This statistic shows the total population of the European Union from 2010 to 2023. The population is based on data from the most recent census adjusted by the components of population change produced since the last census, or based on population registers. At the beginning of 2023, the total population of the European Union amounted to approximately 448.38 million inhabitants. See figures for the total population by continent here. The global population The global population is rapidly increasing. Between 1990 and 2015, the global population has increased by around 2 billion people, and it is estimated to have increased by another 1 billion people by 2030. Asia is the continent in the world with the largest population, followed by Africa and Europe. Asia has the two most populous nations in the world: China and India. In 2014, the combined population in China and India amounted to more than 2.6 billion people. The total population in Europe is around 741 million people. As of 2014, about 10.2 percent of the global population lived in Europe. Europe is the continent with the second highest life expectancy at birth in the world. Born in 2013, the average European was estimated to live for around 78 years. Stable economies as well as developing and emerging markets in Europe provide for good living conditions for foreign nationals; seven of the top twenty countries in the world with the largest gross domestic product in 2024 are located in Europe.

The population of Europe was estimated to be 742.2 million in 2023, an increase of around 2.2 million when compared with 2013. Over 35 years between 1950 and 1985, the population of Europe grew by approximately 157.8 million. But 35 years after 1985 it was estimated to have only increased by around 38.7 million. Since the 1960s, population growth in Europe has fallen quite significantly and was even negative during the mid-1990s. While population growth has increased slightly since the low of -0.07 percent in 1998, the growth rate for 2020 was just 0.04 percent.

Which European country has the biggest population? As of 2021, the population of Russia was estimated to be approximately 145.9 million and was by far Europe's largest country in terms of population, with Turkey being the second-largest at over 85 million. While these two countries both have territory in Europe, however, they are both only partially in Europe, with the majority of their landmasses being in Asia. In terms of countries wholly located on the European continent, Germany had the highest population at 83.9 million, and was followed by the United Kingdom and France at 68.2 million and 65.4 million respectively.

Characteristics of Europe's population There are approximately 386.5 million females in Europe, compared with 361.2 million males, a difference of around 25 million. In 1950, however, the male population has grown faster than the female one, with the male population growing by 104.7 million, and the female one by 93.6 million. As of 2021, the single year of age with the highest population was 34, at 10.7 million, while in the same year there were estimated to be around 136 thousand people aged 100 or over.

As of 2023, Germany was the largest country in the European Union in terms of population. The central European country comprised almost one-fifth of the total population of the EU in that year, with France in second place with 15.19 percent, and Italy in third at 13.15 percent. While there are 27 member states of the European Union in total, approximately two-thirds of the population of the bloc is made up by the seven largest countries: Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Poland, Romania, and the Netherlands. Of the remaining 20 member states, no country makes up more than 3 percent of the EU's total population, with the smallest country, Malta, comprising just 0.12 percent of the total.

In 2024, Russia had the largest population among European countries at 144.8 million people. The next largest countries in terms of their population size were Turkey at 87.5 million, Germany at 84.5 million, the United Kingdom at 69.1 million, and France at 66.5 million. Europe is also home to some of the world’s smallest countries, such as the microstates of Liechtenstein and San Marino, with populations of 39,870 and 33,581 respectively. Europe’s largest economies Germany was Europe’s largest economy in 2023, with a Gross Domestic Product of around 4.2 trillion Euros, while the UK and France are the second and third largest economies, at 3.2 trillion and 2.8 trillion euros respectively. Prior to the mid-2000s, Europe’s fourth-largest economy, Italy, had an economy that was of a similar sized to France and the UK, before diverging growth patterns saw the UK and France become far larger economies than Italy. Moscow and Istanbul the megacities of Europe Two cities on the eastern borders of Europe were Europe’s largest in 2023. The Turkish city of Istanbul, with a population of 15.8 million, and the Russian capital, Moscow, with a population of 12.7 million. Istanbul is arguably the world’s most famous transcontinental city with territory in both Europe and Asia and has been an important center for commerce and culture for over two thousand years. Paris was the third largest European city with a population of 11 million, with London being the fourth largest at 9.6 million.

Population ages 15-64, female in European Union was reported at 142262868 Persons in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. European Union - Population ages 15-64, female - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age <5 data was reported at 19,869.135 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 20,377.728 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age <5 data is updated yearly, averaging 22,025.936 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22,816.506 Person th in 2010 and a record low of 19,869.135 Person th in 2023. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age <5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G001: Eurostat: Population.

This statistic shows the population growth in the EU member states in 2023, by country. In 2023, the population of Luxembourg grew by approximately 2.02 percent compared to the previous year. See the total EU population figures for more information.

European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Female: Age <5 data was reported at 9,681.857 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9,929.527 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Female: Age <5 data is updated yearly, averaging 10,728.981 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,111.888 Person th in 2010 and a record low of 9,681.857 Person th in 2023. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Female: Age <5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G002: Eurostat: Population: by Sex.

European Union Population: EA 20: Age 50 to 54 data was reported at 25,025.751 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25,349.949 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EA 20: Age 50 to 54 data is updated yearly, averaging 25,301.169 Person th from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25,550.019 Person th in 2021 and a record low of 25,025.751 Person th in 2023. European Union Population: EA 20: Age 50 to 54 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G001: Eurostat: Population.

Population, male (% of total population) in European Union was reported at 48.91 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. European Union - Population, male (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

With over 16.4 million foreign persons residing in Germany in 2023, the country had the highest number of foreign-born people living in its territory among the 27 Member States of the European Union. Followed by France with around 8.9 million and Spain at over eight million.

Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.

Population ages 55-59, male (% of male population) in European Union was reported at 7.2451 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. European Union - Population ages 55-59, male (% of male population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

The annual population growth in the European Union increased by 0.4 percentage points (+1000 percent) in 2023. Therefore, the population growth in the European Union reached a peak in 2023 with 0.47 percent. Nevertheless, the last two years recorded a significantly lower population growth than the preceding years.Population growth refers to the annual change in population, and is based on the balance between birth and death rates, as well as migration.

European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age 5 to 9 data was reported at 22,342.857 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 22,369.512 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age 5 to 9 data is updated yearly, averaging 22,542.298 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23,602.387 Person th in 2000 and a record low of 22,285.139 Person th in 2010. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age 5 to 9 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G001: Eurostat: Population.

European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Male: Age 40 to 44 data was reported at 15,332.175 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15,388.264 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Male: Age 40 to 44 data is updated yearly, averaging 16,056.261 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,019.319 Person th in 2008 and a record low of 15,332.175 Person th in 2023. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Male: Age 40 to 44 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G002: Eurostat: Population: by Sex.

European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age 55 to 59 data was reported at 32,231.216 Person th in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 32,063.853 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age 55 to 59 data is updated yearly, averaging 29,275.699 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32,231.216 Person th in 2023 and a record low of 23,015.564 Person th in 2000. European Union Population: EU 27 excl UK: Age 55 to 59 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G001: Eurostat: Population.

Graph and download economic data for Employment to Population Ratio for the European Union (SLEMPTOTLSPZSEUU) from 1991 to 2023 about EU, employment-population ratio, Europe, employment, and population.

European Union Population: EA 20: Age <5 data was reported at 15,168.979 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15,478.181 Person th for 2022. European Union Population: EA 20: Age <5 data is updated yearly, averaging 15,627.253 Person th from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,078.680 Person th in 2013 and a record low of 15,168.979 Person th in 2023. European Union Population: EA 20: Age <5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.G001: Eurostat: Population.

Access to electricity (% of population) in European Union was reported at 100 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. European Union - Access to electricity (% of population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.