The price of emissions allowances (EUA) traded on the European Union's Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) exceed 100 euros per metric ton of CO₂ for the first time in February 2023. Although average annual EUA prices have increased significantly since the 2018 reform of the EU-ETS, they fell ** percent year-on-year in 2024 to ** euros. What is the EU-ETS? The EU-ETS became the world’s first carbon market in 2005. The scheme was introduced as a way of limiting GHG emissions from polluting installations by putting a price on carbon, thus incentivizing entities to reduce their emissions. A fixed number of emissions allowances are put on the market each year, which can be traded between companies. The number of available allowances is reduced each year. The EU-ETS is now in its fourth phase (2021 to 2030). Carbon price comparisons The EU ETS has one of the highest average annual carbon prices worldwide, averaging ** U.S. dollars as of April 2025. In comparison, prices for UK ETS carbon credits averaged 57 U.S. dollars during same period, while those under the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) in the United States averaged just ** U.S. dollars.

The average closing spot price of European Emission Allowances (EUAs) has increased notably since reforms were made to the EU ETS in 2018. In 2022, the average closing spot price of CO₂ EUAs increased by roughly ** percent to **** euros per metric ton of CO₂.

EU Carbon Permits rose to 75.98 EUR on September 26, 2025, up 0.29% from the previous day. Over the past month, EU Carbon Permits's price has risen 5.18%, and is up 14.55% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for EU Carbon Permits.

Prices for EU Carbon Permits including live quotes, historical charts and news. EU Carbon Permits was last updated by Trading Economics this September 27 of 2025.

The average annual price of European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) allowances fell ** percent year-on-year in 2024, to ** euros. Still, EU ETS carbon allowances are forecast to rise to almost *** euros by the end of the decade. Each EU ETS emissions allowance (EUA) gives the holder the right to emit one metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent.

The cost of UK ETS carbon permits (UKAs) was around *** GBP in February 2023, but prices have fallen considerably since then. Prices on January 16, 2025 were just ***** GBP, down ** percent from the same date the previous year. Formerly part of the EU ETS, the UK launched its own cap-and-trade system in 2021 following Brexit. Why has the UK’s carbon price fallen? Several factors have contributed to falling UK carbon prices, including mild winter weather and reduced power demand, as well as a surplus of carbon allowances on the market. While prices have recovered marginally from the record lows, they remain markedly below carbon prices on the EU ETS. The low cost of UK carbon permits has raised concerns that it could deter investment in renewable energy. Future of UK ETS The UK ETS covers emissions from domestic aviation and the industry and power sectors, amounting to some ** percent of the country’s annual GHG emissions. There are plans to expand the system over the coming years to cover CO₂ venting by the upstream oil and gas sector, domestic maritime emissions, and energy from waste and waste incineration. The UK is also looking to introduce a carbon border adjustment mechanism, which would place a carbon price on certain emissions-intensive industrial goods imported to the UK.

Simulated EUA daily settlement prices and derived effective averages for EUAs and CBAM certificates. Used Phase IV data (2021-2024H1) to estimate parameters for the underlying SDE. Spanning 65 days (1 quarter) for each simulation. Number of cases different for each simulation.

Introduction to external factors influencing EUA prices.

The national carbon emission quota (CEA) trading price published by the Shanghai Environment and Energy Exchange was selected for China’s carbon market. The sample period spanned from July 16, 2021, to August 23, 2023, consisting of 512 observations. For the European carbon market, the trading prices of ECX-EUA from the European Climate Exchange were used, covering the period from August 6, 2021, to August 23, 2023, also comprising 512 observations.

This dataset and accompanying Python code support the empirical study titled "From Biofuel Illusions to Systemic Risk Pricing: Reimagining Carbon Markets for Real Climate Mitigation." The project investigates whether investor sensitivity to carbon price risk changes under different market conditions—particularly during transitions between low- and high-volatility regimes. The goal is to uncover nonlinear dynamics in climate-related financial risk using regime-switching models.

The study leverages monthly equity returns for major European energy and industrial firms, simulated market index data (CAC 40), and historical carbon futures price data (ICE EUA). A Markov Regime-Switching (MRS) model is applied to estimate separate beta coefficients across volatility regimes.

This repository includes:

• ✅ Cleaned and aligned data for each firm and market series (CSV)

• ✅ Carbon Emissions Futures dataset processed to monthly returns

• ✅ Simulated CAC 40 market returns (CSV)

• ✅ carbon.py: Python script to reproduce the analysis in Google Colab or locally

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

Eurasia Mining (EUA): A Mining Empire in the Making?

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

Supplementary raw data on EUA prices, electricity prices and electricity consumption for EU countries.

Graph and download economic data for All-Transactions House Price Index for Eau Claire County, WI (ATNHPIUS55035A) from 1977 to 2024 about Eau Claire County, WI; Eau Claire; WI; HPI; housing; price index; indexes; price; and USA.

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

Is LON:EUA Stock Expected to Go Up? (Stock Forecast)

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

Eggs US fell to 1.33 USD/Dozen on September 26, 2025, down 11.76% from the previous day. Over the past month, Eggs US's price has fallen 37.91%, and is down 42.14% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Eggs US.

Graph and download economic data for All-Transactions House Price Index for Eau Claire, WI (MSA) (ATNHPIUS20740Q) from Q2 1983 to Q2 2025 about Eau Claire, WI, appraisers, HPI, housing, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

AI-powered price forecasts for EUA.L stock across different timeframes including weekly, monthly, yearly, and multi-year predictions.

Graph and download economic data for Regional Price Parities: Services: Housing for Eau Claire, WI (MSA) (RPPSERVERENT20740) from 2008 to 2023 about Eau Claire, PPP, WI, rent, services, price, and USA.

Os preços de importação YoY nos Estados Unidos aumentaram para 0 por cento em agosto, de -0,20 por cento em julho de 2025. Esta página inclui um gráfico com dados históricos para os Preços de Importação nos EUA em termos anuais.