The European Union is comprised of 27 member states who share the European Single Market, a common trade area which ensures the free movement of goods, services, capital, and people. As of 2024, the largest economies in the EU were Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the Netherlands, with these countries making up the vast majority of the EU's almost 17 trillion Euro GDP. The relatively small island member states of Cyprus and Malta come in at the bottom of the list, with GDPs of around 23 and 33 billion Euros respectively.

The European Union is comprised of 27 member states with economies of varying sizes. In 2024, Germany, France, and Italy made up over half of the European economy's output. Roughly another quarter of the union's GDP was made up by the next five largest economies, Spain, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and Belgium. The remaining 19 member states make up the rest of the EU's GDP, with around 20 percent collectively.

This dataset provides values for GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The average for 2023 based on 27 countries was 16.65 million. The highest value was in Germany: 84.48 million and the lowest value was in Malta: 0.55 million. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

With a Gross Domestic Product of over 4.18 trillion Euros, the German economy was by far the largest in Europe in 2023. The similarly sized economies of the United Kingdom and France were the second and third largest economies in Europe during this year, followed by Italy and Spain. The smallest economy in this statistic is that of the small Balkan nation of Montenegro, which had a GDP of 5.7 billion Euros. In this year, the combined GDP of the 27 member states that compose the European Union amounted to approximately 17.1 trillion Euros. The big five Germany’s economy has consistently had the largest economy in Europe since 1980, even before the reunification of West and East Germany. The United Kingdom, by contrast, has had mixed fortunes during the same period and had a smaller economy than Italy in the late 1980s. The UK also suffered more than the other major economies during the recession of the late 2000s, meaning the French economy was the second largest on the continent for some time afterward. The Spanish economy was continually the fifth-largest in Europe in this 38-year period, and from 2004 onwards, has been worth more than one trillion Euros. The smallest GDP, the highest economic growth in Europe Despite having the smallerst GDP of Europe, Montenegro emerged as the fastest growing economy in the continent, achieving an impressive annual growth rate of 4.5 percent, surpassing Turkey's growth rate of 4 percent. Overall,this Balkan nation has shown a remarkable economic recovery since the 2010 financial crisis, with its GDP projected to grow by 28.71 percent between 2024 and 2029. Contributing to this positive trend are successful tourism seasons in recent years, along with increased private consumption and rising imports. Europe's economic stagnation Malta, Albania, Iceland, and Croatia were among the countries reporting some of the highest growth rates this year. However, Europe's overall performance reflected a general slowdown in growth compared to the trend seen in 2021, during the post-pandemic recovery. Estonia experienced the sharpest negative growth in 2023, with its economy shrinking by 2.3% compared to 2022, primarily due to the negative impact of sanctions placed on its large neighbor, Russia. Other nations, including Sweden, Germany, and Finland, also recorded slight negative growth.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in European Union was worth 19423.32 billion US dollars in 2024, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of European Union represents 18.29 percent of the world economy. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - European Union GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Key information about European Union Total Imports Growth

• European Union Total Imports grew 1.8 % YoY in Dec 2024, compared with an increase of 4.3 % YoY in the previous month
• European Union Total Imports Growth data is updated monthly, available from Jan 2003 to Dec 2024, with an averaged rate of 4.1 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 53.9 % in Aug 2022 and a record low of -29.8 % in Jul 2009

• In the latest reports, European Union Total Imports recorded 214.6 USD bn in Dec 2024
• Total Exports reached 228.1 USD bn in Dec 2024, which registered an increase of 2.8 % year on year
• European Union Trade Balance recorded a surplus of 13.5 USD bn in Dec 2024

In 2024 the gross domestic product of the European Union amounted to approximately 17.9 trillion euros. GDP is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country within a year. It is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. The financial crisis and its aftermath The European Union is a union made up of 27 states located within and around Europe, including several of the world’s largest economies. Since its inception in 1993, the European Union has displayed the benefits of uniting several countries together, however have also showed possible consequences. The majority of European countries felt the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis and afterwards the Eurozone crisis, which has had a severe and continuous effect on the general European economy. Additionally, due to the close association between all the countries, several banks around different European countries were forced to shut down. A generally lower standard of life in the EU, particularly around 2009 during the prime of both economical disasters, led to doubt and uncertainty about the future of many European families and consumers. However, as the economic situation all around the world slowly improved, so did the outlook on the future for most consumers. Struggles around Europe resulted in a larger need to stimulate the economy, which was only possible by borrowing and spending more money. As a result, national debt soared. It was also necessary for more economically successful countries to help finance countries that were deep in the crisis, such as Greece.

Key information about European Union New Orders Growth

• European Union New Orders dropped 4.0 % YoY in Apr 2012, compared with a drop of 2.2 % in the previous month
• EU New Orders Growth data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1997 to Apr 2012, with an average YoY change of 5.4 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 20.7 % in Jun 2010 and a record low of -32.2 % in Apr 2009

Turnover is the total of all sales (excluding VAT) of goods and services carried out by the enterprises of a given sector during the reference period. The data is broken down by size classes of persons employed.

The Eurobarometer series is a unique cross-national and cross-temporal survey program conducted on behalf of the European Commission. These surveys regularly monitor public opinion in the European Union (EU) member countries and consist of standard modules and special topic modules. The standard modules address attitudes towards European unification, institutions and policies, measurements for general socio-political orientations, as well as respondent and household demographics. The special topic modules address such topics as agriculture, education, natural environment and resources, public health, public safety and crime, and science and technology. Eurobarometer 83.3 covered the following special topics: (1) Attitudes towards the EU, (2) Europe 2020, (3) European economy, (4) European citizenship, (5) EU budget, and (6) Economic knowledge and attitude towards statistics. Respondents' opinions were collected regarding life satisfaction, the standard of living, self-esteem, and employment. Respondents were also questioned about the economic crisis, economic expectations, and public debt. Additional questions were asked regarding national governmental statistics, EU policies, national and European identity, participation in the EU, EU membership, and democracy. Demographic and other background information collected includes age, gender, nationality, marital status, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other goods, difficulties in paying bills, level in society, and Internet use. In addition, country-specific data includes type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

The number of persons employed is defined as the total number of persons working in the various industries: employees, non employees (e.g. family workers, delivery personnel) with the exception of agency workers. The data is broken down by size classes of persons employed. Country data are expressed in units. European aggregates (EU27) are expressed in 100.

Key information about European Union Real GDP Growth

• The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in European Union expanded 1.3 % YoY in Mar 2023, following a growth of 1.7 % in the previous quarter.
• Real GDP Growth YoY data in EU is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1996 to Mar 2023, with an average rate of 2.0 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 13.8 % in Jun 2021 and a record low of -13.4 % in Jun 2020.

• In the latest reports, Nominal GDP of EU reached 4,140.5 USD bn in Dec 2022.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 6.1 % in Dec 2022.
• GDP Per Capita in EU reached 38,454.2 USD in Dec 2021.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 25.8 % in Dec 2022.
• For Nominal GDP contributions, Investment accounted for 24.2 % in Dec 2022.
• Public Consumption accounted for 22.3 % in Dec 2022.
• Private Consumption accounted for 51.9 % in Dec 2022.

Full Year GDP Growth in European Union increased to 1 percent in 2024 from 0.40 percent in 2023. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for European Union Full Year GDP Growth.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as how satisfied they were with their present life, whether they attempted to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters, what their expectations were for the next 12 months, and how they viewed economic and social issues in their country compared to the European Union (EU). Additional questions focused on the respondents' knowledge of and opinions on the EU, including how well-informed they felt about the it, what sources of information about the EU they used, whether their country had benefited from being an EU member (or would benefit from being a future member), and the extent of their personal interest in EU matters. Another major focus of the surveys was personal data privacy. The survey asked respondents about their knowledge of the rules and requirements in protecting personal data, the ability of the law to protect citizens from entities accessing their information, and whether law enforcement should be able to access personal information for the purpose of fighting crime and terrorism. For the second major focus of the survey, the national economy, respondents were asked to evaluate their personal financial situation and their nation's economy, as well as to estimate the official growth rate (Gross Domestic Product), inflation rate, and unemployment rate, and then to compare these rates to those from previous or future years. Respondents also provided their opinion about the use of statistical information, especially for political decision-making. As a final major focus, respondents were asked about their interest in scientific research including how the media presents information about scientific research and what types of media they access to get information about this topic. Additional questions were asked of respondents in regard to globalization and involvement of the EU in this process, the 50th anniversary of EU achievements, the development of environmental, foreign, and immigration policies, and the European Council presidency. Demographic and other background information includes respondent's age, gender, nationality, origin of birth (personal and parental), marital status, left-to-right political self-placement, occupation, age when stopped full-time education, household composition, ownership of a fixed or a mobile telephone and other durable goods, type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Einschätzung der politischen und wirtschaftlichen Situationdes Landes. Einstellung zur Europäischen Union. Themen: Beurteilung der allgemeinen Entwicklung des Landes;Beurteilung der finanziellen Entwicklung des individuellenHaushalts im letzten Jahr und Erwartungen hierzu für dasnächste Jahr; Einstellung zur freien Marktwirtschaft;Beurteilung der Geschwindigkeit der Wirtschaftsreformen sowieder Privatisierung staatlicher Unternehmen; Zufriedenheit mitder Demokratieentwicklung im Lande; Einschätzung des Ausmaßesder Beachtung der Menschenrechte im eigenen Land; Einstellungzu den Zielen und Aktivitäten der Europäischen Union;Bezeichnung des Landes, mit dem die Zukunft des eigenen Landesam ehesten verbunden sein wird; Bekanntheitsgrad der PHARE undTACIS genannten Hilfsprogramme für die Länder des ehemaligenOstblocks; Kenntnis des Geldgebers für die beiden Programme;mehr Vorteile für das Land oder die EU durch die gegenseitigenBeziehungen; Parteipräferenz; nationale oder ethnischeHerkunft; Muttersprache; Fremdsprachenkenntnisse. Außer in Rußland wurde zusätzlich gefragt: Hauptsächlichgenutzte Informationsquelle über die Politik der EU. In den Ländern, die das europäische Agreement unterzeichnethatten, wurde zusätzlich gefragt: Einstellung gegenüber einerMitgliedschaft in der EU und der NATO; Gruppen, die durch dieBindung mit der EU besonders bevorteilt oder benachteiligtwerden. Zusätzlich verkodet wurden: Region; Ortsgröße;Interviewdatum; Zeitpunkt des Interviewbeginns; Anwesenheitanderer Personen während der Befragung;Kooperationsbereitschaft des Befragten. Assessment of the political and economic situation of the country.Attitude to the European Union. Topics: Judgement on the generaldevelopment of the country; judgement on the financial development ofindividual households in the last year and expectations on this for thenext year; attitude to the free market economy; judgement on the speedof economic reforms as well as privatization of governmental companies;satisfaction with development of democracy in the country; assessmenton the extent of respect of human rights in one´s country; attitude tothe goals and activities of the European Union; designation of thecountry with which the future of one´s own country most likely will betied; degree of familiarity of the aid programs called PHARE and TACISfor the countries of the former East Bloc; knowledge about thefinancial backer for the two programs; more advantages for the countryor the EU through mutual relations; party preference; national orethnic origins; native language; knowledge of foreign languages. Exceptin Russia the following additional question was posed: primarily usedsource of information about the policies of the EU. The followingadditional questions were posed in the countries that had signed theEuropean Agreement: attitude regarding membership in the EU and NATO;groups having particular advantage or disadvantage from the tie withthe EU. Also encoded was: region; city size; date of interview; time ofstart of interview; presence of other persons during the survey;willingness of respondent to cooperate.

Mean monthly earnings by economic activity, sex, length of service with the enterprise

Land use: number of farms and areas by type of farming (2-digit) and economic size of farm (ESU)

Attitudes towards the European Union. Globalisation. Assessment of the economic and financial crisis, and the EU policy.

Topics: 1. Standard trends and attitudes towards the EU: general life satisfaction; assessment of the national and the European economic situation; assessment of the world economic situation; assessment of the personal job situation and the financial situation of the own household; assessment of the situation on the labour market in the own country and the situation in the environment in the own country; assessment of the national situation compared to the average of the European Union countries regarding the economic situation, the situation on the labour market, cost of living, energy prices, quality of life, and the situation of the environment; future expectations in the above fields; most important problems of the country; EU membership of the own country is a good thing; benefits from the own country’s membership in the EU; development of the own country, the EU, and the USA in the right direction; trust in institutions (media, internet, army, national legal system, political parties, national government, national parliament, European Union, United Nations, regional or local authorities, and NATO); positive or negative image of the EU; EU´s main features; knowledge test on the EU institutions: European Parliament, European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Central Bank; confidence in these institutions; attitude towards a European Monetary Union; attitude towards the enlargement of the EU; assessment of the speed of building Europe; the EU´s most important issues; knowledge test about the EU: number of member states, result of the Irish referendum; membership of Switzerland (Split A) and Iceland (Split B) in the EU; satisfaction with the democracy in the own country and in the EU; understanding of the processes of the EU; assessment regarding the consideration of national interests in the EU; assessment of the EU´s growth speed; citizens of different countries share more common characteristics than differences; lack of ideas for Europe; the EU must meet the global challenges.

1. The EU, the world, and globalisation: most important factors for the global influence of a country or of a group of countries; assignment of these factors to the EU; attitude towards globalisation (scale: opportunity for economic growth, increasing social inequalities, demand for global governance, identical interests of the USA and the EU in dealing with globalisation, protects from price increases, peacekeeping, threat to national culture, is profitable only for large companies but not for the citizens, leads to foreign investment in the own country, promotes the development of poorer countries, leading to more openness to other cultures, the EU has sufficient power to defend their economic interests, EU protects its citizens from the negative effects of globalisation (Split A) or enables European citizens to better benefit from the positive effects of globalisation (Split B); globalisation as an opportunity or as a threat to the national economy; comparison of the performance of the European economy with the American, Japanese, Chinese, Indian, Russian and Brazilian economy; preferred orientation of the national society to meet global challenges.

2. Economic and financial crisis: expected worsening or recovery of the economic crisis; expected development of the individual financial situation of the household in the next months; most important actors to combat the crisis; positive or negative associations with the following terms (image): company, welfare state, competitiveness, free trade, protectionism, globalisation, liberalisation, trade union, reforms, public administration, flexibility, competition, security, and solidarity; attitude towards a free enterprise economy (scale: too strong intervention of the state in the lives of the individuals, economic growth prior to environmental protection (Split A) or environmental protection prior to economic growth (Split B), free competition is a guarantee of prosperity); attitude towards a reduction of the value of material possessions; approval of increased development of new technologies; impression of loss of personal purchasing power; expected change in the living conditions of future generations; suspected improvement of the lives of the young generation in the country by emigrating to another country; most important personal values; values ...

Spatial reference: ETRS 1989 LAEA.

Description: European regions were classified into three socioeconomic contexts (C1, C2, and C3) based on combined economic, demographic, and farmer-related variables at the NUTS 2 level.

C1 or "High-profile" regions demonstrate positive characteristics like higher organic farming prevalence, younger and more trained farm managers, larger farms, lower unemployment, and a predominantly urban/intermediate character, suggesting a strong economic base for agroforestry.

C3 or "Low-profile" regions face challenges such as lower organic farming adoption, fewer trained managers, an older farming population, lower economic output, higher unemployment, and a predominantly rural character, requiring targeted support.

C2 or "Medium profile" regions encompass those not meeting C1 or C3 criteria (at least four of six socioeconomic factors), representing an intermediate category with unique attributes requiring a tailored approach to agroforestry implementation.

Spatial reference: ETRS 1989 LAEA.

UBR_VALUE = Degree of urbanisation value (0, 1, 2 or 3).
URB_CLASS = Degree of urbanisation. Four classes: No data (0), Predominantly urban (1), intermediate (2), predominantly rural (3).
AGE_VALUE = Ratio of young (<40 years old) to elderly farm managers (>40 years old).
AGE_CLASS = Ratio of young to elderly farm managers. Seven classes: very low, low, medium to low, medium to high, high, very high, no data.
ECS_VALUE = Mean economic size of farms in Euros.
ECS_CLASS = Mean economic size. Seven classes: very small, small, medium to small, medium to large, large and very large, no data.
UNR_VALUE = Unemployment rate (%).
UNR_CLASS = Unemployment rate. Seven classes: very low, low, medium to low, medium to high, high, very high, no data.
TRN_VALUE = Ratio of farm managers with full training to farm managers with basic knowledge or practical experience only.
TRN_CLASS = Ratio of farm managers with full training to farm managers with basic knowledge or practical experience only. Seven classes: very low, low, medium to low, medium to high, high, very high, no data.
ORG_VALUE = Share of organic farming holdings (%).
ORG_CLASS = Organic farming holdings. Seven classes: very low, low, medium to low, medium to high, high, very high, no data.