The benchmark interest rate In the Euro Area was last recorded at 2.15 percent. This dataset provides - Euro Area Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Analysis of ‘Banks balance sheet - Growth rates of loans from euro area households and non-financial corporations’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/bank-balance-sheet-loans-growth-rates on 10 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Monetary financial institution balance sheet statistics, growth rates of total loans to euro area households and non-financial corporations, as well as to euro area insurance corporations and pension funds and to other financial intermediaries (all currencies combined, all maturities, not seasonally adjusted, annual percentage changes).

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

The value of outstanding loans to non-financial corporations in the euro area has remained quite stable between early 2023 and July 2024. Meanwhile, the value of adjusted loans outstanding to non-financial corporations in January 2020 was roughly 4.58 billion euros. The interest rates on business loans in the Eurozone increased considerably in 2022 and 2023.

In June 2024, the European Central Bank (ECB) began reducing its fixed interest rate for the first time since 2016, implementing a series of cuts. The rate decreased from 4.5 percent to 3.15 percent by year-end: a 0.25 percentage point cut in June, followed by additional reductions in September, October, and December. The central bank implemented other cuts in early 2025, setting the rate at 2.4 percent in April 2025. This marked a significant shift from the previous rate hike cycle, which began in July 2022 when the ECB raised rates to 0.5 percent and subsequently increased them almost monthly, reaching 4.5 percent by December 2023 - the highest level since the 2007-2008 global financial crisis. How does this ensure liquidity? Banks typically hold only a fraction of their capital in cash, measured by metrics like the Tier 1 capital ratio. Since this ratio is low, banks prefer to allocate most of their capital to revenue-generating loans. When their cash reserves fall too low, banks borrow from the ECB to cover short-term liquidity needs. On the other hand, commercial banks can also deposit excess funds with the ECB at a lower interest rate. Reasons for fluctuations
The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability. The Euro area inflation rate is, in theory, the key indicator guiding the ECB's actions. When the fixed interest rate is lower, commercial banks are more likely to borrow from the ECB, increasing the money supply and, in turn, driving inflation higher. When inflation rises, the ECB increases the fixed interest rate, which slows borrowing and helps to reduce inflation.

Mortgage interest rates in Europe soared in 2022 and remained elevated in the following two years. In many countries, this resulted in mortgage interest rates across the region more than doubling. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the average mortgage interest rate in the UK stood at 4.5 percent. Belgium had the lowest rate, at 2.89 percent, while Poland had the highest, at 7.5 percent. Why did mortgage interest rates increase? Mortgage rates have risen as a result of the European Central Bank (ECB) interest rate increase. The ECB increased its interest rates to tackle inflation. As inflation calms, the ECB is expected to cut rates, which allows mortgage lenders to reduce mortgage interest rates. What is the impact of interest rates on home buying? Lower interest rates make taking out a housing loan more affordable, and thus, encourage home buying. That can be seen in many countries across Europe: In France, the number of residential properties sold rose in the years leading up to 2021, and fell as interest rates increased. The number of houses sold in the UK followed a similar trend.

United States BoP: Euro Area: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data was reported at 1.706 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -26.018 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States BoP: Euro Area: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 502.000 USD mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 42.735 USD bn in Dec 2006 and a record low of -69.678 USD bn in Dec 2015. United States BoP: Euro Area: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JB005: Balance of Payments: BPM6: Europe.

The global mortgage/loan brokerage market is experiencing robust growth, projected to maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Increasing demand for housing and commercial properties, coupled with the rising complexity of loan products, is driving consumers and businesses towards professional brokerage services. Technological advancements, such as online platforms and sophisticated loan comparison tools, are streamlining the process and making it more accessible, further boosting market penetration. The market is segmented by enterprise size (large, small, medium), loan type (home loans, commercial and industrial loans, vehicle loans, government loans, others), and end-user (businesses, individuals). The significant presence of major players like Bank of America, Royal Bank of Canada, and BNP Paribas, indicates a mature yet competitive landscape. However, regulatory changes and potential economic downturns pose challenges to consistent growth. The increasing adoption of fintech solutions and the expanding use of data analytics are reshaping the market, leading to greater efficiency and personalized services for clients. Growth is expected to be particularly strong in the Asia-Pacific region, driven by rapid urbanization and increasing disposable incomes. The continued growth in the mortgage/loan brokerage market hinges on addressing several key challenges. Maintaining consumer trust and protecting against fraud will be crucial. The industry must adapt to evolving regulatory environments and ensure compliance. Competition among established players and emerging fintech firms is intense, requiring continuous innovation and efficient operational models. Furthermore, effective management of risk, particularly during economic uncertainty, is essential for sustained growth and profitability. The successful brokers will be those that effectively leverage technology, build strong client relationships, and demonstrate a deep understanding of the evolving regulatory landscape. The market's diverse segmentation provides opportunities for specialized services catering to specific loan types and customer segments. Strategic partnerships with lenders and fintech companies will play a critical role in expanding market reach and enhancing service offerings. Recent developments include: In November 2022, Following the acquisition of Exane by the largest lender in the eurozone last year, BNP Paribas is extending its operation in the United States., In August 2022, For first-time homebuyers, Bank of America introduced a new mortgage option that includes a bank-provided down payment and no closing expenses. In specific Black/African American and/or Hispanic-Latino areas in Charlotte, Dallas, Detroit, Los Angeles, and Miami, the Community Affordable Loan Solution is offered in designated markets. In order to help qualified individuals and families buy a home, the Community Affordable Loan SolutionTM was created.. Notable trends are: Digitization is changing the future of Mortgage.

The Monetary Intermediation industry has experienced a significant change in recent years. It previously contended with the ultra-low interest rate environment following the financial crisis of 2008 and is now benefitting from aggressive rate rises in the face of spiralling inflation. Industry revenue is expected to grow at a compound annual rate of 12.2% over the five years through 2024 to €392.4 billion, including an estimated growth of 3.7% in 2024, while the average industry profit margin is anticipated to be 34.3%. The rising base rate environment allowed lenders to raise the interest charged on their loans, ratcheting up interest income in the two years through 2023 and supporting revenue growth. This was particularly beneficial to retail investors who earn a large chunk of their revenue from lending. However, banks must also contend with rising deposit costs, as customers put pressure to pass on greater savings rates in the rising base rate environment, threatening profitability. Revenue is expected to grow at a compound annual rate of 1.2% over the five years through 2029 to €415.5 billion, while the average industry profit margin is forecast to reach 36.3%. Challenger banks are set to chip away at demand for traditional lenders as they emphasise the customer experience and personalised services. Profitability will also be hit by intensifying deposit competition in the coming years.

The Loan Origination Solution market is projected to grow from $4133.3 million in 2025 to $11022.0 million by 2033, at a CAGR of 13.9% during the forecast period. The growth of the market is attributed to the increasing demand for digital lending solutions, the growing adoption of cloud-based loan origination systems, and the rising need for streamlined and efficient loan origination processes. The key drivers of the Loan Origination Solution market include the increasing demand for digital lending solutions, the growing adoption of cloud-based loan origination systems, and the rising need for streamlined and efficient loan origination processes. The major restraints of the market include the high cost of implementation and the lack of awareness about the benefits of loan origination solutions. The key trends in the market include the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning in loan origination, the growing popularity of mobile lending, and the emergence of new regulations governing the lending industry. The market is segmented by type, application, and region. By type, the market is segmented into on-demand (cloud) and on-premise. By application, the market is segmented into banks, credit unions, mortgage lenders & brokers, and others. By region, the market is segmented into North America, South America, Europe, Middle East & Africa, and Asia Pacific. North America is the largest region in the market, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific.

United States BoP: Euro Area: FA: Assets: Oth: Trade Credit & Advances data was reported at -454.000 USD mn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -767.000 USD mn for Dec 2017. United States BoP: Euro Area: FA: Assets: Oth: Trade Credit & Advances data is updated quarterly, averaging -101.000 USD mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.382 USD bn in Mar 2016 and a record low of -2.109 USD bn in Jun 2009. United States BoP: Euro Area: FA: Assets: Oth: Trade Credit & Advances data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JB005: Balance of Payments: BPM6: Europe.

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Europe Commercial Real Estate Market Size 2025-2029

The europe commercial real estate market size is forecast to increase by USD 91.4 billion at a CAGR of 5.7% between 2024 and 2029.

The European commercial real estate market is experiencing significant growth, with increasing private investments fueling the expansion. This trend is driven by the region's robust economic conditions and the attractiveness of European markets to global investors. However, the market's growth trajectory is not without challenges. Rising interest rates pose a threat to potential investors, increasing the cost of borrowing and potentially reducing the appeal of commercial real estate investments. Additionally, regulatory hurdles and supply chain inconsistencies temper growth potential, necessitating careful planning and strategic navigation. Despite these challenges, opportunities abound for companies seeking to capitalize on the market's momentum. By staying informed of regulatory changes and supply chain developments, and maintaining a strong understanding of market trends, businesses can effectively navigate these challenges and seize growth opportunities in the European commercial real estate market.

What will be the size of the Europe Commercial Real Estate Market during the forecast period?

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In Europe's commercial real estate market, environmental impact assessments are increasingly important in property development, as sustainability becomes a key consideration. Real estate consulting firms provide valuable insights through property appraisals and predictive modeling, helping investors make informed decisions. Zoning regulations and planning permissions shape the landscape for asset management, while green certifications offer competitive advantages. Flexible workspaces, such as serviced and coworking spaces, are on the rise, catering to the changing needs of businesses. Energy audits and facility management ensure efficient operations, reducing costs and enhancing tenant satisfaction. Lease administration, tenant screening, and property valuations are essential components of effective asset management. Real estate analytics and property listings enable data-driven insights, driving transaction advisory services. Construction management and project management are crucial for delivering high-quality buildings, while virtual offices provide flexibility for remote teams. Property marketing and maintenance round out the essential services for successful real estate investments.

How is this market segmented?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments. TypeRentalLeaseSalesEnd-userOfficesRetailLeisureOthersEnd-UserCorporateInvestmentGovernmentLocationUrbanSuburbanGeographyEuropeFranceGermanyItalyUK

By Type Insights

The rental segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Commercial real estate in Europe encompasses various sectors, including rental, office buildings, industrial properties, residential, and retail spaces. Debt financing plays a crucial role in the market, with mortgage lending and equity financing facilitating property transactions. Logistics facilities are in high demand due to the growth of e-commerce, necessitating infrastructure development and urban planning. ESG factors are increasingly influencing investment decisions, with a focus on energy efficiency, green building, and property technology. Building Information Modeling (BIM) and big data analytics are transforming property management and due diligence. Occupancy rates and rental yields remain essential indicators of market health, with vacancy rates impacting property values. Urban regeneration and mixed-use developments are shaping cityscapes, while market volatility and real estate cycles pose risks. Artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and smart building technologies are revolutionizing property management and investment strategies. Despite the robust leasing market and rising rents, investment markets exhibit caution due to economic uncertainties and finance rates. Office rental growth, particularly in the UK, Benelux markets, and peripheral Europe, accelerated in the third quarter of 2022, increasing annual growth to over 5%. However, buyers remain hesitant to pay earlier price levels, impacting capital markets and property values. Risk management and portfolio diversification are essential strategies for navigating these evolving trends.

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The Rental segment was valued at USD billion in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Market Dynamics

Our researchers analyzed the data with 2024 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challeng

Europe's Collection Agencies and Credit Bureaux industry has contended with numerous challenges in recent years. Lending activity has been muted as businesses became cautious about borrowing in the face of turbulent economic conditions and rising interest rates, draining the pool of debt available for collection. Revenue is expected to fall at a compound annual rate of 3.8% over the five years through 2024 to €19.6 billion, including an estimated decline of 3.2% in 2024. In recent years, the industry has witnessed a significant transformation driven by digitalisation. Collection agencies and credit bureaux embraced digital platforms and automation tools to streamline processes, enhance data analysis efficiency and improve consumer communication. The integration of AI and alternative credit scoring models has revolutionised credit assessment practices, offering more inclusive evaluation methods and personalised debt collection strategies. The adoption of blockchain technology for secure data management has also gained traction, promising enhanced data security and transparency across operations. Revenue is slated to mount at a compound annual rate of 2.7% over the five years through 2029 to €22.5 billion, while profit is also expected to edge upwards. Looking ahead, Europe's collection agencies and credit bureaux are poised for further evolution and innovation. Expanding alternative data sources for credit assessment will provide more comprehensive credit profiles and improve risk assessment accuracy. Companies will also continue to integrate blockchain technology for secure data management, offering increased data security, fraud prevention and operational efficiencies.

Access to finance of small and medium enterprises.
Topics: development of the following indicators in the last six months: turnover, profit, profit margin, level of debt, cash flow, investment, level of exports, research and development, market share; existence of a development plan for the next three years; most important element to ensure the company’s development: better qualified people on the market, social and fiscal regulations more suited to the sector of activity, greater production capacity, easy access to means of financing, stricter regulation regarding competition from outside the EU, advice and support service for the development of the company; use of selected types of financing in the past: overdraft, leasing or renting, discount or factoring, increase in capital dedicated to venture capital funds or to private individuals, loans shorter or longer than a 3-year term, public subsidies; approximate amount of last loan; recent request for a loan less than 25000 €; needs to be met by this loan; assessment of the difficulties to obtain a loan less than 25000 € compared to other forms of company’s financing; most important elements to resort a loan less than 25000 €: lower interest rates, simpler procedures for granting loans, less demanding on guarantee requirements, shorter delays for granting loans; assessment of the current financing of the company as sufficient; institutions contacted to obtain financing: banks, public institutions, private financing companies, leasing or renting companies, venture capital companies, private investors; expectations regarding the increase of the company’s capital within the next years; measures to increase the company’s capital: opening-up capital to private individual investors or to venture capital companies, management buy-out, going on the stock exchange, opening-up capital to the company’s employees; assessment of the access to bank loans as easy; assessment of the development of the impediments to access bank loans compared to a few years ago; reasons that impede obtaining a bank loan compared to a few years ago: interest rates are too high, banks request too much information, loan granting procedures are too long, administrative side of the loan application is very demanding; approval of the following statements: loan is needed to conclude projects, unsuitable offers from banks, risk-averseness of banks, banker understands specifics of the company’s sector, banker sufficiently supports the company in terms of its financing; assessment how the company’s needs regarding financial management are met internally; preferred sources of information on financing.

Demography: information about the company: number of employees, development of the number of employees since 2004; company size; main activity of the company; year of company establishment; shareholding of the company; turnover of the company in the own country in the last fiscal year.

Additionally coded was: country; respondent ID; language of the interview; weighting factor.

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Alternative Finance Market Size 2024-2028

The alternative finance market size is estimated to increase by USD 64.3 billion at a CAGR of 7.44% between 2023 and 2028. The key factor driving the market forward is the potential for higher returns for investors. Alternative finance channels offer significantly greater returns compared to traditional investment options like fixed deposits (FDs) or government bonds from conventional financial institutions. Another important contributor to market growth is the rapid expansion in the APAC region and the increasing focus on structured finance. Alternative finance platforms, such as P2P lending, crowdfunding, and invoice trading, are gaining traction in APAC, driven by the presence of numerous small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

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Alternative Finance Market Segmentation

The alternative finance market research report provides comprehensive data (region wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD Billion' for the period 2024 to 2028, as well as historical data from 2018 to 2022 for the following segments.

Type Outlook 

  P2P lending
  Crowdfunding
  Invoice trading





End-User Outlook

  Individual
  Organization





Region Outlook

  North America

    The U.S.
    Canada





  Europe

    The U.K.
    Germany
    France
    Rest of Europe





  APAC

    China
    India


  South America

    Chile
    Argentina
    Brazil





  Middle East & Africa

    Saudi Arabia
    South Africa
    Rest of the Middle East & Africa

By Type

The alternative financing market share growth in the segment of P2P lending will be significant during the forecast period. The P2P consumer lending sub-segment holds a major share of the P2P lending segment due to the growth in the number of online consumer lending platforms and the increasing use of technology in financial transactions. Some popular P2P lending platforms include LendingClub, Zopa, Bondora Capital, Prosper Marketplace, and Upstart Network. However, P2P lending is associated with a high risk of defaults as the loans are unsecured. Therefore, large investors usually maintain a spread portfolio of their investments. P2P lending is also associated with challenges such as platform failures, the risk of fraud, hacking, and data theft. These factors are expected to augment the demand of the P2P lending segment hence driving the growth of the market in focus during the forecast period.

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The P2P lending segment was valued at USD 123.70 billion in 2018. In this segment, P2P lending is similar to credit obtained from financial institutions. However, the funds are raised from one or more independent investors. P2P borrowers must make weekly or monthly repayments of the principal amount with interest. P2P lending is usually carried out through online platforms. Investors directly select businesses to fund, or the lending platforms provide the terms of credit. Some variations in the model allow investors to bid on loan amounts and interest rates through an online auction. P2P lending is popular among individual borrowers and SMEs, as small to medium-scale loans can be obtained easily. Several individuals opt for P2P loans for debt consolidation, which allows them to pay debts accrued from credit cards or loans from financial institutions.

By Region

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North America is estimated to contribute 70% to the global alternative financing market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional market growth and trends that shape the market during the forecast period. The growth of P2P lending and crowdfunding has increased significantly in North America. The increasing number of students, growing awareness about clearing personal debt, rising Internet penetration, technological advances, the rise of online trading platforms and finance platforms, and the presence of prominent companies are the major factors driving the market in North America. The number of SMEs has grown significantly in North America. Therefore, a growing number of SMEs in this region are boosting the growth in North America.

Alternative Finance Market Dynamics

The market is reshaping the landscape traditionally dominated by conventional big banks and regulated banks. Instead of relying solely on traditional finance systems, entrepreneurs and investors are increasingly turning to alternative lenders and innovative financial services solutions. Online lenders offer streamlined access to capital, while reward-based crowdfunding and equity-based crowdfunding present opp

The Security System Services industry has received a boost from European government security expenditure, an uptick in public and private sector demand, and high-profile events like the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, which pumped significant resources into modern alarm installations, AI surveillance and drone detection. Hiking crime rates across Europe, including spikes in theft and burglaries, have spurred both households and businesses to prioritise robust security, underpinning steady sales for providers. Overall, security systems revenue in Europe is projected to rise at a compound annual rate of 0.5% over the five years through 2025, including an estimated jump of 3% in 2025 to €22.7 billion. Innovative businesses like Verisure and Ajax Systems have improved their product offerings, bringing AI-enabled sensors, digital locks and highly responsive monitoring to a wider customer base. The industry’s focus on automation, integration and remote monitoring, supported by the proliferation of IoT devices, has redefined security provision and provided a platform for growth. The industry’s profit has remained steady amid recurring monitoring contracts, heightening sales from government and commercial clients and tech-driven efficiencies. Furthermore, strained police resources and EU policy initiatives to bolster public safety have allowed security system services to fill critical security gaps, particularly in retail and urban environments. Security system revenue in Europe is forecast to swell at a compound annual rate of 4.8% over the five years through 2030, reaching €28.8 billion. The European Commission forecasts modest yet reliable GDP growth and easing inflation across major markets like France, Italy and Spain, which should release pent-up consumer and commercial spending on security infrastructure. Sustained public investment in construction and critical infrastructure, backed by landmark EU projects and increased EIB lending, is set to drive installations of CCTV, access control and 24/7 monitoring in both new and refurbished sites. The integration of AI is expected to transform intrusion detection, alarm accuracy and monitoring services. As the industry leverages AI-powered solutions and subscription-based models, it’s likely to see both higher penetration and recurring revenue streams, even as competition and demand for end-to-end, compliant systems intensify.

The Direct Real Estate Activities industry have come up against numerous headwinds in recent years, ranging from the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 to the high base rate environment in the years since, which has inflated borrowing costs for potential buyers. This is a sharp contrast to the ultra-low interest environment seen over the decade following the 2008 financial crisis. Still, revenue is forecast to edge upwards at a compound annual rate of 0.6% over the five years through 2025 to €622.9 billion, including an anticipated rise of 0.8% in 2025. Despite weak revenue growth, profitability remains strong, with the average industry profit margin standing at an estimated 18.9% in 2025. Central banks across Europe adopted aggressive monetary policy in the two years through 2023 in an effort to curb spiralling inflation. This ratcheted up borrowing costs and hit the real estate sector. In the residential property market, mortgage rates picked up and hit housing transaction levels. However, the level of mortgage rate hikes has varied across Europe, with the UK experiencing the largest rise, meaning the dent to UK real estate demand was more pronounced. Commercial real estate has also struggled due to inflationary pressures, supply chain disruptions and rising rates. Alongside this, the market’s stock of office space isn’t able to satisfy business demand, with companies placing a greater emphasis on high-quality space and environmental impact. Properties in many areas haven't been suitable due to their lack of green credentials. Nevertheless, things are looking up, as interest rates have been falling across Europe over the two years through 2025, reducing borrowing costs and boosting the number of property transactions, which is aiding revenue growth for estate agents. Revenue is slated to grow at a compound annual rate of 4.5% over the five years through 2030 to €777.6 billion. Economic conditions are set to improve in the short term, which will boost consumer and business confidence, ramping up the number of property transactions in both the residential and commercial real estate markets. However, estate agents may look to adjust their offerings to align with the data centre boom to soak up the demand from this market, while also adhering to sustainability commitments.

The Recovery & Resilience Facility (RRF) is the key component of the European Union's NextGenEU economic recovery plan. The RRF gives funds directly to the EU member states in the form of loans and grants, with member states having requested funds through through their individual national recovery plans submitted during 2020. The RRF aims to help EU member states to recover economically after the COVID-19 pandemic, which had a severe negative impact on many European countries, both medically and financially. While the largest support packages were allocated to the large Southern European member states of Italy and Spain, due to the fact that they were the worst affected countries by the pandemic, when looking at the funds allocated in relation to the size of member states' economies, a different picture emerges. Greece, Romania, and Croatia all will receive funds as part of the RRF which are worth a greater share of their GDPs than the package which Italy will receive. The majority of funds overall come in the form of grants, meaning that member states have no repayment obligations to the EU, while a significant amount of funds for member states who are receiving relatively larger packages are made up by loans.

United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data was reported at 15.367 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.258 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging -204.000 USD mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 48.692 USD bn in Mar 2007 and a record low of -64.792 USD bn in Jun 2008. United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JB005: Balance of Payments: BPM6: Europe.

United States BoP: Other EU: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data was reported at 11.073 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -16.097 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States BoP: Other EU: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 538.000 USD mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.029 USD bn in Mar 2008 and a record low of -16.097 USD bn in Dec 2017. United States BoP: Other EU: FA: Assets: Oth: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JB005: Balance of Payments: BPM6: Europe.

United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Liabilities: Oth: Loans data was reported at 6.194 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 812.000 USD mn for Dec 2017. United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Liabilities: Oth: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 366.000 USD mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.344 USD bn in Jun 2004 and a record low of -54.736 USD bn in Mar 2003. United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Liabilities: Oth: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JB005: Balance of Payments: BPM6: Europe.