Key information about EU Public Consumption: % of GDP

• European Union Public Consumption accounted for 22.4 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a share of 21.0 % in the previous quarter.
• EU Public Consumption share of Nominal GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1995 to Dec 2024, with an average number of 20.7 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 23.9 % in Jun 2020 and a record low of 19.1 % in Sep 2007.

CEIC calculates Government Consumption as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Consumption Expenditure and quarterly Nominal GDP. Eurostat provides Government Consumption Expenditure in EUR and Nominal GDP in EUR. European Union stands for EU27 excluding UK.


Related information about EU Public Consumption: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, EU GDP expanded 1.0 % YoY in Mar 2023.
• EU Nominal GDP reached 4,430.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 6.5 % in Mar 2023.
• EU GDP Per Capita reached 38,468.8 USD in Dec 2021.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 25.7 % in Dec 2024.
• For Nominal GDP contributions, Investment accounted for 21.9 % in Dec 2024.
• Private Consumption accounted for 51.9 % in Dec 2024.

EU Unemployment Rate: Euro Area data was reported at 8.000 % in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.200 % for May 2018. EU Unemployment Rate: Euro Area data is updated monthly, averaging 9.000 % from Jan 1983 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 426 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.700 % in Feb 2013 and a record low of 7.200 % in Jul 2008. EU Unemployment Rate: Euro Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s EU – Table EU.G010: Eurostat: Unemployment Rate.

During the post-war economic boom, between the Second World War and the 1970s' recession, virtually all areas of Europe experienced significant economic growth. While this period is known as the "Golden Age of Capitalism" in Western Europe, communist countries in Eastern Europe (with socialist economic systems) generally experienced higher GDP growth rates in the 1950s and 1960s. Although most of these economies entered the period at a much less-developed stage than the likes of Britain, France, or West Germany, the Soviet model proved to be an economic success in these decades. Controlling the means of production The transition to communism across Eastern Europe saw the nationalization of most industries, as governments took control of the means of production in their respective countries. As much of Eastern Europe entered the period with relatively-low levels of industrialization compared to the west, this meant that governments could dictate the development of their manufacturing and retail industries. By the end of the 1960s, state-owned endeavors in Eastern Europe were responsible for over 95 percent of national income. Problems did arise, however, when states attempted to take control of the agricultural sector, as many of the families who owned the land were unwilling to part with it. Agriculture proved to be the only major industry not mostly owned by the state during Eastern Europe's communist era; in the long term, agriculture suffered due to the lack of government investment in such state-run economic systems. Variations There is a correlation between the sides taken during the Second World War and the speed of economic growth in each decade; the Allied nations of Czechoslovakia, Poland, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia all experienced faster economic growth in the 1950s; whereas the Axis nations of Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania saw faster growth in the 1960s. East Germany was the exception to this rule, as its economy was much more developed than other former-Axis powers. The speed of recovery in these countries was the largest contributor to variations in growth rates, although regional variations in governance did influence development in later years (particularly in Yugoslavia).

Graph and download economic data for Benchmarked Unit Labor Costs - Business Sector for the European Union (DISCONTINUED) (ULQBBU08EUA657S) from 1996 to 2010 about EU, unit labor cost, sector, Europe, business, and labor.

EU DK: RTCI: sa: NACE 2: Volume of Stock Currently Hold data was reported at 11.500 % Point in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.600 % Point for May 2018. EU DK: RTCI: sa: NACE 2: Volume of Stock Currently Hold data is updated monthly, averaging 11.050 % Point from May 2010 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 98 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.000 % Point in Oct 2011 and a record low of -6.600 % Point in May 2013. EU DK: RTCI: sa: NACE 2: Volume of Stock Currently Hold data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Commission's Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.DG ECFIN: Retail Trade Confidence Indicator: Seasonally Adjusted.

EU DK: CI: sa: General Economic Situation Over Last 12 Months data was reported at 22.400 % Point in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 18.700 % Point for May 2018. EU DK: CI: sa: General Economic Situation Over Last 12 Months data is updated monthly, averaging -1.950 % Point from Jan 1985 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 402 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.300 % Point in Mar 2006 and a record low of -53.900 % Point in Mar 2009. EU DK: CI: sa: General Economic Situation Over Last 12 Months data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Commission's Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.DG ECFIN: Consumer Confidence Indicator: Seasonally Adjusted.

Graph and download economic data for Active Population: Aged 15-64: All Persons for the European Union (LFAC64TTEUQ647S) from Q1 2005 to Q4 2019 about EU, 15 to 64 years, Europe, labor force, and labor.

European Union DS: EA: Short-Term (ST): Total Economy data was reported at 1,539,753.997 EUR mn in Jan 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,565,315.190 EUR mn for Dec 2024. European Union DS: EA: Short-Term (ST): Total Economy data is updated monthly, averaging 1,472,153.766 EUR mn from Dec 2020 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 50 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,607,922.882 EUR mn in Mar 2024 and a record low of 1,343,094.464 EUR mn in Jul 2022. European Union DS: EA: Short-Term (ST): Total Economy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Central Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.Z002: European Central Bank: Debt Securities: Euro Area Residents: Outstandings: Market Value.

Graph and download economic data for Benchmarked Unit Labor Costs - Business Sector for the European Union (DISCONTINUED) from Q1 1996 to Q1 2011 about EU, unit labor cost, sector, Europe, business, and labor.

Graph and download economic data for Benchmarked Unit Labor Costs - Business Sector for the OECD Europe (DISCONTINUED) (ULQBBU08OEA662N) from 1970 to 2010 about OECD Europe, unit labor cost, sector, Europe, business, and labor.

Key information about European Union Consumer Confidence Growth

• European Union Consumer Confidence gained 1.4 % Point in Feb 2025, compared with an increase of 1.4 % Point in the previous month.
• EU Consumer Confidence: YoY Change is updated monthly, available from Jan 1986 to Feb 2025, averaged at 0.6 % Point.
• The data reached an all-time high of 14.9 % Point in Apr 2021 and a record low of -24.9 % Point in Sep 2022.
• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of EU grew 2.3 % YoY in Dec 2024.

CEIC calculates monthly Consumer Confidence Change from monthly Consumer Confidence Indicator. European Commission's Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs provides Consumer Confidence Indicator with range from -100 to 100 with neutral point 0. Contribution of member-states data to EU-wide aggregate is weighted according to the country's private final consumption expenditure at constant prices. European Union stands for EU27 excluding UK.

Key information about European Union Consumer Confidence: Net Balance

• European Union Consumer Confidence: Net Balance recorded a drop of 22.4 % Point in Jan 2023, compared with a drop of 24.1 % points in the previous month.
• EU Consumer Confidence: Net Balance data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1985 to Jan 2023, with an averaged -9.2 % points.
• The data reached an all-time high of -1.9 % in May 2000 and a record low of -29.2 % in Sep 2022.

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Related information about European Union Consumer Confidence: Net Balance

• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of EU dropped 2.5 % YoY in Apr 2023.
• EU Consumer Confidence gained 7.7 % Point in Jun 2023.

EE: EU Budget: Revenue: Own Resources: Traditional data was reported at 27.315 EUR mn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 25.298 EUR mn for 2015. EE: EU Budget: Revenue: Own Resources: Traditional data is updated yearly, averaging 23.097 EUR mn from Dec 2007 (Median) to 2016, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 42.845 EUR mn in 2007 and a record low of 17.245 EUR mn in 2010. EE: EU Budget: Revenue: Own Resources: Traditional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Financial Programming and Budget. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.DG Financial Programming and Budget: European Union Budget.

Exports: EU 27E: Brazil: Other Chemicals & Related Products data was reported at 0.905 EUR bn in Nov 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.991 EUR bn for Oct 2024. Exports: EU 27E: Brazil: Other Chemicals & Related Products data is updated monthly, averaging 0.615 EUR bn from Jan 2002 (Median) to Nov 2024, with 275 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.525 EUR bn in Mar 2023 and a record low of 0.175 EUR bn in Feb 2004. Exports: EU 27E: Brazil: Other Chemicals & Related Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.JA028: Eurostat: Trade Statistics: By SITC: European Union: Brazil.

United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Financial Derivatives, Net data was reported at 2.315 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 871.000 USD mn for Dec 2017. United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Financial Derivatives, Net data is updated quarterly, averaging -262.000 USD mn from Jun 2006 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.121 USD bn in Mar 2008 and a record low of -4.850 USD bn in Jun 2010. United States BoP: Europe ex EU: FA: Financial Derivatives, Net data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JB005: Balance of Payments: BPM6: Europe.

European Union QS: EA: OC: Non Fin Corporations data was reported at -7,769.433 EUR mn in Jan 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of -3,640.517 EUR mn for Dec 2024. European Union QS: EA: OC: Non Fin Corporations data is updated monthly, averaging -1,545.909 EUR mn from Jan 2021 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46,623.970 EUR mn in Apr 2021 and a record low of -23,925.005 EUR mn in Dec 2022. European Union QS: EA: OC: Non Fin Corporations data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by European Central Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.Z003: European Central Bank: Quoted Shares: Euro Area Residents: Market Value.

European Union Trade Balance: swda: EU 27E: OC: Beverages and Tobacco data was reported at 0.056 EUR bn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.046 EUR bn for Nov 2024. European Union Trade Balance: swda: EU 27E: OC: Beverages and Tobacco data is updated monthly, averaging 0.027 EUR bn from Jan 2002 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 276 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.059 EUR bn in Apr 2023 and a record low of -0.003 EUR bn in Mar 2007. European Union Trade Balance: swda: EU 27E: OC: Beverages and Tobacco data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.JA022: Eurostat: Trade Statistics: By SITC: European Union: Oceania.

European Union Imports: swda: EU 27E: United States: Beverages and Tobacco data was reported at 0.182 EUR bn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.143 EUR bn for Nov 2024. European Union Imports: swda: EU 27E: United States: Beverages and Tobacco data is updated monthly, averaging 0.094 EUR bn from Jan 2002 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 276 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.182 EUR bn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 0.048 EUR bn in Feb 2021. European Union Imports: swda: EU 27E: United States: Beverages and Tobacco data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.JA050: Eurostat: Trade Statistics: By SITC: European Union: United States.

United States Imports: Services: EU: OB: TTR: Architectural & Engineering data was reported at 923.000 USD mn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.236 USD bn for 2015. United States Imports: Services: EU: OB: TTR: Architectural & Engineering data is updated yearly, averaging 1.190 USD bn from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.418 USD bn in 2014 and a record low of 579.000 USD mn in 2010. United States Imports: Services: EU: OB: TTR: Architectural & Engineering data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Economic Analysis. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JA048: Trade Statistics: Services: European Union.

European Union Trade Balance: EU 27E: Africa: Total data was reported at -1.178 EUR bn in Nov 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of -0.180 EUR bn for Oct 2024. European Union Trade Balance: EU 27E: Africa: Total data is updated monthly, averaging -0.369 EUR bn from Jan 2002 (Median) to Nov 2024, with 275 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.005 EUR bn in Apr 2016 and a record low of -6.272 EUR bn in Aug 2022. European Union Trade Balance: EU 27E: Africa: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.JA024: Eurostat: Trade Statistics: By SITC: European Union: Africa.