The EUR/USD exchange rate rose to 1.1618 on October 10, 2025, up 0.46% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD has weakened 0.98%, but it's up by 6.24% over the last 12 months. Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The euro-to-dollar exchange rate fluctuated significantly in 2022, reaching its lowest recorded value since 2008 during that time. Figures were different later in the year, however, with a rate of 1.16 USD recorded at the end of October 9, 2025. The average (standardized) measure is based on the calculation of many observations throughout the period in question. It is therefore different from an annual measure at a point, which reflects concrete values as of end of the year.EstablishmentThe euro, which was established in 1992, introduced in non-physical form in 1999 and finally rolled out in 2002, is used by 19 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of countries is otherwise known as the eurozone or euro area. By 2018, the total value of euro currency in circulation was almost 1.2 trillion euros, or over 3.4 thousand euros per capita.Euro to USDBetween 2001 and 2008, the average annual exchange rate of the euro to the U.S. dollar noted a steep increase. In 2008, the euro to U.S. dollar annual average exchange rate was equal to 1.47, which meant that one euro could buy 1.47 U.S. dollars. By 2019, this value had decreased overall, to a value of 1.12 which meant that one euro could buy 1.12 U.S. dollars. Similar dynamics in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate were also reflected in the monthly exchange rate recently.

Russia MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Baseline Scenario data was reported at 1.106 EUR/USD in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.076 EUR/USD for 2024. Russia MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Baseline Scenario data is updated yearly, averaging 1.091 EUR/USD from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2025, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.183 EUR/USD in 2021 and a record low of 1.046 EUR/USD in 2023. Russia MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Baseline Scenario data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Forecast – Forecast of The Social and Economic Development of The Russian Federation.

The official currency of Monaco is the Euro. EURO EXCHANGE RATE - EUR/USD - MONACO - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

Russia MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Conservative Scenario data was reported at 1.219 EUR/USD in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.206 EUR/USD for 2023. Russia MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Conservative Scenario data is updated yearly, averaging 1.197 EUR/USD from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2024, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.219 EUR/USD in 2024 and a record low of 1.140 EUR/USD in 2020. Russia MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Conservative Scenario data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Forecast – Forecast of The Social and Economic Development of The Russian Federation.

The official currency of Lithuania is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Lithuania - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

A graphic that displays the dollar performance against other currencies reveals that economic developments had mixed results on currency exchanges. The third quarter of 2023 marked a period of disinflation in the euro area, while China's projected growth was projected to go up. The United States economy was said to have a relatively strong performance in Q3 2023, although growing capital market interest rate and the resumption of student loan repayments might dampen this growth at the end of 2023. A relatively weak Japanese yen Q3 2023 saw pressure from investors towards Japanese authorities on how they would respond to the situation surrounding the Japanese yen. The USD/JPY rate was close to ***, whereas analysts suspected it should be around ** given the country's purchase power parity. The main reason for this disparity is said to be the differences in central bank interest rates between the United States, the euro area, and Japan. Any future aggressive changes from, especially the U.S. Fed might lower those differences. Financial markets responded somewhat disappoint when Japan did not announce major plans to tackle the situation. Potential rent decreases in 2024 Central bank rates peak in 2023, although it is expected that some of these will decline in early 2024. That said, analysts expect overall policies will remain restrictive. For example, the Bank of England's interest rate remained unchanged at **** percent in Q3 2023. It is believed the United Kingdom's central bank will ease its interest rate in 2024 but less than either the U.S. Fed or the European Central Bank. This should be a positive development for the pound compared to either the euro or the dollar.

The official currency of Ireland is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Ireland - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Conservative Scenario在2024达1.219EUR/USD，相较于2023的1.206EUR/USD有所增长。MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Conservative Scenario数据按每年更新，2020至2024期间平均值为1.197EUR/USD，共5份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2024，达1.219EUR/USD，而历史最低值则出现于2020，为1.140EUR/USD。CEIC提供的MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Conservative Scenario数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation，数据归类于Russia Premium Database的Forecast – Forecast of The Social and Economic Development of The Russian Federation。

The official currency of Portugal is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Portugal - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The official currency of Italy is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Italy - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Baseline Scenario在2025达1.106EUR/USD，相较于2024的1.076EUR/USD有所增长。MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Baseline Scenario数据按每年更新，2020至2025期间平均值为1.091EUR/USD，共6份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2021，达1.183EUR/USD，而历史最低值则出现于2023，为1.046EUR/USD。CEIC提供的MED Forecast: FX Rate: Annual Average: US Dollar/EUR: Baseline Scenario数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation，数据归类于Russia Premium Database的Forecast – Forecast of The Social and Economic Development of The Russian Federation。

The official currency of France is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - France - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The price of one euro reached approximately 102.16 Russian rubles on average in May 2025, having marked a decrease compared to the previous month. The exchange rate of the U.S. dollar to the Russian ruble also declined relative to April 2025.

Key information about Spain Exchange Rate against USD

• Spain Exchange Rate against USD averaged 0.920 (USD/EUR) in May 2023, compared with 0.912 USD/EUR in the previous month.
• Spain Exchange Rate against USD data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to May 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 1.173 in Oct 2000 and a record low of 0.234 in Mar 1957.

• In the latest reports, Spain Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: EURIBOR: 3 Months was reported at -0.573 % pa in Nov 2021.
• Its Long Term Interest Rate (Long Term Interest Rate: Month Avg: Spain: ECB Harmonised) was reported at 3.410 % pa in May 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Main Refinancing Operations) was set at 3.750 % pa in May 2023.

The official currency of Germany is the Euro. Euro Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - Germany - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

In 2024, the average exchange rate from euro to Singapore dollar amounted to approximately 1.45, meaning that one euro could buy 1.45 Singapore dollars. The exchange rate experienced a significant decline in 2022, and remained stable in the past three years.

Key information about Germany Foreign Exchange Reserves

• Germany Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 36.7 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with 35.2 USD bn in the previous month
• Germany Foreign Exchange Reserves: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1957 to Jan 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 114.6 USD bn in Sep 1992 and a record low of 1.3 USD bn in Apr 1959

• In the latest reports, Germany Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 0.3 Months of Import in Dec 2024.
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 4,046.9 USD bn YoY in Dec 2024.
• Germany Domestic Credit reached 6,397.0 USD bn in Nov 2024, representing an drop of 2.2 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 1.2 % in Dec 2022, compared with the ratio of 1.1 % in the previous year.
• Household Debt of Germany reached 50.3 % in Sep 2024, accounting for 50.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP.