Context

The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects. The World Bank's stated goal is the reduction of poverty. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank

Content

This dataset combines key education statistics from a variety of sources to provide a look at global literacy, spending, and access.

For more information, see the World Bank website.

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Acknowledgements

https://bigquery.cloud.google.com/dataset/bigquery-public-data:world_bank_health_population

http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/ed-stats

https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/public-data/world-bank-education

Citation: The World Bank: Education Statistics

Dataset Source: World Bank. This dataset is publicly available for anyone to use under the following terms provided by the Dataset Source - http://www.data.gov/privacy-policy#data_policy - and is provided "AS IS" without any warranty, express or implied, from Google. Google disclaims all liability for any damages, direct or indirect, resulting from the use of the dataset.

Banner Photo by @till_indeman from Unplash.

Inspiration

Of total government spending, what percentage is spent on education?

Patterns of educational attainment vary greatly across countries, and across population groups within countries. In some countries, virtually all children complete basic education whereas in others large groups fall short. The primary purpose of this database, and the associated research program, is to document and analyze these differences using a compilation of a variety of household-based data sets: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS); Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS); Living Standards Measurement Study Surveys (LSMS); as well as country-specific Integrated Household Surveys (IHS) such as Socio-Economic Surveys.As shown at the website associated with this database, there are dramatic differences in attainment by wealth. When households are ranked according to their wealth status (or more precisely, a proxy based on the assets owned by members of the household) there are striking differences in the attainment patterns of children from the richest 20 percent compared to the poorest 20 percent.In Mali in 2012 only 34 percent of 15 to 19 year olds in the poorest quintile have completed grade 1 whereas 80 percent of the richest quintile have done so. In many countries, for example Pakistan, Peru and Indonesia, almost all the children from the wealthiest households have completed at least one year of schooling. In some countries, like Mali and Pakistan, wealth gaps are evident from grade 1 on, in other countries, like Peru and Indonesia, wealth gaps emerge later in the school system.The EdAttain website allows a visual exploration of gaps in attainment and enrollment within and across countries, based on the international database which spans multiple years from over 120 countries and includes indicators disaggregated by wealth, gender and urban/rural location. The database underlying that site can be downloaded from here.

Finland had the highest quality of primary education in the world in 2017, with an index score of 6.7. The index runs on scale of one (low quality) to seven (very good). Switzerland, Singapore, the Netherlands, and Estonia rounded out the top five for countries with the highest quality of primary education.

A solid foundation

Primary school age children are generally between the ages of six and eleven years old. Primary school is the first stage of formal education and consists of general knowledge and fundamental skills in areas like mathematics, reading, writing, and science, with student enrollment rates being particularly high in advanced economies. This helps young students to form a solid base for further study as they get older.

Primary education in the United States

Primary schools in the United States, where they are called elementary schools, can be either private or public institutions with enrollment in public schools generally higher than in private schools. Education from the age of five is mandatory in the U.S., whether that be through the state-funded public school system, private schooling, or through an approved home school program. Depending on state law, students can leave school between the ages of 16 and 18 years.

Abstract

The dashboard project collects new data in each country using three new instruments: a School Survey, a Policy Survey, and a Survey of Public Officials. Data collection involves school visits, classroom observations, legislative reviews, teacher and student assessments, and interviews with teachers, principals, and public officials. In addition, the project draws on some existing data sources to complement the new data it collects. A major objective of the GEPD project was to develop focused, cost-effective instruments and data-collection procedures, so that the dashboard can be inexpensive enough to be applied (and re-applied) in many countries. The team achieved this by streamlining and simplifying existing instruments, and thereby reducing the time required for data collection and training of enumerators.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Schools, teachers, students, public officials

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The aim of the Global Education Policy Dashboard school survey is to produce nationally representative estimates, which will be able to detect changes in the indicators over time at a minimum power of 80% and with a 0.05 significance level. We also wish to detect differences by urban/rural location. For our school survey, we will employ a two-stage random sample design, where in the first stage a sample of typically around 200 schools, based on local conditions, is drawn, chosen in advance by the Bank staff. In the second stage, a sample of teachers and students will be drawn to answer questions from our survey modules, chosen in the field. A total of 10 teachers will be sampled for absenteeism. Five teachers will be interviewed and given a content knowledge exam. Three 1st grade students will be assessed at random, and a classroom of 4th grade students will be assessed at random. Stratification will be based on the school’s urban/rural classification and based on region. When stratifying by region, we will work with our partners within the country to make sure we include all relevant geographical divisions. For our Survey of Public Officials, we will sample a total of 200 public officials. Roughly 60 officials are typically surveyed at the federal level, while 140 officials will be surveyed at the regional/district level. For selection of officials at the regional and district level, we will employ a cluster sampling strategy, where roughly 10 regional offices (or whatever the secondary administrative unit is called) are chosen at random from among the regions in which schools were sampled. Then among these 10 regions, we also typically select around 10 districts (tertiary administrative level units) from among the districts in which schools werer sampled. The result of this sampling approach is that for 10 clusters we will have links from the school to the district office to the regional office to the central office. Within the regions/districts, five or six officials will be sampled, including the head of organization, HR director, two division directors from finance and planning, and one or two randomly selected professional employees among the finance, planning, and one other service related department chosen at random. At the federal level, we will interview the HR director, finance director, planning director, and three randomly selected service focused departments. In addition to the directors of each of these departments, a sample of 9 professional employees will be chosen in each department at random on the day of the interview.

Sampling deviation

The sample for the Global Education Policy Dashboard in SLE was based in part on a previous sample of 260 schools which were part of an early EGRA study. Details from the sampling for that study are quoted below. An additional booster sample of 40 schools was chosen to be representative of smaller schools of less than 30 learners.

EGRA Details:

"The sampling frame began with the 2019 Annual School Census (ASC) list of primary schools as provided by UNICEF/MBSSE where the sample of 260 schools for this study were obtained from an initial list of 7,154 primary schools. Only schools that meet a pre-defined selection criteria were eligible for sampling.

To achieve the recommended sample size of 10 learners per grade, schools that had an enrolment of at least 30 learners in Grade 2 in 2019 were considered. To achieve a high level of confidence in the findings and generate enough data for analysis, the selection criteria only considered schools that: • had an enrolment of at least 30 learners in grade 1; and • had an active grade 4 in 2019 (enrolment not zero)

The sample was taken from a population of 4,597 primary schools that met the eligibility criteria above, representing 64.3% of all the 7,154 primary schools in Sierra Leone (as per the 2019 school census). Schools with higher numbers of learners were purposefully selected to ensure the sample size could be met in each site.

As a result, a sample of 260 schools were drawn using proportional to size allocation with simple random sampling without replacement in each stratum. In the population, there were 16 districts and five school ownership categories (community, government, mission/religious, private and others). A total of 63 strata were made by forming combinations of the 16 districts and school ownership categories. In each stratum, a sample size was computed proportional to the total population and samples were drawn randomly without replacement. Drawing from other EGRA/EGMA studies conducted by Montrose in the past, a backup sample of up to 78 schools (30% of the sample population) with which enumerator teams can replace sample schools was also be drawn.

In the distribution of sampled schools by ownership, majority of the sampled schools are owned by mission/religious group (62.7%, n=163) followed by the government owned schools at 18.5% (n=48). Additionally, in school distribution by district, majority of the sampled schools (54%) were found in Bo, Kambia, Kenema, Kono, Port Loko and Kailahun districts. Refer to annex 9. for details on the population and sample distribution by district."

Because of the restriction that at least 30 learners were available in Grade 2, we chose to add an additional 40 schools to the sample from among smaller schools, with between 3 and 30 grade 2 students. The objective of this supplement was to make the sample more nationally representative, as the restriction reduced the sampling frame for the EGRA/EGMA sample by over 1,500 schools from 7,154 to 4,597.

The 40 schools were chosen in a manner consistent with the original set of EGRA/EGMA schools. The 16 districts formed the strata. In each stratum, the number of schools selected were proportional to the total population of the stratum, and within stratum schools were chosen with probability proportional to size.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The dashboard project collects new data in each country using three new instruments: a School Survey, a Policy Survey, and a Survey of Public Officials. Data collection involves school visits, classroom observations, legislative reviews, teacher and student assessments, and interviews with teachers, principals, and public officials. In addition, the project draws on some existing data sources to complement the new data it collects. A major objective of the GEPD project was to develop focused, cost-effective instruments and data-collection procedures, so that the dashboard can be inexpensive enough to be applied (and re-applied) in many countries. The team achieved this by streamlining and simplifying existing instruments, and thereby reducing the time required for data collection and training of enumerators.

More information pertaining to each of the three instruments can be found below: - School Survey: The School Survey collects data primarily on practices (the quality of service delivery in schools), but also on some de facto policy indicators. It consists of streamlined versions of existing instruments—including Service Delivery Surveys on teachers and inputs/infrastructure, Teach on pedagogical practice, Global Early Child Development Database (GECDD) on school readiness of young children, and the Development World Management Survey (DWMS) on management quality—together with new questions to fill gaps in those instruments. Though the number of modules is similar to the full version of the Service Delivery Indicators (SDI) Survey, the number of items and the complexity of the questions within each module is significantly lower. The School Survey includes 8 short modules: School Information, Teacher Presence, Teacher Survey, Classroom Observation, Teacher Assessment, Early Learner Direct Assessment, School Management Survey, and 4th-grade Student Assessment. For a team of two enumerators, it takes on average about 4 hours to collect all information in a given school. For more information, refer to the Frequently Asked Questions.

• Policy Survey: The Policy Survey collects information to feed into the policy de jure indicators. This survey is filled out by key informants in each country, drawing on their knowledge to identify key elements of the policy framework (as in the SABER approach to policy-data collection that the Bank has used over the past 7 years). The survey includes questions on policies related to teachers, school management, inputs and infrastructure, and learners. In total, there are 52 questions in the survey as of June 2020. The key informant is expected to spend 2-3 days gathering and analyzing the relavant information to answer the survey

This statistic shows the results of a 2018 survey conducted by Ipsos in 28 countries around the world on socialism. During the survey, the respondents were asked if they agree or disagree with the notion that education should be free of charge in their country. This statistic only shows those respondents who somewhat or strongly agreed with this statement. Some 98 percent of respondents in Russia agreed somewhat or strongly with this statement.

The average for 2021 based on 158 countries was 4.48 percent. The highest value was in Kiribati: 14.2 percent and the lowest value was in Nigeria: 0.38 percent. The indicator is available from 1970 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Education is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. The World Bank compiles data on education inputs, participation, efficiency, and outcomes. Data on education are compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics from official responses to surveys and from reports provided by education authorities in each country.

Abstract

The SABER Service Delivery survey tool was developed in 2016 in the Global Engagement and Knowledge Unit of the Education Global Practice (GP) at the World Bank, as an initiative to uncover bottlenecks that inhibit student learning in low and middle income countries and to better understand the quality of education service delivery in a country as well as gaps in policy implementation. The SABER SD survey collects strategic information on school inputs and processes that influence learning outcomes. The data collected aims to uncover the extent to which policies translate into implementation and practice. As a global initiative, SABER SD provides data for the new global lead indicator on learning, which makes it easier to monitor the Sustainable Development Goal of achieving universal primary education.

SABER SD was created using knowledge and expertise from two major initiatives at the World Bank: SABER (Systems Approach for Better Education Results) and the SDI (Service Delivery Indicators) tools. The SABER program conducts research and knowledge from leading expertise in various themes of education. Using diagnostic tools and detailed policy information, the SABER program collects and analyzes comparative data and knowledge on education systems around the world and highlights the policies and institutions that matter most to promote learning for all children and youth. The SDI program is a large-scale survey of education and health facilities across Africa. The new SABER SD tool builds on and contributes to the growing SABER evidence base by capturing policy implementation measures identified as important in the frameworks of the core SABER domains of School Autonomy and Accountability, Student Assessment, Teachers, Finance, Education Management Information Systems, and Education Resilience.

The SABER SD instrument collects data at the school level and asks questions related to the roles of all levels of government (including local and regional). The tool provides comprehensive data on teacher effort and ability; principal leadership; school governance, management, and finances; community participation; and student performance in math and language and includes a classroom observation module.

Geographic coverage

The SABER SD survey in Lao PDR was nationally representative. Schools from all 18 provinces in Lao PDR were included in the sample.

Analysis unit

The unit of analysis varies for each of the modules. They are as follows: Module 1, the unit of analysis is the school. Module 2, the unit of analysis is the teacher. Module 3, the unit of analysis is the school/principal. Module 4, the unit of analysis is the classroom/school/teacher. Module 5, the unit of analysis is the student. Module 6, the unit of analysis is the teacher.

For modules where the unit of analysis is not the school (i.e., teachers and/or students), it is possible to create an average for the school based on groupings by the unique identifier – the school code.

Universe

The target was to have a nationally representative sample. All primary schools in Lao PDR were included in the original sample. The final pool of primary schools from which the sample was drawn included those with a grade 4 population of students.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The SABER Service Delivery survey was implemented in primary schools across Lao PDR, with detailed information being collected from Grade 4. According to official records from the Ministry of Education and Sports (MOES) education management information system for the school year 2015-2016, 8,864 primary schools exist across the country. The sample was created using probability proportional to size (PPS) according to the size of students enrolled in Grade 4. The target population of the survey was Grade 4 students, so all schools with at least one student enrolled in Grade 4 were considered in the sample.

Schools were stratified for sampling along four dimensions to ensure representation. For each of these, stratification was done on a discrete variable. The four sampling strata used for this survey with a target sample size of 200 schools across Lao PDR are the following: Urban/Rural, Public/Private, Single grade/Multi-grade, Priority/Non-Priority.

Multiple sampling scenarios were created according to the number of schools within a stratum. The final sample option was selected based on the standard errors of the sample as a whole and the errors within a subgroup. Please see the sampling appendix in the final report for more information (Appendix A).

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Cleaning operations

After a first round of cleaning and editing carried out by IRL, the raw data was sent to the World Bank team by the survey firm. The World Bank team ran data checks on the raw data files, with comments and questions sent back to the survey firm on inconsistencies and/or missing data. The survey firm then responded to the questions, if any data are missing, the field team collects the data again or corrects the incorrect information. This happened in a few cases where the principals of the schools were contacted again to confirm and verify certain answers from the school.

Once the data was finalized, the weights were attached back to the dataset. The weighting procedure was done by the Development Economics Vice Presidency (DEC) team at the World Bank. Finally, with weights attached, the final datasets for each module (1 through 6) were produced.

For this data, many modules were also merged together to run analysis across different school components. There is one final data file which has merged modules 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6.

Response rate

100% response rate from all 200 schools in sample. No reserve schools were activated.

CL: Children Out of School: % of Primary School Age data was reported at 1.293 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.167 % for 2021. CL: Children Out of School: % of Primary School Age data is updated yearly, averaging 2.841 % from Dec 2007 (Median) to 2022, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.814 % in 2009 and a record low of 1.293 % in 2022. CL: Children Out of School: % of Primary School Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chile – Table CL.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. Children out of school are the percentage of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Children in the official primary age group that are in preprimary education should be considered out of school.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 24, 2024. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;Weighted average;

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Education is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. The World Bank compiles data on education inputs, participation, efficiency, and outcomes. Data on education are compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics from official responses to surveys and from reports provided by education authorities in each country.

The number of pupils in secondary education worldwide increased almost constantly since 2000. While around 445 million children were enrolled in secondary school in 2000, the number reached about 641 million pupils in 2023. At the same time, the completion rate of lower secondary education also increased, reaching over 74 percent in 2023. Primary education Since the turn of the millennium, the number of pupils in primary education also increased significantly. About 655 million children were enrolled in primary education in 2000; a number which had grown to 771 million in 2023. However, a growing number of pupils complete primary education, reaching 88 percent in 2023. Out-of-school population Despite a growing number of students in primary and secondary schools, not all children are undertaking elementary education. 16 percent of girls were not in lower secondary schools in 2018, which was a slightly higher proportion than for boys. Furthermore, several pupils were hit by the COVID-19 pandemic which forced schools all around the world to close.

The Arab World Education Performance Indicators compiles data on education outcomes in 22 Arab States member countries in an aggregated and standardized manner. It allows users to compare the performance of each country along the following 6 important dimensions of education performance: access, equity, quality, efficiency, relevance, and Knowledge Economy readiness.

Policymakers in low- and middle-income countries who are working to improve student learning often find themselves flying blind. They see the budget that goes into education and (sometimes) the learning that students come out with, but they lack information on the crucial factors in between—the practices, policies, and politics—that drive those learning outcomes. The Global Education Policy Dashboard (GEPD) shines a light on those hidden drivers.

Many countries, despite having significantly increased access to education for their children and youth, now realize that they are facing a learning crisis (World Development Report 2018). In low- and middle-income countries, despite near universal enrollment in primary school, 53 percent of children cannot read and understand a simple story by late primary age (World Bank 2019). This statistic underlines the reality that schooling is not the same as learning—even though education policy often assumes that it is (Pritchett 2013). It shows just how far off track the world is from the aspiration embodied in Sustainable Development Goal 4, of providing at least quality secondary education to all children.

The World Development Report 2018 argued that the learning crisis has multiple causes: poor service delivery in schools and communities, unhealthy politics and low bureaucratic capacity, and policies that are not aligned toward learning for all. To tackle the crisis and improve learning for all children, countries need to know where they stand on these three key dimensions: practices (or service delivery), policies, and politics. But providing such a systemwide overview requires better measurement. Many of these drivers of learning are not captured by existing administrative systems. And although new measurement tools capture some of those aspects well, no single instrument pulls together data on all these areas. This gap leaves policymakers in the dark about what is working and what isn’t.

To fill this gap, the World Bank, with support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the UK’s Department for International Development, and the Government of Japan, has launched a Global Education Policy Dashboard, which measures the drivers of learning outcomes in basic education around the world. In doing so, it highlights gaps between current practice and what the evidence suggests would be most effective in promoting learning, and it gives governments a way to set priorities and track progress as they work to close those gaps.

Global 25-34 Year-Olds Population with Tertiary Education by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

United States US: Government Expenditure on Primary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data was reported at 30.965 % in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 31.109 % for 2013. United States US: Government Expenditure on Primary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data is updated yearly, averaging 31.109 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2014, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.422 % in 2010 and a record low of 30.963 % in 2012. United States US: Government Expenditure on Primary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Education Statistics. Expenditure on primary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

CL: Educational Attainment: At Least Master's or Equivalent: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data was reported at 2.926 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.822 % for 2022. CL: Educational Attainment: At Least Master's or Equivalent: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 1.246 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2023, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.926 % in 2023 and a record low of 0.370 % in 2011. CL: Educational Attainment: At Least Master's or Equivalent: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chile – Table CL.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Master's or equivalent.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed September 30, 2024. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;;

CR: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Post-Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Male: % Cumulative data was reported at 18.298 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 17.111 % for 2022. CR: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Post-Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Male: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 17.704 % from Dec 2022 (Median) to 2023, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.298 % in 2023 and a record low of 17.111 % in 2022. CR: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Post-Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Male: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Costa Rica – Table CR.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed September 30, 2024. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;;

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Education is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. The World Bank compiles data on education inputs, participation, efficiency, and outcomes. Data on education are compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics from official responses to surveys and from reports provided by education authorities in each country.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Education is one of the most powerful instruments for reducing poverty and inequality and lays a foundation for sustained economic growth. The World Bank compiles data on education inputs, participation, efficiency, and outcomes. Data on education are compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics from official responses to surveys and from reports provided by education authorities in each country.

United States US: Secondary Education: Pupils data was reported at 24,417,185.769 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 24,229,777.000 Person for 2014. United States US: Secondary Education: Pupils data is updated yearly, averaging 21,754,500.000 Person from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2015, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24,731,027.000 Person in 2007 and a record low of 19,270,000.000 Person in 1991. United States US: Secondary Education: Pupils data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Education Statistics. Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.; ; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Sum; Each economy is classified based on the classification of World Bank Group's fiscal year 2018 (July 1, 2017-June 30, 2018).