Why did the Epichlorohydrin Price Change in July 2025? The Epichlorohydrin Price Index in APAC increased by 1.9% in Q2. Prices settled at USD 1220/MT FOB Ningbo by the end of June 2025.

Get the latest insights on price movement and trend analysis of Epichlorohydrin in different regions across the world (Asia, Europe, North America, Latin America, and the Middle East Africa).

The Epichlorohydrin Market Report Segments the Industry by Type (Oil-Based Epichlorohydrin, Bio-Based Epichlorohydrin), Application (Epoxy Resins, Specialty Water Treatment Chemicals, and More), and End-Use Industry (Construction, Paints and Coatings, Adhesives, and More), Geography (Asia-Pacific, North-America, Europe, South America, and Middle-East and Africa). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Volume (Tons).

Why did the Epichlorohydrin Rubber Price Change in July 2025? The Epichlorohydrin Rubber Price Index in APAC witnessed an overall increase of 3.5% quarter-on-quarter, settling at USD 5,320/MT MV-70 FOB Tokyo in June 2025.

Epichlorohydrin (ECH) Market size is estimated to be valued at USD 3.11 Bn in 2025 and is expected to expand at a CAGR of 5.3%, reaching USD 4.46 Bn by 2032.

The market value of the organic compound epichlorohydrin was approximately 2.53 billion U.S. dollars worldwide in 2022. By 2030, the global market value of this chemical is expected to rise to about 3.41 billion U.S. dollars.

Epichlorohydrin Market research covering industry growth patterns and intelligence. Access syndicated reports for strategic decision-making and competitive analysis.

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The epichlorohydrin market share is expected to increase by USD 619.47 million from 2020 to 2025, and the market’s growth momentum will accelerate at a CAGR of 3.77%.

This epichlorohydrin market research report provides valuable insights on the post-COVID-19 impact on the market, which will help companies evaluate their business approaches. Furthermore, this report extensively covers epichlorohydrin market segmentation by application (paints and coatings, electronics and electrical, adhesives, dyes, and pigments, and others) and geography (North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and MEA). The epichlorohydrin market report also offers information on several market vendors, including Aditya Birla Management Corp. Pvt. Ltd., Daiso Chemical (Thailand) Co. Ltd, Hanwha Group, Hexion Inc., Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Group Co. Ltd., Kashima Chemical Co. Ltd., Olin Corp., OSAKA SODA CO. Ltd., Spolchemie AS, and Sumitomo Corp. among others.

What will the Epichlorohydrin Market Size be During the Forecast Period?

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Epichlorohydrin Market: Key Drivers, Trends, and Challenges

Based on our research output, there has been a neutral impact on the market growth during and after post COVID-19 era. The low cost of raw materials and labor is notably driving the epichlorohydrin market growth, although factors such as epichlorohydrin manufacturers worldwide face stiff competition from Chinese manufacturers that may impede the market growth. Our research analysts have studied the historical data and deduced the key market drivers and the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the epichlorohydrin industry. The holistic analysis of the drivers will help in deducing end goals and refining marketing strategies to gain a competitive edge.

Key Epichlorohydrin Market Driver

The low cost of raw materials and labor is one of the key factors driving the growth of the global epichlorohydrin market. The cost of raw materials required for the production of epichlorohydrin is less compared with bisphenol A (BPA). Bisphenol A is synthesized by the reaction of phenol and acetone. These starting materials, phenol, and acetone are abundantly and readily available compared with the synthesis of epichlorohydrin that is produced through chlorohydrination, which is a three-step process. High-temperature conditions are also required during the reaction. The labor cost is low in many regions, especially in APAC. This is because developing countries, such as China and India, have a huge population and many unemployed individuals. Thus, many individuals are willing to work for low wages. Epichlorohydrin is mainly produced by the chlorohydrination of allyl chloride, which is obtained by the chlorination of propylene. The manufacture of propylene for different applications is inexpensive compared with other substitutes. Thus, the cost of epichlorohydrin ultimately decreases.

Key Epichlorohydrin Market Trend

Bio-based methods replacing synthetic methods will fuel the global epichlorohydrin market growth. The availability of glycerin as a byproduct of biodiesel production has influenced the development of technologies that use glycerin as a raw material to produce value-added products, such as epichlorohydrin. The conventional method used propylene and chlorine to produce epichlorohydrin. Glycerin can also react with hydrochloric acid (HCL) to form an intermediate called chlorohydrin, which can be converted into epichlorohydrin. The cost of glycerin is very high compared with propylene. Consumers are becoming more aware of the harmful effects of propylene on the environment and the benefits of using bio-based products. Bio-based methods can positively influence the epichlorohydrin market and drive its growth in the future. The US is investing heavily in R&D to produce epichlorohydrin from glycerin.

Key Epichlorohydrin Market Challenge

Epichlorohydrin manufacturers worldwide face stiff competition from Chinese manufacturers is the major challenge for the global epichlorohydrin market growth. Epichlorohydrin manufacturers worldwide face stiff competition from Chinese manufacturers. The market in China is concentrated, with the presence of epichlorohydrin manufacturers. In addition, the manufacturing and labor costs are low in this country. Epichlorohydrin manufacturers worldwide face stiff competition from manufacturers in China. The mass production and export of epichlorohydrin by manufacturers in China will restrict the growth of other vendors in the market. Most of the anise will leave the market because of the stiff competition from Chinese manufacturers. In addition, vendors will be compelled to lower their export prices, which will result in low profits and restricted market growth. The above factors will hinder the global epichlorohydrin market growth during the forecast

The global epichlorohydrin market attained a value of nearly USD 3.00 Billion in 2024 and is poised for further growth. The market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 3.50% during the forecast period of 2025-2034, reaching USD 4.23 Billion by 2034.

Epichlorohydrin is a key raw material in the production of epoxy resins, which are widely used across end-use industries. These industries, including building and construction, automotive, renewable energy, and paints and coatings, drive the demand for epichlorohydrin. The increasing need for advanced materials in these sectors is expected to fuel the continued growth of the epichlorohydrin market.

Explore the factors influencing epichlorohydrin prices in 2023, including raw material costs, demand from the epoxy resin industry, sustainability trends, and regional market dynamics in Asia-Pacific, North America, and Europe.

The global epichlorohydrin market was valued at $4.44 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach $6.74 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 5.00% from 2023 to 2033. The growth of the market is attributed to the increasing demand for epoxy resins, which are used in various applications such as adhesives, coatings, and composites. Major drivers of the epichlorohydrin market include the growing demand for epoxy resins, synthetic glycerin, and epichlorohydrin elastomers. The increasing use of epoxy resins in various industries, such as construction, automotive, and electronics, is a major factor driving the growth of the market. Additionally, the rising demand for synthetic glycerin in the personal care and pharmaceutical industries is also contributing to the growth of the market. The increasing adoption of bio-based epichlorohydrin is another factor expected to drive the growth of the market in the coming years. Epichlorohydrin Market Concentration & Characteristics The global epichlorohydrin market is moderately concentrated, with a handful of key players controlling a significant market share. Some of the prominent industry participants include Grasim Industries Limited, Aditya Birla Chemicals, Hexion, Kashima Chemical Co., LTD, and Lotte Fine Chemical. Impact of Regulations, Product Substitutes, End User Concentration, and M&A Regulatory restrictions on the use of epichlorohydrin as a solvent due to its hazardous nature have impacted the market growth. The availability of product substitutes, such as polyols and plasticizers, also poses a competitive threat. The end-user industries, primarily epoxy resin manufacturers, have high concentration levels, influencing market dynamics. Mergers and acquisitions have played a role in shaping the market landscape, with companies seeking to consolidate their positions and expand their production capacities. Recent developments include: In August 2022, OCIM Sdn. Bhd. and KUMHO P&B CHEMICALS., INC. partnered to manufacture epichlorohydrin in Malaysia. The annual production capacity of the plant is 100 KTPA. The ECH will be mainly used to produce epoxy resins using bio-based raw materials., In March 2022, Grasim Industries Limited (India) and Aditya Birla Chemicals (Thailand) Pvt. Ltd announced that it would increase the production capacity of epichlorohydrin (ECH) in Quarter 1 of 2025.. Key drivers for this market are: Growing Demand of Epoxy resin in Global Market, Increasing Availability of Bio-Based Glycerin For the Production of Bio Based Epichlorohydrin; Other Drivers. Potential restraints include: Growing Demand of Epoxy resin in Global Market, Increasing Availability of Bio-Based Glycerin For the Production of Bio Based Epichlorohydrin; Other Drivers. Notable trends are: Growing Demand of Epoxy Resin in Global Market.

The global Epichlorohydrin market stood at approximately 1884 thousand tonnes in 2024 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.52% during the forecast period until 2035.

The global epichlorohydrin market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand from key application sectors such as epoxy resins, synthetic glycerin, and epichlorohydrin rubber. While precise figures for market size and CAGR are not provided, industry reports suggest a market valued at approximately $3 billion USD in 2025, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5-7% from 2025-2033. This growth is fueled by several factors, including the expanding construction industry (driving demand for epoxy resins), the rise of bio-based products (increasing synthetic glycerin usage), and the ongoing development of advanced materials incorporating epichlorohydrin rubber. Regional growth varies, with Asia-Pacific, particularly China and India, expected to contribute significantly to the overall market expansion due to rapid industrialization and infrastructure development in these regions. However, stringent environmental regulations regarding volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions associated with epichlorohydrin production present a considerable restraint. Major players like Dow Chemical, Solvay, and Hanwha Chemical dominate the market, leveraging their established production capacities and technological expertise. The market is segmented based on purity levels (above 99.9%, 99.8%~99.9%, 99.5%~99.8%) and applications, reflecting the diverse range of end-use industries. Future growth will depend on technological advancements in manufacturing processes to improve efficiency and reduce environmental impact, alongside the continued growth of the downstream industries which consume epichlorohydrin. The forecast period (2025-2033) will likely see continued consolidation within the industry, with larger players acquiring smaller companies to enhance their market share and global reach. Innovation in sustainable epichlorohydrin production methods and the development of novel applications will also shape market dynamics.

Dive into Market Research Intellect's Epichlorohydrin Market, valued at USD 450 billion in 2024, and forecast to reach USD 700 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 6.5% from 2026 to 2033.

Epichlorohydrin Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global epichlorohydrin market size was valued at USD 2.68 billion in 2024. The market is experiencing robust expansion and is projected to reach USD 4.23 billion by 2033, growing at a steady CAGR of 5.2% during the forecast period. This growth is primarily driven by the rising demand for epoxy resins across various industries, especially in automotive, electronics, and construction, coupled with the increasing adoption of bio-based epichlorohydrin as a sustainable alternative. As per our latest research, the market is witnessing a significant shift towards environmentally friendly production processes, which is further propelling market growth.

One of the primary growth factors for the epichlorohydrin market is its critical role as a precursor in the production of epoxy resins. Epoxy resins are extensively utilized in coatings, adhesives, composites, and electronic encapsulation, all of which are experiencing heightened demand due to rapid industrialization and infrastructure development worldwide. The automotive and aerospace sectors, in particular, are increasingly utilizing lightweight and high-strength epoxy composites to enhance fuel efficiency and performance, thereby driving the consumption of epichlorohydrin. Additionally, the growing need for corrosion-resistant coatings in marine and construction applications further contributes to market expansion.

Another significant factor fueling the growth of the epichlorohydrin market is the increasing emphasis on water treatment and environmental sustainability. Epichlorohydrin is a key raw material in the production of water treatment chemicals, which are vital for ensuring clean and safe water supplies in municipal and industrial settings. With stricter environmental regulations and rising concerns over water pollution, there is a notable surge in investments in water treatment infrastructure, particularly in emerging economies. This trend not only boosts the demand for epichlorohydrin but also encourages innovation in the development of more efficient and eco-friendly water treatment solutions.

Furthermore, the market is benefitting from technological advancements and the shift towards bio-based epichlorohydrin. Traditional petro-based production methods are being gradually replaced by bio-based processes that utilize renewable feedstocks such as glycerin derived from biodiesel production. This transition is supported by growing regulatory pressures to reduce carbon emissions and the environmental footprint of chemical manufacturing. As a result, several market players are investing in research and development to commercialize bio-based epichlorohydrin, which not only aligns with sustainability goals but also opens up new growth avenues in regions with abundant renewable resources.

Regionally, Asia Pacific dominates the global epichlorohydrin market, accounting for the largest share due to its strong manufacturing base, rapid urbanization, and expanding end-use industries. Countries such as China, India, and Japan are witnessing substantial investments in automotive, electronics, and construction sectors, all of which are key consumers of epichlorohydrin-derived products. North America and Europe are also significant markets, driven by technological innovation and stringent environmental regulations that encourage the adoption of bio-based alternatives. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa, while smaller in comparison, are expected to offer lucrative growth opportunities as industrialization and infrastructure development continue to advance in these regions.

Product Type Analysis

The product type segment of the epichlorohydrin market is bifurcated into bio-based epichlorohydrin and petro-based epichlorohydrin. Traditionally, petro-based epichlorohydrin has dominated the market, accounting for a significant share due to its established production processes and widespread availability of petroleum feedstocks. This variant is primarily produced through the chlorohydrin process using propylene, a derivative of crude oil. However, the environmental concerns associated with petro-based production, such as hazardous by-products and high carbon emissions, are prompting industry players to seek more sustainable alternatives.

In recent years, the market has observed a marked shift towards bio-based epichlorohydrin, which i

Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin Market Outlook

The global Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin market size was valued at approximately USD 1.8 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 2.9 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.2% during the forecast period. This growth is driven by several factors, including rising demand from the paper industry and water treatment applications. Advancements in manufacturing technology and increasing utilization in various end-use industries are further propelling market expansion.

One of the primary growth factors for the Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin market is the rising demand from the paper industry. The material's superior wet-strength properties make it an essential additive for the production of high-quality paper products. This is particularly significant in the packaging sector, which requires durable and robust materials to withstand various stresses. Additionally, the increasing trend towards sustainable packaging solutions is fostering growth in this segment, as Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin helps in achieving the desired strength without compromising recyclability.

The water treatment industry represents another significant growth driver for this market. Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin is widely used as a flocculant and coagulant in water treatment processes to enhance the removal of contaminants and improve water quality. With global water scarcity and the stringent regulations governing water treatment becoming more prevalent, the demand for efficient and effective treatment chemicals is on the rise. This increases the adoption of Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin in both industrial and municipal water treatment facilities.

Technological advancements and innovations in the production processes of Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin are also contributing to market growth. Enhanced production techniques have led to the development of high-performance resins that offer better efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This has expanded the application range of these materials, making them suitable for various industrial applications such as adhesives and textiles. Moreover, the growing awareness of sustainability and the need for eco-friendly solutions are pushing manufacturers to develop bio-based alternatives, further supporting market growth.

Regionally, Asia Pacific holds the largest share of the Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin market and is expected to maintain its dominance during the forecast period. This is attributed to the rapid industrialization and urbanization in countries like China and India, which are leading to increased demand in the paper and water treatment industries. North America and Europe are also significant markets due to their well-established industrial sectors and stringent environmental regulations that necessitate the use of efficient treatment chemicals.

Product Type Analysis

The Polyamide Polyamine Epichlorohydrin market is segmented by product type into Wet-Strength Resins, Dry-Strength Resins, and Others. Wet-Strength Resins hold a substantial share of the market due to their extensive use in the paper industry. These resins are designed to impart wet strength to paper products, making them suitable for packaging and other applications where durability is essential. The growing demand for high-quality, durable packaging solutions is driving the adoption of wet-strength resins, especially in the food and beverage sector.

Dry-Strength Resins also play a crucial role in the market. These resins enhance the dry strength of paper products, making them suitable for applications that require high tensile strength and durability. The increasing adoption of dry-strength resins in the printing and packaging industries is driven by the need for high-performance materials that can withstand mechanical stresses during printing and handling. Innovations in resin formulations are further expanding their application range, providing new growth opportunities in the market.

The "Others" segment includes various specialty resins designed for specific applications. These resins cater to niche markets and are developed to meet specific performance requirements. For instance, certain resins are formulated to offer enhanced adhesive properties, making them suitable for applications in the adhesives industry. The continuous development of new formulations and the ability to customize resins for specific applications are driving growth in this segment.

Epichlorohydrin Market Outlook

The global epichlorohydrin market size was estimated at USD 2.1 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach approximately USD 3.8 billion by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.8% over the forecast period. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for epoxy resins, which are extensively used in various industries such as construction, electronics, and automotive, as well as the rising application of epichlorohydrin in the production of water treatment chemicals.

One of the primary growth factors driving the epichlorohydrin market is the expanding automotive industry. Automotive manufacturers utilize epichlorohydrin in the production of various automotive components, particularly those requiring high-performance materials such as epoxy resins. As the global automotive sector continues to grow due to rising consumer demand, higher disposable incomes, and advancements in automotive technology, the demand for epichlorohydrin is expected to increase correspondingly. Additionally, the shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) is accelerating the use of lightweight and high-strength materials, further propelling the demand for epoxy resins and, by extension, epichlorohydrin.

Another key factor contributing to market growth is the increasing investment in infrastructure development across various regions. With governments and private sector players focusing on infrastructure enhancement, the construction industry is witnessing a significant surge. Epichlorohydrin, being a crucial component in the production of epoxy resins, plays a vital role in the construction industry for applications like coatings, adhesives, and composites. The rising construction activities, especially in developing economies, are expected to bolster the demand for epichlorohydrin during the forecast period.

The growing awareness and stringent regulations regarding water quality and pollution control are also pivotal to the market's expansion. Epichlorohydrin is a key ingredient in manufacturing water treatment chemicals, which are essential for purifying water and maintaining water quality standards. The increasing need for clean water, coupled with stringent environmental regulations, is driving the demand for effective water treatment solutions, thereby fueling the demand for epichlorohydrin. Additionally, advancements in water treatment technologies are expected to create further opportunities for market growth.

Regionally, the Asia Pacific is expected to dominate the epichlorohydrin market during the forecast period. This dominance can be attributed to rapid industrialization, significant infrastructure development, and the presence of major end-use industries such as automotive, construction, and electronics in countries like China, India, and Japan. The increasing investments in these sectors, coupled with favorable government policies and economic growth, are anticipated to augment the demand for epichlorohydrin. Furthermore, the region's growing population and urbanization trends are likely to create substantial opportunities for market growth.

Application Analysis

The application segment of the epichlorohydrin market encompasses resins, water treatment chemicals, pharmaceuticals, adhesives, and others. Among these, the resin segment holds a significant share owing to the extensive use of epichlorohydrin in the production of epoxy resins. Epoxy resins are in high demand across various industries such as construction, automotive, and electronics due to their superior mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and adhesive strength. The increasing adoption of epoxy resins in the construction sector for applications like coatings and adhesives, along with the rising demand from the automotive industry for lightweight and high-performance materials, is driving the growth of the resin segment.

The water treatment chemicals segment is also projected to witness substantial growth during the forecast period. Epichlorohydrin is a vital component in the production of water treatment chemicals like flocculants and coagulants, which are essential for removing impurities from water and ensuring water quality. The growing concerns regarding water pollution, along with stringent environmental regulations, are propelling the demand for effective water treatment solutions. Additionally, the increasing need for clean and safe drinking water in developing regions is expected to boost the demand for water treatment chemicals, thereby driving the growth of the epichlorohydrin market in this segment.

The global S-Epichlorohydrin market size was valued at USD XX million in 2025 and is projected to expand at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period, reaching USD XX million by 2033. The market growth is attributed to the increasing demand for L-carnitine and atrovastatin, which are key derivatives of S-epichlorohydrin. The pharmaceutical industry is a major end-use sector for S-epichlorohydrin, and the growing demand for these drugs is expected to drive market growth. Additionally, the increasing use of S-epichlorohydrin in the production of epoxy resins and other specialty chemicals is also contributing to market expansion. Key market trends include the growing adoption of bio-based S-epichlorohydrin, which is more environmentally friendly than traditional production methods. The increasing demand for S-epichlorohydrin in emerging economies, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, is also driving market growth. However, the market is facing challenges due to the stringent regulatory framework governing the production and use of S-epichlorohydrin. The chemical is classified as a hazardous substance, and its production and use are subject to strict environmental regulations.

The Epichlorohydrin market, currently valued at approximately $2 billion in 2025, is experiencing robust growth, projected to maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 5% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven primarily by the increasing demand for epoxy resins, a key application of epichlorohydrin. Epoxy resins find widespread use in various industries, including construction (adhesives, coatings), automotive (composites, coatings), and electronics (printed circuit boards). The growth in these end-use sectors is directly fueling the epichlorohydrin market's expansion. Furthermore, advancements in epichlorohydrin production technologies, leading to improved efficiency and reduced environmental impact, are contributing positively to market growth. However, fluctuating raw material prices and stringent environmental regulations pose potential challenges to sustained growth. Competition among established players like Grasim Industries, Aditya Birla Chemicals, Hexion, and Sumitomo Chemical, alongside regional players, further shapes market dynamics. The market is segmented based on application (epoxy resins, glycerol, other), and regional analysis likely shows strong growth in Asia-Pacific driven by significant industrial expansion in countries like China and India. The forecast period (2025-2033) anticipates continued market expansion, although the rate of growth may fluctuate based on global economic conditions and the pace of innovation in related industries. The presence of numerous players ensures a competitive landscape, with companies focusing on product diversification, capacity expansion, and strategic partnerships to secure market share. The market's future depends on ongoing technological advancements, the development of sustainable production methods, and the ability of key players to navigate regulatory hurdles and fluctuating raw material costs. Sustained growth in construction, automotive, and electronics sectors will continue to be a major driver of demand for epichlorohydrin. Recent developments include: In August 2022, OCIM Sdn. Bhd. and KUMHO P&B CHEMICALS., INC. partnered to manufacture epichlorohydrin in Malaysia. The annual production capacity of the plant is 100 KTPA. The ECH will be mainly used to produce epoxy resins using bio-based raw materials., In March 2022, Grasim Industries Limited (India) and Aditya Birla Chemicals (Thailand) Pvt. Ltd announced that it would increase the production capacity of epichlorohydrin (ECH) in Quarter 1 of 2025.. Key drivers for this market are: Growing Demand of Epoxy resin in Global Market, Increasing Availability of Bio-Based Glycerin For the Production of Bio Based Epichlorohydrin; Other Drivers. Potential restraints include: Growing Demand of Epoxy resin in Global Market, Increasing Availability of Bio-Based Glycerin For the Production of Bio Based Epichlorohydrin; Other Drivers. Notable trends are: Growing Demand of Epoxy Resin in Global Market.

The Global Epichlorohydrin Market size was valued at USD 2.47 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 3.57 billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.4 % during the forecasts period. This growth is primarily attributed to the increasing demand for epoxy resins and other downstream products. Epoxy resins find wide applications in protective coatings, adhesives, and composites, contributing to the robust market growth. Epichlorohydrin, is an organochlorine compound and an epoxide, notable for its use in the production of epoxy resins and rubbers. Despite its name, it is not a halohydrin. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, garlic-like odor, moderately soluble in water, but miscible with most polar organic solvents. Epichlorohydrin is a chiral molecule generally existing as a racemic mixture of right-handed and left-handed enantiomers. This highly reactive electrophilic compound is used in various industrial applications, including the manufacturing of glycerol, plastics, epoxy glues, resins, epoxy diluents, and elastomers. The traditional manufacturing process of epichlorohydrin starts from allyl chloride and involves two steps, beginning with the addition of hypochlorous acid, followed by treatment with base to give the epoxide. Globally, epichlorohydrin's production has been significant, with advancements aiming to develop more ecologically sound processes, such as using biorenewable glycerin-based methods.