This statistic shows the share of gross domestic product in Egypt in 2017, by economic activity. In that year, the share of GDP generated by the mining, quarrying as well as the manufacturing and utilities sector was about **** percent in Egypt.

Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Local Currency: Agriculture data was reported at 6,263.000 EGP mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6,851.000 EGP mn for 2016. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Local Currency: Agriculture data is updated yearly, averaging 2,548.000 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,851.000 EGP mn in 2016 and a record low of 579.000 EGP mn in 1992. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Local Currency: Agriculture data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.

Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Agriculture data was reported at 2,395.000 EGP mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,976.000 EGP mn for 2016. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Agriculture data is updated yearly, averaging 467.000 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,395.000 EGP mn in 2017 and a record low of 123.000 EGP mn in 1997. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Agriculture data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.

This statistic shows the distribution of the gross domestic product (GDP) across economic sectors in Egypt from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, agriculture contributed around 11.57 percent to the GDP of Egypt, 32.12 percent came from the industry and 51.28 percent from the service sector.

Abstract

THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 50% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE CENTRAL AGENCY FOR PUBLIC MOBILIZATION AND STATISTICS

Economic Census is considered the main source for information about the economic activities in Egypt. The Economic Census provides a huge amount of data which sheds light on the components and elements of economic activity by providing a complete, comprehensive and detailed image of economic establishments in various sectors according to the most recent international standards and concepts.

The main goals of the Economic Census 1- Providing a comprehensive image and detailed information of the structure and characteristics of the various economic activities and their geographical distributions that enable measuring the economic performance. 2- Providing a complete and detailed information about the value of inputs and outputs, separately for each economic activity, at the governorate level and for Egypt. 3- Measuring the contribution of each economic activity in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and assess its relative importance for each economic activity compared to other economic activities within national economy, at the governorate level and for Egypt. 4- Providing data about the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (number of establishments and employees, wages, …. etc.), for economic activities at the governorate level and for Egypt.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Establishment

Universe

The Census covered a national sample of Establishments.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The Establishment Census, carried out within the context of the Population, Housing and Establishment census of 2017 was taken as the framework for the EC census, which includes only operating and temporarily closed establishments (government establishments were excluded). This framework consists of 4,119,716 establishments, out of which 15,496 establishments are covered in the regular statistics. The frame was divided into two parts, the first represents the active establishments and the second is those temporary closed. The frame of the operating establishment, was divided into: A) Regular statistics Establishments, B) Rare Activities' establishments (activities with 30 establishments or less all over the governorate). C) The rest of establishments was divided as follows: - Big establishments with 10 employees or more, - Establishments with (5 - 9) employees, - Establishments with (1-4) employees. The selected sample size for each group was define as follows: - All establishments (complete coverage) for the following groups: (A) Regular statistics establishments, (B) Rare activities' Establishments, (C) Big establishments, - 50% of establishments with (5 - 9) employees. - 5% of establishments with (1- 4) employees. - 10% of all establishments which were temporarily closed during the Population, Housing and Establishment Census, 2017.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi] & Face-to- Face [f2f]

Research instrument

A total of 36 questionnaires were developed to cover both Regular statistics and the EC sample, as follows:

Part one: Regular statistics, which includes all establishments in both Public and Public Business Sectors, and some private sector establishments, which are regularly conducted annually. Part two: Including private sector establishments covered in the EC using sampling method, for those which aren't covered by regular statistics.

The Economic Census Questionnaires: Twelve questionnaires were designed for the 2018/2017 Economic Census to collect data from all economic activities in the private sector, which are not covered in the regular statistics. These activities include: - Mining and quarrying activities, establishments (9 employees and less), - Manufacturing Activities (9 employees and less), - Activities of Repair and maintenance of motor vehicles, personal and household goods, - Wholesale and Retail-sale Activities, - Restaurants, food & beverage, and bar services activities, - Transportation and Storage Activities, - Business, social and personal services Activities. - Education activities, institutes and colleges, - Other educational activities, - Agricultural activities, - Communication activities, - Construction activities.

Regular statistics' Questionnaires: All 24 questionnaires of the regular statistics were developed, reviewed, and unified to be in line with EC questionnaires and the national accounts' requirements.

Note: The questionnaires can be seen in the documentation tab.

Response rate

The total respone rate is 96.68%. Response rates by stratum are presented in the methodology document attached to the documentation materials published in Arabic.

Egypt Deposits: Sector: Local Currency data was reported at 2,120,787.000 EGP mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,691,590.000 EGP mn for 2016. Egypt Deposits: Sector: Local Currency data is updated yearly, averaging 310,870.000 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,120,787.000 EGP mn in 2017 and a record low of 39,865.000 EGP mn in 1991. Egypt Deposits: Sector: Local Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.

The statistic shows the distribution of employment in Egypt by economic sector from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, 18.69 percent of the employees in Egypt were active in the agricultural sector, 28.6 percent in industry and 52.7 percent in the services sector.

Egypt Public Investment Expenditures data was reported at 203,885.700 EGP mn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 99,777.000 EGP mn for Sep 2024. Egypt Public Investment Expenditures data is updated quarterly, averaging 29,960.150 EGP mn from Sep 2002 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 90 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 294,249.400 EGP mn in Jun 2024 and a record low of 7,337.300 EGP mn in Mar 2003. Egypt Public Investment Expenditures data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Planning, Economic Development and International Cooperation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.O005: Public Investment Expenditures: by Economic Activities.

This data package includes the underlying data files to replicate the data and charts presented in Egypt’s 2023-24 economic crisis: Will this time be different? by Ruchir Agarwal and Adnan Mazarei, PIIE Policy Brief 24-6.

If you use the data, please cite as: Agarwal, Ruchir, and Adnan Mazarei. 2024. Egypt’s 2023-24 economic crisis: Will this time be different?. PIIE Policy Brief 24-6. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Industry data was reported at 88,530.000 EGP mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 44,570.000 EGP mn for 2016. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 14,718.000 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 88,530.000 EGP mn in 2017 and a record low of 5,365.000 EGP mn in 1994. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.

This project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series.

In 2018, the average inflation rate in Egypt amounted to about 20.85 percent, a slight decrease compared to the previous year, when it peaked at 23.53 percent.

Political unrest

Egypt has been shaken by political unrest and turmoil for years now, and these events affect the economy as well. On January 25, 2011, Egyptians started protesting police brutality under then-president Hosni Mubarak, demanding an end to his reign. The protests were met with violence by armed forces, resulting in more unrest and looting. In the end, hundreds of Egyptians had lost their lives and over 6,000 were injured. After Mubarak’s subsequent resignation and the Muslim Brotherhood taking power in the country, Mohamed Morsi was elected President in 2012. He also was overthrown a year later after protests and was imprisoned. The current President, Abdel Fattah es-Sisi, was involved in overthrowing Morsi and took office in June 2014. Sisi introduced a number of economic reforms, but they did not succeed in stabilizing Egypt’s economy.

Economic unrest

2017 saw the Egyptian inflation rate skyrocket from 10.2 percent in 2016 to more than double that at 23.5 percent. Ever since, inflation has recovered only slowly, although projections today see it levelling off below ten percent in the future. Around the same year, Egypt’s GDP dropped to below 240 billion U.S. dollars, a historical low. Unemployment, another key indicator, has steadily been between 12 to 13 percent - one reason for this is Egypt’s reliance on agriculture, which does not factor into the unemployment rate. National debt has also increased dramatically over the last few years. All in all, the times of economic unrest are not yet over.

Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Local Currency: Services data was reported at 147,640.000 EGP mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 119,610.000 EGP mn for 2015. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Local Currency: Services data is updated yearly, averaging 25,451.500 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2016, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 147,640.000 EGP mn in 2016 and a record low of 3,976.000 EGP mn in 1991. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Local Currency: Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.

Abstract

THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE CENTRAL AGENCY FOR PUBLIC MOBILIZATION AND STATISTICS (CAPMAS)

In any society, the human element represents the basis of the work force which exercises all the service and production activities. Therefore, it is a mandate to produce labor force statistics and studies, that is related to the growth and distribution of manpower and labor force distribution by different types and characteristics.

In this context, the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics conducts "Quarterly Labor Force Survey" which includes data on the size of manpower and labor force (employed and unemployed) and their geographical distribution by their characteristics.

By the end of each year, CAPMAS issues the annual aggregated labor force bulletin publication that includes the results of the quarterly survey rounds that represent the manpower and labor force characteristics during the year.

----> Historical Review of the Labor Force Survey:

1- The First Labor Force survey was undertaken in 1957. The first round was conducted in November of that year, the survey continued to be conducted in successive rounds (quarterly, bi-annually, or annually) till now.

2- Starting the October 2006 round, the fieldwork of the labor force survey was developed to focus on the following two points: a. The importance of using the panel sample that is part of the survey sample, to monitor the dynamic changes of the labor market. b. Improving the used questionnaire to include more questions, that help in better defining of relationship to labor force of each household member (employed, unemployed, out of labor force ...etc.). In addition to re-order of some of the already existing questions in much logical way.

3- Starting the January 2008 round, the used methodology was developed to collect more representative sample during the survey year. this is done through distributing the sample of each governorate into five groups, the questionnaires are collected from each of them separately every 15 days for 3 months (in the middle and the end of the month)

----> The survey aims at covering the following topics:

1- Measuring the size of the Egyptian labor force among civilians (for all governorates of the republic) by their different characteristics. 2- Measuring the employment rate at national level and different geographical areas. 3- Measuring the distribution of employed people by the following characteristics: gender, age, educational status, occupation, economic activity, and sector. 4- Measuring unemployment rate at different geographic areas. 5- Measuring the distribution of unemployed people by the following characteristics: gender, age, educational status, unemployment type "ever employed/never employed", occupation, economic activity, and sector for people who have ever worked.

The raw survey data provided by the Statistical Agency were cleaned and harmonized by the Economic Research Forum, in the context of a major project that started in 2009. During which extensive efforts have been exerted to acquire, clean, harmonize, preserve and disseminate micro data of existing labor force surveys in several Arab countries.

Geographic coverage

Covering a sample of urban and rural areas in all the governorates.

Analysis unit

1- Household/family. 2- Individual/person.

Universe

The survey covered a national sample of households and all individuals permanently residing in surveyed households.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

THE CLEANED AND HARMONIZED VERSION OF THE SURVEY DATA PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH FORUM REPRESENTS 100% OF THE ORIGINAL SURVEY DATA COLLECTED BY THE CENTRAL AGENCY FOR PUBLIC MOBILIZATION AND STATISTICS (CAPMAS)

----> Sample Design and Selection

The sample of the LFS 2009 survey is a simple systematic random sample.

----> Sample Size

The sample size in each quarter is 21,000 households with a total number of 84,000 households annually. These households are distributed on the governorate level (urban/rural).

A more detailed description of the different sampling stages and allocation of sample across governorates is provided in the Methodology document available among external resources in Arabic.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire design follows the latest International Labor Organization (ILO) concepts and definitions of labor force, employment, and unemployment.

The questionnaire comprises 4 tables in addition to the identification and geographic data of household on the cover page.

----> Table 1- The housing conditions of the households

This table includes information on the housing conditions of the household: - Type of the dwelling - Tenure of the dwelling (owned/rent) - Availability of facilities and services connected to the house - Ownership of durables.

----> Table 2- Demographic and employment characteristics and basic data for all household individuals

Including: gender, age, educational status, marital status, residence mobility and current work status

----> Table 3- Employment characteristics table

This table is filled by employed individuals at the time of the survey or those who were engaged to work during the reference week, and provided information on: - Relationship to employer: employer, self-employed, waged worker, and unpaid family worker - Economic activity - Sector - Occupation - Effective working hours - Health and social insurance - Work place - Contract type - Average monthly wage

----> Table 4- Unemployment characteristics table

This table is filled by all unemployed individuals who satisfied the unemployment criteria, and provided information on: - Type of unemployment (unemployed, unemployed ever worked) - Economic activity and occupation in the last held job before being unemployed - Last unemployment duration in months - Main reason for unemployment

Cleaning operations

----> Raw Data

Office editing is one of the main stages of the survey. It started once the questionnaires were received from the field and accomplished by the selected work groups. It includes: a-Editing of coverage and completeness b-Editing of consistency

----> Harmonized Data

• The SPSS is used to clean and harmonize the datasets.
• The harmonization process starts with a cleaning process for all raw data files received from the Statistical Agency.
• All cleaned data files are then merged to produce one data file on the individual level containing all variables subject to harmonization.
• A country-specific program is generated for each dataset to generate/ compute/ recode/ rename/ format/ label harmonized variables.
• A post-harmonization cleaning process is then conducted on the data.
• Harmonized data is saved on the household as well as the individual level, in SPSS and then converted to STATA, to be disseminated.

Based on the State Ownership Policy document approved in late December 2022 by Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi, the Egyptian government planned to withdraw over three years, maintain or decrease, or maintain or increase its presence in several economic sectors and activities. The government planned to withdraw from 83 percent of the agriculture sector in the next three years. Furthermore, government involvement in the sports sector was expected to be maintained or decreased by 100 percent. In contrast, the government planned to hold or increase presence by 89 percent in the education sector.

Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Services data was reported at 95,729.000 EGP mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 42,959.000 EGP mn for 2016. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Services data is updated yearly, averaging 15,306.000 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95,729.000 EGP mn in 2017 and a record low of 4,683.000 EGP mn in 1994. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.

Based on the State Ownership Policy document approved in late December 2022 by Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi, the Egyptian government planned to withdraw over three years, maintain or decrease, or maintain or increase its presence in several economic sectors and activities. In the manufacturing sector, the Egyptian government planned to withdraw from 90 percent of the textile industry in the next three years. Moreover, government involvement in the mining industry was expected to be maintained or decreased by 60 percent. In contrast, the government planned to hold or increase presence by 17 percent in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Inflation Rate in Egypt decreased to 12 percent in August from 13.90 percent in July of 2025. This dataset provides - Egypt Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Abstract

"The Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey, carried out by the Economic Research Forum (ERF) in cooperation with Egypt’s Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) since 1998, has become the mainstay of labor market and human resource development research in Egypt, being the first and most comprehensive source of publicly available micro data on the subject.

The 2012 round of the survey provides a unique opportunity to ascertain the impact of the momentous events accompanying the January 25th revolution on the Egyptian economy and labor market and on the lives of Egyptian workers and their families. The Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey of 2012 (ELMPS 2012) is the third round of this longitudinal survey, which was also carried out in 2006.

The ELMPS is a wide-ranging, nationally representative panel survey that covers topics such as parental background, education, housing, access to services, residential mobility, migration and remittances, time use, marriage patterns and costs, fertility, women’s decision making and empowerment, job dynamics, savings and borrowing behavior, the operation of household enterprises and farms, besides the usual focus on employment, unemployment and earnings in typical labor force surveys. In addition to the survey’s panel design, which permits the study of various phenomena over time, the survey also contains a large number of retrospective questions about the timing of major life events such as education, residential mobility, jobs, marriage and fertility. The survey provides detailed information about place of birth and subsequent residence, as well information about schools and colleges attended at various stages of an individual’s trajectory, which permit the individual records to be linked to information from other data sources about the geographic context in which the individual lived and the educational institutions s/he attended." (Assaad and Krafft, 2013)

For details on the the key characteristics of the ELMPS 2012, see: Assaad, R., and Krafft, C. (2013). The Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey: Introducing the 2012 Round. Economic Research Forum Working Paper No. 758

Geographic coverage

Region     Rural/Urban
Greater Cairo      Both
Alexandria and Suez Canal      Urban
Urban Lower Egypt      Urban
Urban Upper Egypt      Urban
Rural Lower Egypt      Rural
Rural Upper Egypt      Rural

For detailed information on the regions and governorates used in the ELMPS 2012 Sample, see: Assaad, R., and Krafft, C. (2013). The Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey: Introducing the 2012 Round. Economic Research Forum Working Paper No. 758

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals
• Enterprises

Universe

The survey covered a national sample of households and all households members aged 6 and above. In addition to Enterprises operated by the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

"The first round of the panel, the Egypt Labor Market Survey of 1998 (ELMS 1998) was carried out on a nationally representative sample of 4,816 households containing 23,997 individuals. The original sample of the ELMS 1998 was selected from 200 primary sampling units (PSUs) across Egypt. The 1998 sample was a two-stage stratified random sample selected from a master sample prepared by CAPMAS and over-sampled urban areas. In 1998, the PSUs were selected according to the probability proportional to size (PPS) method.

The ELMPS 2006 followed the initial ELMS 1998 sample, locating 3,685 households from the original ELMS 1998 survey and adding 2,168 new households that emerged from these households as a result of splits, as well as a refresher sample of 2,498 households, all totaling 8,351 households containing 37,140 individuals.

In 2006, the refresher sample of households was selected from an additional 100 PSUs randomly selected from a new master sample prepared by CAPMAS. The ELMPS 2012 is therefore the third round of a periodic longitudinal survey that tracks the labor market and the demographic characteristics of households and individuals interviewed in 2006, both individuals included in the ELMS 1998 and individuals added in 2006, as well as a refresher sample of 2,000 new households to ensure that the data continues to be nationally representative, a total sample of 12,060 households and 49,186 individuals.

The field work for the ELMPS 2012 was carried out from March to June of 2012. In 2012, the refresher sample of 2,000 households was selected from an additional 200 PSUs randomly selected from a new master sample prepared by CAPMAS. By design, the 2012 refresher sample over-sampled areas with high migration rates.

The attrition that occurred from the original 1998 sample to 2006 was mostly random in nature, due to the loss of records containing identifying information for 1998 households (Assaad and Roushdy 2009). The attrition that occurred from the 2006 sample to the 2012 sample was due to a variety of processes. [...]

The final sample for the ELMPS 2012 was 12,060 households, consisting of 6,752 households from the 2006 sample, 3,308 new households that emerged from these households as a result of splits, and a refresher sample of 2,000 households. Of the 37,140 individuals interviewed in the 2006 survey, 28,770 (77 percent) were successfully re-interviewed in 2012. These individuals, 13,218 of whom were also tracked in 1998, form a panel that can be used for longitudinal analysis. The 2012 sample also includes 20,416 new individuals." (Assaad and Krafft, 2013)

For details on The Pattern of Attrition from 2006 to 2012, see: Assaad, R., and Krafft, C. (2013). The Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey: Introducing the 2012 Round. Economic Research Forum Working Paper No. 758

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

"The 1998, 2006, and 2012 questionnaires all have three major sections: (i) a household questionnaire administered to the head of household or his or her spouse, requesting information about basic demographic characteristics of all household members, ownership of durable goods and assets, and housing conditions, services, and facilities; (ii) an individual questionnaire administered to every individual in the household age six and above; and (iii) a household enterprise and income module that collects information on enterprises operated by the household, as well as all income sources. In 2006 and 2012 this section includes information on current migrants, remittances, and transfers.

The questionnaires for the different survey rounds are intentionally similar to ensure data comparability over time. However, additional modules and questions have been added to the surveys over time.[...]

The 2006 ELMPS added modules on siblings’ characteristics, fertility, women’s status, the cost of marriage, and questions on the characteristics of the first job. The 2006 also added additional questions to detect employment and a more detailed education history. The ELMPS 2012 added a life events calendar, tracking education, marriage, work, and migration over time, as well as modules on health, return migration, information technology, and savings and borrowing. Additionally, in 2012, the module on female employment was extended to include previous as well as current wage workers. Questions were added on non-wage earnings in 2012. The mobility module was also expanded to better capture information on first jobs and questions were included about any job changes since the revolution. As well as including detailed labor market data, the ELMPS surveys include detailed information on education, geographic residence, occupation, and economic activity, which can be linked to other sources of data on Egypt. The data includes the codes for all schools attended, as well as for the educational certificate an individual obtained. Geographic codes identifying up to four different places of residence are collected. Additionally, detailed economic activity and occupation codes are collected. This level of detail allows researchers to connect the ELMPS data to other datasets on Egypt, and further expands the opportunities for research and analysis." (Assaad and Krafft, 2013)

Cleaning operations

"Desk review, coding, and data entry and validation at CAPMAS occurred after fielding." (Assaad and Krafft, 2013)

Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Trade data was reported at 34,527.000 EGP mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 22,310.000 EGP mn for 2016. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Trade data is updated yearly, averaging 6,583.000 EGP mn from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34,527.000 EGP mn in 2017 and a record low of 1,771.000 EGP mn in 1993. Egypt Deposits: Economic Activity: Foreign Currency: Trade data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Egypt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Egypt – Table EG.KB001: Deposits: by Sector and Economic Activity.