This dataset provides detailed information on the 2019 Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) for Birmingham, UK. The data is available at the postcode level and includes the Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) information.Data is provided at the LSOA 2011 Census geography.The decile score ranges from 1-10 with decile 1 representing the most deprived 10% of areas while decile 10 representing the least deprived 10% of areas.The IMD rank and decile score is allocated to the LSOA and all postcodes within it at the time of creation (2019).Note that some postcodes cross over LSOA boundaries. The Office for National Statistics sets boundaries for LSOAs and allocates every postcode to one LSOA only: this is the one which contains the majority of residents in that postcode area (as at 2011 Census).

The English Indices of Deprivation 2019 provide detailed measures of relative deprivation across small areas in England. The Health Deprivation and Disability dataset is a crucial part of this index, capturing the risk of premature death and the impairment of quality of life through poor physical or mental health. This dataset includes indicators such as years of potential life lost, comparative illness and disability ratios, acute morbidity, and mood and anxiety disorders. It helps identify areas with significant health and disability challenges, guiding policy interventions and resource allocation to improve health outcomes and reduce health inequalities.

The Index of multiple deprivation (IMD) combines information from the English Indices of deprivation (IoD). It is the Government's official measure of relative deprivation for LSOAs (Lower layer super output areas). LSOAs are small geographical areas of approximately 1,700 people. There are 128 LSOAs in Calderdale. The IoD is a set of relative measures of deprivation for LSOAs across England, based on seven different domains of deprivation: Income, Employment, Education skills and training, Health and disability, Crime, Barriers to housing and services, and Living environment. There are also seven domain level indices and two supplementary indices - Income deprivation affecting children index (IDACI) and Income deprivation affecting older people index (IDAOPI). It is published every three to five years. IMD 2019 results were published on 26 September 2019. Calderdale results are available, using the dashboard link on this page. More information is available at Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local government: English Indices of deprivation 2019. See also: IoD Infographic and themed factsheets below IoD opendata for LSOAs (Lower layer super output areas) and wards below IoD 2019 factsheets for each ward can be found on the individual ward factsheets. Children's Centre Boundary areas data set for a postcode checker tool which includes IMD 2019 decile for each LSOA in the children's centre reach area. Calderdale areas by postcode dataset for a list of postcodes in Calderdale, their ward, and the IMD 2019 decile for their LSOA. Exploring local income deprivation - new animation by the Office for National Statistics about income deprivation at neighbourhood level as shown by the English Index of Income Deprivation 2019 Data and Resources IoD 2019 guide and glossary Guide and glossary to English Indices of deprivation 2019 dashboard.

The Index of multiple deprivation (IMD) combines information from the English Indices of deprivation (IoD). It is the Government's official measure of relative deprivation for LSOAs (Lower layer super output areas). LSOAs are small geographical areas of approximately 1,700 people. There are 128 LSOAs in Calderdale. The IoD is a set of relative measures of deprivation for LSOAs across England, based on seven different domains of deprivation: Income, Employment, Education skills and training, Health and disability, Crime, Barriers to housing and services, and Living environment. There are also seven domain level indices and two supplementary indices - Income deprivation affecting children index (IDACI) and Income deprivation affecting older people index (IDAOPI). It is published every three to five years. IMD 2019 results were published on 26 September 2019. Calderdale results are available, using the dashboard link on this page. More information is available at Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local government: English Indices of deprivation 2019. See also:

IoD Infographic and themed factsheets below IoD opendata for LSOAs (Lower layer super output areas) and wards below IoD 2019 factsheets for each ward can be found on the individual ward factsheets.

Children's Centre Boundary areas data set for a postcode checker tool which includes IMD 2019 decile for each LSOA in the children's centre reach area.


Calderdale areas by postcode dataset for a list of postcodes in Calderdale, their ward, and the IMD 2019 decile for their LSOA.


Exploring local income deprivation - new animation by the Office for National Statistics about income deprivation at neighbourhood level as shown by the English Index of Income Deprivation 2019

These indicators are designed to accompany the SHMI publication. The SHMI methodology does not make any adjustment for deprivation. This is because adjusting for deprivation might create the impression that a higher death rate for those who are more deprived is acceptable. Patient records are assigned to 1 of 5 deprivation groups (called quintiles) using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). The deprivation quintile cannot be calculated for some records e.g. because the patient's postcode is unknown or they are not resident in England. Contextual indicators on the percentage of provider spells and deaths reported in the SHMI belonging to each deprivation quintile are produced to support the interpretation of the SHMI. Notes: 1. As of the July 2020 publication, COVID-19 activity has been excluded from the SHMI. The SHMI is not designed for this type of pandemic activity and the statistical modelling used to calculate the SHMI may not be as robust if such activity were included. Activity that is being coded as COVID-19, and therefore excluded, is monitored in a new contextual indicator 'Percentage of provider spells with COVID-19 coding' which is part of this publication. 2. Please note that there has been a fall in the number of spells for most trusts between this publication and the previous SHMI publication, ranging from 1 per cent to 5 per cent. This is due to COVID-19 impacting on activity from March 2020 onwards and appears to be an accurate reflection of hospital activity rather than a case of missing data. 3. There is a shortfall in the number of records for University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RHM). Values for these trusts are based on incomplete data and should therefore be interpreted with caution. 4. Day cases and regular day attenders are excluded from the SHMI. However, some day cases for University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (trust code RRV) have been incorrectly classified as ordinary admissions meaning that they have been included in the SHMI. Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust (trust code RWF) has submitted a number of records with a patient classification of ‘day case’ or ‘regular day attender’ and an intended management value of ‘patient to stay in hospital for at least one night’. This mismatch has resulted in the patient classification being updated to ‘ordinary admission’ by the HES data cleaning rules. This may have resulted in the number of ordinary admissions being overstated. The trust has been contacted to clarify what the correct patient classification is for these records. Values for these trusts should therefore be interpreted with caution. 5. Further information on data quality can be found in the SHMI background quality report, which can be downloaded from the 'Resources' section of the publication page. 6. This tool is in Microsoft PowerBI which does not fully support all accessibility needs. You can find the source data on this page. If you need further assistance, please contact us for help.

This data set lists Calderdale Medium Layer Super Output Areas (MSOAs), Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs), Census Output Areas (COAs), Built Up Areas (BUAs), Built up area sub-divisions (BUASDs) and their constituent postcodes. It is based on the National Statistics Postcode Lookup (NSPL) facility, on the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Geoportal, and is updated every three months. Postcodes allocated by the NSPL dataset may differ from those allocated by the ONS Postcode directory as described in A Guide to ONS Geography Postcode Products. MSOAs, LSOAs, COAs, BUAs, BUASDs have been defined by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) to assist with reporting statistical information for small geographic areas. They were last updated following the 2021 National Census. ONS has linked these statistical geographic terms to electoral wards and to postcodes through the NSPL data set. The original data source is the UK ONS and contains National Statistics data © Crown copyright and database right 2025, and are subject to the Open Government Licence and the Ordnance Survey OpenData Licence . Included are also the latest indices of deprivation figures for Calderdale which are calculated by central government every four to six years. Source :https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/english-indices-of-deprivation-2019 Link to Calderdale's public amenity reach areas.

The tool provided for linking postcodes to IMD can be found here: https://imd-by-postcode.opendatacommunities.org/imd/2019 Please note that Distance Selling Pharmacies and Appliance Contractors may not have a postcode representative of the patients that they serve. These contractors have been marked in the data with the DISTANCE_SELLING_PHARMACY_FLAG and APPLIANCE_CONTRACTOR_FLAG

This section describes the mental health, housing, sociodemographic and environment variables and the data sources from which they are derived. All data comes from open-source databases. Where possible, data from 2015 has been used to match ONS data on indices of deprivation (only available in 2010, 2015 and 2019). Data from 2015 was not available for EPCs, household size, and environmental exposures.Clinical mental health data is available from the Place-based Longitudinal Data Resource (PLDR), managed by the University of Liverpool, which provides annual data from a variety of sources (e.g. hospital admissions data, budgetary data, prescribing data) at LSOA level. It is used by researchers, practitioners, and government to track changes in health indicators over time. https://pldr.org/search?type=dataset Housing and home energy efficiency data is derived from EPCs, a requirement for homes built, sold, or rented since the introduction of the policy in 2008 (HM Government 2024). EPC data were aggregated using medians, modes, and proportions at LSOA level for this study. The EPC dataset is comprised of 24,736,816 homes, with EPCs recorded between 1st October 2008 and 31st May 2023. For homes with multiple EPCs (N=3,798,313), the most recent is used, but missing data is filled from the most recent previous certificates. EPCs were linked to 2011 census LSOAs by postcode using the National Statistics Postcode Lookup (ONS 2022). https://epc.opendatacommunities.org/Demographic data such as age, gender and deprivation indicators originate from the 2011 census or other Office for National Statistics (ONS) sources.The Access to Health Assets and Hazards (AHAH v2) dataset was used for environmental exposures including air pollution and access to green space (Daras et al. 2019). AHAH is a multi-dimensional index developed by the Consumer Data Research Centre (CDRC) for Great Britain. It is used to provide an index for how ‘healthy’ a local area is. https://pldr.org/dataset/2z9yv/ahah-version-2-access-to-healthy-assets-and-hazardsFinally, HadUK-Grid data at 1x1 km resolution was used to estimate winter (December, January and February) ambient temperatures (Met Office 2023).

This is the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) for the United Kingdom as at February 2023 in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) and ASCII text (TXT) formats. This file contains the multi CSVs so that postcode areas can be opened in MS Excel. To download the zip file click the Download button. The ONSPD relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, 2001 Census OAs and SOAs for Northern Ireland and 2001 Census OAs and Data Zones (DZ) for Scotland. It now contains 2021 Census OAs and SOAs for England and Wales. It helps support the production of area based statistics from postcoded data. The ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The ONSPD is issued quarterly. (File size - 234 MB)NOTE: The 2022 ONSPDs included an incorrect update of the ITL field with two LA changes in Northamptonshire. This error has been corrected from the February 2023 ONSPD.NOTE: There was an issue with the originally published file where some change orders yet to be included in OS Boundary-LineÔ (including The Cumbria (Structural Changes) Order 2022, The North Yorkshire (Structural Changes) Order 2022 and The Somerset (Structural Changes) Order 2022) were mistakenly implemented for terminated postcodes. Version 2 corrects this, so that ward codes E05014171–E05014393 are not yet included. Please note that this product contains Royal Mail, Gridlink, LPS (Northern Ireland), Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.