Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is a measure of economic production, which takes the entire output of a national economy during a year and divides it by the population of that country. In the European Union, Luxembourg, Ireland, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Austria come out on top as the countries which produced the most per capita in 2024. Europe's richest countries benefit from multinational companies Many criticisms have been made of using GDP per capita as away to judge a country's economic wealth in recent years, as global capital flows have come to distort the statistics and to give a warped impression of different countries' wealth. This is most notably the case for Ireland and for Luxembourg, which while certainly high-income countries, have experienced dramatic booms in their GDP over the past two decades due to the accounting practices of the large multinational corporations which have their European headquarters in these member states, such as Facebook and Apple in Dublin, and Amazon in Luxembourg. Will the poorest countries converge towards the EU average? At the bottom of the list, two of the most recent member states of the EU, Romania and Bulgaria, come last in terms of GDP per capita. Whether these countries will be able to capitalize on their relatively low-wages to spur economic growth and experience the convergence towards the older member states of the union shown by countries such as Estonia, Czechia, and Lithuania, remains a pressing issue for these poorer member states.

This dataset provides values for GDP PER CAPITA PPP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

This dataset provides values for GDP PER CAPITA reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The average for 2023 based on 44 countries was 44137.65 U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Monaco: 256580.52 U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Ukraine: 5069.7 U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Key information about European Union GDP Per Capita

• European Union Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capita reached 38,454.191 USD in Dec 2021, compared with 34,402.825 USD in Dec 2020.
• EU GDP Per Capita data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1999 to Dec 2021, with an average number of 33,135.176 USD.
• The data reached an all-time high of 38,454.191 USD in Dec 2021 and a record low of 16,892.743 in Dec 2000.
• CEIC calculates GDP per Capita from quarterly Nominal GDP and annual Population and converts it into USD. Eurostat provides Nominal GDP in EUR and Population. Federal Reserve Board average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. European Union stands for EU27 excluding UK.

• In the latest reports, EU GDP expanded 1.264 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• EU Nominal GDP reached 4,140.452 USD bn in Dec 2022.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 6.144 % in Dec 2022.
• Gross Savings Rate of EU was measured at 25.835 % in Dec 2022.

The average for 2024 based on 42 countries was 32055.08 U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 103909.19 U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Ukraine: 2219.04 U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2024 based on 27 countries was 35380.71 U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 103909.19 U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Bulgaria: 10089.92 U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

This statistic displays the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in purchasing power standards (PPS) in the European Union (EU-28) in 2017, by country. In relation to the EU28 average set at 100 PPS, the gross domestic product of Luxembourg in the year 2017 was *** PPS.

Between 1900 and 1950, Scandinavian countries saw the largest growth in GDP per capita in Europe, more than doubling between 1913 and 1950. In comparison, growth rates were much lower in Western Europe, and lower still in East-Central Europe. From 1913 (the year before the First World War) until the end of the Second World War's recovery period in 1950, Western Europe's GDP per capita grew by just 43 percent, while East-Central Europe's figure increased by just 26 percent.

The indicator is calculated as the ratio of real GDP (GDP adjusted for inflation) to the average population of a specific year, where GDP is expressed in millions and population is expressed in thousands. Real GDP is published without decimals. GDP measures the value of the total final output of goods and services produced by an economy within a certain period of time. It includes goods and services that have markets (or which could have markets) and products which are produced by general government and non-profit institutions. It is a measure of economic activity and is commonly used as a proxy for the development in a country’s material living standards. However, it is not a complete measure of economic welfare. For example, GDP does not include most unpaid household work. Neither does GDP take account of negative effects of economic activity, like environmental degradation.

In the 16 years leading up to the First World War, the growth of GDP per capita varied across Europe, from growth rates of just six percent in the Netherlands, to 37 percent in Denmark. Of the major powers, France and Germany experienced the largest growth in this period, at 32 percent growth each, while Britain's growth was roughly half of this. It is important to remember, that the GDP per capita, along with economic development and industrialization, varied across Europe in this time period. For these reasons, Central and Eastern Europe had a higher overall GDP per capita growth rate than Western Europe, although Western Europe was much more advanced due to where its economy was in 1897.

GDP (gross domestic product) reflects the total value of all goods and services produced less the value of goods and services used for intermediate consumption in their production. Expressing GDP in PPS (purchasing power standards) eliminates differences in price levels between countries, and calculations on a per capita basis allows for the comparison of economies significantly different in absolute size. Expressed in million euro, euro per capita, and in million purchasing power standards.

The volume index of GDP per capita in Purchasing Power Standards (PPS) is expressed in relation to the European Union average set to equal 100. An index value above 100 indicates that a country's GDP per capita is higher than the EU average, while a value below 100 signifies that it is lower. This index is often used to compare the economic well-being of populations. However, GDP includes certain components and transactions that are arguably less relevant to measuring a household's current material well-being. PPS is the technical term used by Eurostat to denote a common currency that eliminates the differences in price levels between countries allowing meaningful comparisons. PPS values are derived by dividing a country's economic aggregates in national currency by the respective PPPs. Data are primarily intended for cross-country comparisons rather than for comparisons over time.

Graph and download economic data for Gross Domestic Product Per Capita for the European Union (NYGDPPCAPCDEUU) from 1960 to 2024 about EU, Europe, per capita, and GDP.

European Union GDP Per Capita: EU 28 data was reported at 30,900.000 EUR in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 30,000.000 EUR for 2017. European Union GDP Per Capita: EU 28 data is updated yearly, averaging 24,600.000 EUR from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2018, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30,900.000 EUR in 2018 and a record low of 15,200.000 EUR in 1995. European Union GDP Per Capita: EU 28 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.A013: ESA 2010: Eurostat: GDP: GDP per Capita.

In 1950, at the end of the recovery period that followed the Second World War, GDP per capita across the Eastern Bloc varied greatly by country. Czechoslovakia, the most industrialized country in the Bloc after East Germany, had a GDP per capita that was 69 percent of the rate across Western European** countries. In contrast, Romania's GDP per capita was less than a quarter of the Western European average in 1950. 1950-1989 Generally speaking, Eastern European economies grew faster and made gains on those of the west (not including Mediterranean region) in the 1950s and 1960s, however, a series of recessions and increasing debts meant that this gap widened in the 1970s and 1980s. By 1989, as communism in Europe came to an end, the difference between overall GDP per capita in the Eastern and Western Blocs returned to a similar rate as in 1950, although it varied by country. The Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and Poland, three of the larger economies of those given, had a lower share of western GDP per capita in 1989 than in 1950, while the smaller economies of the Balkans saw an increase. 1989-2000 Between 1989 and 2000, the European Union's GDP per capita grew faster than in the former Eastern Bloc countries. However, the end of communism did negatively impact EU economies in the early 1990s. Poland was the only Eastern Bloc country to make gains on the west in these years, although this was more to do with its poor economy in the 1980s. The former-Soviet states, in particular, saw GDP per capita drop below one-quarter of the European Union's rate over this decade, as post-Soviet economic recovery did not realistically begin until the late 1990s.

In 2025, Luxembourg was the country with the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world. Of the 20 listed countries, 13 are in Europe and five are in Asia, alongside the U.S. and Australia. There are no African or Latin American countries among the top 20. Correlation with high living standards While GDP is a useful indicator for measuring the size or strength of an economy, GDP per capita is much more reflective of living standards. For example, when compared to life expectancy or indices such as the Human Development Index or the World Happiness Report, there is a strong overlap - 14 of the 20 countries on this list are also ranked among the 20 happiest countries in 2024, and all 20 have "very high" HDIs. Misleading metrics? GDP per capita figures, however, can be misleading, and to paint a fuller picture of a country's living standards then one must look at multiple metrics. GDP per capita figures can be skewed by inequalities in wealth distribution, and in countries such as those in the Middle East, a relatively large share of the population lives in poverty while a smaller number live affluent lifestyles.

Key information about European Union Nominal GDP

• European Union Nominal GDP reached 4,141.8 USD bn in Dec 2022, compared with 4,002.8 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Nominal GDP in EU is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1999 to Dec 2022, with an average number of 3,579.7 USD bn.
• The data reached an all-time high of 4,357.5 USD bn in Jun 2008 and a record low of 1,739.3 USD bn in Dec 2000.

• In the latest reports, EU GDP expanded 1.7 % YoY in Dec 2022.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 6.2 % in Dec 2022.
• EU GDP Per Capita reached 38,451.0 USD in Dec 2021.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 26.0 % in Dec 2022.
• For Nominal GDP contributions, Investment accounted for 24.3 % in Dec 2022.
• Public Consumption accounted for 22.2 % in Dec 2022.
• Private Consumption accounted for 51.8 % in Dec 2022.

European Union - Real GDP per capita was EUR29280.00 in December of 2023, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for European Union - Real GDP per capita - last updated from the EUROSTAT on October of 2025. Historically, European Union - Real GDP per capita reached a record high of EUR29300.00 in December of 2022 and a record low of EUR22580.00 in December of 2000.

EU:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductBased on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) Per Capita GDP: Constant Prices data was reported at 37,574.780 PPP 2011 Intl $ in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 36,676.830 PPP 2011 Intl $ for 2016. EU:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductBased on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) Per Capita GDP: Constant Prices data is updated yearly, averaging 29,083.946 PPP 2011 Intl $ from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2017, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37,574.780 PPP 2011 Intl $ in 2017 and a record low of 21,181.800 PPP 2011 Intl $ in 1981. EU:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductBased on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) Per Capita GDP: Constant Prices data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund - World Economic Outlook. The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Aggregate: Euro Area and European Union – Table EU.IMF.WEO: Gross Domestic Product: European Union (EU28).