Complete dataset of average residential and commercial electricity rates in cents per kWh for all 50 states and D.C. as of December 2025.

The average retail price of electricity for households has risen steadily in the United States, reaching a peak of around 16.48 cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024. In the U.S., electricity prices tend to reflect base overnight costs for power plants, their maintenance, fuel costs, and the operation of power grids. How electricity rates differ across states in the U.S. The price of electricity varies widely across states. Hawaii has continuously had one of the highest rates and Washington one of the lowest. In Hawaii, the power sector is largely reliant on petroleum and diesel generators. Crude oil is a comparatively expensive fuel and prices tend to be volatile, driving up overall electricity prices. Meanwhile, electricity prices are low in states which use hydropower as the main source of electricity, as Washington. In the U.S., costs of electricity are greatly shaped by the primary power source used per state. Maintaining the power grid In addition to primary fuel purchases, the costs required to operate and maintain transmission and distribution systems also impact the prices that a household pays. In 2023, power utilities reported a peak in grid operating expenses, with transmission-related costs reaching 15.8 billion U.S. dollars and 6.4 billion U.S. dollars invested in distribution networks.

In the third quarter of 2025, Bermuda had the highest household electricity prices worldwide, followed by Ireland, Italy, and Germany. At the time, Irish households were charged around 0.44 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour, while in Italy, the price stood at 0.42 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. By comparison, in Russia, residents paid almost 10 times less. What is behind electricity prices? Electricity prices vary widely across the world and sometimes even within a country itself, depending on factors like infrastructure, geography, and politically determined taxes and levies. For example, in Denmark, Belgium, and Sweden, taxes constitute a significant portion of residential end-user electricity prices. Reliance on fossil fuel imports Meanwhile, thanks to their great crude oil and natural gas production output, countries like Iran, Qatar, and Russia enjoy some of the cheapest electricity prices in the world. Here, the average household pays less than 0.1 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. In contrast, countries heavily reliant on fossil fuel imports for electricity generation are more vulnerable to market price fluctuations.

The average wholesale electricity price in September 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

Germany Electricity decreased 17.60 EUR/MWh or 15.21% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

Electricity prices in the U.S. have surged due to rising demand from heatwaves and data centers, alongside investments in grid infrastructure.

Italy Electricity decreased 4.07 EUR/MWh or 2.96% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy Electricity Price.

Industrial consumers of electricity in the United States paid an average of 8.15 U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024. This was an increase compared to the previous year, when prices peaked at 8.3 U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour. Prices are forecast to increase further to 8.32 U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour by the end of 2025.

After years of stagnant growth, U.S. electricity demand recently surged. This increase was driven in part by the commercial sector, particularly the rapid expansion of data centers and the adoption of artificial intelligence. The surge is expected to continue, signaling a shift toward a more electrified economy, with significant implications for economic competitiveness and energy infrastructure.

France Electricity decreased 21.25 EUR/MWh or 30.42% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for France Electricity Price.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Household Energy in U.S. City Average (CUSR0000SAH21) from Jan 1967 to Sep 2025 about energy, urban, households, consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Global price of Energy index (PNRGINDEXM) from Jan 1992 to Jun 2025 about energy, World, indexes, and price.

The electricity delivery process has experienced a major shift in recent years, driven by a push to reduce emissions. Governments across Europe are actively moving away from conventional sources of electricity generation, leading to a decline in the continent's dependency on fossil fuels. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), renewables accounted for 41.7% of electricity generation in Europe in 2022, up from 32.9% in 2017. The rise of renewables has spurred an influx of renewable generators and necessitated increased investment in electricity networks. This has lifted revenue for transmission and distribution network operators. Revenue is forecast to rise at a compound annual rate of 8.7% over the five years through 2025, reaching €2.8 billion. Falling wholesale prices and a reduction in overall electricity consumption spurred a drop in revenue during the pandemic. Excess demand for natural gas as economies loosened pandemic-related restrictions spurred a strong rebound in wholesale electricity prices in 2021, translating to a jump in revenue. Wholesale prices recorded a renewed spike following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, spurring a surge in revenue generated by electricity producers and suppliers. Renewable generators were able to rake in extra profit from electricity sold to wholesale markets at inflated prices, counterbalancing a significant rise in costs for fossil fuel generators and electricity suppliers. Wholesale prices have since come down as Europe has diversified its fuel mix away from Russian gas. Revenue is forecast to decline by 5.1% in the current year. Revenue is forecast to increase at a compound annual rate of 0.3% over the five years through 2030 to €2.9 billion. The revised Renewable Energy Directive of the EU has set a goal for 69% of electricity to be generated from renewables by 2030. Electricity generators will continue expanding their renewables capacity, while investment in upgrading the electricity network to accommodate the rapid shift to renewables will boost income for transmission and distribution network operators. Rising renewable electricity generation will place downward pressure on wholesale prices, though the electrification of heat and transport is set to spur an uptick in demand for electricity across the continent.

In September 2024, industrial electricity prices in the European countries of Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom were among the highest in the world, at around **** U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. Singapore was the Asian country with the highest electricity bill worldwide at that time. Lowest electricity prices in the world The average retail electricity price in the United States was considerably lower than in most of Europe. Iceland was the European country with one of the lowest electricity bills for enterprises that month. At the bottom of the ranking were also Russia, Iraq, Qatar, Argentina, and Libya. In these countries, commercial electricity prices amounted to less than *** U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. Household electricity prices In addition, European countries had the highest household electricity prices worldwide that month, with Italy at the top of the ranking. By comparison, Iran and Ethiopia had the lowest residential electricity prices in the world.

Electricity prices in Europe are expected to remain volatile through 2025, with Italy projected to have some of the highest rates among major European economies. This trend reflects the ongoing challenges in the energy sector, including the transition to renewable sources and the impact of geopolitical events on supply chains. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, prices still have not returned to pre-pandemic levels, such as in countries like Italy, where prices are forecast to reach ****** euros per megawatt hour in September 2025. Natural gas futures shaping electricity costs The electricity market's future trajectory is closely tied to natural gas prices, a key component in power generation. Dutch TTF gas futures, a benchmark for European natural gas prices, are projected to be ***** euros per megawatt hour in July 2025. The reduced output from the Groningen gas field and increased reliance on imports further complicate the pricing landscape, potentially contributing to higher electricity costs in countries like Italy. Regional disparities and global market influences While European electricity prices remain high, significant regional differences persist. For instance, natural gas prices in the United States are expected to be roughly one-third of those in Europe by March 2025, at **** U.S. dollars per million British thermal units. This stark contrast highlights the impact of domestic production capabilities on global natural gas prices. Europe's greater reliance on imports, particularly in the aftermath of geopolitical tensions and the shift away from Russian gas, continues to keep prices elevated compared to more self-sufficient markets. As a result, countries like Italy may face sustained pressure on electricity prices due to their position within the broader European energy market. As of August 2025, electricity prices in Italy have decreased to ****** euros per megawatt hour, reflecting ongoing volatility in the market.

Automated Precooling for TOU Rates Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Automated Precooling for TOU Rates market size reached USD 1.42 billion in 2024, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.8% observed over the past year. The market is set for significant expansion, with projections indicating it will achieve a value of USD 4.12 billion by 2033, driven by increasing adoption of smart energy management solutions and the growing prevalence of time-of-use (TOU) electricity pricing models. The primary growth factor for this market is the rising need for energy efficiency and cost savings among residential, commercial, and industrial consumers, as utilities worldwide shift towards dynamic pricing strategies to balance grid demand and promote sustainability.

A key driver propelling the Automated Precooling for TOU Rates market is the escalating implementation of TOU rates by utilities, which incentivizes consumers to shift energy usage away from peak hours. Automated precooling, leveraging advanced smart thermostats, building management systems, and HVAC controllers, enables users to pre-cool spaces during off-peak periods when electricity is less expensive and cleaner. This not only reduces energy bills but also supports grid stability, especially during high-demand periods such as summer afternoons. As governments and regulatory bodies increasingly mandate or encourage TOU pricing to manage grid congestion and integrate renewable energy sources, demand for automated precooling solutions is expected to surge across all end-user segments.

Technological advancements are further accelerating market growth, with cloud-based platforms and IoT-enabled devices transforming how energy consumption is monitored and controlled. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in automated precooling systems enables predictive analytics, optimizing cooling schedules based on weather forecasts, occupancy patterns, and historical consumption data. This seamless automation enhances user comfort and maximizes energy savings, making these solutions attractive to both property managers and homeowners. The proliferation of smart home technologies and the increasing affordability of connected devices are expected to expand the addressable market, especially in regions with high electricity costs and strong digital infrastructure.

Another significant growth factor is the rising emphasis on sustainability and carbon reduction initiatives, particularly in commercial and industrial sectors. Automated precooling for TOU rates aligns with corporate ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) goals by lowering peak electricity demand, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and supporting the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources. Utilities are also partnering with technology providers to offer incentives for customers adopting automated precooling, further stimulating market demand. As climate change intensifies and energy grids face increasing stress, automated precooling is emerging as a critical tool for demand-side management and resilience.

Regionally, North America currently leads the Automated Precooling for TOU Rates market, accounting for the largest share due to widespread deployment of smart grid infrastructure, favorable regulatory frameworks, and high consumer awareness. Europe follows closely, driven by stringent energy efficiency regulations and ambitious decarbonization targets, while Asia Pacific is poised for the fastest growth, fueled by rapid urbanization, rising electricity demand, and government-led smart city initiatives. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing increased adoption, albeit at a slower pace, as utilities modernize their grids and introduce TOU pricing to improve operational efficiency.

Solution Type Analysis

The solution type segment of the Automated Precooling for TOU Rates market encompasses smart thermostats, building management systems (B

View monthly updates and historical trends for Japan Consumer Price Index: Energy. Source: Japan Statistics Bureau. Track economic data with YCharts analy…

The growing demand for wind energy in Spain is mostly driven by the country's commitment to decarbonization and conformity with European Union climate goals. Spain's National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) has high targets for renewable energy integration, accelerating the development of wind power infrastructure. This legal structure, together with the falling costs of wind energy technologies, makes it a highly competitive and appealing energy source. The market size surpass USD 32.8 Billion valued in 2024 to reach a valuation of around USD 53.1 Billion by 2032.Spain's favorable wind resources, both onshore and increasingly offshore, provide a solid platform for long-term growth in the sector. The need for energy independence, combined with rising electricity rates and increased environmental consciousness, fuels the transition toward renewable energy sources. This mix of favorable government policies, technical developments, and rich natural resources is driving Spain's wind energy market to new heights. The rising demand for cost-effective and efficient Spain Wind Energy is enabling the market grow at a CAGR of 6% from 2025 to 2032.