Petroleum is the primary source of energy in the United States, with a consumption of 35.35 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024. Closely following, the U.S. had 34.2 quadrillion British thermal units of energy derived from natural gas. Energy consumption by sector in the United States Petroleum is predominantly utilized as a fuel in the transportation sector, which is also the second-largest consumer of energy in the U.S. with almost 30 percent of the country’s total energy consumption in 2024. This figure is topped only by the energy-guzzling industrial sector, a major consumer of fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas. Renewable energy in the United States Despite the prevalence of fossil fuels in the U.S. energy mix, the use of renewable energy consumption has grown immensely in the last decades to approximately 11 exajoules in 2023. Most of the renewable energy produced in the U.S. is derived from biomass, hydro and wind sources. In 2024, renewable electricity accounted for approximately 24 percent of the nation’s total electricity generation.

United States Electricity Consumption data was reported at 10.243 kWh/Day bn in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.765 kWh/Day bn for Feb 2025. United States Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 9.940 kWh/Day bn from Jan 1991 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 411 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.179 kWh/Day bn in Jul 2024 and a record low of 7.190 kWh/Day bn in Apr 1991. United States Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB004: Electricity Supply and Consumption. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Alaska's staggering energy consumption of 987.4 million British thermal units per capita in 2022 highlights the vast disparities in energy use across the United States. This figure, more than triple the national average of 284.4 million British thermal units, underscores the unique energy demand of America's largest state. Louisiana and North Dakota followed closely behind, with consumption rates of 925.4 and 861 million British thermal units per capita, respectively. Factors influencing regional U.S. energy consumption The extreme per person energy consumption in Alaska can be attributed to its cold climate and energy-intensive industries. By comparison, New York, California, and Florida were among the states with the lowest per person energy consumption in the country because of the high energy efficiency, mild temperatures, and economies based on services and low-energy intensive industries. The overall energy consumption in the U.S. states was highest in the most populated areas –Texas, California, and Florida- and lower in sparsely populated ones, such as Alaska and Wyoming. Future energy trends in the U.S. While individual states show significant variations, the U.S. country consumed approximately 93.58 quadrillion British thermal units of primary energy in 2023, a slight decrease from the previous year. Oil remained the dominant energy source, followed by natural gas and renewable energies. The country's energy market has been evolving, with increased investments in renewable energy, reflecting a growing shift towards more sustainable energy sources.

State-level data on all energy sources. Data on production, consumption, reserves, stocks, prices, imports, and exports. Data are collated from state-specific data reported elsewhere on the EIA website and are the most recent values available. Data on U.S. territories also available.

Texas is the leading electricity-consuming state in the United States. In 2022, the state consumed roughly 475 terawatt-hours of electricity. California and Florida followed in second and third, each consuming approximately 250 terawatt-hours.

United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data was reported at 82.776 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 82.935 % for 2014. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 87.236 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95.982 % in 1967 and a record low of 82.776 % in 2015. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.; ; IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/; Weighted average; Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

United States Total Energy Consumption data was reported at 93.691 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 94.812 BTU qn for 2022. United States Total Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 92.977 BTU qn from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2023, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 98.965 BTU qn in 2007 and a record low of 70.489 BTU qn in 1983. United States Total Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in United States was reported at 10.9 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. United States - Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Industrial activities are the greatest energy end-user sector in the United States, reaching a consumption of some 31 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024, followed by the transportation sector. The U.S. is the second-largest energy consumer in the world, after China. Energy source in the United States Consumption of fossil fuels still accounts for the majority of U.S. primary energy consumption. The transportation and industrial sectors are the sectors with the largest fossil fuel consumption in the country, the former relying on oil-based motor fuels. Electricity generation in the United States Although around 60 percent of the electricity generated in the U.S. is derived from natural gas and coal, the use of renewable sources is becoming more common in electricity production, with the largest increase in wind and solar power. These two clean energy resources are projected to generate as much power as natural gas by 2030.

United States Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuels data was reported at 7,001.586 BTU tn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,913.155 BTU tn for Jul 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuels data is updated monthly, averaging 6,340.282 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 548 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,102.790 BTU tn in Jan 2004 and a record low of 4,788.247 BTU tn in Jun 1982. United States Energy Consumption: Fossil Fuels data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data was reported at 10.520 kWh/Day bn in Dec 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.870 kWh/Day bn for Nov 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data is updated monthly, averaging 10.519 kWh/Day bn from Mar 2016 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.364 kWh/Day bn in Aug 2018 and a record low of 9.369 kWh/Day bn in Apr 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB069: Electricity Supply and Consumption: Forecast: Energy Information Administration.

In 2022, consumption of primary energy per capita in the United Stated amounted to 284 million British thermal units. Per capita consumption of energy has increased since the 1950s in the United States. However, in the advent of vehicle and electricity efficiency standards, per capita consumption has decreased in recent years.

United States Primary Energy Consumption per Capita data was reported at 77,027.836 kWh/Person in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 78,347.914 kWh/Person for 2022. United States Primary Energy Consumption per Capita data is updated yearly, averaging 89,404.797 kWh/Person from Dec 1965 (Median) to 2023, with 59 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 98,110.680 kWh/Person in 1973 and a record low of 73,294.336 kWh/Person in 2020. United States Primary Energy Consumption per Capita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Our World in Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.OWID.ESG: Environmental: CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Annual.

United States Energy Consumption: Residential: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data was reported at 55.393 BTU tn in Apr 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 54.115 BTU tn for Mar 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Residential: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data is updated monthly, averaging 48.502 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Apr 2018, with 544 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.781 BTU tn in Dec 1985 and a record low of 27.164 BTU tn in Feb 1973. United States Energy Consumption: Residential: Primary: Renewable Energy (RE) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

United States Energy Consumption: EP: Primary: Nuclear Electric data was reported at 617.991 BTU tn in Apr 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 701.095 BTU tn for Mar 2018. United States Energy Consumption: EP: Primary: Nuclear Electric data is updated monthly, averaging 578.059 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Apr 2018, with 544 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 780.754 BTU tn in Jan 2018 and a record low of 62.111 BTU tn in May 1973. United States Energy Consumption: EP: Primary: Nuclear Electric data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 8.717 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.754 % for 2014. United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 5.454 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.754 % in 2014 and a record low of 4.089 % in 1994. United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted Average;

Abstract

The U.S. Residential Energy Consumption Survey, administered by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), uses a nationally representative sample to collect information about home characteristics, household energy usage, and energy cost. The microdata at the household level from 2020, 2015, 2009, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1993,1990, and 1987, made available by the EIA for public use, were curated by Carnegie Mellon University Libraries to make it more accessible for data analysis.

Methodology

Survey background and technical information

Usage

• Microdata are organized by year and can be found in "Tables;"
• Years include 2020, 2015, 2009, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1993, 1990, and 1987;
• In "Files," there are 9 folders (named by year), each of which contains the codebook(s) for a given year; for a given year, the codebook is provided in one file for all variables, if the EIA made this available; for some years, the EIA uses multiple files to organize its codebook (e.g., 1997);
• For 2020, 2015, and 2009, there is a PDF file (e.g., microdata_guide_xxxx) that describes how to use the provided sample weights to calculate standard errors; for other years, similar instructions can be found via the URL of the microdata description page on the EIA's website, provided in the description field of the microdata table for a given year (e.g., 1993).

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United States Energy Consumption: Commercial: Primary: Fossil Fuels (FF) data was reported at 202.620 BTU tn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 198.159 BTU tn for Jul 2018. United States Energy Consumption: Commercial: Primary: Fossil Fuels (FF) data is updated monthly, averaging 280.585 BTU tn from Jan 1973 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 548 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 695.487 BTU tn in Jan 1977 and a record low of 165.304 BTU tn in Jul 1982. United States Energy Consumption: Commercial: Primary: Fossil Fuels (FF) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RB002: Energy Consumption.

This dataset is the 2009 United States Energy Consumption by Sector and Source, part of the Annual Energy Outlook that highlights changes in the AEO Reference case projections for key energy topics. The Annual Energy Outlook presents a projection and analysis of US energy supply, demand, and prices through 2035. The projections are based on results from the Energy Information Administration's National Energy Modeling System.

Fossil fuel consumption in the United States amounted to 77.41 quadrillion British thermal units in 2024, a slight increase in comparison to the previous year. Renewables consumption has progressively increased within the period of consideration, reaching 8.6 quadrillion British thermal units that in 2024.