China is the largest consumer of primary energy in the world, having used some 176.35 exajoules in 2024. This is a lot more than what the United States consumed, which comes in second place. The majority of primary energy fuels worldwide are still derived from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal. China's energy mix China’s primary energy mix has shifted from a dominant use of coal to an increase in natural gas and renewable sources. Since 2013, the renewables share in total energy consumption has grown by around eight percentage points. Overall, global primary energy consumption has increased over the last decade, and it is expected to experience the largest growth in emerging economies like the BRIC countries - Brazil, Russia, India, and China. What is primary energy? Primary energy is the energy inherent in natural resources such as crude oil, coal, and wind before further transformation. For example, crude oil can be refined into secondary fuels, such as gasoline or diesel, while wind is harnessed for electricity - itself a secondary energy source. A country’s total primary energy supply is a measure of the country’s primary energy sources. Meanwhile, end use energy is the energy directly consumed by the user and includes primary fuels such as natural gas, as well as secondary sources, like electricity and gasoline.

Iceland is by far the largest per capita consumer of electricity worldwide, averaging 51.9 megawatt-hours per person in 2024. This results from a combination of factors, such as low-cost electricity production, increased heating demand, and the presence of energy-intensive industries in the country. Norway, Qatar, and Canada were also some of the world's largest electricity consumers per capita that year. China is the leading overall power consumer Power-intensive industries, the purchasing power of the average citizen, household size, and general power efficiency standards all contribute to the amount of electricity that is consumed per person every year. However, in terms of total electricity consumption, a country's size and population can also play an important role. In 2024, the three most populous countries in the world, namely China, the United States, and India, were also the three largest electricity consumers. Global electricity consumption on the rise In 2023, net electricity consumption worldwide amounted to over 27,000 terawatt-hours, an increase of 30 percent in comparison to a decade earlier. When compared to 1980, global electricity consumption more than tripled. On the generation side, the world is still strongly dependent on fossil fuels. Despite the world's renewable energy capacity quintupling in the last decade, coal and gas combined still accounted for almost 60 percent of global electricity generation in 2023.

The average for 2015 based on 34 countries was 4181.46 kilograms of oil equivalent. The highest value was in Iceland: 17478.89 kilograms of oil equivalent and the lowest value was in Mexico: 1559.12 kilograms of oil equivalent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2015. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2022 based on 190 countries was 139.5 billion kilowatthours. The highest value was in China: 8349.31 billion kilowatthours and the lowest value was in Montserrat: 0.02 billion kilowatthours. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Oil is the most consumed primary energy fuel in the world. In 2024, some ****** exajoules worth of oil were consumed. That year, the consumption of fossil fuels registered an increase compared to the previous year. Rising demand for fossil fuels Demand for fossil fuels has remained high, as overall primary energy demand continues to increase. Excluding the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, the use of oil has consistently grown each year. Consumption of other non-renewable fuel types has been more varied. Global natural gas consumption has risen more or less consistently. Its properties as a less carbon-intensive fossil fuel than coal have led to an increase in its use in the power sector, overtaking coal use in major economies such as the United States. Fossil fuels by region The U.S. is the leading natural gas consuming country in the world, as well as the largest producer of this fossil fuel and of crude oil. Russia, China, and the Middle Eastern region follow, as they have either the richest reserves of these raw materials or account for the largest refining capacity.

Germany is the largest electricity consumer in the European Union (EU), with demand exceeding *** terawatt-hours in 2024. France followed closely in second, with a demand of *** terawatt-hours. In contrast, the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Malta had the lowest power demands in the EU that year.

India Primary Energy Consumption per Capita data was reported at 7,129.110 kWh/Person in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,809.693 kWh/Person for 2021. India Primary Energy Consumption per Capita data is updated yearly, averaging 2,870.515 kWh/Person from Dec 1965 (Median) to 2022, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,129.110 kWh/Person in 2022 and a record low of 1,238.620 kWh/Person in 1965. India Primary Energy Consumption per Capita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Our World in Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.OWID.ESG: Environmental: CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Annual.

This horizontal bar chart displays fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total) by country full name using the aggregation average in Europe. The data is about countries.

The average for 2015 based on 34 countries was 82.8 kilograms of oil equivalent. The highest value was in Iceland: 290.06 kilograms of oil equivalent and the lowest value was in Ireland: 36 kilograms of oil equivalent. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2015. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Primary energy supply in the OECD countries increase in 2024, when compared to the prior year. Primary energy supply originated mostly from fossil fuels, which accounted for over ***percent of the energy consumption in 2024. At that time, hydroelectricity and renewable energies combined amounted around ** exajoules.

This horizontal bar chart displays renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) by countries using the aggregation average. The data is about countries.

United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data was reported at 82.776 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 82.935 % for 2014. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 87.236 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95.982 % in 1967 and a record low of 82.776 % in 2015. United States US: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.; ; IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/; Weighted average; Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

The dataset reports annual estimates for primary energy per capita and GDP per capita for 185 countries for 1950 through 2014. The data allows investigating long-term joint evolution of economic activity and energy demand, which is important for both understanding the past energy needs of economic development, and forming useful baselines for scenario development, especially for integrated assessment modeling around climate change mitigation. Other commonly used datasets only go back to 1971 (International Energy Agency) for worldwide coverage and so extending the data back to 1950 allows analyzing a longer time period than before. The dataset also includes more individual country time series than IEA data thanks to data from the UN.

Sweden SE: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data was reported at 26.842 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 29.732 % for 2014. Sweden SE: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 40.025 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 81.830 % in 1970 and a record low of 26.842 % in 2015. Sweden SE: Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Sweden – Table SE.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.; ; IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/; Weighted average; Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

This horizontal bar chart displays renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) by continent using the aggregation average in Maldives. The data is filtered where the date is 2021. The data is about countries per year.

This scatter chart displays individuals using the Internet (% of population) against renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption). The data is about countries.

Spain Final Energy Consumption: Annual: Electricity data was reported at 20,115.000 TOE th in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 19,955.000 TOE th for 2015. Spain Final Energy Consumption: Annual: Electricity data is updated yearly, averaging 17,546.500 TOE th from Dec 1987 (Median) to 2016, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22,056.076 TOE th in 2006 and a record low of 9,427.000 TOE th in 1987. Spain Final Energy Consumption: Annual: Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.RB002: Energy Consumption.

There are three countries and territories in the world with a fossil fuel consumption share of over ** percent of the total primary energy consumption. In Trinidad and Tobago, Algeria, and Hong Kong, fossil fuels account for nearly all primary energy consumed. By comparison, Sweden has the lowest consumption share at some ** percent.

Per capita energy consumption averaged ****** kilowatt-hours worldwide in 2023. This was up from a pandemic induced slump in 2020. Qatar has the highest per capita energy consumption of any country worldwide.

This horizontal bar chart displays renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) by ISO 3 country code using the aggregation average. The data is about countries.