In 2023, the population of the United Kingdom reached 68.3 million, compared with 67.6 million in 2022. The UK population has more than doubled since 1871 when just under 31.5 million lived in the UK and has grown by around 8.2 million since the start of the twenty-first century. For most of the twentieth century, the UK population steadily increased, with two noticeable drops in population occurring during World War One (1914-1918) and in World War Two (1939-1945). Demographic trends in postwar Britain After World War Two, Britain and many other countries in the Western world experienced a 'baby boom,' with a postwar peak of 1.02 million live births in 1947. Although the number of births fell between 1948 and 1955, they increased again between the mid-1950s and mid-1960s, with more than one million people born in 1964. Since 1964, however, the UK birth rate has fallen from 18.8 births per 1,000 people to a low of just 10.2 in 2020. As a result, the UK population has gotten significantly older, with the country's median age increasing from 37.9 years in 2001 to 40.7 years in 2022. What are the most populated areas of the UK? The vast majority of people in the UK live in England, which had a population of 57.7 million people in 2023. By comparison, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland had populations of 5.44 million, 3.13 million, and 1.9 million, respectively. Within England, South East England had the largest population, at over 9.38 million, followed by the UK's vast capital city of London, at 8.8 million. London is far larger than any other UK city in terms of urban agglomeration, with just four other cities; Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, and Glasgow, boasting populations that exceed one million people.

The mid-year estimates refer to the population on 30 June of the reference year and are produced in line with the standard United Nations (UN) definition for population estimates. They are the official set of population estimates for the UK and its constituent countries, the regions and counties of England, and local authorities and their equivalents.

The statistic depicts the median age of the population in the United Kingdom from 1950 to 2100*. The median age of a population is an index that divides the population into two equal groups: half of the population is older than the median age and the other half younger. In 2020, the median age of United Kingdom's population was 39.2 years. Population of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom (UK) includes Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland, and is a state located off the coast of continental Europe. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, which means the Queen acts as representative head of state, while laws and constitutional issues are discussed and passed by a parliament. The total UK population figures have been steadily increasing, albeit only slightly, over the last decade; in 2011, the population growth rate was lower than in the previous year for the first time in eight years. Like many other countries, the UK and its economy were severely affected by the economic crisis in 2009. Since then, the unemployment rate has doubled and is only recovering slowly. UK inhabitants tend to move to the cities to find work and better living conditions; urbanization in the United Kingdom has been on the rise. At the same time, population density in the United Kingdom has been increasing due to several factors, for example, the rising number of inhabitants and their life expectancy at birth, an increasing fertility rate, and a very low number of emigrants. In fact, the United Kingdom is now among the 20 countries with the highest life expectancy at birth worldwide. As can be seen above, the median age of UK residents has also been increasing significantly since the seventies; another indicator for a well-working economy and society.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Great Britain Historical Database has been assembled as part of the ongoing Great Britain Historical GIS Project. The project aims to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain at sub-county scales. Further information about the project is available on A Vision of Britain webpages, where users can browse the database's documentation system online.

The Great Britain Historical GIS Project has also produced digitised boundary data, which can be obtained from the UK Data Service Census Support service. Further information is available at census.ukdataservice.ac.uk

Main Topics:

The Great Britain Historical Database is a large database of British nineteenth and twentieth-century statistics. Where practical the referencing of spatial units has been integrated, data for different dates have been assembled into single tables.

The Great Britain Historical Database currently contains :

• Statistics from the 1861 Census and the Registrar General's reports, 1851-1861
  
• Employment statistics from the census, 1841-1931
  
• Demographic statistics from the census, 1841-1931
  
• Mortality statistics from the Registrar General's reports, 1861-1920
  
• Marriage statistics from the Registrar General's reports, 1841-1870
  
• Trade union statistics for the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE), 1851-1918
  
• Trade union statistics for the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners (ASCJ), 1863-1912
  
• Official poor law statistics, 1859-1915 and 1919-1939
  
• Wage statistics, 1845-1906
  
• Hours of work statistics, 1900-1913
  
• Small debt statistics from county courts, 1847-1913 and 1938
  

There are six tables in this part of the Great Britain Historical Database :

Lee_emp holds simplified and standardised versions of the country-level employment statistics for Great Britain given in the printed census reports from 1841 to 1931, using the employment categories defined by the Standard Industrial Classification.

Emp1901m holds male employment statistics from the 1901 census for county boroughs, municipal boroughs and urban districts over 10,000 population in England and Wales.

Emp1901f holds female employment statistics from the 1901 census for county boroughs, municipal boroughs and urban districts over 10,000 population in England and Wales.

Emp1911m holds male employment statistics from the 1911 census for counties, county boroughs, municipal boroughs and urban districts over 10,000 population in England and Wales.

Emp1911f holds female employment statistics from the 1911 census for counties, county boroughs, municipal boroughs and urban districts over 10,000 population in England and Wales.

Emp1921 holds male and female employment statistics from the 1921 census for county boroughs, municipal boroughs, urban districts and rural districts, plus certain civil parishes in England and Wales.

Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

In the past four centuries, the population of the United States has grown from a recorded 350 people around the Jamestown colony of Virginia in 1610, to an estimated 331 million people in 2020. The pre-colonization populations of the indigenous peoples of the Americas have proven difficult for historians to estimate, as their numbers decreased rapidly following the introduction of European diseases (namely smallpox, plague and influenza). Native Americans were also omitted from most censuses conducted before the twentieth century, therefore the actual population of what we now know as the United States would have been much higher than the official census data from before 1800, but it is unclear by how much. Population growth in the colonies throughout the eighteenth century has primarily been attributed to migration from the British Isles and the Transatlantic slave trade; however it is also difficult to assert the ethnic-makeup of the population in these years as accurate migration records were not kept until after the 1820s, at which point the importation of slaves had also been illegalized. Nineteenth century In the year 1800, it is estimated that the population across the present-day United States was around six million people, with the population in the 16 admitted states numbering at 5.3 million. Migration to the United States began to happen on a large scale in the mid-nineteenth century, with the first major waves coming from Ireland, Britain and Germany. In some aspects, this wave of mass migration balanced out the demographic impacts of the American Civil War, which was the deadliest war in U.S. history with approximately 620 thousand fatalities between 1861 and 1865. The civil war also resulted in the emancipation of around four million slaves across the south; many of whose ancestors would take part in the Great Northern Migration in the early 1900s, which saw around six million black Americans migrate away from the south in one of the largest demographic shifts in U.S. history. By the end of the nineteenth century, improvements in transport technology and increasing economic opportunities saw migration to the United States increase further, particularly from southern and Eastern Europe, and in the first decade of the 1900s the number of migrants to the U.S. exceeded one million people in some years. Twentieth and twenty-first century The U.S. population has grown steadily throughout the past 120 years, reaching one hundred million in the 1910s, two hundred million in the 1960s, and three hundred million in 2007. In the past century, the U.S. established itself as a global superpower, with the world's largest economy (by nominal GDP) and most powerful military. Involvement in foreign wars has resulted in over 620,000 further U.S. fatalities since the Civil War, and migration fell drastically during the World Wars and Great Depression; however the population continuously grew in these years as the total fertility rate remained above two births per woman, and life expectancy increased (except during the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918).

Since the Second World War, Latin America has replaced Europe as the most common point of origin for migrants, with Hispanic populations growing rapidly across the south and border states. Because of this, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites, which has been the most dominant ethnicity in the U.S. since records began, has dropped more rapidly in recent decades. Ethnic minorities also have a much higher birth rate than non-Hispanic whites, further contributing to this decline, and the share of non-Hispanic whites is expected to fall below fifty percent of the U.S. population by the mid-2000s. In 2020, the United States has the third-largest population in the world (after China and India), and the population is expected to reach four hundred million in the 2050s.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the London, UK metro area from 1950 to 2025. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

Graph and download economic data for Resident Population in the New England Census Division (CNEWPOP) from 1900 to 2024 about New England Census Division, residents, population, and USA.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Great Britain Historical Database has been assembled as part of the ongoing Great Britain Historical GIS Project. The project aims to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain at sub-county scales. Further information about the project is available on A Vision of Britain webpages, where users can browse the database's documentation system online.

The Great Britain Historical GIS Project has also produced digitised boundary data, which can be obtained from the UK Data Service Census Support service. Further information is available at census.ukdataservice.ac.uk

Main Topics:

The Great Britain Historical Database is a large database of British nineteenth and twentieth-century statistics. Where practical the referencing of spatial units has been integrated, data for different dates have been assembled into single tables.

The Great Britain Historical Database currently contains :

• Statistics from the 1861 Census and the Registrar General's reports, 1851-1861
  
• Employment statistics from the census, 1841-1931
  
• Demographic statistics from the census, 1841-1931
  
• Mortality statistics from the Registrar General's reports, 1861-1920
  
• Marriage statistics from the Registrar General's reports, 1841-1870
  
• Trade union statistics for the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE), 1851-1918
  
• Trade union statistics for the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners (ASCJ), 1863-1912
  
• Official poor law statistics, 1859-1915 and 1919-1939
  
• Wage statistics, 1845-1906
  
• Hours of work statistics, 1900-1913
  
• Small debt statistics from county courts, 1847-1913 and 1938
  

There are four tables in this part of the Great Britain Historical Database, providing a comprehensive account of changing administrative units in England and Wales over the period from 1888 to 1973:

Lgd holds all the local government districts (county boroughs, London boroughs, municipal boroughs, rural districts and urban districts) in the GIS and acts as a gazetteer between the GIS and the Great Britain Historical Database.

Main_ch holds the total information about each change, e.g. date, total population, total area, type of change, etc (This table is currently unavailable).

Sub_area holds details of all the sub areas (ideally civil parishes) affected by the changes (This table is currently unavailable).

Lgd_to_cha acts as a lookup table between lgd and main_ch (This table is currently unavailable).

Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

As of 2024, there were approximately 97,800 prisoners in custody in the United Kingdom, with the vast majority of these being prisoners in the jurisdiction of England and Wales at 87,900 prisoners, with a further 8,000 in Scotland, and 1,900 in Northern Ireland.

United States Population: All Ages data was reported at 325,719.000 Person th in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 323,406.000 Person th for 2016. United States Population: All Ages data is updated yearly, averaging 176,356.000 Person th from Jun 1900 (Median) to 2017, with 118 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 325,719.000 Person th in 2017 and a record low of 76,094.000 Person th in 1900. United States Population: All Ages data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.G002: Population by Age. Series Remarks Population data for the years 1900 to 1949 exclude the population residing in Alaska and Hawaii. Population data for the years 1940 to 1979 cover the resident population plus Armed Forces overseas. Population data for all other years cover only the resident population.

In 2024, there were 87,869 men and 3,635 women in prisons in England and Wales. Compared with the previous year, this represented an increase for both men and women. This represented a peak in the number of prisoners during this provided time period, and was also the peak for the United Kingdom as a whole.
Demographics of prisoners There were 28,524 prisoners in their 30s in England and Wales in 2023, the most of any age group. In this year there were also 3,625 prisoners who were aged between 15 and 20, with a further 21,590 prisoners who were in their 20s. In terms of the ethnicity of prisoners in England and Wales, 61,823 people in jail were White, 10,494 were Black, and 6,840 were Asian. In the same year, the most common religious faith of prisoners was Christianity, at 38,184 inmates, followed by people with no religion at 26,715. Increase in prison officers since 2017 The 23,614 prison officers working in England and Wales in 2024 was almost as high as 2011 when there were 24,369 officers. From 2010 onwards, the number of prison officers fell from 24,830 to 18,251 by 2014, and stayed at comparably low levels until 2018. Low government expenditure on Prisons during the same time period suggests this was a result of the austerity policies implemented by the UK government at that time. The government has steadily increased spending on prisons since 2019/20, with spending on prisons reaching 6.09 billion in 2022/23. This has however not been enough to avert a possible overcrowding crisis in England and Wales, which had just 768 spare prison places in September 2023.

Population Census: Northeast: Maranhao data was reported at 6,775,805.000 Person in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,574,789.000 Person for 2010. Population Census: Northeast: Maranhao data is updated yearly, averaging 4,097,231.000 Person from Jul 1900 (Median) to 2022, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,775,805.000 Person in 2022 and a record low of 499,308.000 Person in 1900. Population Census: Northeast: Maranhao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.GAC008: Population Census: by State.

Fichier format Excel qui retrace l'évolution de la population de la ville de Villemomble de 1900 à 2012

Brazil Population Census: Total data was reported at 203,080,756.000 Person in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 190,755,799.000 Person for 2010. Brazil Population Census: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 121,150,573.000 Person from Jul 1900 (Median) to 2022, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 203,080,756.000 Person in 2022 and a record low of 17,438,434.000 Person in 1900. Brazil Population Census: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.GAC001: Population Census.

Population Census: Central West data was reported at 16,289,538.000 Person in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 14,058,094.000 Person for 2010. Population Census: Central West data is updated yearly, averaging 7,003,515.000 Person from Jul 1900 (Median) to 2022, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16,289,538.000 Person in 2022 and a record low of 373,309.000 Person in 1900. Population Census: Central West data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.GAC005: Population Census: by Region.

Population Census: Southeast: Sao Paulo data was reported at 44,411,238.000 Person in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 41,262,199.000 Person for 2010. Population Census: Southeast: Sao Paulo data is updated yearly, averaging 25,375,199.000 Person from Jul 1900 (Median) to 2022, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44,411,238.000 Person in 2022 and a record low of 2,282,279.000 Person in 1900. Population Census: Southeast: Sao Paulo data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.GAC008: Population Census: by State.

GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

The earliest point where scientists can make reasonable estimates for the population of global regions is around 10,000 years before the Common Era (or 12,000 years ago). Estimates suggest that Asia has consistently been the most populated continent, and the least populated continent has generally been Oceania (although it was more heavily populated than areas such as North America in very early years). Population growth was very slow, but an increase can be observed between most of the given time periods. There were, however, dips in population due to pandemics, the most notable of these being the impact of plague in Eurasia in the 14th century, and the impact of European contact with the indigenous populations of the Americas after 1492, where it took almost four centuries for the population of Latin America to return to its pre-1500 level. The world's population first reached one billion people in 1803, which also coincided with a spike in population growth, due to the onset of the demographic transition. This wave of growth first spread across the most industrially developed countries in the 19th century, and the correlation between demographic development and industrial or economic maturity continued until today, with Africa being the final major region to begin its transition in the late-1900s.

Japan Population: as of 1st Oct: Female data was reported at 65,051.000 Person th in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 65,167.000 Person th for 2016. Japan Population: as of 1st Oct: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 48,224.000 Person th from Dec 1900 (Median) to 2017, with 112 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65,730.000 Person th in 2010 and a record low of 21,796.000 Person th in 1900. Japan Population: as of 1st Oct: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

Population: 50-54 Years data was reported at 393,531.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 390,931.000 Person for 2023. Population: 50-54 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 271,696.000 Person from Dec 1900 (Median) to 2024, with 125 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 425,011.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 104,900.000 Person in 1900. Population: 50-54 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Denmark. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.G002: Population by Age: Annual.