The Ecosystem Mapping Layer was created by the Taranaki Regional Council to support the identification and analysis of potential ecosystems and associated threat categories within the region. The dataset combines multiple data sources to provide accurate spatial information essential for conservation planning and ecosystem management. This layer aids in the understanding of regional ecosystems and the threats they face, contributing to informed decision-making in environmental monitoring and resource management.Title: Ecosystem Mapping LayerDate created: 05/10/2020Last updated: 12/02/2024Layers:Potential Ecosystems: Feature layer representing the distribution of potential ecosystems in the region.Potential Ecosystem Threat Categories: Feature layer identifying the threat levels faced by different ecosystems.Purpose: To provide accurate spatial data on potential ecosystems and their associated threats for environmental conservation and resource management in the Taranaki Region.Language: EnglishFormat: Vector (Polygon)Type: Feature LayerSpatial Coverage: Taranaki Region, New ZealandProjection: NZGD2000 / New Zealand Transverse Mercator 2000Source: Derived from multiple environmental data sources and updated with aerial photography for accuracy.Version Control: v1.0

This dataset is part of a dataset series that establishes an ecosystem service maps (national scale) for a set of services prioritised through stakeholder consultation and any intermediate layers created by Environment Systems Ltd in the cause of the project. The individual dataset resources in the datasets series are to be considered in conjunction with the project report: https://www.npws.ie/research-projects/ecosystems-services-mapping-and-assessment The project provides a National Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services (ES) map for a suite of prioritised services to assist implementation of MAES (Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their services) in Ireland. This involves stakeholder consultation for identification of services to be mapped, the development of a list of indicators and proxies for mapping, as well as an assessment of limitations to ES mapping on differing scales (Local, Catchment, Region, National, EU) based on data availability. Reporting on data gaps forms part of the project outputs. The project relied on the usage of pre-existing data, which was also utilised to create intermediate data layers to aid in ES mapping. For a full list of the data used throughout the project workings, please refer to the project report.

Maps of ecosystem dominance generated from the GlobES ecosystem data cube. For each year in our time series, we iterated through each pixel, and classified it with a unique identifier corresponding to the ecosystem type with the highest area. The GlobES Data Cube includes global time-series for 65 ecosystem types and, therefore, the current dataset has a maximum of 65 classes. The output was a time-series of 27 yearly layers depicting changes in per-pixel ecosystem dominance between 1992 and 2018.The list of classes and the corresponding unique grid identifiers is described in "legend.csv", which contains information on:- Class identifier within the GlobES Data Cube ("class_id")- Numeric identifier within the current dataset ("grid_id")- Class name ("long_name" and "short_name")- Ecosystem class group (ecosystem_group")

This webmap is a collaboration between the California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and the California Dept of Fish and Game (CDFG).The CNPS Vegetation Program has worked for over 15 years to provide standards and tools for identifying and representing vegetation, as an important feature of California's natural heritage and biodiversity. Many knowledgeable ecologists and botanists support the program as volunteers and paid staff. Through grants, contracts, and grass-roots efforts, CNPS collects field data and compiles information into reports, manuals, and maps on California's vegetation, ecology and rare plants in order to better protect and manage them. We provide these services to governmental, non-governmental and other organizations, and we collaborate on vegetation resource assessment projects around the state. CNPS is also the publisher of the authoritative Manual of California Vegetation, you can purchase a copy HERE. To support the work of the CNPS, please JOIN NOW and become a member!The CDFG Vegetation Classification and Mapping Program develops and maintains California's expression of the National Vegetation Classification System. We implement its use through assessment and mapping projects in high-priority conservation and management areas, through training programs, and through working continuously on best management practices for field assessment, classification of vegetation data, and fine-scale vegetation mapping.HOW THE OVERLAY LAYERS WERE CREATED:Nserve and GapLC Sources: Early shortcomings in the NVC standard led to Natureserve's development of a mid-scale mapping-friendly "Ecological Systems" standard roughly corresponding to the "Group" level of the NVC, which facilitated NVC-based mapping of entire continents. Current scientific work is leading to the incorporation of Ecological Systems into the NVC as group and macrogroup concepts are revised. Natureserve and Gap Ecological Systems layers differ slightly even though both were created from 30m landsat data and both follow the NVC-related Ecological Systems Classification curated by Natureserve. In either case, the vector overlay was created by first enforcing a .3ha minimum mapping unit, that required deleting any classes consisting of fewer than 4 contiguous landsat cells either side-side or cornerwise. This got around the statistical problem of numerous single-cell classes with types that seemed improbable given their matrix, and would have been inaccurate to use as an n=1 sample compared to the weak but useable n=4 sample. A primary goal in this elimination was to best preserve riparian and road features that might only be one pixel wide, hence the use of cornerwise contiguous groupings. Eliminated cell groups were absorbed into whatever neighboring class they shared the longest boundary with. The remaining raster groups were vectorized with light simplification to smooth out the stairstep patterns of raster data and hopefully improve the fidelity of the boundaries with the landscape. The resultant vectors show a range of fidelity with the landscape, where there is less apparent fidelity it must be remembered that ecosystems are normally classified with a mixture of visible and non-visible characteristics including soil, elevation and slope. Boundaries can be assigned based on the difference between 10% shrub cover and 20% shrub cover. Often large landscape areas would create "godzilla" polygons of more than 50,000 vertices, which can affect performance. These were eliminated using SIMPLIFY POLYGONS to reduce vertex spacing from 30m down to 50-60m where possible. Where not possible DICE was used, which bisects all large polygons with arbitrary internal divisions until no polygon has more than 50,000 vertices. To create midscale layers, ecological systems were dissolved into the macrogroups that they belonged to and resymbolized on macrogroup. This was another frequent source for godzillas as larger landscape units were delineate, so simplify and dice were then run again. Where the base ecol system tiles could only be served up by individual partition tile, macrogroups typically exhibited a 10-1 or 20-1 reduction in feature count allowing them to be assembled into single integrated map services by region, ie NW, SW. CNPS / CDFW / National Park Service Sources: (see also base service definition page) Unlike the Landsat-based raster modelling of the Natureserve and Gap national ecological systems, the CNPS/CDFW/NPS data date back to the origin of the National Vegetation Classification effort to map the US national parks in the mid 1990's.
These mapping efforts are a hybrid of photo-interpretation, satellite and corollary data to create draft ecological land units, which are then sampled by field crews and traditional vegetation plot surveys to quantify and analyze vegetation composition and distribution into the final vector boundaries of the formal NVC classes identified and classified. As such these are much more accurate maps, but the tradeoff is they are only done on one field project area at a time so there is not yet a national or even statewide coverage of these detailed maps.
However, with almost 2/3d's of California already mapped, that time is approaching. The challenge in creating standard map layers for this wide diversity of projects over the 2 decades since NVC began is the extensive evolution in the NVC standard itself as well as evolution in the field techniques and tools. To create a consistent set of map layers, a master crosswalk table was built using every different classification known at the time each map was created and then crosswalking each as best as could be done into a master list of the currently-accepted classifications. This field is called the "NVC_NAME" in each of these layers, and it contains a mixture of scientific names and common names at many levels of the classification from association to division, whatever the ecologists were able to determine at the time. For further precision, this field is split out into scientific name equivalents and common name equivalents.MAP LAYER NAMING: The data sublayers in this webmap are all based on the US National Vegetation Classification, a partnership of the USGS GAP program, US Forest Service, Ecological Society of America and Natureserve, with adoption and support from many federal & state agencies and nonprofit conservation groups. The USNVC grew out of the US National Park Service Vegetation Mapping Program, a mid-1990's effort led by The Nature Conservancy, Esri and the University of California. The classification standard is now an international standard, with associated ecological mapping occurring around the world. NVC is a hierarchical taxonomy of 8 levels, from top down: Class, Subclass, Formation, Division, Macrogroup, Group, Alliance, Association. The layers in this webmap represent 4 distinct programs: 1. The California Native Plant Society/Calif Dept of Fish & Wildlife Vegetation Classification and Mapping Program (Full Description of these layers is at the CNPS MS10 Service Registration Page and Cnps MS10B Service Registration Page . 2. USGS Gap Protected Areas Database, full description at the PADUS registration page . 3. USGS Gap Landcover, full description below 4. Natureserve Ecological Systems, full description belowLAYER NAMING: All Layer names follow this pattern: Source - Program - Level - Scale - RegionSource - Program = who created the data: Nserve = Natureserve, GapLC = USGS Gap Program Landcover Data PADUS = USGS Gap Protected Areas of the USA program Cnps/Cdfw = California Native Plant Society/Calif Dept of Fish & Wildlife, often followed by the project name such as: SFhill = Sierra Foothills, Marin Open Space, MMWD = Marin Municipal Water District etc. National Parks are included and may be named by their standard 4-letter code ie YOSE = Yosemite, PORE = Point Reyes.Level: The level in the NVC Hierarchy which this layer is based on: Base = Alliances and Associations Mac = Macrogroups Sub = SubclassesScale: One of 3 basic scales at which this layer will appear: Base = base scale, approx 1:1k up to 1:36k Mid = 72k to about 500k Out = 1m to 10mRegion: The region that this layer covers, ie USA=USA, WEST= western USA,
Marin = Marin County. May not appear if redundant to the Source-Program text.LABEL & COLOR: These overlays utilize a separate labelling layer to make it easy to include or not include labels, as needed. These are named the same as the layer they label, with "LABEL" added, and often the color used for that label layer in order to help tell them apart on the map. Note there can be multiple different label layers for the same set of polygons, depending upon the attribute or naming style desired, ie scientific names or common names. Finally the order of these services in the sublayers of a map service is normally designed so that ALL of the label services appear above ANY/ALL of the vector services they refer to, to prevent a vector service writing on top of a label and obscuring it.MAP LAYER CATALOGThis map includes a test segment of Natureserve Ecological Systems in the US Southwest, with the following layers and sublayers:GapNsUSA BoundaryMasksALB2: A grid showing the boundaries that define each partition tile of the national vegetation map services, with regional and state boundaries in the USGS Gap US Albers projectionPadus Gap13 WM Base Scale plus Label: (Full PADUS FGDC Metadata here) Overlay vectors at 1k to 288k scale with separate 1k-288k Labelling services for one of 3 different attributes: --Landowner Name: Land owner and primary entity responsible for managing parcel when ‘Manager Name’ is not attributed (e.g. USFS, State Fish and

This dataset is part of a dataset series that establishes an ecosystem service maps (national scale) for a set of services prioritised through stakeholder consultation and any intermediate layers created by Environment Systems Ltd in the cause of the project. The individual dataset resources in the datasets series are to be considered in conjunction with the project report: https://www.npws.ie/research-projects/ecosystems-services-mapping-and-assessment The project provides a National Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services (ES) map for a suite of prioritised services to assist implementation of MAES (Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their services) in Ireland. This involves stakeholder consultation for identification of services to be mapped, the development of a list of indicators and proxies for mapping, as well as an assessment of limitations to ES mapping on differing scales (Local, Catchment, Region, National, EU) based on data availability. Reporting on data gaps forms part of the project outputs. The project relied on the usage of pre-existing data, which was also utilised to create intermediate data layers to aid in ES mapping. For a full list of the data used throughout the project workings, please refer to the project report.

This data set provides four land cover and ecosystem classification maps for northern Alaska. The maps were produced for several projects and from different data sources including Landsat imagery and existing maps and models, and cover a range of ecosystem and vegetation classes. The data used to derive the maps covered the period 1976-08-04 to 2014-09-01.

This file set includes:Two raster datasets of marine ecosystems in Spencer Gulf produced for a cumulative impact assessment. There is one raster for the benthic ecosystems and one for the pelagic ecosystem. For each of the rasters there is an associated projection file with the same name.Two tiff files of the ecosystem maps (illustrating what they look like when plotted)A metadata text file with details of the spatial data layers and their projection - as well as sources of further information.

This dataset is part of a dataset series that establishes an ecosystem service maps (national scale) for a set of services prioritised through stakeholder consultation and any intermediate layers created by Environment Systems Ltd in the cause of the project. The individual dataset resources in the datasets series are to be considered in conjunction with the project report: https://www.npws.ie/research-projects/ecosystems-services-mapping-and-assessment The project provides a National Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services (ES) map for a suite of prioritised services to assist implementation of MAES (Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their services) in Ireland. This involves stakeholder consultation for identification of services to be mapped, the development of a list of indicators and proxies for mapping, as well as an assessment of limitations to ES mapping on differing scales (Local, Catchment, Region, National, EU) based on data availability. Reporting on data gaps forms part of the project outputs. The project relied on the usage of pre-existing data, which was also utilised to create intermediate data layers to aid in ES mapping. For a full list of the data used throughout the project workings, please refer to the project report.

This map is commonly called Bailey's ecoregions and shows ecosystems of regional extent in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, based on conditions in 1994. Four levels of detail are included to show a hierarchy of ecosystems. The largest ecosystems are domains, which are groups of related climates and which are differentiated based on precipitation and temperature. Divisions represent the climates within domains and are differentiated based on precipitation levels and patterns as well as temperature. Divisions are subdivided into provinces, which are differentiated based on vegetation or other natural land covers. The finest level of detail is described by subregions, called sections, which are subdivisions of provinces based on terrain features. Also identified are mountainous areas that exhibit different ecological zones based on elevation. Also included are maps of the Bailey Ecoregions of the United States in multiple formats and sizes.These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:7,500,000-scale data.Data were originally published on 02/23/2016. Minor metadata updates were made on 07/21/2016 and 12/19/2016. On 12/03/2019, the metadata was updated to include links to this National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) which was also available as a map service. Effective 03/12/2021, these data were no longer considered an NGDA so the link to the map service was removed on 03/22/2024 along with a few other minor metadata updates.

This accrued data was created according to the the British Columbia standards for ecosystem mapping at scales of 1:5,000 to 1:50,000. These mapping standards use a three-level classification hierarchy of ecological units, including ecoregion units and biogeoclimatic units at broader levels, and site units and vegetation developmental stages (combined as ecosystem units) at a more detailed scale. Ecoregion classification is hierarchical, with five levels of generalization; the lowest level, ecosection, is used here. Biogeoclimatic classification includes four levels, including zone, subzone, variant, and phase. Ecoregion and biogeoclimatic units are broad-level delineations derived from provincial maps. Within these broader units, site-level polygons describe ecosystem units composed of site series, site modifiers, and structural stages. At the first stage of ecosystem mapping, ecosystem units are delineated on aerial photographs following a bioterrain approach. To draw and label polygons, the mapper considers vegetation, topographic, and terrain (surficial geology) features. Site, vegetation and terrain attributes are recorded in a polygon database, and final map completed. The polygons are digitized and compiled in a geographic information system.Metro Vancouver TEM Database Dictionary

A raster dataset detailing to how many ecological networks an area contributes. Networks considered are the grassland, woodland, wetland, and upland network.

This dataset is part of a dataset series that establishes an ecosystem service maps (national scale) for a set of services prioritised through stakeholder consultation and any intermediate layers created by Environment Systems Ltd in the cause of the project. The individual dataset resources in the datasets series are to be considered in conjunction with the project report: https://www.npws.ie/research-projects/ecosystems-services-mapping-and-assessment

The project provides a National Ecosystem and Ecosystem Services (ES) map for a suite of prioritised services to assist implementation of MAES (Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their services) in Ireland.

This involves stakeholder consultation for identification of services to be mapped, the development of a list of indicators and proxies for mapping, as well as an assessment of limitations to ES mapping on differing scales (Local, Catchment, Region, National, EU) based on data availability. Reporting on data gaps forms part of the project outputs.

The project relied on the usage of pre-existing data, which was also utilised to create intermediate data layers to aid in ES mapping. For a full list of the data used throughout the project workings, please refer to the project report.

The Digital Map of European Ecological Regions DMEER- delineates and describes ecological distinct areas in Europe, on the basis of updated knowledge of climatic, topographic and geobotanical European data, together with the judgement of a large team of experts from several European nature related Institutions and the WWF. The objective of the map of ecological regions in Europe is to show the extent of areas with relatively homogeneous ecological conditions, within which, comparisons and assessments of different expressions of biodiversity are meaningful.

[Summary provided by the European Environment Agency.]

This data package includes an ArcMap geodatabase: a polygon feature class, associated attribute table and metadata. The spatial data, JERStateMap_v1.gdb.zip, represents the ecological sites and states on the Jornada Experimental Range. The attribute table for the spatial data, JERStateMap.csv, and a summary of the spatial metadata, JERStateMapMetadata.pdf, are also included.

Report contains data that can be used under Open Government Licence. Main report mostly narrative. 3 technical reports contain data.

This project is collaboration with Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) Programme to tap into the expertise and data already collected by BESS to answer several evidence needs for policy: 1. Improving our ability to map ecosystem services at different geographical scales. This work will build on work initiated by the BESS projects to record, build on and share good practice between groups developing spatially explicit maps of ecosystem services. It will also identify possible short and longer term options to address data, modelling and presentation issues to allow this approach to be robustly applied in new circumstances and new areas. This will be closely linked to customer needs with a view to informing prioritisation of action and resource targeting at the local and national level. 2. Provide evidence to assist the Natural Capital Committee, Defra and the Agencies, by exploring the contribution that Natura 2000 sites make to ecological resilience and the provision of ecosystem services, with a view to exploring the options for applying the ecosystem approach to mitigation of development impacts to reduce regulatory costs and increase ecological benefits. .

Ecological processes occur over multiple spatial, temporal and thematic scales in three-dimensional (3D) ecosystems. Characterizing and monitoring change in 3D structure at multiple scales is challenging within the practical constraints of conventional ecological tools. Remote sensing from satellites and crewed aircraft has revolutionized broad-scale spatial ecology, but fine-scale patterns and processes operating at sub-metre resolution have remained understudied over continuous extents. We introduce two high-resolution remote sensing tools for rapid and accurate 3D mapping in ecology—terrestrial laser scanning and structure-from-motion photogrammetry. These technologies are likely to become standard sampling tools for mapping and monitoring 3D ecosystem structure across currently under-sampled scales. We present practical guidance in the use of the tools and address barriers to widespread adoption, including testing the accuracy of structure-from-motion models for ecologists. We aim to highlight a new era in spatial ecology that uses high-resolution remote sensing to interrogate 3D digital ecosystems.

link to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Landscape Ecology Program's Ecological Mapping Systems page

A spatial indicator of ecological status for valuation of biodiversity across the UK, based on species occurrence records was developed. UK species occurrence data were collated from the Biological Records Centre (BRC). The mean ecological status was calculated across all taxonomic groups for the 2000 to 2013 time period, relative to the species richness maximums from the 1970-1990 time period, showing differences as colours.

Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping (TEM) project boundaries contains (study areas) and attributes describing each project (project level metadata), plus links to the locations of other data associated with the project (e.g., reports, polygon datasets, plotfiles, field data, legends).TEM divides the landscape into units according to a variety of ecological features including climate, physiography, surficial material, bedrock geology, soils and vegetation. This layer is derived from the STE_TEI_PROJECT_BOUNDARIES_SP layer by filtering on the PROJECT_TYPE attribute. Project Types include: TEM, NEM, TEMNSS, NEMNSS, TEMPRE, NEMPRE, TEMSEI, TEMSET, TEMTSM, TEMWHR, TEMSDM, TEMPRW, NEMPRW, and TEMSEW. Current version: v11 (published on 2024-10-03) Previous versions: v10 (published on 2023-11-14), v9 (published on 2023-03-01), v8 (published on 2016-09-01)

TEM_ GT20K contains TEM polygons with key and amalgamated (concatenated) attributes derived from the RISC (Resource Inventory Standards Committee) standard attributes completed at a scale greater than 1:20 000 (i.e. 1:10 000 or 1:5 000). TEM divides the landscape into units according to a variety of ecological features including climate, physiography, surficial material, bedrock geology, soils and vegetation. TEM methods include manual air photo interpretation supported by selective field checking. This layer is derived from the STE_TEI_ATTRIBUTE_POLYS_SP layer by filtering on the PROJECT_TYPE and PROJECT_MAP_SCALE attributes Current version: v11 (published on 2024-10-03) Previous versions: v10 (published on 2023-11-14), v9 (published on 2023-03-01), v8 (published on 2016-09-01)

The Ecosystem Mapping Layer was created by the Taranaki Regional Council to support the identification and analysis of potential ecosystems and associated threat categories within the region. The dataset combines multiple data sources to provide accurate spatial information essential for conservation planning and ecosystem management. This layer aids in the understanding of regional ecosystems and the threats they face, contributing to informed decision-making in environmental monitoring and resource management.Title: Ecosystem Mapping LayerDate created: 05/10/2020Last updated: 12/02/2024Layers:Potential Ecosystems: Feature layer representing the distribution of potential ecosystems in the region.Potential Ecosystem Threat Categories: Feature layer identifying the threat levels faced by different ecosystems.Purpose: To provide accurate spatial data on potential ecosystems and their associated threats for environmental conservation and resource management in the Taranaki Region.Language: EnglishFormat: Vector (Polygon)Type: Feature LayerSpatial Coverage: Taranaki Region, New ZealandProjection: NZGD2000 / New Zealand Transverse Mercator 2000Source: Derived from multiple environmental data sources and updated with aerial photography for accuracy.Version Control: v1.0