Agricultural land (sq. km) in Ethiopia was reported at 385950 sq. Km in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Agricultural land (sq. km) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Surface area (sq. km) in Ethiopia was reported at 1136240 sq. Km in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Surface area (sq. km) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Ethiopia Land Use: Land Area: Arable Land and Permanent Crops data was reported at 185,950.000 sq km in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 184,761.000 sq km for 2020. Ethiopia Land Use: Land Area: Arable Land and Permanent Crops data is updated yearly, averaging 145,130.000 sq km from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2021, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 185,950.000 sq km in 2021 and a record low of 104,490.000 sq km in 1998. Ethiopia Land Use: Land Area: Arable Land and Permanent Crops data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Use: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Ethiopia Land Use: Total Area data was reported at 1,136,240.000 sq km in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,136,240.000 sq km for 2021. Ethiopia Land Use: Total Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1,136,242.500 sq km from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2022, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,136,244.000 sq km in 2015 and a record low of 1,104,300.000 sq km in 2003. Ethiopia Land Use: Total Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Use: Non OECD Member: Annual.

EN.POP.DNST. Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. The World Bank’s ESG Data Draft dataset provides information on 17 key sustainability themes spanning environmental, social, and governance categories.

Ethiopia ET: Urban Land Area data was reported at 5,166.716 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 5,166.716 sq km for 2000. Ethiopia ET: Urban Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 5,166.716 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,166.716 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 5,166.716 sq km in 2010. Ethiopia ET: Urban Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area in square kilometers, based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Population density (people per sq. km of land area) in Ethiopia was reported at 111 sq. Km in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Population density (people per sq. km) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Ethiopia: Land area in sq. km: The latest value from 2022 is 1128571 sq. km, unchanged from 1128571 sq. km in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 673036 sq. km, based on data from 191 countries. Historically, the average for Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 is 1081431 sq. km. The minimum value, 1000000 sq. km, was reached in 1993 while the maximum of 1128631 sq. km was recorded in 2007.

Agricultural land area of Ethiopia rose by 0.31% from 384,761 sq. km in 2020 to 385,950 sq. km in 2021. Since the 1.80% upward trend in 2011, agricultural land area leapt by 6.25% in 2021. Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.

Ethiopia Land Use: Land Area: Other data was reported at 574,777.100 sq km in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 570,913.000 sq km for 2021. Ethiopia Land Use: Land Area: Other data is updated yearly, averaging 576,321.150 sq km from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2022, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 615,222.300 sq km in 2004 and a record low of 500,835.000 sq km in 2003. Ethiopia Land Use: Land Area: Other data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Use: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Ethiopia ET: Surface Area data was reported at 1,104,300.000 sq km in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,104,300.000 sq km for 2016. Ethiopia ET: Surface Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1,221,900.000 sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2017, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,221,900.000 sq km in 1992 and a record low of 1,104,300.000 sq km in 2017. Ethiopia ET: Surface Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.; ; Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.; Sum;

Ethiopia ET: Rural Land Area data was reported at 1,117,893.375 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,117,893.375 sq km for 2000. Ethiopia ET: Rural Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1,117,893.375 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,117,893.375 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 1,117,893.375 sq km in 2010. Ethiopia ET: Rural Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural land area in square kilometers, derived from urban extent grids which distinguish urban and rural areas based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Algeria is the biggest country in Africa, with an area exceeding 2.38 million square kilometers as of 2020. The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan follow with a total area of around 2.34 million and 1.88 million square kilometers, respectively. On the other hand, Seychelles is the smallest country on the continent, with an area of only 460 square kilometers. Overall, Africa’s total area exceeds 30 million square kilometers, being the second largest continent in the world after Asia. Nigeria and Ethiopia lead the ranking of the most populated countries in Africa.

How have the African countries been formed?

The political geography of Africa has been influenced by its colonial history. Between the 19th and 20th Century, the European colonizers have divided up Africa. The partition of the territories was merely driven by strategic purposes: Borders between countries were artificially created in the absence of a geographic border. Following the decolonization, most countries gained their independence in the second half of the 1900s. The newest country in Africa is South Sudan, which became independent in 2011.

Africa's physical geography

Geographically, the African continent is mostly constituted by plains and tablelands. Inner plateaus are prevalent in the sub-Saharan region. In the center-north, the arid Sahara Desert extends for around nine million square kilometers, being the largest subtropical desert in the world. The continent also has some of the biggest water basins worldwide, namely the Nile, Congo, and Niger rivers. East Africa has, instead, the highest summit on the continent, the Kilimanjaro. Peaking at 5,895 meters, the mountain dominates Tanzania’s landscape and attracts thousands of climbers each year.

Ethiopia ET: Land Area data was reported at 1,000,000.000 sq km in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,000,000.000 sq km for 2016. Ethiopia ET: Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1,101,000.000 sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2017, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,101,000.000 sq km in 1992 and a record low of 1,000,000.000 sq km in 2017. Ethiopia ET: Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.; ; Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.; Sum;

Ethiopia ET: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data was reported at 0.000 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 sq km for 2000. Ethiopia ET: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. Ethiopia ET: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area below 5m is the total urban land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Study area We conducted our study in the woreda (district) of Arsi-Negele, located in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. The study area covers about 100 km2 between 38°42.14' - 38°49.92' E and 7°15.05' - 7°22.57' N. It borders the state forest of Munesa, and encompasses parts of the three kebeles (sub-districts) of Ashooka, Bombaso Regi and Gambelto, in which a total of six villages were studied. Altitudes here range between 1,970 and 2,200 m above sea level. The climate is sub-humid, characterized by a mean annual rainfall of 1,075 mm per year (18-year average) and a mean annual temperature of 15°C (16-year average). The study area is characterized by bimodal rainfalls, with a short rainy season from March to May, and a long rainy season from July to September. The natural vegetation is classified as dry afromontane forest (Tesfaye, 2007). Wheat (Triticum sp. L.), maize (Zea mays L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) are the primary crops under cultivation. Most farmers keep livestock in the form of cattle, sheep, goats, and donkeys. The Sida Malkatuka village and Dikitu Shirke village (in Ashooka kebele) border the state forest of Munesa and form a zone referred to as the ‘high tree cover’ zone in the rest of the paper (Fig. 1). Households in the high tree cover zone use the Munesa forest for fuel and livestock feed (Baudron et al. 2017). A second zone of medium tree cover encompasses Gogorri Lako Toko village (in Ashooka kebele) and Kararu Lakobsa Lama village (in Bombaso Regi kebele) and is located about 5.5 km away from Munesa forest (Fig. 1). Households from the medium tree cover zone make extensive use of a large communal grazing area for fuel and feed (Baudron et al. 2017). A third zone of low tree cover encompasses the villages of Shodna and Belamu (in Gambelto kebele) and is located about 11 km away from Munesa forest (Fig. 1). Households in the low tree cover zone lack access to common grazing or forest areas (Baudron et al. 2017). Land use classification and agricultural productivity Contemporary land cover was determined using RapidEye imagery (5-meter resolution) from January 2015 and land was classified into five basic classes: cropland/bare soil, grassland, natural forest, plantations/woodlots, and enset homegardens, following the method described in Baudron et al. (2017). We defined a class ‘tree cover’ by merging the classes ‘natural forest’ and ‘plantations/woodlots’. To relate our findings to different proxies of productivity, we interviewed the head of each household in the study area between December 2014 and February 2015. A total of 266 households were interviewed (88 in the high tree cover zone, 97 in the medium tree cover zone, and 81 in the low tree cover zone) using a standardized questionnaire addressing crop, livestock, and household fuel management. A farm typology was delineated based on self-categorization exercises conducted in each zone, and a stratified subsample of nine farms was selected in each zone (27 farms in total) for which resource flow maps (i.e., maps of each farm showing the flows of resources between components in the farm and to and from the farm) and resource use calendars were produced (Geifus 2008; Giller et al. 2011). In addition, the area of each field was measured using a hand-held global positioning system (GPS) Garmin Etrek 10. Empirical measurements of daily fuel consumption were conducted in nine of these 27 farms (one farm per type and per zone, selected randomly) once in March 2015 and once in August 2015). Crop productivity per zone was calculated by dividing the total quantity of grain, tuber and fresh product harvested in the zone (from interview data) by the area of the zone, and multiplying this by the USDA’s specific standard value of dry matter content (https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search). Feed productivity per zone was calculated by estimating the total biomass consumed by livestock in the zone and dividing it by the area. For each zone, the total biomass consumed by livestock was estimated by converting livestock numbers into Tropical Livestock Units (TLU), using a value of 250 kg live weight for one TLU (Houérou and Hoste 1977), and by assuming a daily feed intake of 5 kg DM TLU-1 (i.e., 2% of live weight). Oxen and bulls were assumed to be equivalent to 1.1 TLU, cows to 0.8 TLU, steers and heifers to 0.5 TLU, calves to 0.2 TLU, sheep and goats to 0.09 TLU, and donkeys to 0.36 TLU (Gryseels 1988). The total biomass consumed by livestock in a particular zone was then allocated between the zone itself (biomass consumed within the village), Munesa forest, and purchased feed, using resource use calendars. Fuel productivity per zone was calculated by estimating the total biomass used as household fuel in the zone and dividing it by the area. For eac... Visit https://dataone.org/datasets/sha256%3A4dd977fa44123a50320e0abff1abcbc7709a3d8f1d1a48539540fb16a5e3172d for complete metadata about this dataset.

Éthiopie: Agricultural land, sq. km.: Pour cet indicateur, La Banque mondiale fournit des données pour la Éthiopie de 1961 à 2021. La valeur moyenne pour Éthiopie pendant cette période était de 468365 sq. km. avec un minimum de 304490 sq. km. en 1998 et un maximum de 595300 sq. km. en 1972.

Ethiopia Land Cover: Bare Area: Consolidated Bare Areas data was reported at 5.678 sq km th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.705 sq km th for 2018. Ethiopia Land Cover: Bare Area: Consolidated Bare Areas data is updated yearly, averaging 5.782 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.796 sq km th in 2015 and a record low of 5.678 sq km th in 2019. Ethiopia Land Cover: Bare Area: Consolidated Bare Areas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Ethiopia ET: Population Density: People per Square Km data was reported at 104.957 Person/sq km in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 102.403 Person/sq km for 2016. Ethiopia ET: Population Density: People per Square Km data is updated yearly, averaging 42.197 Person/sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2017, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 104.957 Person/sq km in 2017 and a record low of 20.591 Person/sq km in 1961. Ethiopia ET: Population Density: People per Square Km data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.; ; Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank population estimates.; Weighted average;

Wheat production in Ethiopia is vital for improving food security, boosting the national economy, and achieving self-sufficiency in food consumption. The present study aims to assess the potential land suitability for rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production by using Geographic Information System and multi criteria decision analysis in southwestern parts of Ethiopia. Biophysical data, including land use and land cover (LULC), soil drainage, soil texture, soil depth, proximity to markets and roads, land surface temperature, slope, rainfall, and elevation, were used. In addition, different software tools, such as ArcGIS 10.3, ERDAS Imagine 2015, IDRISI Selva 17, and ArcSWAT were applied. The results revealed that approximately 177.1 km² (1.3%) of the study area was classified as highly suitable, 5375.2 km² (38.2%) as moderately suitable, 7,246.0 km² (51.5%) as marginally suitable, and 1235.1 km² (8.8%) as currently not suitable for rainfed wheat cultivation. Furthermore, out of the 23 districts analyzed, Sayo Nole and Bedelle Zuriya were identified as highly suitable for wheat production, with an area of 32.7km2 and 23.3km2 respectively. Therefore, the study recommends that future study research investigate additional other ecological parameters, such as soil PH, lime, gypsum, salinity, alkalinity and socio-economic data, which were not included in the present study.