US Electricity Prices and Sales by State, Sector, and Year

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F8734253%2Fdba0dac3571f37e79f2891a6ffd80d5c%2Fus%20electric%20flag.png?generation=1712518711362350&alt=media" alt=""> This comprehensive dataset offers a detailed look at the United States electricity market, providing valuable insights into prices, sales, and revenue across various states, sectors, and years. With data spanning from 2001 onwards to 2024, this dataset is a powerful tool for analyzing the complex dynamics of the US electricity market and understanding how it has evolved over time.

The dataset includes eight key variables: | Column Name | Description | |-------|-------| | year | The year of the observation | | month | The month of the observation | | stateDescription | The name of the state | | sectorName | The sector of the electricity market (residential, commercial, industrial, other, or all sectors) | | customers | The number of customers (missing for some observations) | | price | The average price of electricity per kilowatt-hour (kWh) in cents | | revenue | The total revenue generated from electricity sales in millions of dollars | | sales | The total electricity sales in millions of kilowatt-hours (kWh) |

By providing such granular data, this dataset enables users to conduct in-depth analyses of electricity market trends, comparing prices and consumption patterns across different states and sectors, and examining the impact of seasonality on demand and prices.

One of the primary applications of this dataset is in forecasting future electricity prices and sales based on historical trends. By leveraging the extensive time series data available, researchers and analysts can develop sophisticated models to predict how prices and demand may change in the coming years, taking into account factors such as economic growth, population shifts, and policy changes. This predictive power is invaluable for policymakers, energy companies, and investors looking to make informed decisions in the rapidly evolving electricity market.

Another key use case for this dataset is in investigating the complex relationships between electricity prices, sales volumes, and revenue. By combining the price, sales, and revenue data, users can explore how changes in prices impact consumer behavior and utility company bottom lines. This analysis can shed light on important questions such as the price elasticity of electricity demand, the effectiveness of energy efficiency programs, and the potential impact of new technologies like renewable energy and energy storage on the market.

Beyond its immediate applications in the energy sector, this dataset also has broader implications for understanding the US economy and society as a whole. Electricity is a critical input for businesses and households across the country, and changes in electricity prices and consumption can have far-reaching effects on economic growth, competitiveness, and quality of life. By providing such a rich and detailed portrait of the US electricity market, this dataset opens up new avenues for research and insights that can inform public policy, business strategy, and academic inquiry.

I hope you all enjoy using this dataset and find it useful! 🤗

Germany Electricity decreased 17.60 EUR/MWh or 15.21% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

Dataset Description Title: Electricity Market Dataset for Long-Term Forecasting (2018–2024)

Overview: This dataset provides a comprehensive collection of electricity market data, focusing on long-term forecasting and strategic planning in the energy sector. The data is derived from real-world electricity market records and policy reports from Germany, specifically the Frankfurt region, a major European energy hub. It includes hourly observations spanning from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2024, covering key economic, environmental, and operational factors that influence electricity market dynamics. This dataset is ideal for predictive modeling tasks such as electricity price forecasting, renewable energy integration planning, and market risk assessment.

Features Description Feature Name Description Type Timestamp The timestamp for each hourly observation. Datetime Historical_Electricity_Prices Hourly historical electricity prices in the Frankfurt market. Continuous (Float) Projected_Electricity_Prices Forecasted electricity prices (short, medium, long term). Continuous (Float) Inflation_Rates Hourly inflation rate trends impacting energy markets. Continuous (Float) GDP_Growth_Rate Hourly GDP growth rate trends for Germany. Continuous (Float) Energy_Market_Demand Hourly electricity demand across all sectors. Continuous (Float) Renewable_Investment_Costs Investment costs (capital and operational) for renewable energy projects. Continuous (Float) Fossil_Fuel_Costs Costs for fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. Continuous (Float) Electricity_Export_Prices Prices for electricity exports from Germany to neighboring regions. Continuous (Float) Market_Elasticity Sensitivity of electricity demand to price changes. Continuous (Float) Energy_Production_By_Solar Hourly solar energy production. Continuous (Float) Energy_Production_By_Wind Hourly wind energy production. Continuous (Float) Energy_Production_By_Coal Hourly coal-based energy production. Continuous (Float) Energy_Storage_Capacity Available storage capacity (e.g., batteries, pumped hydro). Continuous (Float) GHG_Emissions Hourly greenhouse gas emissions from energy production. Continuous (Float) Renewable_Penetration_Rate Percentage of renewable energy in total energy production. Continuous (Float) Regulatory_Policies Categorical representation of regulatory impact on electricity markets (e.g., Low, Medium, High). Categorical Energy_Access_Data Categorization of energy accessibility (Urban or Rural). Categorical LCOE Levelized Cost of Energy by source. Continuous (Float) ROI Return on investment for energy projects. Continuous (Float) Net_Present_Value Net present value of proposed energy projects. Continuous (Float) Population_Growth Population growth rate trends impacting energy demand. Continuous (Float) Optimal_Energy_Mix Suggested optimal mix of renewable, non-renewable, and nuclear energy. Continuous (Float) Electricity_Price_Forecast Predicted electricity prices based on various factors. Continuous (Float) Project_Risk_Analysis Categorical analysis of project risks (Low, Medium, High). Categorical Investment_Feasibility Indicator of the feasibility of energy investments. Continuous (Float) Use Cases Electricity Price Forecasting: Utilize historical and projected price trends to predict future electricity prices. Project Risk Classification: Categorize projects into risk levels for better decision-making. Optimal Energy Mix Analysis: Analyze the balance between renewable, non-renewable, and nuclear energy sources. Policy Impact Assessment: Study the effect of regulatory and market policies on energy planning. Long-Term Strategic Planning: Provide insights into investment feasibility, GHG emission reduction, and energy market dynamics. Acknowledgment This dataset is based on publicly available records and market data specific to the Frankfurt region, Germany. The dataset is designed for research and educational purposes in energy informatics, computational intelligence, and long-term forecasting.

France Electricity decreased 21.25 EUR/MWh or 30.42% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for France Electricity Price.

Electricity prices in Europe are expected to remain volatile through 2025, with Italy projected to have some of the highest rates among major European economies. This trend reflects the ongoing challenges in the energy sector, including the transition to renewable sources and the impact of geopolitical events on supply chains. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, prices still have not returned to pre-pandemic levels, such as in countries like Italy, where prices are forecast to reach ****** euros per megawatt hour in September 2025. Natural gas futures shaping electricity costs The electricity market's future trajectory is closely tied to natural gas prices, a key component in power generation. Dutch TTF gas futures, a benchmark for European natural gas prices, are projected to be ***** euros per megawatt hour in July 2025. The reduced output from the Groningen gas field and increased reliance on imports further complicate the pricing landscape, potentially contributing to higher electricity costs in countries like Italy. Regional disparities and global market influences While European electricity prices remain high, significant regional differences persist. For instance, natural gas prices in the United States are expected to be roughly one-third of those in Europe by March 2025, at **** U.S. dollars per million British thermal units. This stark contrast highlights the impact of domestic production capabilities on global natural gas prices. Europe's greater reliance on imports, particularly in the aftermath of geopolitical tensions and the shift away from Russian gas, continues to keep prices elevated compared to more self-sufficient markets. As a result, countries like Italy may face sustained pressure on electricity prices due to their position within the broader European energy market. As of August 2025, electricity prices in Italy have decreased to ****** euros per megawatt hour, reflecting ongoing volatility in the market.

The average wholesale electricity price in September 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

This dataset presents a unified, cross-continental time-series day-ahead electricity prices compiled from major wholesale markets across Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania. The dataset offers a standardized format that supports time-series forecasting and enables robust comparative analysis across diverse global electricity markets.

Dataset comprising data from five day-ahead electricity markets:

Nord pool: The Nord pool day-ahead electricity market, one of the largest European power market. PJM: The zonal prices of the COMED area in the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) market. EPEX-FR: The French day-ahead electricity market. EPEX-BE: The Belgian day-ahead electricity market. EPEX-DE: The German day-ahead electricity market. Each market contains 6 years of data (we consider a year to be 364 days to have an integer number of weeks). The specific dates are:

Nord pool: 01.01.2013 – 24.12.2018 PJM: 01.01.2013 – 24.12.2018 EPEX-FR: 09.01.2011 – 31.12.2016 EPEX-BE: 09.01.2011 – 31.12.2016 EPEX-DE: 09.01.2012 – 31.12.2017 Each dataset comprises historical prices and two relevant exogenous inputs based on day-ahead forecasts of price drivers. The day--ahead forecast representing other exogenous inputs are market dependent:

Nord pool: System load + Wind power generation. PJM: System load + Zonal load in the COMED area. EPEX-FR: System load + Generation in France EPEX-BE: System load in France + Generation in France EPEX-DE: Zonal load in the TSO Amprion zone + Aggregated Wind and Solar power generation All datasets are given using the local timezone:

Nord pool: Central European Time (CET) PJM: Eastern Time (ET) EPEX-FR: Central European Time (CET) EPEX-BE: Central European Time (CET) EPEX-DE: Central European Time (CET) For all five datasets, the daylight saving times (DST) are pre-processed by interpolating the missing values in Spring and averaging the values corresponding to the duplicated time indices in Autumn.

DISCLAIMER

We do not own the data, but we simply have gathered it so other researchers can easily test their methods on multiple day-ahead markets. The data has been gathered using the respective websites of each day-ahead market where these data are freely available. The websites we used to gather the data are:

Nord Pool: Nord pool website PJM: PJM website EPEX-FR: ENTSO-E transparency platform + RTE website (French TSO) EPEX-BE: ENTSO-E transparency platform + RTE website (French TSO) + Elia website (Belgian TSO) EPEX-DE: ENTSO-E transparency platform + Amprion TSO website + TenneT website + 50Hertz website

Load, wind, solar power generation and electricity prices in 15 minutes resolution

This data package contains different kinds of timeseries data relevant for power system modelling, namely electricity prices, electricity consumption (load) as well as wind and solar power generation and capacities. The data is aggregated either by country, control area or bidding zone. Geographical coverage includes the EU and some neighboring countries. All variables are provided in hourly resolution. Where original data is available in higher resolution (half-hourly or quarter-hourly), it is provided in separate files. This package version only contains data provided by TSOs and power exchanges via ENTSO-E Transparency, covering the period 2015-mid 2020.

Field Name : Description

utc_timestamp : Start of timeperiod in Coordinated Universal Time

cet_cest_timestamp : Start of timeperiod in Central European (Summer-) Time

AT_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in Austria in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

AT_load_forecast_entsoe_transparency : Day-ahead load forecast in Austria in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

AT_solar_generation_actual : Actual solar generation in Austria in MW

AT_wind_onshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_onshore generation in Austria in MW

BE_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in Belgium in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

BE_load_forecast_entsoe_transparency : Day-ahead load forecast in Belgium in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in Germany in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_load_forecast_entsoe_transparency : Day-ahead load forecast in Germany in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_solar_capacity : Electrical capacity of solar in Germany in MW

DE_solar_generation_actual : Actual solar generation in Germany in MW

DE_solar_profile : Share of solar capacity producing in Germany

DE_wind_capacity : Electrical capacity of wind in Germany in MW

DE_wind_generation_actual : Actual wind generation in Germany in MW

DE_wind_profile : Share of wind capacity producing in Germany

DE_wind_offshore_capacity : Electrical capacity of wind_offshore in Germany in MW

DE_wind_offshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_offshore generation in Germany in MW

DE_wind_offshore_profile : Share of wind_offshore capacity producing in Germany

DE_wind_onshore_capacity : Electrical capacity of wind_onshore in Germany in MW

DE_wind_onshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_onshore generation in Germany in MW

DE_wind_onshore_profile : Share of wind_onshore capacity producing in Germany

DE_50hertz_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in 50Hertz (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_50hertz_load_forecast_entsoe_transparency : Day-ahead load forecast in 50Hertz (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_50hertz_solar_generation_actual : Actual solar generation in 50Hertz (control area) in MW

DE_50hertz_wind_generation_actual : Actual wind generation in 50Hertz (control area) in MW

DE_50hertz_wind_offshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_offshore generation in 50Hertz (control area) in MW

DE_50hertz_wind_onshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_onshore generation in 50Hertz (control area) in MW

DE_amprion_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in Amprion (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_amprion_load_forecast_entsoe_transparency : Day-ahead load forecast in Amprion (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_amprion_solar_generation_actual : Actual solar generation in Amprion (control area) in MW

DE_amprion_wind_onshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_onshore generation in Amprion (control area) in MW

DE_tennet_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in TenneT GER (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_tennet_load_forecast_entsoe_transparency : Day-ahead load forecast in TenneT GER (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

DE_tennet_solar_generation_actual : Actual solar generation in TenneT GER (control area) in MW

DE_tennet_wind_generation_actual : Actual wind generation in TenneT GER (control area) in MW

DE_tennet_wind_offshore_generation_actual : DE_tennet_wind_offshore_generation_actual

DE_tennet_wind_onshore_generation_actual : Actual wind_onshore generation in TenneT GER (control area) in MW

DE_transnetbw_load_actual_entsoe_transparency : Total load in TransnetBW (control area) in MW as published on ENTSO-E Transparency Platform

**DE_transnetbw_load_forecast_entsoe_...

Italy Electricity decreased 4.07 EUR/MWh or 2.96% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy Electricity Price.

The average wholesale electricity price in November 2025 in Spain is forecast to amount to **** euros per megawatt-hour, a decrease compared to the previous month. The electricity price was roughly half compared to the same month in the previous year. Renewable energy dominance Wind energy has emerged as the leading source of electricity generation in Spain, accounting for over ** percent of the total in 2024. This shift towards renewables is further evidenced by the country's installed power capacity, which exceeded *** gigawatts in 2024. Solar photovoltaic leads with **** gigawatts of installed capacity, followed by wind and combined cycle. The growth in renewable energy capacity has been a key factor in shaping Spain's electricity market and influencing price trends. Consumption patterns and price fluctuations Despite the increase in renewable energy capacity, electricity consumption in Spain decreased to ****** terawatt hours in 2024, up from the previous year. In the same year, the average price of electricity was **** euros per megawatt-hour, a notable decrease from the record high of ***** euros per megawatt-hour in 2022. These price movements reflect the complex interplay between supply, demand, and the ongoing transition to renewable energy sources in Spain's electricity market.

In the observed period, weighted average monthly electricity prices on the day-ahead market in Poland increased from ****** zloty/MWh in January 2018 to over ****** zloty/MWh (****** EUR/MWh) in July 2025. The record weighted average price occurred in August 2022, exceeding ***** zloty. Consumption of electricity in Poland Electricity is essential to modern life and vital to every country’s economy. Starting in 1990, the final annual electricity consumption reached a value of ***** terawatt-hours. It eventually grew to *** tWh in 2023, which happened to be a *** percent decrease compared to the previous year. Consumption of solar photovoltaic power has become popular recently, and the capacity of solar photovoltaic per inhabitant in Poland has also significantly increased, rising from just *** watts per inhabitant in 2013 to ***** W/inhab in 2023. In 2023, **** million customers in Poland used electricity with consumption lower than ** megawatt-hours. Electricity production from renewables Throughout the years, there have been different methods and sources of electricity production worldwide. Starting in 2012, the electricity production from solar photovoltaic power generated only *** gigawatt-hours. In 2023, Poland's electricity production volume from solar photovoltaic power reached a peak of over ** terawatt hours. Another source of electricity production was the wind. The production of electricity from wind steadily increased from **** gigawatt-hours in 2000 to ****** gigawatt-hours in 2023. Biogas and biomass also play a significant role in the production of electricity. In 2012, electricity production from biogas and biomass was the highest at around ****** gigawatt-hours. However, in 2022, the production decreased, reaching ***** GWh.

This dataset provides values for ELECTRICITY PRICE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The dataset contains the evolution of electricity prices in Spain for the period 2020-11-01 to 2022-10-31. The average energy prices (in MWh) as a function of the market, the produced energy (in MW), as well as the renewable energy produced (in MW) by type (wind, solar, hydroelectric, etc.) are provided with a granularity of hours for the period of time mentioned above.

The data has been obtained from the webpage: https://www.esios.ree.es/es/.

Disclaimer: Express consent was provided by Red Eléctrica de España (source and proprietary of the data) to gather the data using web scraping under the framework of a practicum from the Master in Data Science from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC). Under no circumstance do they support the reuse of the data. We express our intention to use the data for the purpose of the activity and decline any commercial interest in the use of the data extracted.

Wholesale electricity prices in the United Kingdom hit a record-high in 2022, reaching **** British pence per kilowatt-hour that year. Projections indicate that prices are bound to decrease steadily in the next few years, falling under **** pence per kilowatt-hour by 2030.

This dataset is JEPX (Japan Electric Power Exchange) spot price data for the period from 2005 to 2025. In the spot market (day ahead market), electricity to be delivered the next day is traded.

It may not be well known around the world, but in January 2021, spot prices soared, leaving a huge impact on the Japanese electric power industry. Many of the so-called new power companies have gone bankrupt within the past few years, because they are extremely dependent on electricity procurement from the spot market.

This dataset includes the following columns:

• date_time: Date & Time (30 minute granularity)
• Sell bid amount: [kWh]
• Buy bid amount: [kWh]
• Total contract amount: [kWh]
• System price: [Yen/kWh]
• Area price: Prices for each of the 9 areas (Hokkaido, Tohoku, Tokyo, Chubu, Hokuriku, Kansai, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushu) [Yen/kWh]
• Sell block bid total amount: [kWh]
• Total sell block execution amount: [kWh]
• Buy block bid total amount: [kWh]
• Total buy block total amount: [kWh]

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Electricity Average Spot Price: South Australia: Maximum data was reported at 349.090 AUD/MWh in 17 May 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 314.430 AUD/MWh for 16 May 2025. Electricity Average Spot Price: South Australia: Maximum data is updated daily, averaging 188.615 AUD/MWh from Jan 1999 (Median) to 17 May 2025, with 9634 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,500.000 AUD/MWh in 12 Feb 2025 and a record low of -26.870 AUD/MWh in 20 Nov 2022. Electricity Average Spot Price: South Australia: Maximum data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Australian Energy Market Operator. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.P003: Electricity Prices.

Sweden's electricity market has experienced significant fluctuations recently, with prices reaching a peak of ****** euros per megawatt-hour in December 2022. In October 2025, the average wholesale electricity price amounted to ***** euros per megawatt-hour, reflecting a substantial decrease from the historic high. Economic factors influencing electricity prices The fluctuations in electricity prices can be attributed to various economic factors affecting Sweden. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) in the country has shown a steady increase since 2015, rising from *** to 418.13 in August 2025. Consumer sentiment and household concerns The economic instability has had a significant impact on consumer confidence in Sweden. In November 2023, the consumer confidence index (CCI) reached *****, having fallen to a low of 93.92 in October. This decrease in consumer sentiment was reflected in household concerns, with nearly two out of three Swedes expressing worry about increasing household expenses.

Complete dataset of average residential and commercial electricity rates in cents per kWh for all 50 states and D.C. as of December 2025.

The following resources host grid service pricing (e.g. ancillary services) beyond wholesale electric pricing. The NREL Annual Technology Baseline (ATB) provides a consistent set of technology cost and performance data for energy analysis.