude of * or higher.

The Significant Earthquake Database is a global listing of over 5,700 earthquakes from 2150 BC to the present. A significant earthquake is classified as one that meets at least one of the following criteria: caused deaths, caused moderate damage (approximately $1 million or more), magnitude 7.5 or greater, Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) X or greater, or the earthquake generated a tsunami. The database provides information on the date and time of occurrence, latitude and longitude, focal depth, magnitude, maximum MMI intensity, and socio-economic data such as the total number of casualties, injuries, houses destroyed, and houses damaged, and $ dollage damage estimates. References, political geography, and additional comments are also provided for each earthquake. If the earthquake was associated with a tsunami or volcanic eruption, it is flagged and linked to the related tsunami event or significant volcanic eruption.

The number of earthquakes over a magnitude of 2.5 on the Richter scale amounted to 2,296 in the United States in 2023. Since 2014, the year with the highest number of quakes has been 2015, with over 4,700.

This copy of the United States Earthquake Intensity Database 1638-1985 was made on April 24, 2025 before the original dataset landing page at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/natural-hazards/tsunamis-earthquakes-volcanoes/earthquakes/intensity-database-1638-1985 was decommissioned on May 5, 2025. This deposit also includes the html of the original dataset landing page for reference. See this NOAA NCEI record for more metadata and current access options. Original dataset description: The U.S. Earthquake Intensity Database (1638–1985) is a collection of damage and felt reports for more than 23,000 U.S. earthquakes. The database contains information regarding epicentral coordinates, magnitudes, focal depths, names, and coordinates of reporting cities/ localities, reported intensities, and the distances to the epicenter. Earthquakes listed in the file date from 1638 to 1985. The majority of the felt reports are in the U.S. States and Territories (155,301). Other reporting countries include: Antigua and Barbuda (2), Canada (1,364), Mexico (54), Panama (285), and the Philippines (9). Database Description: The Earthquake Intensity File contains more than 157,000 reports on over 20,000 earthquakes that affected the United States from 1638 through 1985. The principal data included for each earthquake are the names and geographic coordinates of the cities/localities that reported effects from earthquakes, (hereafter called "reporting cities") and the intensities assigned to those effects. Each intensity has been assigned using the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of 1931 (Wood and Neumann, 1931). Other information given for each earthquake includes: distance of each reporting city from the epicenter of the earthquake; number of hours to subtract from Universal Time (UT) to obtain origin time in local standard time; reference (authority) codes for reporting cities and intensity values, and state codes. In addition, the date, origin time, epicenter, magnitude, and depth (where available) are given for all earthquakes. Although the Earthquake Intensity File represents an important contribution to seismology research, it has several limitations that should be mentioned: About 25 percent of the 2,500 earthquakes reported from 1638-1928 and 10 percent of the 18,500 events from 1928-1980 do not have instrumental epicenters; this omission is mainly due to the fact that seismological instruments were not developed until the late 1800s, and further that the instruments were not widely distributed for many years later. Several of the reporting cities listed in the file have not been assigned geographic coordinates. The file contains data primarily for those earthquakes that have epicenters in the United States, nearby U.S. territories, and areas of Canada and Mexico that border the United States. Data for a few events in the Philippines (from the late 1930s through 1941) is also included.

Earthquakes (USGS: Magnitude, Location, and Freq)

Magnitude, Location, and Frequency

By [source]

About this dataset

Earthquakes form an integral part of our planet’s geology. It is crucial to gain an understanding of the frequency and strength of these seismic activities, as this information is essential in both the cause and preventions of damaging earthquakes. Fortunately for us, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) captures comprehensive data on Earthquakes magnitude and location across the United States and its surrounding areas.

This dataset contains information such as time, latitude, longitude, depth, magnitude, type, gap between azimuthal gaps (gap), dmin which is minimum distance to nearest station (dmin), root mean square travel time residual (rms), Network which reported raised an incident report (net), updated date that was last updated or modified(updated) place horizonation uncertainty error - absolute value serves as 95% confidence interval radius(horizontalError)depth Horizonation uncertainty error - absolute value serve as 95% confidence interval radius(depthError)magHorizonation uncertainty error - absolute value serve as 95% confidence numberof seismic stations used to measure magnitude(magNst )Number statuses ie reviewed/reviewed_manual/automatic etc..status). This data can be a useful tool in building a more contextual picture around potential dangers posed by seismic activity

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How to use the dataset

This dataset can be incredibly useful in uncovering geophysical insights about earthquakes. It contains comprehensive data about the magnitude and location of seismic activity, which can help to better understand the cause and prevention of damaging quakes.

Research Ideas

• Generating earthquake hazard maps to indicate seismic activity and risk levels in different areas.
• Developing predictive models of earthquake magnitude and probability of occurrence on the basis of geographic characteristics, previous seismic history and observed patterns of activity.
• Conducting analysis to determine correlations between geological features, human activities, and seismic events in order to better understand the causes and effects of potentially damaging earthquakes

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: usgs_current.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | time | The time of the earthquake. (DateTime) | | latitude | The latitude of the earthquake. (Float) | | longitude | The longitude of the earthquake. (Float) | | depth | The depth of the earthquake. (Float) | | mag | The magnitude of the earthquake. (Float) | | magType | The type of magnitude measurement used. (String) | | nst | The number of seismic stations used to calculate the magnitude. (Integer) | | gap | The maximum angular distance between azimuthal gaps. (Float) | | dmin | The distance to the nearest station. (Float) | | rms | The root-mean-square travel time residual. (Float) | | net | The network detected. (String) | | updated | The time the earthquake was last updated. (DateTime) | | place | The location of the earthquake. (String) | | horizontalError | The horizontal error of the earthquake. (Float) | | depthError | The depth error of the earthquake. (Float) | | magError ...

In 2024, Japan experienced *** earthquakes of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) magnitude of five or more. The JMA seismic intensity scale categorizes the intensity of earthquakes. The scale measures how much ground-surface shaking takes place at the measured sites. The scale is divided into ten steps, with higher values representing a higher intensity of the earthquake. Earthquakes in Japan Since the archipelago is situated along the Ring of Fire, an area where several tectonic plates meet, it is vulnerable to natural disasters such as earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. Furthermore, its oceanic setting makes the country vulnerable to tsunamis when an earthquake occurs below or near the ocean. Therefore, the Japanese government spends a large amount of the disaster risk management budget on disaster prevention. The country invests in disaster prevention systems such as earthquake alert systems in mobile phones, emergency facilities, evacuation centers, as well as earthquake-resistant buildings, which are designed to move with the quake. The triple disaster in 2011 The highest cost of damage caused by natural disasters, as well as the highest number of people killed by natural disasters in Japan, was recorded in 2011, when the Great East Japan Earthquake, also referred to as the Tohoku earthquake, took place. Japan recorded over 30 earthquakes of category five or more on the JMA seismic scale in the same year, many of which were aftershocks of the Great East Japan Earthquake. The damage caused by surging water from the resulting tsunami was more destructive than the earthquake itself, as it destroyed many Japanese cities and led to the death of over 15 thousand people. Furthermore, it caused meltdowns at three reactors in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Fukushima prefecture.

The Global Earthquake Hazard Frequency and Distribution is a 2.5 minute grid utilizing Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) Earthquake Catalog data of actual earthquake events exceeding 4.5 on the Richter scale during the time period 1976 through 2002. To produce the final output, the frequency of an earthquake hazard is calculated for each grid cell, and the resulting grid cells are then classified into deciles (10 classes consisting of an approxiamately equal number of grid cells). The greater the grid cell value in the final output, the higher the relative frequency of hazard posed by earthquakes. This data set is the result of collaboration among the Columbia University Center for Hazards and Risk Research (CHRR) and Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN).

This datasets displays the locations of all recorded earthquakes of a magnitude of 1 or greater around the world from the period of 6.30.08 to 7.7.08. The findings are from the US Geological Survey (USGS). Earthquake information is extracted from a merged catalog of earthquakes located by the USGS and contributing networks. Earthquakes will be broadcast within a few minutes for California events and within 30-minutes for world-wide events.

Content

This database is a collection of data over 23,000 US earthquakes. It contains data from the year 1638 to 1985. The digital database also includes information regarding epicentral coordinates, magnitudes, focal depths, names and coordinates of reporting cities (or localities), reported intensities, and the distance from the city (or locality) to the epicenter. The majority of felt reports are from the US but there is information about also some other countries such as Antigua and Barbuda, Canada, Mexico, Panama, and the Philippines.

Columns Description

Year Mo Da Hr Mn Sec The Date and Time are listed in Universal Coordinated Time and are Year, Month (Mo), Day (Da), Hour (Hr), Minute (Mn), Second (Sec)

UTC Conv Number of hours to subtract from the Date and Time given in Universal Coordinated Time to get local standard time for the epicenter. In general: 4 = 60 degree meridian (Atlantic Standard Time) 5 = 75 degree meridian (Eastern Standard Time) 6 = 90 degree meridian (Central Standard Time) 7 = 105 degree meridian (Mountain Standard Time) 8 = 120 degree meridian (Pacific Standard Time) 9 = 135 degree meridian (Alaska Standard Time) 10 = 150 degree meridian (Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time)

U/G Unpublished or grouped intensity U = Intensity (MMI) assigned that was not listed in the source document. G = Intensity grouped I-III in the source document was reassigned intensity III.

EQ Lat / EQ Long This is the geographic latitude and longitude of the epicenter expressed as decimal numbers. The units are degrees. The latitude range is +4.0 to +69.0, where "+" designates North latitude (there are no South latitudes in the database). The longitude range is -179.0 to +180.0, where "-" designates West longitude and "+" designates East longitude. Most of the epicenters are West longitude (from -56 to -179), but a few epicenters in the Philippines and Aleutian Islands are East longitude (from +120 to +180).

Mag These are magnitudes as listed in United States Earthquakes, Earthquake History of the United States (either mb, MS, or ML), or the equivalent derived from intensities for pre-instrumental events. The magnitude is a measure of seismic energy. The magnitude scale is logarithmic. An increase of one in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in the recorded wave amplitude. However, the energy release associated with an increase of one in magnitude is not tenfold, but thirtyfold. For example, approximately 900 times more energy is released in an earthquake of magnitude 7 than in an earthquake of magnitude 5. Each increase in magnitude of one unit is equivalent to an increase of seismic energy of about 1,600,000,000,000 ergs.

Depth (km) Hypocentral Depth (positive downward) in kilometers from the surface.

Epi Dis Epicentral Distance in km that the reporting city (or locality) is located from the epicenter of the earthquake.

City Lat / City Long This is the geographic latitude and longitude of the city (or locality) where the Modified Mercalli Intensity was observed, expressed as decimal numbers. The units are degrees. The latitude range is +6.0 to +72.0, where "+" designates North latitude (there are no South latitudes in the database). The longitude range is -177.0 to +180.0, where "-" designates West longitude and "+" designates East longitude. Most of the reporting cities (or localities) are West longitude (from -29 to -177), but a few reporting cities (or localities) in the Philippines and Aleutian Islands are East longitude (from +119 to +180).

MMI Modified Mercalli Scale Intensity (MMI) is given in Roman Numerals. Values range from I to XII. (Roman Numerals were converted to numbers in the digital database. Values range from 1 to 12.) Macroseismic information is compiled from various sources including newspaper articles, foreign broadcasts, U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake reports and seismological station reports.

State Code Numerical i identifier for state, province, or country in which the earthquake was reported (felt) by residents: 01 Alabama 02 Alaska 03 Arizona 04 Arkansas 05 California 07 Colorado 08 Connecticut 09 Delaware 10 District of Columbia 11 Florida 12 Georgia 14 Hawaii 15 Idaho 16 Illinois 17 Indiana 18 Iowa 19 Kansas 20 Kentucky 21 Louisiana 22 Maine 23 Maryland 24 Massachusetts 25 Michigan 26 Minnesota 27 Mississippi 28 Missouri 29 Montana 30 Nebraska 31 Nevada 32 New Hampshire 33 New Jersey 34 New Mexico 35 New York 36 North Carolina 37 North Dakota 38 Ohio 39 Oklahoma 40 Oregon 41 Pennsylvania 42 Puerto Rico 43 Rhode Island 45 South Carolina 46 South Dakota 47 Tennessee 48 Texas 49 Utah 50 Vermont 51 Virginia 52 Virgin Islands 54 Washington 55 West Virginia 56 Wisconsin 57 Wyoming 58 West Indies 74 Panama 75 Philippine Is. 80 Mexico 81 Baja California 90 Canada 91 Alberta 92 Manitoba 93 Saskatchewan 94 British Columbia 95 Ontario 96 New Brunswick 97 Quebec 98 Nova Scotia 99 Yukon Territory City Name City (or locality) in which the earthquake was reported (felt) by residents.

Data Source This is a code referring to the source of one or more of the reported parameters (e.g., epicenter, city, and intensity). A = Source unknown; 1925 earthquake in Boston area (reports not listed in source H). B = Report by Bollinger and Stover, 1976. C = Quarterly Seismological Reports, 1925-27. D = Source unknown; 1937-1977 earthquakes in Hawaii, California, and the eastern U.S. H = Earthquake History of the United States (Coffman and others, 1982). K = Report by Carnegie Institution, 1908, 1910. M = Source unknown; 1899-1912 earthquakes in Alaska. N = Report by Nuttli, 1973. Q = Abstracts of Earthquake Reports for the United States, 1933-70. S = Unpublished report by Nina Scott, 1965. T = Source unknown; 1872-1904 earthquakes along U.S. west coast. U = United States Earthquakes, 1928-85.
W = Monthly Weather Service Seismological Reports, 1914-24.

Number of days in the last year when severe and extreme earthquakes were recorded.

The statistic shows the global death toll due to earthquakes from 2000 to 2015. Around 9,624 people died worldwide in 2015 as a result of earthquakes. Earthquakes

Earthquakes are typically caused by the movement of the earth crusts. These movements cause vibrations which pass through and around the world.

Earthquake Early Warning systems use seismic networks to detect earthquakes very rapidly so that these warnings can protect peoples' lives. Nevertheless, an earthquake may cause injury and death. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, over 316,000 people were killed in the earthquake in Haiti in 2010.

With a total number of 3,000 killed people, the earthquake in San Francisco on April 18, 1906 is the earthquake that caused the most fatalities within the United States. The number of fatalities includes people killed by earthquakes and resulting fires in San Francisco.

The global number of deaths due to earthquakes varies from year to year. In 2010, about 320,120 people died as a result of earthquakes worldwide. In 2012 earthquakes only caused 768 fatalities.

The world’s strongest earthquake in the time period from 1990 and 2013, according to measurement in the Richter scale, was the earthquake in Chile in 1960. With a magnitude of 9.5 this earthquake is the highest ranked earthquake. The Richter scale helps to quantify the energy released by an earthquake. The magnitude of 9.0 and higher is defined as ‘Near or at total destruction - severe damage or collapse to all buildings. Heavy damage and shaking extends to distant locations. Permanent changes in ground topography. Death toll usually over 50,000.’

Government Information Disclosure-Statistics of Monthly Earthquake Frequency.*The download link will be changed starting from September 15, 112, please switch to the new link before December 31, 112, otherwise the old version link will be invalid. For those who need to download a large amount of data, please apply for membership at the Meteorological Data Open Platform https://opendata.cwa.gov.tw/index

This dataset is composed of GPS stations (1 file) and seismometers (1 file) multivariate time series data associated with three types of events (normal activity / medium earthquakes / large earthquakes). Files Format: plain textFiles Creation Date: 02/09/2019Data Type: multivariate time seriesNumber of Dimensions: 3 (east-west, north-south and up-down)Time Series Length: 60 (one data point per second)Period: 2001-2018Geographic Location: -62 ≤ latitude ≤ 73, -179 ≤ longitude ≤ 25Data Collection - Large Earthquakes: GPS stations and seismometers data are obtained from the archive [1]. This archive includes 29 large eathquakes. In order to be able to adopt a homogeneous labeling method, dataset is limited to the data available from the American Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology - IRIS (14 large earthquakes remaining over 29). > GPS stations (14 events): High Rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) displacement data (1-5Hz). Raw observations have been processed with a precise point positioning algorithm [2] to obtain displacement time series in geodetic coordinates. Undifferenced GNSS ambiguities were fixed to integers to improve accuracy, especially over the low frequency band of tens of seconds [3]. Then, coordinates have been rotated to a local east-west, north-south and up-down system. > Seismometers (14 events): seismometers strong motion data (1-10Hz). Channel files are specifying the units, sample rates, and gains of each channel. - Normal Activity / Medium Earthquakes: > GPS stations (255 events: 255 normal activity): High Rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) normal activity displacement data (1Hz). GPS data outside of large earthquake periods can be considered as normal activity (noise). Data is downloaded from [4], an archive maintained by the University of Oregon which stores a representative extract of GPS noise. It is an archive of real-time three component positions for 240 stations in the western U.S. from California to Alaska and spanning from October 2018 to the present day. The raw GPS data (observations of phase and range to visible satellites) are processed with an algorithm called FastLane [5] and converted to 1 Hz sampled positions. Normal activity MTS are randomly sampled from the archive to match the number of seismometers events and to keep a ratio above 30% between the number of large earthquakes MTS and normal activity in order not to encounter a class imbalance issue.> Seismometers (255 events: 170 normal activity, 85 medium earthquakes): seismometers strong motion data (1-10Hz). Time series data collected from the international Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks (FDSN) client available in Python package ObsPy [6]. Channel information is specifying the units, sample rates, and gains of each channel. The number of medium earthquakes is calculated by the ratio of medium over large earthquakes during the past 10 years in the region. A ratio above 30% is kept between the number of 60 seconds MTS corresponding to earthquakes (medium + large) and total (earthquakes + normal activity) number of MTS to prevent a class imbalance issue. The number of GPS stations and seismometers for each event varies (tens to thousands). Preprocessing:- Conversion (seismometers): data are available as digital signal, which is specific for each sensor. Therefore, each instrument digital signal is converted to its physical signal (acceleration) to obtain comparable seismometers data- Aggregation (GPS stations and seismometers): data aggregation by second (mean)Variables:- event_id: unique ID of an event. Dataset is composed of 269 events.- event_time: timestamp of the event occurence - event_magnitude: magnitude of the earthquake (Richter scale)- event_latitude: latitude of the event recorded (degrees)- event_longitude: longitude of the event recorded (degrees)- event_depth: distance below Earth's surface where earthquake happened (km)- mts_id: unique multivariate time series ID. Dataset is composed of 2,072 MTS from GPS stations and 13,265 MTS from seismometers.- station: sensor name (GPS station or seismometer)- station_latitude: sensor (GPS station or seismometer) latitude (degrees)- station_longitude: sensor (GPS station or seismometer) longitude (degrees)- timestamp: timestamp of the multivariate time series- dimension_E: East-West component of the sensor (GPS station or seismometer) signal (cm/s/s)- dimension_N: North-South component of the sensor (GPS station or seismometer) signal (cm/s/s)- dimension_Z: Up-Down component of the sensor (GPS station or seismometer) signal (cm/s/s)- label: label associated with the event. There are 3 labels: normal activity (GPS stations: 255 events, seismometers: 170 events) / medium earthquake (GPS stations: 0 event, seismometers: 85 events) / large earthquake (GPS stations: 14 events, seismometers: 14 events). EEW relies on the detection of the primary wave (P-wave) before the secondary wave (damaging wave) arrive. P-waves follow a propagation model (IASP91 [7]). Therefore, each MTS is labeled based on the P-wave arrival time on each sensor (seismometers, GPS stations) calculated with the propagation model.[1] Ruhl, C. J., Melgar, D., Chung, A. I., Grapenthin, R. and Allen, R. M. 2019. Quantifying the value of real‐time geodetic constraints for earthquake early warning using a global seismic and geodetic data set. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 124:3819-3837.[2] Geng, J., Bock, Y., Melgar, D, Crowell, B. W., and Haase, J. S. 2013. A new seismogeodetic approach applied to GPS and accelerometer observations of the 2012 Brawley seismic swarm: Implications for earthquake early warning. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 14:2124-2142.[3] Geng, J., Jiang, P., and Liu, J. 2017. Integrating GPS with GLONASS for high‐rate seismogeodesy. Geophysical Research Letters 44:3139-3146.[4] http://tunguska.uoregon.edu/rtgnss/data/cwu/mseed/[5] Melgar, D., Melbourne, T., Crowell, B., Geng, J, Szeliga, W., Scrivner, C., Santillan, M. and Goldberg, D. 2019. Real-Time High-Rate GNSS Displacements: Performance Demonstration During the 2019 Ridgecrest, CA Earthquakes (Version 1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo.[6] https://docs.obspy.org/packages/obspy.clients.fdsn.html[7] Kennet, B. L. N. 1991. Iaspei 1991 Seismological Tables. Terra Nova 3:122–122.

This paper explores several data mining and time series analysis methods for predicting the magnitude of the largest seismic event in the next year based on the previously recorded seismic events in the same region. The methods are evaluated on a catalog of 9,042 earthquake events, which took place between 01/01/1983 and 31/12/2010 in the area of Israel and its neighboring countries. The data was obtained from the Geophysical Institute of Israel. Each earthquake record in the catalog is associated with one of 33 seismic regions. The data was cleaned by removing foreshocks and aftershocks. In our study, we have focused on ten most active regions, which account for more than 80% of the total number of earthquakes in the area. The goal is to predict whether the maximum earthquake magnitude in the following year will exceed the median of maximum yearly magnitudes in the same region. Since the analyzed catalog includes only 28 years of complete data, the last five annual records of each regi...

The objective of the study was to examine if there are detectable localized increases in geostationary satellite-derived Land Surface Temperatures (LST) prior to twenty large (Mw>5.5) and shallow (<35km) land-based earthquakes. Two one-year-long datasets are constructed for every study area: one in a year with earthquakes and one in a year without. LST data are normalized based on the methodology described in Pavlidou et al., 2016. Anomalies are detected when normalized values exceed a threshold. Numbers of anomalies are counted in four spatial zones laying at different distances from the earthquakes and in five temporal periods before, during and after the earthquake. Anomaly densities (number of anomalies per zone and per period) are statistically evaluated to see if there exist significant differences between years, periods and locations relative to the earthquakes. The assumption is that a link between earthquakes and anomalies can be established only if significantly more anomalies appear prior to, or during, an earthquake; closer to the earthquake; and only in the year of the earthquake. The calculations and the comparisons are repeated for two different anomaly detection thresholds and for two different definitions of the length of a co-seismic period. .dta and .por versions of SPSS-output files provided by DANS.

The state with the highest number of earthquakes in the contiguous U.S. is California. In 2023, almost 840 quakes of a magnitude over 2.5 on the Richter scale hit California. Texas ranked second that year with 453 earthquakes.

Unearthing Earth's Trembling Tales

Dive deep into history with entries like the "1939 Erzincan earthquake," where 32,700 lives were tragically altered, or the "1940 Vrancea earthquake," also known as the "Bucharest earthquake," which claimed 1,000 souls and left a lasting impact on Romania and Moldova.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F6286349%2F6150658b00c1f41cf75c85dd5a9b80a9%2Fearthquake2.png?generation=1694361418393334&alt=media" alt="">

This dataset isn't just a collection of numbers; it's a voyage through the annals of geological history, offering insights into Earth's remarkable, and sometimes terrifying, power. It's a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and anyone fascinated by the forces that shape our world.

Columns include Year: Records the earthquake's occurrence year, anchoring it in time.

Magnitude: Quantifies the earthquake's energy release and size.

Location: Specifies the geographic origin, down to the region, province, or county.

Depth (km): Reveals the depth of the earthquake's epicenter beneath the Earth's surface.

MMI (Intensity): Rates the earthquake's impact on the surface and structures.

Notes: Provides additional details on damage, casualties, and unique features.

Event: Assigns a distinctive name or label to each earthquake.

Date: Pinpoints the precise calendar date of each seismic event.

Unearth the secrets of seismicity, chart the course of tectonic titans, and discover the stories hidden within the Earth's restless fury. The "Historical Earthquake Chronicles" dataset invites you to explore, learn, and be awed by the forces that have shaped our planet.

Prepare to be shaken and stirred as you embark on this extraordinary journey into the heart of Earth's seismic past!

Currently, there are many datasets describing landslides caused by individual earthquakes, and global inventories of earthquake-induced landslides (EQIL). However, until recently, there were no datasets that provide a comprehensive description of the impacts of earthquake-induced landslide events. In this data release, we present an up-to-date, comprehensive global database containing all literature-documented earthquake-induced landslide events for the 249-year period from 1772 through August 2021. The database represents an update of the catalog developed by Seal et al. (2020), which summarized events through March 2020 and was based on the catalog developed by Nowicki Jessee et al. (2020). The revised catalog contains 281 historical earthquakes, 162 of which include documented landslide fatality counts. This represents an addition of 17 earthquakes since the previous version, 9 with documented landslide fatalities, and a removal of 2 duplicate entries. The database includes (where available) information on earthquake size (moment magnitude (Mw), surface-wave magnitude (Ms), and body-wave magnitude (mb)), depth, earthquake fault type, date and time, location, the availability of a ShakeMap, which estimates the spatial distribution of ground shaking from the USGS ShakeMap system (Worden and Wald, 2016), the availability of a geospatial landslide inventory, information about landslide occurrence (number of landslides, area or volume of landsliding, area affected by landsliding, landslide magnitude), earthquake/landslide impact (total fatalities, landslide fatalities, and number of injuries due to the effects of the earthquake), and USGS Ground Failure Tool estimates (estimated area and population exposed to landsliding). The full dataset of all known landslide-triggering events is provided as “EQIL Database 2022.csv,” including information on the data source(s) for each data component. A subset of the dataset, showing only those events for which landslide fatality counts are available, is provided as “EQIL Database LSFatality 2022.csv.” This subset only includes those columns from "EQIL Database 2022.csv" which are necessary for landslide fatality data analysis and omits columns such as source columns and secondary values.

This dataset contains the number of earthquakes, incident-parameters and trend-parameters from the earthquakes in the KNMI catalogue that took place on the Groningen gas field. The number of earthquakes are categorized by year and magnitude. The incident-parameters are the maximum PGA and PGV values of the last earthquake with magnitude >= 2.0 processed by KNMI's RRSM system. The trend-parameters (number of earthquakes and maximum earthquake density) are computed following the definition by SodM. Disclaimer: New earthquakes are assigned to the Groningen gas field by means of an automatic procedure, based on the location. It is possible that, after manual analysis, the quake is nevertheless attributed to another source of induced seismicity, as a result of which the list of earthquakes belonging to the Groningen gas field may change.