The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of November 2025. The following largest three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

Explore the dynamic Futures Trading Service market, projected to reach USD 25,000 million by 2025 with an 8.5% CAGR. Discover key drivers, trends like digital platforms, software solutions, and regional growth opportunities in this comprehensive market analysis.

The global Futures Trading Services market is booming, projected to reach $28 billion by 2033 with an 8% CAGR. This in-depth analysis explores market drivers, trends, restraints, and key players, including Daniels Trading, Saxo, and Tradovate. Discover regional breakdowns and insights into software-based and web-based futures trading.

Dividend-Per-Share Time Series for Cboe Global Markets Inc. Cboe Global Markets, Inc., through its subsidiaries, operates as an options exchange in the United States and internationally. It operates through six segments: Options, North American Equities, Europe and Asia Pacific, Futures, Global FX, and Digital. The Options segment trades in listed market indices. Its North American Equities segment trades in listed U.S. and Canadian equities. This segment also offers exchange-traded products (ETP) transaction and listing services. The Europe and Asia Pacific segment provides pan-European listed equities and derivatives transaction services, ETPs, exchange-traded commodities, and international depository receipts, as well as ETP listings and clearing services. Its Futures segment offers and trades in futures and other related products. The Global FX segment provides institutional foreign exchange (FX) trading and non-deliverable forward FX transactions services. Its Digital segment offers Cboe Digital, an operator of the United States based digital asset spot market and a regulated futures exchange; Cboe Clear Digital, a regulated clearinghouse; licensing of proprietary market data; and access and capacity services. It has strategic relationships with S&P Dow Jones Indices, LLC; Frank Russell Company; FTSE International Limited; and MSCI Inc. The company was formerly known as CBOE Holdings, Inc. and changed its name to Cboe Global Markets, Inc. in October 2017. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. was founded in 1973 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

Other-Long-Term-Liabilities Time Series for Cboe Global Markets Inc. Cboe Global Markets, Inc., through its subsidiaries, operates as an options exchange in the United States and internationally. It operates through six segments: Options, North American Equities, Europe and Asia Pacific, Futures, Global FX, and Digital. The Options segment trades in listed market indices. Its North American Equities segment trades in listed U.S. and Canadian equities. This segment also offers exchange-traded products (ETP) transaction and listing services. The Europe and Asia Pacific segment provides pan-European listed equities and derivatives transaction services, ETPs, exchange-traded commodities, and international depository receipts, as well as ETP listings and clearing services. Its Futures segment offers and trades in futures and other related products. The Global FX segment provides institutional foreign exchange (FX) trading and non-deliverable forward FX transactions services. Its Digital segment offers Cboe Digital, an operator of the United States based digital asset spot market and a regulated futures exchange; Cboe Clear Digital, a regulated clearinghouse; licensing of proprietary market data; and access and capacity services. It has strategic relationships with S&P Dow Jones Indices, LLC; Frank Russell Company; FTSE International Limited; and MSCI Inc. The company was formerly known as CBOE Holdings, Inc. and changed its name to Cboe Global Markets, Inc. in October 2017. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. was founded in 1973 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market size reached USD 6.2 billion in 2024, reflecting a robust expansion driven by the increasing demand for sustainable investment vehicles. The market is set to advance at a CAGR of 19.7% during the forecast period, leading to a projected market value of USD 36.7 billion by 2033. Growth in this sector is primarily attributed to the rising integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria in investment strategies, coupled with the growing awareness among institutional investors and asset managers regarding the financial and reputational benefits of ESG-aligned commodities exposure.

The surge in ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures adoption is underpinned by the global shift towards responsible investing. Investors are increasingly seeking products that not only deliver financial returns but also align with their values on sustainability and ethical governance. The integration of ESG criteria into commodity futures allows market participants to hedge risks and gain exposure to commodities while simultaneously supporting companies and sectors that demonstrate leadership in sustainability practices. This alignment is particularly appealing to pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, and large asset managers, who are under mounting pressure from stakeholders to demonstrate responsible stewardship of capital.

Another significant growth factor is the evolving regulatory landscape. Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are introducing stricter disclosure requirements and incentives for ESG-compliant investments. This has led to a proliferation of ESG benchmarks and indices, which serve as the foundation for ESG-indexed commodity futures. The availability of standardized ESG metrics and third-party verification has enhanced transparency and comparability, making it easier for investors to evaluate and select ESG-aligned futures products. Moreover, the rise of carbon trading schemes and green commodity certifications is further stimulating demand for ESG-indexed futures, particularly in energy and agriculture segments.

Technological advancements in trading platforms and analytics are also propelling the ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market forward. The digitalization of commodity exchanges and the adoption of advanced data analytics allow for more precise and real-time ESG scoring of underlying assets. This not only improves the integrity of ESG indices but also enhances liquidity and market efficiency. As algorithmic and high-frequency trading strategies become more prevalent, the demand for transparent, liquid, and ESG-compliant futures contracts is expected to rise, fostering innovation and competition among exchanges and product issuers.

Regionally, Europe continues to lead the ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed closely by North America. The Asia Pacific region is emerging as a high-growth market, driven by regulatory initiatives, increased investor awareness, and rapid economic development. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa, while currently representing smaller shares, are expected to witness accelerated growth as ESG frameworks are adopted and commodity markets mature. The global landscape is thus characterized by both mature markets with established ESG infrastructure and emerging markets with significant untapped potential.

Swap Futures are becoming an increasingly important instrument in the financial markets, particularly within the context of ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures. These derivatives allow investors to swap cash flows or other financial instruments, providing a mechanism to manage risk and gain exposure to various asset classes. In the ESG landscape, Swap Futures can be tailored to reflect specific sustainability criteria, offering investors the ability to align their financial strategies with environmental, social, and governance objectives. As the demand for ESG-compliant products grows, Swap Futures are likely to play a pivotal role in enhancing market liquidity and providing innovative solutions for investors seeking to integrate sustainability into their portfolios.

Accounts-Payable Time Series for Cboe Global Markets Inc. Cboe Global Markets, Inc., through its subsidiaries, operates as an options exchange in the United States and internationally. It operates through six segments: Options, North American Equities, Europe and Asia Pacific, Futures, Global FX, and Digital. The Options segment trades in listed market indices. Its North American Equities segment trades in listed U.S. and Canadian equities. This segment also offers exchange-traded products (ETP) transaction and listing services. The Europe and Asia Pacific segment provides pan-European listed equities and derivatives transaction services, ETPs, exchange-traded commodities, and international depository receipts, as well as ETP listings and clearing services. Its Futures segment offers and trades in futures and other related products. The Global FX segment provides institutional foreign exchange (FX) trading and non-deliverable forward FX transactions services. Its Digital segment offers Cboe Digital, an operator of the United States based digital asset spot market and a regulated futures exchange; Cboe Clear Digital, a regulated clearinghouse; licensing of proprietary market data; and access and capacity services. It has strategic relationships with S&P Dow Jones Indices, LLC; Frank Russell Company; FTSE International Limited; and MSCI Inc. The company was formerly known as CBOE Holdings, Inc. and changed its name to Cboe Global Markets, Inc. in October 2017. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. was founded in 1973 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

Hydrogen Futures Price Index Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Hydrogen Futures Price Index market size reached USD 1.9 billion in 2024, reflecting robust demand and increasing investments across the hydrogen value chain. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 23.4% from 2025 to 2033, with the total market size forecasted to reach USD 13.1 billion by 2033. This remarkable growth is fueled by the accelerating transition to clean energy, rising adoption of hydrogen in various industrial applications, and the establishment of transparent pricing mechanisms for hydrogen trading worldwide.

A primary growth factor driving the Hydrogen Futures Price Index market is the global shift toward decarbonization and the increasing adoption of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier. Governments and industries are investing heavily in hydrogen infrastructure, aiming to reduce carbon emissions and achieve sustainability targets. The introduction of hydrogen futures contracts and indices provides market participants with price transparency and risk management tools, fostering confidence among investors. As more countries commit to net-zero targets and hydrogen becomes integral to their energy strategies, the demand for a standardized pricing benchmark is surging, further accelerating market expansion.

Another significant driver is the diversification of hydrogen production methods, particularly the rapid scaling of green and blue hydrogen. The proliferation of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, has enabled cost-effective production of green hydrogen through electrolysis. Simultaneously, advancements in carbon capture technologies are making blue hydrogen more viable. These developments are leading to a more dynamic and liquid hydrogen market, necessitating sophisticated futures price indices to facilitate trading, hedging, and investment decisions. The evolving regulatory landscape, coupled with increasing participation from financial institutions and commodity exchanges, is also enhancing market maturity and depth.

Technological innovation and digitalization are playing a pivotal role in shaping the Hydrogen Futures Price Index market. The integration of advanced data analytics, blockchain, and AI-driven forecasting models is improving price discovery, transaction efficiency, and market transparency. These technologies are enabling real-time monitoring of hydrogen supply-demand dynamics, production costs, and carbon intensity, which are critical for accurate pricing. Furthermore, the emergence of digital trading platforms and smart contracts is streamlining the trading process, attracting a broader range of market participants, including utilities, industrial end-users, and institutional investors. This technological evolution is expected to sustain high growth rates and foster the development of new hydrogen-related financial products.

Regionally, Europe is leading the Hydrogen Futures Price Index market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed closely by Asia Pacific and North America. The European Union's ambitious hydrogen strategy, substantial investments in infrastructure, and the launch of hydrogen trading hubs are propelling market development. Meanwhile, Asia Pacific is experiencing rapid growth due to strong government support in countries like Japan, South Korea, and China, as well as increasing collaboration with global energy players. North America is also emerging as a key market, driven by technological advancements, favorable policies, and the presence of major energy companies. As regional markets mature, cross-border trading and harmonization of price indices are expected to gain momentum, fostering a globally integrated hydrogen market.

Product Type Analysis

The Hydrogen Futures Price Index market is segmented by product type into Green Hydrogen, Blue Hydrogen, Grey Hydrogen, and Others. Green hydrogen, produced via electrolysis using renewable energy, is gaining the most traction due to its zero-carbo

Renewable Energy Volatility Index Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Renewable Energy Volatility Index market size reached USD 1.46 billion in 2024, reflecting the increasing demand for advanced analytics and risk management tools in the renewable energy sector. The market is projected to expand at a robust CAGR of 13.2% from 2025 to 2033, reaching a forecasted value of USD 4.13 billion by 2033. This growth is primarily driven by the rising penetration of renewable energy sources in global power grids, the need for sophisticated forecasting and risk assessment solutions, and the rapid digitalization of the energy sector.

One of the primary growth factors fueling the Renewable Energy Volatility Index market is the inherent variability and intermittency associated with renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro. As these sources become a larger proportion of the global energy mix, grid operators, utilities, and energy traders are increasingly prioritizing tools that can quantify, monitor, and manage volatility. This demand is particularly acute in regions with ambitious clean energy targets and aggressive decarbonization policies, where maintaining grid stability and reliability is critical. The integration of advanced analytics, machine learning algorithms, and big data technologies enables stakeholders to anticipate and respond to fluctuations in renewable output, optimize grid operations, and mitigate financial risks.

Another major driver is the evolution of energy markets toward more dynamic and decentralized models. The proliferation of distributed energy resources, energy storage systems, and smart grid technologies has created a complex landscape where real-time data and predictive insights are essential for efficient market participation. Renewable Energy Volatility Index solutions empower utilities, independent power producers, and energy traders to make informed decisions in energy trading, risk assessment, and portfolio management. The growing adoption of these indices in energy trading platforms and risk management frameworks is further boosting market growth, as stakeholders seek to capitalize on price arbitrage opportunities and hedge against volatility.

Policy support and regulatory initiatives are also catalyzing the adoption of Renewable Energy Volatility Index solutions. Governments and regulatory bodies are increasingly mandating transparency and risk disclosure in energy markets, particularly in regions with high renewable penetration. This has led to the development and standardization of volatility indices that provide objective metrics for market participants and policymakers. Additionally, the emergence of new business models—such as virtual power plants and peer-to-peer energy trading—requires sophisticated volatility assessment tools to ensure market integrity and stability. As a result, the market is witnessing significant investments from both public and private sectors in research, development, and deployment of cutting-edge volatility index solutions.

From a regional perspective, North America and Europe currently dominate the Renewable Energy Volatility Index market, accounting for a combined market share of over 65% in 2024. These regions benefit from mature renewable energy infrastructure, advanced grid management systems, and supportive regulatory environments. The Asia Pacific region is poised for the fastest growth, driven by rapid renewable energy adoption, expanding grid networks, and increasing investments in digital energy solutions. Meanwhile, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are emerging as promising markets, supported by growing renewable capacity and policy initiatives aimed at energy diversification. Regional dynamics will continue to shape the competitive landscape and innovation trajectory of the market over the forecast period.

The Green Power Futures Index is becoming an increasingly relevant tool in the context of the Renewable Energy Volatility Index market. As stakeholders look to the future, the Green Power Futures Index offers insights into the potential trajectories of renewable energy adoption and integration. This index evaluates the readiness and potential of various regions and technologies to contribute to a sustainable energy future. By analyzing factors such as policy s

This dataset encompasses daily price and volume data from several major global stock indices and commodities for the period of 2008 to 2023. The following financial instruments are included:

^NYA: NYSE Composite (New York Stock Exchange) ^IXIC: NASDAQ Composite ^FTSE: FTSE 100 Index (Financial Times Stock Exchange, UK) ^NSEI: Nifty 50 (National Stock Exchange of India) ^BSESN: BSE SENSEX (Bombay Stock Exchange, India) ^N225: Nikkei 225 (Japan) 000001.SS: SSE Composite Index (Shanghai Stock Exchange) ^N100: Euronext 100 (European Stock Exchange) ^DJI: Dow Jones Industrial Average (USA) ^GSPC: S&P 500 Index (USA) GC=F: Gold Futures CL=F: Crude Oil Futures

For each ticker symbol, the following columns are included:

Date: The date of the data point. Open: The opening price for the given date. High: The highest price for the given date. Low: The lowest price for the given date. Close: The closing price for the given date. Adj Close: The adjusted closing price for the given date. Volume: The number of shares traded on the given date.

Usage: This data can be used for a wide range of tasks such as financial analysis, trading strategy backtesting, machine learning modelling, etc. It's a valuable resource for anyone interested in financial market dynamics and the interconnectedness of global financial markets.

TTF Gas fell to 27.92 EUR/MWh on December 3, 2025, down 0.17% from the previous day. Over the past month, TTF Gas's price has fallen 14.22%, and is down 40.94% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. EU Natural Gas - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Coffee fell to 408.66 USd/Lbs on December 2, 2025, down 0.95% from the previous day. Over the past month, Coffee's price has risen 0.50%, and is up 38.54% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Coffee - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Wheat fell to 529.25 USd/Bu on December 1, 2025, down 0.33% from the previous day. Over the past month, Wheat's price has fallen 2.62%, and is down 1.53% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Wheat - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Brent fell to 63.05 USD/Bbl on December 2, 2025, down 0.19% from the previous day. Over the past month, Brent's price has fallen 2.84%, and is down 14.36% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Brent crude oil - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Corn rose to 433.53 USd/BU on December 2, 2025, up 0.01% from the previous day. Over the past month, Corn's price has fallen 0.17%, but it is still 2.43% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Corn - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Cocoa fell to 5,359.52 USD/T on December 1, 2025, down 0.82% from the previous day. Over the past month, Cocoa's price has fallen 18.29%, and is down 41.61% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Cocoa - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Potatoes fell to 6.60 EUR/100KG on November 28, 2025, down 4.35% from the previous day. Over the past month, Potatoes's price has fallen 12.00%, and is down 75.91% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Potatoes.

Eggs CH fell to 3,215 CNY/T on December 2, 2025, down 0.71% from the previous day. Over the past month, Eggs CH's price has risen 2.10%, but it is still 28.32% lower than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Eggs CH.