*************. is the largest company based in Europe by how many employees it has worldwide. The Irish-American IT services and consulting firm is based in Dublin, Ireland, although most of its employees are based elsewhere in the world. The company moved its headquarters from Bermuda to Ireland in the ***** in order to avail of low corporation tax rates, along with the access to EU markets which their Dublin HQ provides. Other large employers in Europe include the German giants of **********, *************, and *******, French companies such as ******, *********, and *********, as well as Russian firms such as *******, ******, and *********

Paris was Western Europe's largest city in 1650, with an estimated 400 thousand inhabitants, which is almost double it's population 150 years previously. In second place is London, with 350 thousand inhabitants, however it has grown by a substantially higher rate than Paris during this time, now seven times larger than it was in the year 1500. Naples remains in the top three largest cities, growing from 125 to 300 thousand inhabitants during this time. In the previous list, the Italian cities of Milan and Venice were the only other cities with more than one hundred thousand inhabitants, however in this list they have been joined by the trading centers of Lisbon and Amsterdam, the capital cities of the emerging Portuguese and Dutch maritime empires.

The United Kingdom appeared to have Europe's biggest B2C e-commerce market in 2021. UK consumers spent over *** billion euros on online purchases, roughly twice as much as their French counterparts, who ranked second. Germany was Europe's third-biggest online market, with a revenue of *** billion euros. This picture changes, however, when looking at the share of e-commerce within a country's GDP. Denmark, and Greece join the UK as countries where online shopping made up more than ***** percent of GDP. Mobile-driven shoppers Surely, the UK is an outlier in the European e-commerce, as data on the mobile segment attests. Latest rankings from 2021 indicated that mobile commerce represented ** percent of online retail sales in the United Kingdom, the highest percentage out of 19 countries in the European region. How does Europe prefer to pay online? Debit cards ranked as the most popular online payment method, while credit cards were preferred by nearly ********* of e-commerce users. When looking at the main card issuers, Visa and Mastercard were the leading payment card schemes in Europe, although with huge differences among countries.

As of March 2025, *** data centers were listed as being located in Germany, the most of any European nation. Data centers are facilities housing critical IT infrastructure designed to store, process, and manage vast volumes of data. The United States is home to the largest share of data centers worldwide, with over ***** facilities.

In 2024, the United Kingdom was the largest digital advertising market in Western Europe, accounting for ** percent of the spending. Germany and France followed, with ** percent and ** percent, respectively.

In 2020, Germany remained the largest population in the European Union with over 83 million inhabitants. Most European countries have a larger female than male population. Only in Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Serbia, and Sweden constitute men the majority of inhabitants. Germany had the largest population of both genders in Europe, with 42.1 million women and 41 million men.

In 2023 and the first half of 2024, the largest property sale in the data center real estate market in Europe was DATA4 Paris-Saclay in Paris. In April 2023, Brookfield bought the ****** square meter property from AXA for an undisclosed price. The most expensive sale was Digital Frankfurt I. The valuation of the site was *** million U.S. dollars and Digital Core REIT obtained **** percent from Digital Realty.

Berlin was the European city with the most office stock volume in 2022, followed by Paris, and Munich. Office floor space in the German capital amounted to approximately **** million square meters. Paris and Munich, on the other hand, had roughly **** and **** million square meters, respectively. London's office market is also not to be underestimated, with London City and West End alone totaling **** million square meters. Which is the most expensive office real estate market in Europe? With over ***** euros per square meter per year, Central London yielded the highest rent among European cities. Both Brexit and the coronavirus affected demand for office space in London, causing rents to stall in many of London's districts. Where are the lowest vacancy rates in Europe? One of the main signs that the office market is performing well is that vacancy rates remain low. Low vacancy rates encourage developers to build more offices, leading to the growth of the sector. The vacancy rates of prime offices - the best-in-class offices on the most desired locations - were the lowest Berlin, Luxembourg, and Hamburg in 2022.

Total assets is one of the main measures of a bank's prosperity. It is defined as all assets owned by a bank. This includes, but is not limited to cash and balances, loans and advances to banks and customers, as well as debt securities. At the end of 2024, HSBC Holdings was the leading European bank in terms of total assets, with close to ***** trillion U.S. dollars. In 2024, HSBC was also among the largest banks globally in terms of market capitalization. Market capitalization Rankings of banks can be constructed using a multitude of indicators. Frequently employed to determine the size of a bank, is market capitalization, or the total dollar market value of a company's or bank's outstanding shares. Market capitalization is calculated from the current market price of one share and the number of shares outstanding for a company. In 2024, HSBC topped the ranking of European banks based on market capitalization, with a market cap of over *** billion U.S. dollars. Largest digital banks in Europe Digital banks have surged in popularity over the past decade, attracting millions of customers with their convenient mobile interfaces, lower fees, and innovative financial products. In Europe, the largest digital bank is Revolut, with total assets exceeding ** billion euros in 2023. The UK-based digital bank reached the milestone of ** million users at the end of 2024, making it by far the largest European digital bank in terms of customer base.

In 2023, France and Germany were the largest insurance markets in Europe. However, France had a larger life insurance market and Germany led the way for non-life insurance. In that year, life insurance premiums written in France reached ****** billion euros.

The Port of Rotterdam was the largest container port in the European Union in 2022, handling roughly **** million TEUs worth of containers. The Port of Antwerp-Bruges, ranking second, processed about **** million TEUs of containers that year.

The initial public offering (IPO) of ***********, listed on the *********************, was the largest public offering in Europe in 2024. The IPO of the company was worth over *** billion euros. An initial public offering (IPO), also known as ‘going public’, is the company’s first stock sale to the public. The largest all-time IPO worldwide was worth more than ** billion euros.

There were estimated to be approximately ****** large enterprises operating in the ******************** in the European Union in 2024, the most of any industry sector for large businesses in this year.

Europe's digital banking landscape is dominated by UK-based neobanks, with ******* leading the pack. As of December 2024, ******* held assets exceeding ** billion euros, followed by Wise and Starling Bank, each with over ** billion euros in assets. This concentration of financial power in the UK's digital banking sector underscores the country's pivotal role in shaping the future of European fintech.

In 2023, London boasted the most extensive metro network in Europe of over *** kilometers in length. By comparison, the second-largest metro network, in the Spanish capital of Madrid, was around *** kilometers long – just over half the size of London’s metro system. The Tube The London Underground, also sometimes referred to as the Tube, makes up the majority of London’s metro network. It was the world’s first underground train line, opening in **** on what is today known as the Metropolitan Line. Today, the London Underground carries nearly *** billion passengers per year, about a third of all passengers traveling on Transport for London’s public transport services. Worldwide largest metro networks in China The longest metro network in the world can be found in China. Shanghai’s metro network extends to a length of *** kilometers and is closely followed by Beijing, which has a metro network measuring *** kilometers. London’s metro network only comes fourth in the global ranking, following Seoul in third place.

Among the nuclear reactors with the highest capacity in Europe, one was in Finland, one in Sweden, and the remaining were located in France. The largest nuclear energy reactor in Europe was Finland's Olkiluoto 3, which started operations in May 2023.

According to a ranking based on campaigns and companies most awarded for their effectiveness, the United Kingdom was Europe's most effective advertising market in 2024, with 550.8 points in the index score. Ukraine and Romania followed with 234.5 and 219.8 points, respectively. In 2025, the UK, Germany, and France were Europe's leading countries by ad spending. The hegemonic British ad industry The UK's ad market has dominated the European rankings for decades, standing consistently among the world's highest-spending and most influential advertising champions altogether. British ad media owners revenue was forecast to rise four percent to nearly 43.5 billion British pounds in 2024. That annual figure was also projected to grow by almost 11 percent in three years, surpassing 48 billion dollars by 2027. France, the continental ad powerhouse Home to two of the world's largest advertising holdings by revenue – Publicis and Havas – France maintains a solid reputation as a creative force. The country also saw an expansion in ad expenditure, outperforming its pre-pandemic results. In 2023, the French ad spend increased by 3.4 percent, exceeding 17.3 billion euros.

The wellness economy in Europe was estimated at a value of over 1.5 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. The biggest country market in Europe was Germany, which accounted for revenues of over 310 billion U.S. dollars in the wellness market.

In 2023, Germany was the leading producer of beer in Europe. German production amounted to over ** million hectoliters and was ********** the volume of production in Spain. Russian production was the second largest in Europe with ** million hectoliters. Beer production in the Americas Production across the Atlantic outpaced German production and U.S. breweries produced *** million barrels in 2023 (each holding **** hectoliters). Brazil and Mexico were the second and third largest producers of beer in the Americas. Both countries production in 2022 outpaced German production with *** million hectoliters and *** million hectoliters respectively. Beer production worldwide Chinese production numbers, however, dwarfed all other countries production numbers. In 2021, Chinese breweries produced over *** million hectoliters of beer. Chinese production was so significant, that production in Asia was larger than that in Europe and close to that of the Americas. The only producer in Africa with an output over ** million hectoliters was South Africa.

In 2022, according to data provided by StartupBlink the top city for startups in Europe was London with a total score of ******, followed by Paris and Berlin.