In December 2023, around 9.45 million phishing e-mails were detected worldwide, up from 5.59 million in September 2023. This figure has seen a continuous increase since January 2022. It is partially associated with the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022.

During the fourth quarter of 2024, nearly 23 percent of phishing attacks worldwide targeted social media. Web-based software services and webmail were targeted by over 23 percent of registered phishing attacks. Furthermore, financial institutions accounted for 12 percent of attacks.

1) Data Introduction • The Email Phishing Dataset is designed for phishing email detection using machine learning.

2) Data Utilization (1) Email Phishing Dataset has characteristics that: • All emails were refined and subjected to a custom NLP feature extraction pipeline focused on phishing metrics. • This dataset contains no raw text or headers, only features engineered for model training/testing. (2) Email Phishing Dataset can be used to: • Developing an email detection model: It can be used to train and evaluate AI models that classify normal mail and phishing mail using various characteristics such as email body, subject, and sender. • E-mail security policy and threat analysis research: Analyzing real phishing cases and normal email data to derive the characteristics of phishing attacks, and use them to establish effective email security policies and develop threat response strategies.

Introduction

Phishing Statistics: Phishing is a kind of cyberattack in which criminals try to fool people into sharing personal information such as passwords or credit card numbers, often by pretending to be a trusted company or person through fake emails, websites, or messages. Phishing has become more common as many people use the Internet for banking, shopping, and communication.

In 2024, phishing attacks are a major threat to both individuals and businesses. Criminals are using more advanced techniques, and these attacks are costing billions of dollars globally. People need to stay aware and cautious online to avoid falling victim to these scams.

Spam messages accounted for over **** percent of e-mail traffic in December 2023. Russia generated the largest share of unsolicited spam e-mails in 2022, with **** percent of global spam e-mails originating from the country. Spam worldwide It is almost impossible to think about e-mail without considering the issue of spam, which usually includes billions of promotional e-mails marketers send daily. As of January 2023, the United States had the highest number of spam e-mails sent daily. While many e-mail users believe such content belongs in their spam folder, marketing e-mails are generally harmless if annoying to the user. Malicious spam Phishing e-mails remain one of the primary attack vectors for cybercriminals. On average, around ** percent of businesses worldwide experience four to six successful cyber attacks in one year. Another ** percent said they became victims of more than ** bulk phishing attacks. More than half of the companies said these phishing attacks resulted in consumer or client data breaches.

Introduction

Spam Statistics: In today’s digitally connected world, we all face the problem of online spam that is included within emails, text messages, social media chats, phone calls, and in many other segments. Globally, almost everyone gets some kind of spam every single day. In technology and cybersecurity, spam means unwanted messages sent to many people at once, usually with useless or harmful content.

This article will help you understand what spam is, where it comes from, and how it affects us so we can keep our emails safe and clean. Go through the overall article that includes several current statistical analyses from different insights that will allow you to understand the topic better.

A survey conducted in April 2020 revealed that the largest share of employees worldwide that had clicked on phishing email links were aged between 31 and 40 years old. Although those over ** were the least likely to have clicked on a phishing email, these older employees were also twice as likely to be unaware of what a phishing email was.

A partial dataset and document-term matrix of phishing emails targeting an institution of higher education and an associated script used for data analysis.

data-phishing-detection

A dataset to test methods to detect phishing emails The file data.parquet contains the dataset, 400 emails. 200 are synthetic phishing attempts and 200 are synthetic regular emails.

  Schema

input - an email, synthesized by an LLM, that is either a phishing attempt or a regular email. output - 'Yes' if the email is a phishing attempt, 'No' otherwise.

  Prompt

The prompt.md file contains a prompt that can be used with an LLM as a starting… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/RevaHQ/data-phishing-detection.

In the 4th quarter of 2024, over 989 thousand unique phishing attacks were detected worldwide, representing a slight increase from the preceding quarter. By far, the number of unique phishing sites has seen the most significant jump between the second and the third quarters of 2020, from nearly 147 thousand to approximately 572 thousand. This figure is based on the number of the unique base URLs of the phishing sites.

The email-based phishing protection market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach a substantial size. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 20.3% from 2019-2033 indicates a significant upward trajectory driven by the increasing sophistication of phishing attacks and the rising adoption of cloud-based email services. Businesses of all sizes are facing escalating cybersecurity threats, making robust email security a critical investment. The market is further fueled by the growing awareness of data privacy regulations and the resulting need for compliance, pushing organizations to proactively implement advanced phishing protection measures. Key players like Cyren, BAE Systems, Microsoft, and others are investing heavily in research and development to enhance their offerings, creating a competitive landscape that fosters innovation and drives market expansion. The segment breakdown (while not provided) likely includes solutions categorized by deployment (cloud, on-premise), size of organization (SMB, enterprise), and specific features (anti-spoofing, machine learning-based detection). The forecast period (2025-2033) will see continued expansion, primarily driven by the increasing adoption of advanced threat detection techniques, including AI and machine learning. However, market restraints might include the rising costs associated with implementing and maintaining these solutions, especially for smaller organizations. Despite this, the overall market outlook remains positive due to the ever-increasing threat landscape and the escalating consequences of successful phishing attacks, leading to substantial financial and reputational damage. The geographical distribution is expected to show strong growth in regions with rapidly developing digital economies and increasing internet penetration. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for businesses seeking to capitalize on the opportunities presented within this growing market.

In 2000, Enron was one of the largest companies in the United States. By 2002, it had collapsed into bankruptcy due to widespread corporate fraud. The data has been made public and presents a diverse set of email information ranging from internal, marketing emails to spam and fraud attempts.

In the early 2000s, Leslie Kaelbling at MIT purchased the dataset and noted that, though the dataset contained scam emails, it also had several integrity problems. The dataset was updated later, but it becomes key to ensure privacy in the data while it is used to train a deep neural network model.

Though the Enron Email Dataset contains over 500K emails, one of the problems with the dataset is the availability of labeled frauds in the dataset. Label annotation is done to detect an umbrella of fraud emails accurately. Since, fraud emails fall into several types such as Phishing, Financial, Romance, Subscription, and Nigerian Prince scams, there have to be multiple heuristics used to label all types of fraudulent emails effectively.

To tackle this problem, heuristics have been used to label the Enron data corpus using email signals, and automated labeling has been performed using simple ML models on other smaller email datasets available online. These fraud annotation techniques are discussed in detail below.

To perform fraud annotation on the Enron dataset as well as provide more fraud examples for modeling, two more fraud data sources have been used, Phishing Email Dataset: https://www.kaggle.com/dsv/6090437 Social Engineering Dataset: http://aclweb.org/aclwiki

Label Annotation

To label the Enron email dataset two signals are used to filter suspicious emails and label them into fraud and non-fraud classes. Automated ML labeling Email Signals

Automated ML Labeling

The following heuristics are used to annotate labels for Enron email data using the other two data sources,

Phishing Model Annotation: A high-precision SVM model trained on the Phishing mails dataset, which is used to annotate the Phishing Label on the Enron Dataset.

Social Engineering Model Annotation: A high-precision SVM model trained on the Social Engineering mails dataset, which is used to annotate the Social Engineering Label on the Enron Dataset.

The two ML Annotator models use Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) to embed the input text and make use of SVM models with Gaussian Kernel.

If either of the models predicted that an email was a fraud, the mail metadata was checked for several email signals. If these heuristics meet the requirements of a high-probability fraud email, we label it as a fraud email.

Email Signals

Email Signal-based heuristics are used to filter and target suspicious emails for fraud labeling specifically. The signals used were,

Person Of Interest: There is a publicly available list of email addresses of employees who were liable for the massive data leak at Enron. These user mailboxes have a higher chance of containing quality fraud emails.

Suspicious Folders: The Enron data is dumped into several folders for every employee. Folders consist of inbox, deleted_items, junk, calendar, etc. A set of folders with a higher chance of containing fraud emails, such as Deleted Items and Junk.

Sender Type: The sender type was categorized as ‘Internal’ and ‘External’ based on their email address.

Low Communication: A threshold of 4 emails based on the table below was used to define Low Communication. A user qualifies as a Low-Comm sender if their emails are below this threshold. Mails sent from low-comm senders have been assigned with a high probability of being a fraud.

Contains Replies and Forwards: If an email contains forwards or replies, a low probability was assigned for it to be a fraud email.

Manual Inspection

To ensure high-quality labels, the mismatch examples from ML Annotation have been manually inspected for Enron dataset relabeling.

Dataset Breakdown

Citations

Enron Dataset Title: Enron Email Dataset URL: https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~enron/ Publisher: MIT, CMU Author: Leslie Kaelbling, William W. Cohen Year: 2015

Phishing Email Detection Dataset Title: Phishing Email Detection URL: https://www.kaggle.com/dsv/6090437 DOI: 10.34740/KAGGLE/DSV/6090437 Publisher: Kaggle Author: Subhadeep Chakraborty Year: 2023

CLAIR Fraud Email Collection Title: CLAIR collection of fraud email URL: http://aclweb.org/aclwiki Author: Radev, D. Year: 2008

The phishing protection market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the escalating sophistication and frequency of phishing attacks targeting individuals and organizations across diverse sectors. The increasing reliance on digital platforms for banking, e-commerce, and communication has created a fertile ground for cybercriminals, necessitating robust security measures. The market's expansion is fueled by several key factors, including the rising adoption of cloud-based security solutions, the proliferation of mobile devices, and the increasing awareness of phishing threats among both individuals and businesses. Furthermore, stringent government regulations concerning data privacy and security are compelling organizations to invest heavily in advanced phishing protection technologies. While the BFSI (Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance) sector remains a significant adopter, growth is also observed across other sectors like healthcare, government, and telecommunications, due to their sensitive data assets and heightened regulatory scrutiny. The market is segmented by application (BFSI, Government, Healthcare, Telecommunications and IT, Transportation, Education, Retail) and type of phishing (email-based, non-email-based), each presenting unique opportunities for specialized solutions. Companies like Cyren, BAE Systems, Microsoft, FireEye, Symantec, Proofpoint, GreatHorn, Cisco, Phishlabs, Intel, and Mimecast are key players, constantly innovating to counter evolving phishing tactics. The market's growth trajectory is projected to remain positive over the forecast period (2025-2033), although challenges remain. These include the ever-evolving nature of phishing techniques, the difficulty in detecting sophisticated attacks, and the ongoing skills gap in cybersecurity expertise. Despite these obstacles, the market’s future looks promising, spurred by continuous advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies which enhance threat detection and response capabilities. The increasing adoption of multi-layered security solutions, incorporating phishing protection alongside other security measures, further contributes to the overall market growth. The geographical distribution of the market indicates strong growth in North America and Europe, while the Asia-Pacific region is poised for significant expansion in the coming years, driven by increasing internet penetration and digitalization.

Market Overview and Growth Dynamics: The global email-based phishing protection market is experiencing robust growth, with a projected market size of $1844.9 million by 2033. Driven by increasing cyber threats and the prevalence of targeted phishing attacks, the market is poised to maintain a high CAGR of 20.3% during the forecast period (2025-2033). This growth is fueled by the adoption of advanced security technologies, such as AI-powered threat detection and response systems, as organizations seek to protect their sensitive data and assets from phishing attacks. Market Segmentation, Trends, and Key Players: The market is segmented based on application (SMEs, large enterprises) and deployment type (cloud, on-premises). Cloud-based solutions are gaining popularity due to their scalability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of deployment. Key market trends include the rise of phishing-as-a-service (PhaaS), increased integration with other cybersecurity solutions, and the adoption of encryption and multi-factor authentication techniques. Prominent players in the market include Cyren, BAE Systems, Microsoft Corporation, FireEye Inc., and Symantec Corporation. These companies offer a range of email phishing protection solutions tailored to meet the specific needs of businesses of all sizes.

Dataset Card for "phishing-emails"

More Information needed

The anti-phishing tools market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the escalating sophistication and frequency of phishing attacks targeting individuals and organizations. The market, estimated at $5 billion in 2025, is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $15 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Increased adoption of cloud-based services and remote work models has broadened the attack surface, making organizations more vulnerable. Simultaneously, phishing techniques are becoming increasingly sophisticated, employing AI and social engineering to bypass traditional security measures. Regulations like GDPR and CCPA are also driving demand for robust anti-phishing solutions to ensure data privacy and compliance. The market is segmented by deployment type (cloud, on-premises), organization size (SMB, enterprise), and type of solution (email security, web security, user training). Major players like Barracuda, Mimecast, and Check Point (Avanan) dominate the market, but a competitive landscape exists with numerous smaller vendors offering specialized solutions. Challenges include the constant evolution of phishing tactics, requiring continuous updates and improvements to anti-phishing technologies, along with the need for user education to prevent human error. The market's future trajectory will depend significantly on the development and implementation of advanced AI-powered solutions that can proactively identify and neutralize sophisticated phishing attempts. The increasing adoption of multi-layered security approaches, combining email security, web security, and user training, will be a key trend. While the cost of these solutions can be a barrier for some smaller organizations, the potential financial and reputational damage from successful phishing attacks far outweighs the investment in robust protection. Therefore, the market is poised for sustained growth, driven by the ongoing need to safeguard against ever-evolving phishing threats. Further geographic expansion, particularly in emerging markets with increasing internet penetration, will also contribute to market growth.

Spear Phishing Email Solution Market Outlook

The global spear phishing email solution market size was valued at USD 1.2 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 4.5 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.5% during the forecast period. This impressive growth can be attributed to the rising number of phishing attacks targeting enterprises and the increasing need for robust email security solutions. With the proliferation of digital communication in business operations, the risk of falling prey to sophisticated spear phishing attacks has significantly heightened, driving the demand for specialized email security solutions.

One of the primary growth factors in the spear phishing email solution market is the increasing sophistication of phishing attacks. Cybercriminals are employing more advanced tactics and technologies to execute highly targeted attacks that are difficult to detect with traditional security measures. This has led to a growing awareness among organizations about the necessity of implementing advanced spear phishing solutions to safeguard sensitive information and maintain business continuity. Additionally, regulatory requirements and compliance mandates across various industries are compelling organizations to adopt comprehensive email security measures, further propelling market growth.

Another significant driver for the market is the rising adoption of cloud-based email solutions. As businesses continue to migrate their operations to the cloud, the need for cloud-native security solutions that can effectively protect against phishing threats has surged. Cloud-based spear phishing email solutions offer several benefits, including scalability, flexibility, and reduced costs, making them an attractive option for organizations of all sizes. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies into these solutions enhances their ability to detect and mitigate phishing attempts in real-time, thereby boosting their adoption across various sectors.

The increasing frequency of high-profile data breaches and cyber-attacks has also underscored the importance of robust email security. Organizations are becoming more proactive in their approach to cybersecurity, investing in advanced solutions to prevent potential financial losses and reputational damage. The financial services, healthcare, and government sectors, in particular, have emerged as significant contributors to the market's growth due to the critical nature of the data they handle. These sectors are increasingly deploying spear phishing email solutions to protect their sensitive information from malicious actors.

Regionally, North America is expected to dominate the spear phishing email solution market during the forecast period, owing to the early adoption of advanced cybersecurity solutions and the presence of key market players in the region. Europe and the Asia Pacific are also anticipated to witness substantial growth, driven by increasing digitalization, the rising number of cyber threats, and stringent regulatory requirements. The increasing awareness and adoption of spear phishing solutions in Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also expected to contribute to the overall market growth.

Component Analysis

The spear phishing email solution market can be segmented by component into software and services. The software segment includes solutions designed to detect, prevent, and respond to spear phishing attacks. These software solutions leverage advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and behavioral analysis to identify and mitigate phishing threats. The growing sophistication of phishing attacks has necessitated the adoption of advanced email security software, making this segment a significant contributor to the market's growth.

The services segment, on the other hand, encompasses various professional and managed services aimed at enhancing an organization's email security posture. Professional services include consulting, training, and implementation services provided by cybersecurity experts to help organizations effectively deploy and manage spear phishing email solutions. Managed services involve outsourcing the management and monitoring of email security to third-party service providers, allowing organizations to focus on their core business operations while ensuring robust protection against phishing threats.

Within the software segment, the integration of AI and ML technologies has significantly

The spear phishing market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks and the expanding digital landscape. While precise market sizing data is unavailable, considering the substantial investments in cybersecurity and the consistent rise in reported phishing incidents, a reasonable estimate for the 2025 market size would be in the range of $5-7 billion. This figure reflects the rising costs associated with data breaches, regulatory fines, and the increasing demand for advanced threat detection and response solutions. A Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12-15% over the forecast period (2025-2033) is plausible, considering ongoing technological advancements in spear phishing techniques and the corresponding need for robust countermeasures. Key drivers include the growth of remote work, increasing reliance on cloud services, and the evolving tactics employed by cybercriminals to target specific individuals and organizations. Trends point towards a greater focus on artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in threat detection, as well as a shift towards proactive security measures and employee training programs to mitigate the impact of spear phishing attacks. However, restraints include the ever-evolving nature of spear phishing techniques, the persistent skills gap in cybersecurity professionals, and the potential for false positives in automated detection systems. Segmentation within the market is likely to exist based on solution type (e.g., email security, security awareness training), deployment model (cloud, on-premises), and target industry (financial services, healthcare, government). Companies like BAE Systems, Check Point Software Technologies, Cisco Systems, and Proofpoint are key players actively innovating and competing within this dynamic market. The significant market expansion is further fueled by the high financial stakes involved in successful spear phishing campaigns. The impact of successful attacks, including data breaches, financial losses, and reputational damage, encourages organizations to invest heavily in comprehensive security solutions. The proliferation of sophisticated spear phishing techniques, such as personalized phishing emails and the use of social engineering, necessitates advanced detection and prevention technologies. The market's competitive landscape is characterized by both established cybersecurity vendors and emerging players who are constantly developing new solutions to combat the threat of spear phishing. The competitive dynamics will likely lead to further innovation and drive market growth in the coming years, enhancing the overall sophistication of spear phishing detection and prevention solutions.

The phishing protection market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the escalating sophistication of phishing attacks and the increasing reliance on digital platforms across various sectors. While precise market size figures for 2025 are unavailable, a logical estimation based on industry reports and observed CAGR trends in cybersecurity suggests a market value exceeding $10 billion in 2025. Considering a conservative Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033, the market is projected to reach approximately $35 billion by 2033. This significant expansion is fueled by several key factors, including the rising adoption of cloud-based services, the proliferation of mobile devices, and the increasing frequency of advanced persistent threats (APTs). Organizations across diverse industries are prioritizing robust phishing protection solutions to safeguard their sensitive data and maintain operational continuity. The market's expansion is also being shaped by evolving trends such as artificial intelligence (AI)-powered threat detection, integration with security information and event management (SIEM) systems, and the growing demand for user-focused security awareness training programs. However, certain restraints limit the market's growth potential. These include the high cost of advanced phishing protection solutions, the need for skilled professionals to manage and maintain these systems, and the ongoing challenge of keeping pace with the constantly evolving tactics of cybercriminals. Despite these hurdles, the persistent threat landscape ensures a continued, albeit potentially moderated, growth trajectory for the phishing protection market throughout the forecast period. Major players like Cyren, BAE Systems, Microsoft, FireEye, Symantec, Proofpoint, GreatHorn, Cisco, PhishLabs, Intel, and Mimecast are actively competing to innovate and capture significant market share. The geographic distribution of the market reveals strong growth across North America and Europe, with emerging markets showing significant potential for future expansion.

The cloud-based email security market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing adoption of cloud-based applications, the rising threat landscape of sophisticated phishing attacks and malware, and the need for enhanced data protection and compliance. The market, valued at $2.606 billion in 2025, demonstrates a significant expansion potential. While a precise CAGR isn't provided, considering the market dynamics and the prevalence of cloud adoption across various industries, a conservative estimate of 15% CAGR from 2025 to 2033 is reasonable. This suggests substantial market growth, potentially exceeding $8 billion by 2033. Key drivers include the need for improved security posture across distributed workforces, heightened regulatory compliance pressures (like GDPR and CCPA), and the increasing sophistication of cyber threats. Trends include the integration of AI and machine learning for advanced threat detection, the rise of secure email gateways with enhanced filtering capabilities, and a growing demand for solutions offering comprehensive data loss prevention (DLP) features. Despite this positive outlook, restraining factors include the complexities of integrating cloud-based email security with existing on-premises infrastructure and concerns regarding data privacy and security within the cloud environment. The market is segmented by deployment type (public, private, hybrid cloud), organization size (small, medium, large enterprises), and security features (anti-spam, anti-malware, data loss prevention). Major players like Cisco, Proofpoint, Trend Micro, Fortinet, Forcepoint, Symantec, Mimecast, Sophos, Dell, and FireEye are actively competing in this space, continuously innovating and expanding their offerings to meet evolving security needs. The market's competitive landscape is further shaped by the continuous development of new technologies and strategies to combat increasingly sophisticated cyberattacks.