GDP of London 1998-2023
- statista.com
Updated Nov 28, 2025+ more versions
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EmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteStatista (2025). GDP of London 1998-2023 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/378972/gdp-of-london/Dataset updatedNov 28, 2025Area coveredUnited KingdomDescriptionIn 2023, the gross domestic product of London was approximately *** billion British pounds, compared with *** billion pounds in 2022.
Regional gross domestic product: local authorities
- ons.gov.uk
- cy.ons.gov.uk
xlsxUpdated Apr 17, 2025+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteOffice for National Statistics (2025). Regional gross domestic product: local authorities [Dataset]. https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/datasets/regionalgrossdomesticproductlocalauthoritiesxlsxAvailable download formatsDataset updatedApr 17, 2025LicenseOpen Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
License information was derived automaticallyDescriptionAnnual estimates of balanced UK regional gross domestic product (GDP). Current price estimates and chained volume measures for local authority districts, London boroughs, unitary authorities and Scottish Council areas.
GDP of the UK 2023, by region
- statista.com
Updated Apr 22, 2025ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteStatista (2025). GDP of the UK 2023, by region [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1004135/uk-gdp-by-region/Dataset updatedApr 22, 2025Time period covered2023Area coveredUnited KingdomDescriptionIn 2023, London had a gross domestic product of over 569 billion British pounds, by far the most of any region of the United Kingdom. The region of South East England which surrounds London had the second-highest GDP in this year, at over 360 billion pounds. North West England, which includes the major cities of Manchester and Liverpool, had the third-largest GDP among UK regions, at almost 250 billion pounds. Levelling Up the UK London’s economic dominance of the UK can clearly be seen when compared to the other regions of the country. In terms of GDP per capita, the gap between London and the rest of the country is striking, standing at over 63,600 pounds per person in the UK capital, compared with just over 37,100 pounds in the rest of the country. To address the economic imbalance, successive UK governments have tried to implement "levelling-up policies", which aim to boost investment and productivity in neglected areas of the country. The success of these programs going forward may depend on their scale, as it will likely take high levels of investment to reverse economic neglect regions have faced in the recent past. Overall UK GDP The gross domestic product for the whole of the United Kingdom amounted to 2.56 trillion British pounds in 2024. During this year, GDP grew by 0.9 percent, following a growth rate of 0.4 percent in 2023. Due to the overall population of the UK growing faster than the economy, however, GDP per capita in the UK fell in both 2023 and 2024. Nevertheless, the UK remains one of the world’s biggest economies, with just five countries (the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India) having larger economies. It is it likely that several other countries will overtake the UK economy in the coming years, with Indonesia, Brazil, Russia, and Mexico all expected to have larger economies than Britain by 2050.
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Office for National Statistics (ONS) - London's Night Time Economy by...
- gimi9.com
Updated Jun 29, 2018+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCite(2018). Office for National Statistics (ONS) - London's Night Time Economy by Borough and MSOA [Dataset]. https://gimi9.com/dataset/london_london-night-time-economy/Dataset updatedJun 29, 2018DescriptionNumber of workplaces and employees working in industry sectors that operate in the evening or night. The "night time economy" is defined as the following Standard Industrial Classification 2007 (SIC 2007) industries: Cultural and leisure activities Activities which support night time cultural and leisure activities 24-hour health and personal social services Activities which support wider social and economic activities This data is provided at Borough and MSOA level. This dataset is included in the Greater London Authority's Night Time Observatory. Click here to find out more.
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New Survey of London Life and Labour, 1929-1931
- datacatalogue.ukdataservice.ac.uk
Updated Mar 24, 1999ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteJohnson, P. A., London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economic History; Bailey, R. E., University of Essex, Department of Economics; Baines, D. E., London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economic History; Raspin, A., London School of Economics and Political Science, British Library of Political and Economic Science; Hatton, T. J., University of Essex, Department of Economics (1999). New Survey of London Life and Labour, 1929-1931 [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-3758-1Unique identifierhttps://doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-3758-1Dataset updatedMar 24, 1999AuthorsJohnson, P. A., London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economic History; Bailey, R. E., University of Essex, Department of Economics; Baines, D. E., London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economic History; Raspin, A., London School of Economics and Political Science, British Library of Political and Economic Science; Hatton, T. J., University of Essex, Department of EconomicsTime period coveredJan 1, 1929 - Jan 1, 1931Area coveredEnglandDescriptionThe main aims of the research project were to computerise all the surviving records of the New Survey of London Life and Labour (1929-31), and to begin economic analysis of the data obtained. The specific objectives were:
1. To input the data in a manner which would preserve virtually all the information presented on the cards, and to ensure that the machine readable records replicate that information as faithfully as possible.
2. To organise the data in the form of a relational database
3. To check the data against the original cards, to code some of the variables (e.g. labour market status), and to correct inconsistencies in the original records.
4. To undertake separate coding sub-projects for occupations, birthplaces and street quality.
5. To document the results obtained in the form of a codebook and a companion paper to explain the methods employed in the computerisation.
An earlier project was carried out in the USA in 1983-1986, based on the same data, involved computerisation of a 10% sample of the original source, plus a 50% sample of the households containing at least one unemployed person. That study is available from ICPSR - see New Survey of London Life and Labor, 1929-1931. Apart from the fact that they are both based on the same data source, there is no other connection between the two projects.
GDP growth in London 1999-2023
- statista.com
ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteStatista, GDP growth in London 1999-2023 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1225561/gdp-growth-london/Time period covered1999 - 2023Area coveredUnited Kingdom (England), LondonDescriptionIn 2023, London GDP shrank by 0.5 percent, compared with growth of 7.9 percent in 2022.
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GLA Economics - Apprenticeship Statistics for London | gimi9.com
- gimi9.com
Updated Jun 19, 2020+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCite(2020). GLA Economics - Apprenticeship Statistics for London | gimi9.com [Dataset]. https://gimi9.com/dataset/london_gla-economics-skills-and-employment-analysisDataset updatedJun 19, 2020LicenseCC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationhttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
License information was derived automaticallyArea coveredLondonDescriptionThis page presents analysis and data related to skills and employment in London Note on data sources and interpretation: The analysis is not intended to be comprehensive or exhaustive. It is a snapshot analysis of key data as it pertains to London. The analysis does not represent the full body of evidence on which Mayoral Policies are, or will be, based. Outputs should be triangulated with other sources of information and analysis to develop a rounded statistical picture of specific policy issues.
DCMS and the Digital Sector Economic Estimates: Regional GVA
- gov.uk
Updated Jul 3, 2025ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteDepartment for Culture, Media and Sport (2025). DCMS and the Digital Sector Economic Estimates: Regional GVA [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/dcms-and-the-digital-sector-economic-estimates-regional-gvaDataset updatedJul 3, 2025AuthorsDepartment for Culture, Media and SportDescriptionDCMS sector data has been revised since publication. Please see DCMS Sectors Economic Estimates: Regional GVA 2023 for the latest estimates from 2010 to 2023.
Headline findings
- The majority of included DCMS Sector GVA was generated in London and the South East, which generated 39.3% and 19.1% respectively. This pattern is driven by Creative Industries, the largest included sector, and Culture, which is heavily concentrated in London. In the Sports and Gambling sectors, regional differences are less pronounced.
- Digital Sector GVA was mainly generated in London and the South East, at 38.4% and 20.9% respectively. The Telecoms Sector shows a similar pattern.
About
These Economic Estimates are Official Statistics used to provide an estimate of the contribution of DCMS Sectors and the Digital Sector to each region in the UK, measured by GVA (gross value added).
Content
These statistics cover the contributions of the following sectors to the UK economy.
DCMS Sectors:
- Creative Industries
- Cultural Sector
- Gambling
- Sport
Users should note that there is overlap between DCMS sector definitions and that several Cultural Sector industries are simultaneously Creative Industries.
Estimates of Tourism and Civil Society GVA are not available at present, due to a lack of suitable data.
Digital Sector:
- Digital Sector
- Telecoms
Users should note that there is overlap between these two sectors’ definitions. Specifically: the Telecoms sector sits wholly within the Digital Sector.
The release also includes estimates for the Audio Visual sector and Computer Games sector. These do not form part of the DCMS total.
A definition for each sector is available in the tables published alongside this release. Further information on DCMS sectors is available in the associated technical report along with details of methods and data limitations.
Estimates are published here separately for the Digital Sector (including the Telecoms Sector) as responsibility for these policy areas now sits with the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology.
Released
These statistics were first published on 19 July 2023.
Feedback
DCMS aims to continuously improve the quality of estimates and better meet user needs. DCMS welcomes feedback on this release. Feedback should be sent to DCMS via email at evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
The UK Statistics Authority
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Statistics (2018) produced by the UK Statistics Authority (UKSA). The UKSA has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
Pre-release access
The accompanying pre-release access document lists ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
Contact
Responsible statistician: Rachel Moyce.
For any queries or feedback, please contact evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
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London Business Survey 2014 - Business performance and outlook
- data.wu.ac.at
- data.europa.eu
Updated Sep 26, 2015ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteLondon Datastore Archive (2015). London Business Survey 2014 - Business performance and outlook [Dataset]. https://data.wu.ac.at/schema/datahub_io/MzUzNjgzOWMtYzUyMS00YTRiLThiY2YtMGM0YmFlNWE0MTZiDataset updatedSep 26, 2015Dataset provided byLondon Datastore ArchiveLicensehttp://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licencehttp://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licence
Area coveredLondonDescriptionThe 2014 London Business Survey (LBS) is an innovative survey designed by the Office for National Statistics, on behalf of the London Enterprise Panel and the GLA. The survey collected information from a representative sample of private sector businesses in London in May-July 2014.
This dataset contains information on the performance and outlook of London businesses corresponding with Section 4 of the London Business Survey 2014: Main Findings report.
Information is provided on:
The turnover of London businesses
The change in turnover compared to 12 months ago
Whether London businesses are planning to grow
Expectations on the economic outlook for London and London businesses
As with any survey, the 2014 LBS is based on a sample and as such is subject to variability in the results. Care should therefore be taken in interpreting the survey findings. For all estimates, lower and upper limits of 95% confidence intervals are provided in the data files to assist with interpretation. The LBS results represent the population of business units in London. A business unit is defined as a site/workplace, which may also be a head office if the head office is in London. It will be the whole business in the case of businesses which only have one site, or part of the business in the case of multi-site firms.
The results are presented by enterprise size band and industry sector.
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Office for National Statistics - London's Jobs History
- gimi9.com
Updated Dec 24, 2011+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCite(2011). Office for National Statistics - London's Jobs History [Dataset]. https://gimi9.com/dataset/london_londons-jobs-history/Dataset updatedDec 24, 2011Area coveredLondonDescriptionA London series by industry and a borough series (no industry) 1984 to 2011. These data have been used by GLA Economics to forecast long-term employment projections and within GLA Economics' models for exports, tourism and life sciences. The two series are: 1. London Employment Jobs: a London level series which includes Employee Jobs and Self-Employment Jobs from 1984 to 2010 with industries by GLA Economics sectors on a SIC 2007 basis 2. A borough level Employee Jobs series 1984 to 2010 (no industry breakdown) Methods and assumptions behind the data are explained in the GLA Economics Working Paper 52 Data Download Sector data Borough data Notes Borough Data Source: ONS Employee Jobs, ONS Business Surveys, GLA Economics assuptions Data are for employees and do not include self-employment jobs Data are adjusted for series discontinuities only - no additional corrections have been made 1998 data for Richmond and 2000 data for Greenwhich where employee increases are high have not been adjusted Sector Data Source: ONS Employee Jobs, LFS, GLA Economics assuptions 2010 data are provisional Data include employees and self-employment jobs Edit Workforce Sector Data from nomis - updated to Dec-2011 _ _
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GLA Economics - London Business Survey 2014 - Business performance and...
- gimi9.com
+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteGLA Economics - London Business Survey 2014 - Business performance and outlook | gimi9.com [Dataset]. https://gimi9.com/dataset/london_london-business-survey-2014-business-performance-and-outlook/Area coveredLondonDescriptionThe 2014 London Business Survey (LBS) is an innovative survey designed by the Office for National Statistics, on behalf of the London Enterprise Panel and the GLA. The survey collected information from a representative sample of private sector businesses in London in May-July 2014. This dataset contains information on the performance and outlook of London businesses corresponding with Section 4 of the London Business Survey 2014: Main Findings report. Information is provided on: The turnover of London businesses The change in turnover compared to 12 months ago Whether London businesses are planning to grow Expectations on the economic outlook for London and London businesses As with any survey, the 2014 LBS is based on a sample and as such is subject to variability in the results. Care should therefore be taken in interpreting the survey findings. For all estimates, lower and upper limits of 95% confidence intervals are provided in the data files to assist with interpretation. The LBS results represent the population of business units in London. A business unit is defined as a site/workplace, which may also be a head office if the head office is in London. It will be the whole business in the case of businesses which only have one site, or part of the business in the case of multi-site firms. The results are presented by enterprise size band and industry sector.
DCMS Economic Estimates: Business Demographics, 2024
- gov.uk
Updated Dec 5, 2024+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteDepartment for Culture, Media and Sport (2024). DCMS Economic Estimates: Business Demographics, 2024 [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/dcms-economic-estimates-business-demographics-2024Dataset updatedDec 5, 2024AuthorsDepartment for Culture, Media and SportDescriptionAbout
These economic estimates are accredited official statistics providing an estimate of the contribution of DCMS Sectors to the UK economy, measured by the number of businesses.
Headline findings
In March 2024, there were 590,695 businesses in the included DCMS sectors (21.7% of all UK registered businesses), a slight increase of 1.0% from March 2023. In comparison, the number of UK businesses overall in March 2024 was similar to March 2023 (-0.1%).
Of the 590,695 businesses in the included DCMS sectors in March 2024:
- the vast majority (87.4%) fell into the micro (0 to 9) employment band, a slightly lower proportion than for UK registered businesses in general (89.1%).
-
72.4% of businesses had a turnover of less than £250,000, a higher proportion than for UK businesses in general (66.1%).
- 24.1% of business sites in the included DCMS sectors were located in London, a higher proportion compared to UK business sites overall (18.6%).
Content
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
- Creative Industries
- Cultural Sector
- Gambling
- Sport
- Tourism industries (constructed on a different basis to the tourism sector estimates in our other economic estimates releases)
Users should note that there is overlap between DCMS sector definitions. Estimates are not available for the civil society sector, because they are not identifiable in the data source used for this release.
Tourism industries estimates in this release are constructed on a different basis to the tourism sector estimates in our other economic estimates and will be larger as they take into account the entire industry rather than strictly tourism activity.
The release also includes estimates for the audio visual sector.
A definition for each sector is available in the published data tables. Further information on all these sectors is available in the associated technical report along with details of methods and data limitations.
Recent changes to this release
We have made a number of changes to DCMS sector economic estimates: business demographics in recent years:
- previous reports have included data on charities registered with the Charity Commission of England and Wales, Community Interest Companies (CICs) and the now-discontinued Public Service Mutuals which were defined as civil society organisations.
- previous releases have included estimates of the turnover produced by businesses in each employment band and the number of businesses by foreign-owned status, both of which are not available in this release due to the change in data source from the Annual Business Survey (ABS) to the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR).
Additional information about the change in data source from the ABS to the IDBR in 2022 can be found in the source data change summary note.
We welcome any views on these changes at evidence@dcms.gov.uk.
Released
These statistics were first published on 5 December 2024.
Office for Statistics Regulation
These official statistics were independently reviewed by the Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR) in June 2019. They comply with the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the https://code.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/">Code of Practice for Statistics, and should be labelled accredited official statistics. Accredited official statistics are called National Statistics in the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007.
Our statistical practice is regulated by the Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR). OSR sets the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics that all producers of official statistics should adhere to.
You are welcome to contact us directly with any comments about how we meet these standards by emailing evidence@dcms.gov.uk. Alternatively, you can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk or via the OSR website.
Pre-release access
The accompanying pre-release access document lists ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this
DCMS Sector Economic Estimates: Employment Apr 2021 – Mar 2022
- gov.uk
Updated Nov 8, 2024ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteDepartment for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport (2024). DCMS Sector Economic Estimates: Employment Apr 2021 – Mar 2022 [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/dcms-sector-economic-estimates-employment-apr-2021-mar-2022Dataset updatedNov 8, 2024AuthorsDepartment for Digital, Culture, Media & SportDescriptionRevision note
December 2022
We removed estimates for employment broken down by highest level of education, as we have since discovered an error. The underlying data from January 2022 uses a new education variable, meaning it is not possible to accurately calculate aggregate estimates that straddle the 2021 and 2022 calendar years.
Autumn 2024:
DCMS and Digital Sector Economic Estimates: Employment, April 2021 to March 2022 data tables have been revised and re-published due to the identification of a minor error.
Revised estimates for the digital sector are available here: Economic Estimates: Employment in DCMS sectors and digital sector, April 2022 to March 2023.
Revised estimates for DCMS sectors are available here: Economic Estimates: Employment in DCMS sectors, April 2023 to March 2024.
Last update: 29th September 2022
Next update: December 2022
Geographic Coverage: UK
Headline findings
In the period April 2021 to March 2022, there were approximately 4,328,000 total filled jobs in the DCMS Sectors (excluding Tourism) - representing 12.9% of all UK filled jobs, up from 11.1% in 2011 and 12.0% in 2019 (pre-pandemic). This reflects that, for DCMS Sectors (excluding Tourism), the number of filled jobs have grown faster than the UK overall since 2011 (29.1% DCMS vs 11.0% UK) and pre-pandemic (7.8% DCMS vs -0.3% UK).
In percentage terms, within the DCMS sectors, the Digital sector has seen the largest employment growth since 2019 (pre-pandemic). Over the same period, of the DCMS sectors, only the Gambling sector and Sport sector have seen declines in employment. Please note, there is substantial overlap between the DCMS sectors.
Although there is wide variation between sectors in terms of demographic breakdowns, overall the proportion of filled jobs held by women was lower in the DCMS Sectors (excluding Tourism) (43.7%) than the UK overall (48.0%). DCMS Sectors (excluding Tourism) have a similar share of jobs filled by people from ethnic minority groups (excluding white minorities) or by people with disabilities compared to the UK workforce overall.
Digital Sector workforce analysis
In parallel to this set of employment estimates, we have published some experimental statistics on factors associated with joining or leaving the Digital sector workforce. This analysis uses data from the ONS longitudinal survey, from 2012 to 2019, to assess changes in employment status over a 12 month period relative to a baseline population. It shows that:
- Those joining the digital sector were less likely to be female, or (since 2016) to have a disability, and more likely to have a degree or live in London or the South East.
- Women, people without a degree level qualification, and (since 2016) people from non-Asian ethnic minority groups were disproportionately likely to leave the digital sector.
- The largest factors affecting entry or exit were having a degree level qualification, gender, and if female, the presence of a young child in the household.
The factors examined did not explain the majority of movements into and out of the digital sector.
About this release
The Economic Estimates are National Statistics used to provide an estimate of employment (number of filled jobs) in the DCMS Sectors. This release gives estimates for the period April 2021 to March 2022 and re-weighted estimates for January 2021 to December 2021. It also includes experimental statistics on factors associated with joining or leaving the Digital sector workforce; and experimental statistics on joining and leaving the DCMS Sectors. The findings are calculated based on the ONS Annual Population Survey (APS).
Content
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
- Civil Society
- Creative Industries
- Cultural Sector
- Digital Sector
- Gambling
- Sport
- Telecoms
A definition for each sector is available in the accompanying technical document along with details of methods and data limitations.
The UK Statistics Authority
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Statistics (2018) produced by the UK Statistics Authority (UKSA). The UKSA has the over
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London Business Survey 2014 - Business performance and outlook
- data.europa.eu
excel xlsUpdated Nov 10, 2014+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteGreater London Authority (2014). London Business Survey 2014 - Business performance and outlook [Dataset]. https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/london-business-survey-2014-business-performance-and-outlook?locale=esexcel xlsAvailable download formatsDataset updatedNov 10, 2014Dataset authored and provided byGreater London AuthorityArea coveredLondonDescriptionThe 2014 London Business Survey (LBS) is an innovative survey designed by the Office for National Statistics, on behalf of the London Enterprise Panel and the GLA. The survey collected information from a representative sample of private sector businesses in London in May-July 2014.
This dataset contains information on the performance and outlook of London businesses corresponding with Section 4 of the London Business Survey 2014: Main Findings report.
Information is provided on:
The turnover of London businesses
The change in turnover compared to 12 months ago
Whether London businesses are planning to grow
Expectations on the economic outlook for London and London businesses
As with any survey, the 2014 LBS is based on a sample and as such is subject to variability in the results. Care should therefore be taken in interpreting the survey findings. For all estimates, lower and upper limits of 95% confidence intervals are provided in the data files to assist with interpretation. The LBS results represent the population of business units in London. A business unit is defined as a site/workplace, which may also be a head office if the head office is in London. It will be the whole business in the case of businesses which only have one site, or part of the business in the case of multi-site firms.
The results are presented by enterprise size band and industry sector.
Economic Estimates: Digital Sector Regional Gross Value Added (2019 to 2022)...
- gov.uk
Updated Dec 17, 2024ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteDepartment for Science, Innovation and Technology (2024). Economic Estimates: Digital Sector Regional Gross Value Added (2019 to 2022) [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/economic-estimates-digital-sector-regional-gross-value-added-2019-to-2022Dataset updatedDec 17, 2024AuthorsDepartment for Science, Innovation and TechnologyDescriptionThis release is intended to be used for assessing regional trends and differences. For total national GVA, including changes over time, please see the previous DCMS and digital sector GVA 2022 (provisional) publication.
Headline findings
- We report that Digital Sector GVA grew in almost all ITL1 regions between 2019 and 2022, with growth rates for Digital Sector GVA higher than their respective regional growth rates for GVA across all industries, when accounting for inflation.
- The largest increases in Digital Sector GVA between 2019 and 2022 were observed in the North East (37.2%) and the South West of England (36.4%). The only decrease in Digital Sector GVA between 2019 and 2022 was in Northern Ireland (-3.4%), in contrast to the growth in Northern Ireland GVA for all industries (1.6%) over the same period.
- In 2022, London (38.5%) and the South East of England (20.4%) were the ITL1 regions contributing the most to the UK total Digital Sector GVA, contributing over half of the UK total Digital Sector GVA. Northern Ireland (1.2%) and Wales (1.8%) contributed the least to UK Digital Sector GVA in 2022. This is a continuation of a long-term trend, with regional contributions to UK total Digital Sector GVA being broadly consistent between 2010 and 2022.
- In 2022, London and the South East were the only two ITL1 regions that had a higher share of UK total Digital Sector GVA than their respective share of UK total GVA across all industries.
- In 2022, the Digital Sector contributed approximately 7.2% of total UK GVA. In comparison, the Digital Sector contributed 11.9% of total GVA in London and 9.7% of total GVA in the South East of England. These regions saw the highest two proportions of Digital Sector GVA to their total regional GVA. In all other ITL1 regions, Digital Sector GVA contributed between 3.7% and 5.5% of total regional GVA.
About this release
This is a continuation of the Digital Sector Economic Estimates: Regional GVA release series, previously produced by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). Responsibility for Digital and Telecommunications policy now sits with the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT).
These Economic Estimates are Accredited Official Statistics used to provide an estimate of the contribution of the Digital Sector to each region in the UK, measured by GVA (gross value added). This is the first release of regional estimates for 2021 and 2022.
Data sources and technical information
These findings are calculated based on both the published Office for National Statistics (ONS) Regional Gross Value Added balanced tables and the ONS Annual Business Survey (ABS).
The Regional GVA balanced tables produced by the Regional Accounts team at ONS report GVA at the 2-digit Standard In
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United Kingdom Rail Statistics: London Undeground: Passenger Journeys
- ceicdata.com
ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteCEICdata.com, United Kingdom Rail Statistics: London Undeground: Passenger Journeys [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/united-kingdom/railway-statistics/rail-statistics-london-undeground-passenger-journeysDataset provided byCEICdata.comLicenseAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automaticallyTime period coveredDec 1, 2005 - Dec 1, 2016Area coveredUnited KingdomVariables measuredPassenger TurnoverDescriptionUnited Kingdom Rail Statistics: London Undeground: Passenger Journeys data was reported at 1,349.000 Unit mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,305.000 Unit mn for 2015. United Kingdom Rail Statistics: London Undeground: Passenger Journeys data is updated yearly, averaging 693.500 Unit mn from Dec 1947 (Median) to 2016, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,349.000 Unit mn in 2016 and a record low of 498.000 Unit mn in 1983. United Kingdom Rail Statistics: London Undeground: Passenger Journeys data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Transport. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.TA021: Railway Statistics.
Employment in financial and professional services by sector London (UK) 2015...
- statista.com
ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteStatista, Employment in financial and professional services by sector London (UK) 2015 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/264548/employment-in-the-financial-and-professional-services-sector-in-london/Time period covered2015Area coveredUnited KingdomDescriptionThe statistic shows employment in financial and professional services in London, United Kingdom, in 2015, by sector. The financial services industry is the UK's most important sector, in terms of revenue, and London itself is counted as one of the top global financial centers. In 2015, before the Brexit referendum, the total number of people employed in financial and professional services was *** thousand; out of this *** thousand people were employed in banking, and *** thousand in management consulting.
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London Business Survey 2014 - Access to finance
- data.wu.ac.at
Updated Sep 26, 2015+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteLondon Datastore Archive (2015). London Business Survey 2014 - Access to finance [Dataset]. https://data.wu.ac.at/odso/datahub_io/NmFhZTE3NDgtNzQ0Yi00NDY5LTk3MzktOGU0MmIyMmY0OGM0Dataset updatedSep 26, 2015Dataset provided byLondon Datastore ArchiveLicensehttp://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licencehttp://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licence
Area coveredLondonDescriptionThe 2014 London Business Survey (LBS) is an innovative survey designed by the Office for National Statistics, on behalf of the London Enterprise Panel and the GLA. The survey collected information from a representative sample of private sector businesses in London in May-July 2014.
This dataset contains information on London businesses’ awareness and experience of business support available to SMEs corresponding with Section 6 of the London Business Survey 2014: Main Findings report.
Information is provided on:
The sources of external advice used by London businesses
The topics on which external advice is sought by London businesses
Business awareness and use of incubator, accelerator and co-working spaces
As with any survey, the 2014 LBS is based on a sample and as such is subject to variability in the results. Care should therefore be taken in interpreting the survey findings. For all estimates, lower and upper limits of 95% confidence intervals are provided in the data files to assist with interpretation. The LBS results represent the population of business units in London. A business unit is defined as a site/workplace, which may also be a head office if the head office is in London. It will be the whole business in the case of businesses which only have one site, or part of the business in the case of multi-site firms.
The results are presented by enterprise size band and industry sector.
DCMS Sectors Economic Estimates 2018: Regional GVA
- gov.uk
Updated May 20, 2020+ more versionsShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteDepartment for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport (2020). DCMS Sectors Economic Estimates 2018: Regional GVA [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/dcms-sectors-economic-estimates-2018-regional-gvaDataset updatedMay 20, 2020AuthorsDepartment for Digital, Culture, Media & SportDescriptionHeadline Findings
The UK regions with the biggest increase in DCMS Sector (excluding Tourism and Civil Society) GVA were London and the East Midlands which grew by 53.3% and 31.4%, respectively, in real terms between 2010 and 2018.
East Midlands, Scotland, West Midlands and Yorkshire and the Humber saw the highest growth in DCMS sectors GVA since 2017 (7.0%, 6.8%, 6.0%, and 6.0% respectively).
Activity in DCMS sectors was more concentrated in London than the general economy; 39.6% of DCMS sector GVA was accounted for in London compared to 23.6% for the total UK economy.
GVA from the Creative Industries, Cultural, Digital and Telecoms sectors was largely concentrated in London and the South East. By contrast, GVA from the Sport and Gambling sectors was distributed more evenly across the UK, although these sectors are much smaller in value.
About
These Economic Estimates are Official Statistics used to provide an estimate of Gross Value Added (GVA) in the DCMS Sectors.
Content
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
- Creative Industries
- Cultural Sector
- Digital Sector
- Gambling
- Sport
- Telecoms
A definition for each sector is available in the associated https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/829114/DCMS_Sectors_Economic_Estimates_-_Methodology.pdf">methodology note along with details of methods and data limitations.
Released
20 May 2020
Feedback and consultation
DCMS aims to continuously improve the quality of estimates and better meet user needs. DCMS welcomes feedback on this release. Feedback should be sent to DCMS via email at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
The UK Statistics Authority
This release is published in accordance with the Code of Practice for Statistics, as produced by the UK Statistics Authority. The Authority has the overall objective of promoting and safeguarding the production and publication of official statistics that serve the public good. It monitors and reports on all official statistics, and promotes good practice in this area.
The responsible statisticians for this release is Ziga Dernac. For further details about the estimates, or to be added to a distribution list for future updates, please email us at evidence@culture.gov.uk.
Pre-release access
The document above contains a list of ministers and officials who have received privileged early access to this release. In line with best practice, the list has been kept to a minimum and those given access for briefing purposes had a maximum of 24 hours.
DCMS Sector Economic Estimates: Research and Development (R&D), 2023
- gov.uk
Updated Sep 24, 2025ShareFacebookTwitterEmailClick to copy linkLink copiedCiteDepartment for Culture, Media and Sport (2025). DCMS Sector Economic Estimates: Research and Development (R&D), 2023 [Dataset]. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/dcms-sector-economic-estimates-research-and-development-rd-2023Dataset updatedSep 24, 2025AuthorsDepartment for Culture, Media and SportDescriptionRevision note
24 September 2025: the DCMS Sector Economic Estimates R&D 2023 main report has been revised to correct a small error in the commentary in section 2.1, specifically the percentage change between 2022 and 2023 for sport sector R&D expenditure. No other data is affected.
About
These economic estimates are official statistics in development providing an estimate of expenditure on R&D by UK businesses in the DCMS sectors.
Headline findings
In 2023, expenditure on R&D by businesses in the included DCMS sectors was an estimated £8.4 billion, 17% of the R&D expenditure by UK businesses overall (£50.0 billion). This was an increase of £0.6 billion (7%) since 2022.
Expenditure on R&D by businesses in both DCMS sectors and the economy as a whole was higher in London than in any other region in 2023, with expenditure by businesses in the included DCMS sectors more concentrated in London than for UK businesses overall (41% compared to 22%).
Estimates of R&D expenditure by included DCMS sector (which overlap with each other) in 2023:
- Creative industries: £7.1 billion, accounting for 85% of total expenditure by the included DCMS sectors and 14% of expenditure by UK businesses overall. This was an increase of 9% from 2022.
- Tourism industries*: £0.9 billion, accounting for 11% of total expenditure by the included DCMS sectors and 2% of expenditure by UK businesses overall. This was a decrease of 11% from 2022.
- Sport sector: £0.8 billion, accounting for 10% of total expenditure by the included DCMS sectors and 2% of expenditure by UK businesses overall. This was an increase of 4% from 2022.
- Cultural sector: £0.8 billion, accounting for 10% of total expenditure by the included DCMS sectors and 2% of expenditure by UK businesses overall. This was an increase of 22% from 2022.
*Tourism industries estimates in this release are constructed on a different basis to the tourism sector estimates in our other economic estimates and will be larger as they take into account the entire industry rather than strictly tourism activity.
Estimates of R&D expenditure by businesses in the civil society sector are not available in this release because these organisations are not identifiable in the data source.
Due to sampling and methodology changes to the BERD survey in 2022, estimates in this release are not directly comparable to previous estimates produced using BERD data for years before 2022. This includes estimates published by the ONS on https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/governmentpublicsectorandtaxes/researchanddevelopmentexpenditure/adhocs/14890expenditureonresearchanddevelopmentperformedinukbusinessesinthecreativeindustriessector2020">Expenditure on research and development performed in UK businesses in the Creative Industries sector, 2020. More information on these changes is available in the accompanying technical report.
Content
These statistics cover the contributions of the following DCMS sectors to the UK economy;
- Creative Industries
- Cultural Sector
- Gambling
- Sport
- Tourism industries (constructed on a different basis to the tourism sector estimates in our other economic estimates releases)
Users should note that there is overlap between DCMS sector definitions. Estimates are not available for the civil society sector, because they are not identifiable in the data source used for this release.
Tourism industries estimates in this release are constructed on a different basis to the tourism sector estimates in our other economic estimates and will be larger as they take into account the entire industry rather than strictly tourism activity.
The release also includes separate estimates for the audio visual and computer games sectors.
A definition for each sector is available in the published data tables. Further information on all these sectors is available in the associated technical report along with details of methods and data limitations.
Released
These statistics were first published on 18 September 2025.
Official statistics in development - Call for feedback
These statistics are labelled as https://osr.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/policies/official-statistics-policies/official-statistics-in-development/">official statistics in development. Official statistics in development are official statistics that are undergoing development and will be tested with users, in line with the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the <a rel="e
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