A comprehensive dataset of average residential, commercial, and combined electricity rates in cents per kWh for all 50 U.S. states.

A table listing the average electricity rates (kWh) of all 50 U.S. states as of March 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Utility (Piped) Gas per Therm in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) (APUS24B72620) from Nov 1978 to Nov 2024 about St. Louis, utilities, energy, IL, MO, urban, retail, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in Kansas City, MO-KS (CBSA) (APUA21472610) from Nov 1978 to Dec 1986 about Kansas City, KS, electricity, energy, MO, urban, retail, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Gasoline, All Types (Cost per Gallon/3.785 Liters) in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) (APUS24B7471A) from Jan 1978 to Jun 2025 about St. Louis, energy, IL, gas, MO, urban, retail, price, and USA.

United States Natural Gas: Average Residential Price: Missouri data was reported at 11.980 USD/1000 Cub ft in Feb 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 12.120 USD/1000 Cub ft for Jan 2025. United States Natural Gas: Average Residential Price: Missouri data is updated monthly, averaging 10.805 USD/1000 Cub ft from Jan 1989 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 434 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 31.210 USD/1000 Cub ft in Aug 2023 and a record low of 4.400 USD/1000 Cub ft in Mar 1995. United States Natural Gas: Average Residential Price: Missouri data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.P012: Natural Gas Prices.

St. Louis, MO-IL (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy Services in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) was 262.49500 Index 1982-84=100 in July of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, St. Louis, MO-IL (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy Services in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) reached a record high of 262.49500 in July of 2024 and a record low of 101.10000 in January of 1984. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for St. Louis, MO-IL (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy Services in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Natural Gas: Average Commercial Price: Missouri data was reported at 8.970 USD/1000 Cub ft in Feb 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9.200 USD/1000 Cub ft for Jan 2025. Natural Gas: Average Commercial Price: Missouri data is updated monthly, averaging 9.000 USD/1000 Cub ft from Jan 1989 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 434 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.700 USD/1000 Cub ft in Jul 2023 and a record low of 3.690 USD/1000 Cub ft in Jun 1999. Natural Gas: Average Commercial Price: Missouri data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.P012: Natural Gas Prices.

United States - Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) was 0.12900 Index in November of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) reached a record high of 0.17700 in June of 2023 and a record low of 0.04200 in December of 1978. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Electricity per 500 Kilowatt-Hour in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) (APUS24B72621) from Nov 1978 to Dec 1997 about St. Louis, electricity, energy, IL, MO, urban, retail, price, and USA.

17,26,241.0 (billion Btu) in 2017. Consumption of primary energy. (Energy sources that are produced from other energy sources, e.g., coal coke from coal, are included in Primary Energy Consumption only if their energy content has not already been included as part of the original energy source. Thus, U.S. Primary Energy Consumption does include net imports of coal coke, but not the coal coke produced from domestic coal.) The Energy Information Administration includes the following in U.S. Primary Energy Consumption: coal consumption; coal coke net imports; petroleum consumption (petroleum products supplied, including natural gas plant liquids and crude oil burned as fuel); dry natural gas excluding supplemental gaseous fuels consumption; nuclear electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the nuclear plants heat rate); conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate); geothermal electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the geothermal plants heat rate), and geothermal heat pump energy and geothermal direct use energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate), and solar thermal direct use energy; wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate); wood and wood-derived fuels consumption; biomass waste consumption; fuel ethanol and biodiesel consumption; losses and co-products from the production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel; and electricity net imports (converted to Btu using the electricity heat content of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour).

Macau MO: Energy Intensity Level of Primary Energy: MJ per PPP of(GDP) Gross Domestic Product2011 Price data was reported at 0.657 MJ in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.460 MJ for 2014. Macau MO: Energy Intensity Level of Primary Energy: MJ per PPP of(GDP) Gross Domestic Product2011 Price data is updated yearly, averaging 1.041 MJ from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.462 MJ in 2000 and a record low of 0.426 MJ in 2013. Macau MO: Energy Intensity Level of Primary Energy: MJ per PPP of(GDP) Gross Domestic Product2011 Price data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Energy intensity level of primary energy is the ratio between energy supply and gross domestic product measured at purchasing power parity. Energy intensity is an indication of how much energy is used to produce one unit of economic output. Lower ratio indicates that less energy is used to produce one unit of output.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

St. Louis, MO-IL (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Energy in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) was 290.95100 Index 1982-84=100 in July of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, St. Louis, MO-IL (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Energy in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) reached a record high of 290.95100 in July of 2024 and a record low of 102.60000 in January of 1984. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for St. Louis, MO-IL (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Energy in St. Louis, MO-IL (CBSA) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Panama GDP: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water Supply data was reported at 774.000 PAB mn in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 710.700 PAB mn for 2011. Panama GDP: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water Supply data is updated yearly, averaging 422.600 PAB mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2012, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 774.000 PAB mn in 2012 and a record low of 295.400 PAB mn in 1996. Panama GDP: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water Supply data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Census. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.A014: SNA 1993: GDP: by Industry: Current Price.

As an energy-intensive industry, the steel industry grapples with increasing energy costs and decarbonisation pressures. Therefore, multi-objective optimisation is widely applied in the production scheduling of the steelmaking plant. However, the optimal solution prioritising energy savings and emission reductions may lead to impractical or less economically efficient solutions since the processing time requirement (PTR) of steel production orders in real-world production is neglected. A research titled "Multi-objective scheduling of a steelmaking plant integrated with renewable energy sources and energy storage systems: Balancing costs, emissions and make-span" has been published on Journal of Cleaner Production regarding this topic. This study fills the research gap by discussing the impact of PTR on the make-span of the steelmaking process and incorporating it into the optimisation model. Considering the variability of PTR, solving the multi-objective scheduling problem is transformed into the selection from Pareto solutions with different make-spans. To better leverage the temporal flexibility of the steelmaking process, a what-if-analysis-based strategy coupled with the Normal Boundary Intersection method is proposed to generate a series of evenly distributed Pareto solutions. The energy storage system is integrated to improve the time granularity of the steelmaking plant's flexibility.In case studies of the paper, cases were conducted to demonstrate the proposed method for reducing electricity and emission costs. The input dataset, such as the day-ahead electricity price profile, RES generation, and carbon intensity profile, has been provided for researchers to reproduce the results in the paper or to conduct further related studies. Also, the original numerical data of the results in the case studies of the paper have been provided for researchers to better understand the results or to use the results for other purposes.The whole dataset includes 9 CSV files in total. The detailed description of them is presented as follows:1. "Price_day_ahead.csv" provides a day-ahead hourly electricity price.2. "RES_generation.csv" provides a day-ahead forecast of hourly RES generation, such as PV and wind generation; the unit is MW. 3. "Carbon_Intensity_Data.csv" provides forcast carbon intensity data in the South Wales area. The unit is tCO2/MWh.4. "Numerical results_ NBI_11P_BESS.csv" provides the numerical results of Section 5.2.1. It provides the data related to the MO-FlexSP + BESS optimal solutions in Fig. 10. The 'makespan' column corresponds to the value on the abscissa, and the 'EL_EM_Cost' column corresponds to the value on the ordinate. There are 11 optimal points in this case.5. "Numerical results_ NBI_11P_woBESS.csv" provides the numerical results of Section 5.2.1. It provides the data related to the MO-FlexSP optimal solutions in Fig. 10. The 'makespan' column corresponds to the value on the x-axis, and the 'EL_EM_Cost' column corresponds to the value on the y-axis.There are 11 optimal points in this case.6. "Numerical results_ WS_11p_woBESS.csv" provides the numerical results of Section 5.2.2. It provides the data related to the MO-FlexSP optimal solutions using weighted sum method in Fig. 11. The 'makespan' column corresponds to the value on the x-axis, and the 'EL_EM_Cost' column corresponds to the value on the y-axis.There are 11 optimal points in this case.7. "Numerical results_ NBI_21p_woBESS.csv" provides the numerical results of Section 5.2.2. It provides the data related to the MO-FlexSP optimal solutions in Fig. 12. The 'makespan' column corresponds to the value on the x-axis, and the 'EL_EM_Cost' column corresponds to the value on the y-axis.There are 21 optimal points in this case.8. "Numerical results_ WS_21p_woBESS.csv" provides the numerical results of Section 5.2.2. It provides the data related to the MO-FlexSP optimal solutions using the weighted sum method in Fig. 12. The 'makespan' column corresponds to the value on the x-axis, and the 'EL_EM_Cost' column corresponds to the value on the y-axis.There are 21 optimal points in this case.9. "Numerical results_ emission sensitivity.csv" provides the numerical results of Section 5.2.3. It provides the data related to the Min EL-EM case in Fig. 14, which shows the sensitivity of indirect emissions to carbon tax.Some schematic diagrams in this paper are also provided as follows:1. "Industrial information management system.pdf" provides the role of the proposed model in current industrial information management systems.2. "Steelmaking Process.pdf" describes the typical steelmaking process, which consists of four stages: electric arc furnace (EAF), argon oxygen decarburisation (AOD), ladle furnace (LF), and continuous casting (CC).Research results based upon these data are published at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139350

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in U.S. City Average (APU000072610) from Nov 1978 to Jun 2025 about electricity, energy, retail, price, and USA.

Panama GDP: 1996p: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water Supply data was reported at 186.773 PAB mn in Sep 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 177.978 PAB mn for Jun 2013. Panama GDP: 1996p: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water Supply data is updated quarterly, averaging 104.803 PAB mn from Mar 1996 (Median) to Sep 2013, with 71 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 186.773 PAB mn in Sep 2013 and a record low of 71.400 PAB mn in Jun 1996. Panama GDP: 1996p: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water Supply data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Census. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.A015: SNA 1993: GDP: by Industry: 1996 Price.

West Virginia and Kansas had the lowest cost of living across all U.S. states, with composite costs being half of those found in Hawaii. This was according to a composite index that compares prices for various goods and services on a state-by-state basis. In West Virginia, the cost of living index amounted to **** — well below the national benchmark of 100. Virginia— which had an index value of ***** — was only slightly above that benchmark. Expensive places to live included Hawaii, Massachusetts, and California. Housing costs in the U.S. Housing is usually the highest expense in a household’s budget. In 2023, the average house sold for approximately ******* U.S. dollars, but house prices in the Northeast and West regions were significantly higher. Conversely, the South had some of the least expensive housing. In West Virginia, Mississippi, and Louisiana, the median price of the typical single-family home was less than ******* U.S. dollars. That makes living expenses in these states significantly lower than in states such as Hawaii and California, where housing is much pricier. What other expenses affect the cost of living? Utility costs such as electricity, natural gas, water, and internet also influence the cost of living. In Alaska, Hawaii, and Connecticut, the average monthly utility cost exceeded *** U.S. dollars. That was because of the significantly higher prices for electricity and natural gas in these states.

Kansas City, MO-KS (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy in Kansas City, MO-KS (CMSA) (DISCONTINUED) was 226.28200 Index 1982-84=100 in July of 2017, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Kansas City, MO-KS (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy in Kansas City, MO-KS (CMSA) (DISCONTINUED) reached a record high of 226.28200 in July of 2017 and a record low of 104.50000 in January of 1984. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Kansas City, MO-KS (MSA) - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy in Kansas City, MO-KS (CMSA) (DISCONTINUED) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Panama GDP: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water data was reported at 954.506 PAB mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 904.814 PAB mn for 2016. Panama GDP: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water data is updated yearly, averaging 895.411 PAB mn from Dec 2007 (Median) to 2017, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,100.980 PAB mn in 2014 and a record low of 607.273 PAB mn in 2007. Panama GDP: MO: Electricity, Gas & Water data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Census. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.A004: SNA 2008: GDP: by Industry: Current Price: Annual.