Electricity consumption in the United States totaled 4,000 terawatt-hours in 2023, one of the highest values in the period under consideration. Figures represent energy end use, which is the sum of retail sales and direct use of electricity by the producing entity. Electricity consumption in the U.S. is expected to continue increasing in the next decades. Which sectors consume the most electricity in the U.S.? Consumption has often been associated with economic growth. Nevertheless, technological improvements in efficiency and new appliance standards have led to a stabilizing of electricity consumption, despite the increased ubiquity of chargeable consumer electronics. Electricity consumption is highest in the residential sector, followed by the commercial sector. Equipment used for space heating and cooling account for some of the largest shares of residential electricity end use. Leading states in electricity use Industrial hub Texas is the leading electricity-consuming U.S. state. In 2022, the Southwestern state, which houses major refinery complexes and is also home to nearly 30 million people, consumed over 470 terawatt-hours. California and Florida trailed in second and third, each with an annual consumption of approximately 250 terawatt-hours.

United States Electricity Consumption data was reported at 11.791 kWh/Day bn in Feb 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 12.060 kWh/Day bn for Jan 2025. United States Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 9.940 kWh/Day bn from Jan 1991 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 410 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.179 kWh/Day bn in Jul 2024 and a record low of 7.190 kWh/Day bn in Apr 1991. United States Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB004: Electricity Supply and Consumption. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Electricity use in the United States stood at roughly 4,049 terawatt hours in 2023. It is projected that U.S. electricity use will continue to rise over the coming decades to reach 5,178 terawatt hours by 2050.

Monthly data since January 1973 and annual data since 1949 on U.S. primary and total energy consumption by end-use sector (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation) and electric power sector.

In 2023, the residential sector consumed an estimated 1450 terawatt-hours of electricity in the United States, the largest consuming sector in the country. It was closely followed by the commercial sector. In contrast, the transportation sector was the least power demanding sector, with some 6.9 terawatt-hours consumed.

Petroleum is the primary source of energy in the United States, with a consumption of 35.43 quadrillion British thermal units in 2023. Closely following, the U.S. had 33.61 quadrillion British thermal units of energy derived from natural gas. Energy consumption by sector in the United States Petroleum is predominantly utilized as a fuel in the transportation sector, which is also the second-largest consumer of energy in the U.S. with almost 30 percent of the country’s total energy consumption in 2023. This figure is topped only by the energy-guzzling industrial sector, a major consumer of fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas. Renewable energy in the United States Despite the prevalence of fossil fuels in the U.S. energy mix, the use of renewable energy consumption has grown immensely in the last decades to approximately 11 exajoules in 2023. Most of the renewable energy produced in the U.S. is derived from biomass, hydro and wind sources. In 2023, renewable electricity accounted for approximately 22.5 percent of the nation’s total electricity generation.

Texas is the leading electricity-consuming state in the United States. In 2022, the state consumed roughly 475 terawatt-hours of electricity. California and Florida followed in second and third, each consuming approximately 250 terawatt-hours.

The US experiences record-high residential energy consumption in 2024 amidst rising temperatures, challenging energy providers to manage increased demand efficiently.

United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data was reported at 10.520 kWh/Day bn in Dec 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.870 kWh/Day bn for Nov 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 10.519 kWh/Day bn from Mar 2016 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.364 kWh/Day bn in Aug 2018 and a record low of 9.369 kWh/Day bn in Apr 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB069: Electricity Supply and Consumption: Forecast: Energy Information Administration.

United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data was reported at 82.776 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 82.935 % for 2014. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 87.236 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95.982 % in 1967 and a record low of 82.776 % in 2015. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.; ; IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/; Weighted average; Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 8.717 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.754 % for 2014. United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 5.454 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.754 % in 2014 and a record low of 4.089 % in 1994. United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted Average;

The City and County Energy Profiles lookup table provides modeled electricity and natural gas consumption and expenditures, on-road vehicle fuel consumption, vehicle miles traveled, and associated emissions for each U.S. city and county. Please note this data is modeled and more precise data may be available from regional, state, or other sources. The modeling approach for electricity and natural gas is described in Sector-Specific Methodologies for Subnational Energy Modeling: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72748.pdf.

This data is part of a suite of state and local energy profile data available at the "State and Local Energy Profile Data Suite" link below and complements the wealth of data, maps, and charts on the State and Local Planning for Energy (SLOPE) platform, available at the "Explore State and Local Energy Data on SLOPE" link below. Examples of how to use the data to inform energy planning can be found at the "Example Uses" link below.

In 2022, consumption of primary energy per capita in the United Stated amounted to 284 million British thermal units. Per capita consumption of energy has increased since the 1950s in the United States. However, in the advent of vehicle and electricity efficiency standards, per capita consumption has decreased in recent years.

Primary energy consumption of United States of America fell by 1.18% from 94.81 quadrillion btu in 2022 to 93.69 quadrillion btu in 2023. Since the 5.04% jump in 2021, primary energy consumption went up by 0.36% in 2023. The Energy Information Administration includes the following in U.S. Primary Energy Consumption: coal consumption; coal coke net imports; petroleum consumption (petroleum products supplied, including natural gas plant liquids and crude oil burned as fuel); dry natural gas excluding supplemental gaseous fuels consumption; nuclear electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the nuclear plants heat rate); conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate); geothermal electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the geothermal plants heat rate), and geothermal heat pump energy and geothermal direct use energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate), and solar thermal direct use energy; wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate); wood and wood-derived fuels consumption; biomass waste consumption; fuel ethanol and biodiesel consumption; losses and co-products from the production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel; and electricity net imports (converted to Btu using the electricity heat content of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour).

U.S. data centers are projected to drastically increase power demand due to AI growth, potentially consuming up to 12% of national electricity by 2028.

United States Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuels data was reported at 7,001.586 BTU tn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,913.155 BTU tn for Jul 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuels data is updated monthly, averaging 6,340.282 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 548 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,102.790 BTU tn in Jan 2004 and a record low of 4,788.247 BTU tn in Jun 1982. United States Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuels data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

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Energy Information Administration (2015). International Energy Statistics: Electricity Consumption | Indicator: Total Electricity Net Consumption (Billion Kilowatthours), 1980-2010. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. [Data-file]. Dataset-ID: 004-014-026. Dataset: Provides statistics on electricity consumption by country, as available. For all countries except the United States, total electric power consumption = total net electricity generation + electricity imports - electricity exports – electricity transmission and distribution losses. For the United States, data are drawn from the Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Review, Table 1, which provides a total of electricity retail sales to ultimate customers by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers; and direct use, ie, use of electricity that is self-generated, produced by either the same entity that consumes the power or an affiliate, and used in direct support of a service or industrial process located within the same facility or group of facilities that house the generating equipment. Data are reported as net consumption, which excludes the energy consumed by the generating units, as opposed to gross consumption. The dataset provides data for 220 countries, as available, on energy-related metrics, including total and crude oil production, oil consumption, natural gas production and consumption, coal production and consumption, electricity generation and consumption, primary energy, energy intensity, CO2 emissions and imports and exports for all fuels. Data are sourced from Energy Information Administration research, as well as from national and international agencies, listed at http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/docs/sources.cfm. Category: Energy Resources and Industries, International Relations and Trade Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/ Subject: Energy Consumption, Electricity

United States Energy Consumption: Commercial: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data was reported at 25.337 BTU tn in Jul 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 24.814 BTU tn for Jun 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Commercial: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data is updated monthly, averaging 9.299 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Jul 2018, with 547 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25.337 BTU tn in Jul 2018 and a record low of 0.515 BTU tn in Feb 1973. United States Energy Consumption: Commercial: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.