In 2022, Denmark recorded the highest residential electricity price for users with an annual consumption of 1,000 to 2,500 kilowatt-hours within Europe, at 54.47 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. This was followed by Belgium, at 41.1 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. That same year, Denmark also had the highest electricity price for households with an annual consumption between 2,500 and 5,000 kilowatt-hours, at 52.15 euro cents per kilowatt-hour.

Wholesale electricity prices in the European Union (EU) increased in 2024 after recovering from the global energy crisis in 2023. This was the result of a myriad of factors, including increased demand in the “post-pandemic” economic recovery, a rise in natural gas and coal prices, and a decline in renewable power generation due to low wind speeds and drought. Nuclear power's critical role In 2023, nuclear and wind were among the leading sources of electricity generation in the EU, accounting for more than one-third of the output. Nuclear energy continues to play a crucial role in the European Union's electricity mix, generating approximately 619 terawatt-hours in 2023, which accounted for about 20 percent of the region's power production. However, the future of nuclear power in Europe is uncertain, with some countries like Germany phasing out their nuclear plants while others maintain their reliance on this energy source. The varied approaches to nuclear power across EU member states contribute to the differences in electricity prices and supply stability throughout the region.

Renewable energy's growing impact As Europe strives to decarbonize its energy sector, renewable sources are gaining prominence. Wind power in Europe, in particular, has seen significant growth, with installed capacity in Europe reaching 257.1 gigawatt hours in 2023. This expansion of renewable energy infrastructure is gradually reshaping the electricity market, potentially leading to more stable prices in the long term. However, the intermittent nature of some renewable sources, such as wind and solar, can still contribute to price fluctuations, especially during periods of low output.

Energy Prices In the Euro Area decreased to 150.70 points in February from 151.16 points in January of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Euro Area Energy Prices.

The average monthly price for natural gas in the United States amounted to 3.02 nominal U.S. dollars per million British thermal units (Btu) in December 2024. By contrast, natural gas prices in Europe were about four times higher than those in the U.S. Prices for Europe tend to be notably higher than those in the U.S. as the latter benefits from being a major hydrocarbon producer. Europe's import reliance European prices for natural gas rose most notable throughout the second half of 2021 and much of 2022, peaking at over 70 U.S. dollars per million Btu in August 2022. The sharp rise was due to supply chain issues and economic strain following the COVID-19 pandemic, which was further exacerbated by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in early 2022. As a result of the war, many countries began looking for alternative sources, and Russian pipeline gas imports to the European Union declined as a result. Meanwhile, LNG was a great beneficiary, with LNG demand in Europe rising by more than 60 percent between 2021 and 2023. How domestic natural gas production shapes prices As intimated, the United States’ position among the leaders of worldwide natural gas production is one of the main reasons for why prices for this commodity are so low across the country. In 2023, the U.S. produced more than one trillion cubic meters of natural gas, which allays domestic demand and allows for far lower purchasing prices.

TTF Gas decreased 8.92 EUR/MWh or 17.69% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. EU Natural Gas TTF - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The inflation rates of various energy commodities in the European Union began to decrease in late 2022 after skyrocketing earlier that year. Liquid fuels' inflation rate stood at -12 percent in November 2024 after having seen the steepest increase in June 2022 at 88 percent. These developments occurred following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, which has been the cause of uncertainty over Europe's security of gas supply, as well as intense energy price volatility. In 2024, the electricity and gas prices showed an increasing trend.

This table contains consumer prices for electricity and gas. Weighted average monthly prices are published broken down into transport rate, delivery rates and taxes, both including and excluding VAT. These prices are published on a monthly basis. The prices presented in this table were used to compile the CPI up to May 2023. Prices for newly offered contracts were collected. Contract types that are no longer offered, but have been in previous reporting periods, are imputed. The average can therefore diverge from the prices paid for energy contracts by Dutch households.

Data available from January 2018 up to May 2023.

Status of the figures: The figures are definitive.

Changes as of 17 July 2023: This table will no longer be updated. Due to a change in the underlying data and accompanying method for calculcating average energy prices, a new table was created. See paragraph 3.

Changes as of 13 February: Average delivery rates are not shown in this table from January 2023 up to May 2023. With the introduction of the price cap, the average energy rates (delivery rates) of fixed and variable energy contracts together remained useful for calculating a development for the CPI. However, as a pricelevel, they are less useful. Average energy prices from January 2023 up to May 2023 are published in a customized table. In this publication, only data concerning new variable contracts are taken into account

When will new figures be published? Does not apply.

In most European cities, energy prices constituted the main share of the residential end-user electricity price in February 2024. Energy price shares are among the highest in the capital cities of Cyprus, Malta, and Ireland, which are largely reliant on energy imports. Copenhagen, Stockholm, and Brussels account for the largest share of energy taxes in the region. In the Danish capital, for instance, energy taxes -including VAT- represented 47 percent of the residential electricity price. Household electricity prices around the world Italy and Germany have some of the highest electricity prices in the world. Heavily reliant on natural gas imports, these two countries were profoundly stricken by the 2022 energy crisis. Overall, Western Europe is the most expensive region for household power purchases, while many large energy producing countries such as Russia and Saudi Arabia offer their residents the cheapest average rates. Heating gas prices in European cities In terms of residential use gas prices in Europe, Stockholm was the most expensive city in January 2024. Inhabitants of Sweden's capital paid for gas nearly 40 percent more than consumers in Bern, Switzerland, which ranked second. Imports dominate Sweden's gas supply.

Germany Electricity decreased 21.39 EUR/MWh or 18.48% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

European Electricity Real Price Index for Agriculture by Country, 2022 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

European Union Electricity Price: HC: Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EA data was reported at 0.317 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.305 EUR/kWh for Dec 2023. European Union Electricity Price: HC: Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EA data is updated semiannually, averaging 0.305 EUR/kWh from Jun 2022 (Median) to Jun 2024, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.319 EUR/kWh in Jun 2023 and a record low of 0.262 EUR/kWh in Jun 2022. European Union Electricity Price: HC: Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EA data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.P001: Eurostat: Electricity Price: Household Consumers.

European Union Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers (NH): Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data was reported at 0.215 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.235 EUR/kWh for Dec 2023. European Union Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers (NH): Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data is updated semiannually, averaging 0.242 EUR/kWh from Dec 2022 (Median) to Jun 2024, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.253 EUR/kWh in Dec 2022 and a record low of 0.215 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. European Union Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers (NH): Total kWh: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.P002: Eurostat: Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers.

European Union Electricity Price: HC: Total kWh: excl Taxes & Levies: EA data was reported at 0.248 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.248 EUR/kWh for Dec 2023. European Union Electricity Price: HC: Total kWh: excl Taxes & Levies: EA data is updated semiannually, averaging 0.248 EUR/kWh from Jun 2022 (Median) to Jun 2024, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.267 EUR/kWh in Jun 2023 and a record low of 0.204 EUR/kWh in Jun 2022. European Union Electricity Price: HC: Total kWh: excl Taxes & Levies: EA data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.P001: Eurostat: Electricity Price: Household Consumers.

European Union Electricity Price: NH: Total kWh: excl Taxes & Levies: EA data was reported at 0.158 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.182 EUR/kWh for Dec 2023. European Union Electricity Price: NH: Total kWh: excl Taxes & Levies: EA data is updated semiannually, averaging 0.190 EUR/kWh from Dec 2022 (Median) to Jun 2024, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.209 EUR/kWh in Dec 2022 and a record low of 0.158 EUR/kWh in Jun 2024. European Union Electricity Price: NH: Total kWh: excl Taxes & Levies: EA data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.P002: Eurostat: Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers.

In the second half of 2023, the electricity prices for household end users (including taxes, levies, and VAT) in the European Union decreased by around one euro cent per kilowatt-hour compared to the previous half of the year. In 2022, the electricity prices in the European Union reached a peak of approximately 29.37 euro cents per kilowatt-hour.The prices include electricity/basic price, transmission, system services, meter rental, distribution and other services.

Romania - Electricity prices: Medium size households was EUR0.19 Kilowatt-hour in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Romania - Electricity prices: Medium size households - last updated from the EUROSTAT on March of 2025. Historically, Romania - Electricity prices: Medium size households reached a record high of EUR0.24 Kilowatt-hour in December of 2022 and a record low of EUR0.10 Kilowatt-hour in December of 2010.

European Union Electricity Price: NH: Between 20000 & 69999 MwH: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data was reported at 0.169 EUR/MWh in Jun 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.195 EUR/MWh for Dec 2023. European Union Electricity Price: NH: Between 20000 & 69999 MwH: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data is updated semiannually, averaging 0.109 EUR/MWh from Jun 2007 (Median) to Jun 2024, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.228 EUR/MWh in Dec 2022 and a record low of 0.084 EUR/MWh in Dec 2007. European Union Electricity Price: NH: Between 20000 & 69999 MwH: incl All Taxes & Levies: EU excl UK data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.P002: Eurostat: Electricity Price: Non-Household Consumers.