This statistic shows the share of economic sectors in the gross domestic product (GDP) in Kazakhstan from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, the share of agriculture in Kazakhstan's gross domestic product was 3.94 percent, industry contributed approximately 32.33 percent and the services sector contributed about 56.35 percent.

Kazakhstan’s economy depends heavily on extractives, with many other industries linked to them. Perhaps the most telling indicator of a stalled structural transformation is the stagnant spatial organization of the economy spread on such a huge territory. One of the most durable findings in economic development is a tight three-way relationship between a country’s per capita income, the sectoral composition of its output, and the share of urban settlements in its population. It appears that during the past decade and a half, Kazakhstan’s spatial transformation has stalled. Kazakhstan suffers from having the bulk of its population dispersed in distant locations. On average, population density is six people per square kilometer across this large country, making it challenging to provide basic services and infrastructure. Low densities also stymie economies of agglomeration and specialization. Mobility toward urban areas is dampened by high housing costs, a severely limited rental market, and the residency registration system. In the highest demand urban areas, housing is extremely unaffordable when compared with local incomes. Finally, the residency registration system deters many people, particularly low-income people receiving financial support from the state-from relocating within the country, as benefits are tied to where a person is registered. For those who are unregistered, the system can lead to exclusion from many social services and benefits.

Kazakhstan: Financial system deposits, percent of GDP: The latest value from 2021 is 31.02 percent, an increase from 29.66 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 69.41 percent, based on data from 138 countries. Historically, the average for Kazakhstan from 1993 to 2021 is 21.82 percent. The minimum value, 4.57 percent, was reached in 1998 while the maximum of 37.66 percent was recorded in 2015.

Services production was the largest economic sector in Kazakhstan, occupying **** percent of the gross domestic product in 2024. The manufacturing sector accounted for the second-largest share, at **** percent of GDP.

Kazakhstan Exports: CIS: Wood and Wood Products, Charcoal data was reported at 7.900 USD mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.500 USD mn for 2015. Kazakhstan Exports: CIS: Wood and Wood Products, Charcoal data is updated yearly, averaging 1.300 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.900 USD mn in 2016 and a record low of 0.200 USD mn in 2005. Kazakhstan Exports: CIS: Wood and Wood Products, Charcoal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Graph and download economic data for Financial System Deposits to GDP for Kazakhstan (DDDI08KZA156NWDB) from 1993 to 2021 about Kazakhstan, deposits, financial, and GDP.

Kazakhstan Exports: Other Goods data was reported at 18.900 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 18.100 USD mn for 2016. Kazakhstan Exports: Other Goods data is updated yearly, averaging 6.000 USD mn from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2017, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.900 USD mn in 2017 and a record low of 0.800 USD mn in 2003. Kazakhstan Exports: Other Goods data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

This Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) identifies ways that Kazakhstan can achieve its development objectives while fostering the transition to a more green, resilient, and inclusive development pathway. It sets out policy reforms and investments needed to build resilience to climate change impacts and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in line with the country’s ambitious climate change objectives. It is based on review of existing literature as well as a range of new analysis. Kazakhstan could benefit from transitioning its economy and energy supply away from fossil fuels to reinvigorate economic growth and productivity, improve economic resilience, and shield against risks arising from the global low-carbon shift. In doing so, Kazakhstan will need to address the historic underinvestment in infrastructure, particularly in the power sector. Kazakhstan’s people and economy are vulnerable to physical climate changes-rainfall changes, droughts, and flooding in particular. Their impact will be spread unevenly across regions and have major consequences for Kazakhstan’s agricultural and water sectors. Disruptions to transport or energy infrastructure particularly from flooding can disrupt international trade routes and global value chains and thus have widespread adverse economic impacts. Flooding alone is expected to reduce gross domestic product (GDP) by 1.3 percent by 2060 in the absence of adaptation. There are growth opportunities, particularly if Kazakhstan acts to achieve climate goals, in clean energy, critical minerals, the agriculture sector, and other green growth sectors. Accelerating progress of economy-wide structural reforms will help to create an environment conducive to the emergence of new sectors. Kazakhstan’s response to climate change can also be a driver for much-needed reforms; development goals for economic growth, public sector reform, diversification, and improved health are strongly aligned with action needed to address climate risks and seize opportunities.

Kazakhstan aspires to become one of the world’s 30 most developed economies by 2050. The focus is on laying the basis for the accelerated diversification of the economy through industrialization and infrastructure development, including enhancing human capital to drive innovation and economic efficiency. This country economic memorandum report adopts an analytical framework that looks into options that will be explored to help authorities think about diversification across three sectors: diversification of products and services; diversification of economic partners; and diversification of endowments. Five chapters structure this report, outlining the weaknesses and strengths of the Kazakh economy that will need to be addressed for increased prosperity. Chapter 1 discusses Kazakhstan’s natural resources and how important it is to focus on the policies that matter for development and diversification. Chapter 2 focuses on export concentration and assesses whether resource dependence leads to macroeconomic volatility, whether Kazakhstan has been able to avoid volatility, and what macro-policy solutions are available to Kazakhstan. Chapter 3 looks at the structure of employment in the country and assesses whether Kazakh workers have the skills demanded by the market. Chapter 4 analyzes the regulatory environment and how well market institutions have developed to strengthen the quality of institutions. Chapter 5 uses the product space analysis to assess where Kazakhstan’s comparative advantages are. It then discusses whether the country has faced excessive trade barriers, whether there is a role for industrial policy, and what will be done in the short term to help diversification.

Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Paper and Cardboard data was reported at 222.300 USD mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.700 USD mn for 2015. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Paper and Cardboard data is updated yearly, averaging 4.950 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 471.100 USD mn in 2012 and a record low of 1.600 USD mn in 2004. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Paper and Cardboard data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Kazakhstan Exports: CIS: Vegetables data was reported at 839.400 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 813.400 USD mn for 2016. Kazakhstan Exports: CIS: Vegetables data is updated yearly, averaging 673.100 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2017, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.484 USD bn in 2013 and a record low of 151.700 USD mn in 2002. Kazakhstan Exports: CIS: Vegetables data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Hungary was US$31.63 Thousand during 2020, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Hungary - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on July of 2025.

Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Wood and Wood Products, Charcoal data was reported at 0.400 USD mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.200 USD mn for 2015. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Wood and Wood Products, Charcoal data is updated yearly, averaging 0.400 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.400 USD mn in 2012 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2008. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Wood and Wood Products, Charcoal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Belgium was US$827.66 Thousand during 2022, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Belgium - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on July of 2025.

Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Optical, Photographic, Cinematographic, Medical Instruments, Apparatus data was reported at 20.400 USD mn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25.300 USD mn for 2015. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Optical, Photographic, Cinematographic, Medical Instruments, Apparatus data is updated yearly, averaging 13.350 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27.600 USD mn in 2013 and a record low of 1.100 USD mn in 1998. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Optical, Photographic, Cinematographic, Medical Instruments, Apparatus data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Other Manufactured Goods data was reported at 5.800 USD mn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.300 USD mn for 2015. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Other Manufactured Goods data is updated yearly, averaging 1.450 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.400 USD mn in 2012 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 1998. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Other Manufactured Goods data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Serbia was US$644 during 2023, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Serbia - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on July of 2025.

Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Vegetables data was reported at 823.100 USD mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 667.000 USD mn for 2015. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Vegetables data is updated yearly, averaging 410.500 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.469 USD bn in 2008 and a record low of 33.800 USD mn in 1996. Kazakhstan Exports: Non CIS: Vegetables data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.JA007: Exports: by Commodity: General Structure.

Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Pakistan was US$8 during 2023, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Pakistan - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on August of 2025.

Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Azerbaijan was US$181.64 Thousand during 2023, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Kazakhstan Exports of structures and parts of structures, of iron or steel to Azerbaijan - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on June of 2025.