United States Economic Optimism Index data was reported at 49.100 NA in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 49.800 NA for Mar 2025. United States Economic Optimism Index data is updated monthly, averaging 48.600 NA from Feb 2001 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 291 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.900 NA in Mar 2002 and a record low of 35.800 NA in Aug 2011. United States Economic Optimism Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by TechnoMetrica Institute of Policy and Politics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.S027: Economic Optimism Index. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

United States CA: saar: NNI: PI: Reinvested Earnings on US Direct Invt Abroad data was reported at -740.727 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 352.446 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States CA: saar: NNI: PI: Reinvested Earnings on US Direct Invt Abroad data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.000 USD bn from Dec 1951 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 266 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 352.446 USD bn in Dec 2017 and a record low of -740.727 USD bn in Mar 2018. United States CA: saar: NNI: PI: Reinvested Earnings on US Direct Invt Abroad data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.AB073: Integrated Macroeconomic Accounts: Total Economy: Current Account.

United States US: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Services data was reported at 2.621 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.221 % for 2014. United States US: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Services data is updated yearly, averaging 2.335 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2015, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.456 % in 1999 and a record low of -1.772 % in 2009. United States US: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Annual growth rate for value added in services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average; Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts and calculations presented in As US population growth slows, we need to reset expectations for economic data, PIIE Policy Brief 25-5.

If you use the data, please cite as:

Kolko, Jed. 2025. As US population growth slows, we need to reset expectations for economic data. PIIE Policy Brief 25-5. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

Graph and download economic data for Unemployment Rate - Women (LNS14000002) from Jan 1948 to Aug 2025 about females, 16 years +, household survey, unemployment, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Trade Balance: Goods and Services, Balance of Payments Basis (BOPGSTB) from Jan 1992 to Jul 2025 about BOP, balance, headline figure, trade, goods, services, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Noncyclical Rate of Unemployment (NROU) from Q1 1949 to Q4 2035 about NAIRU, projection, long-term, unemployment, rate, and USA.

Key information about United States New Orders Growth

• United States New Orders increased 3.2 % YoY in Jan 2025, compared with a drop of 0.9 % in the previous month
• US New Orders Growth data is updated monthly, available from Feb 1993 to Jan 2025, with an average YoY change of 3.8 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 39.3 % in Apr 2021 and a record low of -30.0 % in Apr 2009

United States Consumer Confidence: Current Index data was reported at 38.471 Index in Jan 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 38.436 Index for Dec 2022. United States Consumer Confidence: Current Index data is updated monthly, averaging 46.474 Index from Jan 2002 (Median) to Jan 2023, with 253 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.063 Index in May 2018 and a record low of 27.208 Index in Mar 2009. United States Consumer Confidence: Current Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ipsos Group S.A.. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IPSOS: Consumer Confidence Survey.

United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data was reported at 168.237 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 166.528 Jan1997=100 for Oct 2018. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data is updated monthly, averaging 96.825 Jan1997=100 from Jan 1973 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 551 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 168.237 Jan1997=100 in Nov 2018 and a record low of 1.998 Jan1997=100 in Jul 1973. United States USD Trade Weighted Index: Nominal: Other Important Trading Partner data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M016: US Dollar Trade Weighted Index.

United States GFCF: saar: Financial Business data was reported at 264.719 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 259.972 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States GFCF: saar: Financial Business data is updated quarterly, averaging 61.105 USD bn from Dec 1951 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 266 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 264.719 USD bn in Mar 2018 and a record low of 0.871 USD bn in Sep 1952. United States GFCF: saar: Financial Business data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.AB074: Integrated Macroeconomic Accounts: Total Economy and Sectors: Selected Aggregates.

United States NLB: saar: Financial Account data was reported at 176.608 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 88.110 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States NLB: saar: Financial Account data is updated quarterly, averaging -1.558 USD bn from Dec 1951 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 266 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 825.754 USD bn in Mar 2015 and a record low of -1,762.207 USD bn in Mar 2012. United States NLB: saar: Financial Account data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.AB074: Integrated Macroeconomic Accounts: Total Economy and Sectors: Selected Aggregates.

United States CA: saar: Plus: Other Current Transfers Received data was reported at 864.129 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 834.249 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States CA: saar: Plus: Other Current Transfers Received data is updated quarterly, averaging 201.663 USD bn from Dec 1951 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 266 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,053.000 USD bn in Dec 1958 and a record low of 5.267 USD bn in Mar 1959. United States CA: saar: Plus: Other Current Transfers Received data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.AB073: Integrated Macroeconomic Accounts: Total Economy: Current Account.

Key information about United States Consumer Confidence Growth

• United States Consumer Confidence dropped by 6.2 % in Feb 2025, compared with a decrease of 5.0 % in the previous month.
• US Consumer Confidence: YoY Change is updated monthly, available from Feb 1968 to Feb 2025, averaged at 1.2 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 116.9 % in Dec 1975 and a record low of -66.9 % in Feb 2009.
• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of US grew 1.0 % YoY in May 2023.

US: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Europe: CIS: Kyrgyz Republic data was reported at 3.360 USD mn in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.166 USD mn for Dec 2017. US: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Europe: CIS: Kyrgyz Republic data is updated quarterly, averaging 6.400 USD mn from Mar 1992 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 105 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 42.179 USD mn in Jun 2012 and a record low of -9.828 USD mn in Sep 2015. US: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Europe: CIS: Kyrgyz Republic data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.IMF.DOT: Trade Balance: by Country: Quarterly.

Unemployment Rate: sa: Female: Married, Spouse Present data was reported at 2.500 % in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.300 % for May 2018. Unemployment Rate: sa: Female: Married, Spouse Present data is updated monthly, averaging 4.500 % from Jan 1955 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 762 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.700 % in May 1975 and a record low of 2.300 % in May 2018. Unemployment Rate: sa: Female: Married, Spouse Present data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.G021: Current Population Survey: Unemployment Rate: Seasonally Adjusted.

United States Unemployment Rate: PW: NA: LH: Accom & Food Service: Food & Drinking data was reported at 3.800 % in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.000 % for Mar 2025. United States Unemployment Rate: PW: NA: LH: Accom & Food Service: Food & Drinking data is updated monthly, averaging 4.800 % from Jan 2000 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 304 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.000 % in Apr 2020 and a record low of 2.100 % in Jun 2023. United States Unemployment Rate: PW: NA: LH: Accom & Food Service: Food & Drinking data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.G037: Current Population Survey: Unemployment Rate.

United States Avg Weekly Earnings: sa: FA: All Oth Financ'l Inv Activities data was reported at 1,813.150 USD in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,806.800 USD for Apr 2018. United States Avg Weekly Earnings: sa: FA: All Oth Financ'l Inv Activities data is updated monthly, averaging 1,462.680 USD from Mar 2006 (Median) to May 2018, with 147 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,813.150 USD in May 2018 and a record low of 1,250.290 USD in Sep 2013. United States Avg Weekly Earnings: sa: FA: All Oth Financ'l Inv Activities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.G033: Current Employment Statistics Survey: Average Weekly and Hourly Earnings: Seasonally Adjusted.

United States Avg Weekly Earnings: IF: Book Publisher data was reported at 1,104.690 USD in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,153.750 USD for Apr 2018. United States Avg Weekly Earnings: IF: Book Publisher data is updated monthly, averaging 945.100 USD from Mar 2006 (Median) to May 2018, with 147 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,153.750 USD in Apr 2018 and a record low of 763.220 USD in Mar 2006. United States Avg Weekly Earnings: IF: Book Publisher data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.G032: Current Employment Statistics Survey: Average Weekly and Hourly Earnings.