The main stock market index In the Euro Area (EU50) increased 521 points or 10.65% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Euro Area. Euro Area Stock Market Index (EU50) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

End-of-day prices refer to the closing prices of various financial instruments, such as equities (stocks), bonds, and indices, at the end of a trading session on a particular trading day. These prices are crucial pieces of market data used by investors, traders, and financial institutions to track the performance and value of these assets over time. The Techsalerator closing prices dataset is considered the most up-to-date, standardized valuation of a security trading commences again on the next trading day. This data is used for portfolio valuation, index calculation, technical analysis and benchmarking throughout the financial industry. The End-of-Day Pricing service covers equities, equity derivative bonds, and indices listed on 170 markets worldwide.

While nearly every country in Europe has a stock exchange, only five are considered major, and have a market capital of over one trillion U.S dollars. European stock exchanges make up two of the top ten global major stock markets. Europe’s biggest stock exchanges are the Euronext which combines five markets, and the London Stock Exchange. Since the Covid-19 outbreak all of Europe’s largest exchanges all saw large drops in total market capital value between January and March 2020. Since March, all major stock exchanges in Europe have been in recovery. Coronavirus First reported from Wuhan, China, on 31 December 2019, the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has massively affected stock exchanges and the financial sector globally. Approximately 210 countries and territories worldwide have been affected by the COVID-19 virus. Euronext As Europe’s largest stock exchange, Euronext consists of the Amsterdam, Brussels, Dublin, Lisbon and Paris stock markets. As of the end of 2022, companies trading on the Euronext stock exchange had a combined market capitalization of approximately seven trillion euros.

Prices for Euro Area Stock Market Index (EU600) including live quotes, historical charts and news. Euro Area Stock Market Index (EU600) was last updated by Trading Economics this March 19 of 2025.

As of January 2025, the largest stock exchange in Europe was the Euronext, with a total market capitalization of around 6.2 trillion U.S. dollars. Euronext was formed in 2000, and is a pan-European stock exchange seated in Amsterdam, Brussels, Dublin London, Lisbon Paris and Oslo. In 2021, Euronext added the Milan Stock Exchange, which was previously operated by the LSE Group.

Prices for Euro Area Stock Market Index (Euronext 100) including live quotes, historical charts and news. Euro Area Stock Market Index (Euronext 100) was last updated by Trading Economics this March 27 of 2025.

The main stock market index in France (FR40) increased 650 points or 8.81% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from France. France Stock Market Index (FR40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

In 2024, stock markets in the United States accounted for roughly 60 percent of world stocks. The next largest country by stock market share was Japan, followed by the United Kingdom. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the NASDAQ are the largest stock exchange operators worldwide. What is a stock exchange? The first modern publicly traded company was the Dutch East Industry Company, which sold shares to the general public to fund expeditions to Asia. Since then, groups of companies have formed exchanges in which brokers and dealers can come together and make transactions in one space. Stock market indices group companies trading on a given exchange, giving an idea of how they evolve in real time. Appeal of stock ownership Over half of adults in the United States are investing money in the stock market. Stocks are an attractive investment because the possible return is higher than offered by other financial instruments.

The average for 2022 based on 19 countries was 36.27 percent. The highest value was in Turkey: 270.99 percent and the lowest value was in Luxembourg: 0.09 percent. The indicator is available from 1975 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The main stock market index in Germany (DE40) increased 2823 points or 14.18% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Germany. Germany Stock Market Index (DE40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

As of January 29, 2025, the FTSE index stood at 8,557.81 points - well above its average value of around 7,500 points in the past few years.On the 12th of March 2020, amid the escalating crisis surrounding the coronavirus and fears of a global recession, the FTSE 100 suffered the second largest one day crash in its history and the biggest since the 1987 market crash. On the 23rd of March, the FTSE index saw its lowest value this year to date at 4,993.89 but has since began a tentative recovery. With the continuation of the pandemic, the FTSE 100 index was making a tentative recovery between late March 2020 and early June 2020. Since then the FSTE 100 index had plateaued towards the end of July, before starting a tentative upward trend in November. FTSE 100 The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, otherwise known as the FTSE 100 Index is a share index of the 100 largest companies trading on the London Stock Exchange in terms of market capitalization. At the end of March 2024, the largest company trading on the LSE was Shell. The largest ever initial public offering (IPO) on the LSE was Glencore International plc. European stock exchanges While nearly every country in Europe has a stock exchange, only five are considered major, and have a market capital of over one trillion U.S dollars. European stock exchanges make up two of the top ten major stock markets in the world. Europe’s biggest stock exchange is the Euronext which combines seven markets based in Belgium, France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal.

The Europe Private Equity Market Report is Segmented by Investment Type (Large Cap, Mid Cap, and Small Cap), Application (Early Stage Venture Capitals, Private Equity, and Leveraged Buyouts), and Geography (Italy, Germany, France, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Rest of Europe). The Report Offers Market Size and Forecasts in Value (USD) for the Above Segments.

TTF Gas decreased 8.92 EUR/MWh or 17.69% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. EU Natural Gas TTF - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

This paper utilizes data on subjective probabilities to study the impact of the stock market crash of 2008 on households' expectations about the returns on the stock market index. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study that was fielded in February 2008 through February 2009. The effect of the crash is identified from the date of the interview, which is shown to be exogenous to previous stock market expectations. We estimate the effect of the crash on the population average of expected returns, the population average of the uncertainty about returns (subjective standard deviation), and the cross-sectional heterogeneity in expected returns (disagreement). We show estimates from simple reduced-form regressions on probability answers as well as from a more structural model that focuses on the parameters of interest and separates survey noise from relevant heterogeneity. We find a temporary increase in the population average of expectations and uncertainty right after the crash. The effect on cross-sectional heterogeneity is more significant and longer lasting, which implies substantial long-term increase in disagreement. The increase in disagreement is larger among the stockholders, the more informed, and those with higher cognitive capacity, and disagreement co-moves with trading volume and volatility in the market.

We compile all return and macroeconomic data from Kenneth French's website and the OECD statistical data warehouse, respectively, for the period from January 1990 to December 2018. All return and macroeconomic data include the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.The dataset comprises the following series:

1. Fama-French factors, 3-factor model, as provided by Kenneth French (Europe_3_Factors.txt).
2. Fama-French factors, 5-factor model, as provided by Kenneth French (Europe_5_Factors.txt).
3. Returns for 25 size-BE/ME portfolios, as provided by Kenneth French (Europe_25_Portfolios_ME_BE-ME.txt).
4. Returns for 25 size-momentum, as provided by Kenneth French (Europe_25_Portfolios_ME_Prior_12_2.txt).
5. Weighted average per capita consumption growth. We first collect quarterly chained volume estimates for consumption in nondurables and services, non-seasonally adjusted, in national currency, for the 16 countries under consideration (‘Non-durable goods’ and ‘Services’ series, LNBQR measure). Second, we use the population series provided by the OECD to determine per capita consumption growth series for each country. Finally, we estimate the average consumption growth for the economies under consideration, weighting by population (Europe_Consumption_Q.txt).
6. Weighted average consumer confidence index (CCI). We collect monthly CCI data as provided by the OECD (‘OECD Standardised CCI, Amplitude adjusted, sa’ series, dataset ‘Composite Leading Indicators’, MEI). We determine the average CCI for the economies under consideration, weighting by population (Europe_Indicators_Q.txt).

The main stock market index in the United Kingdom (GB100) increased 479 points or 5.86% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United Kingdom. United Kingdom Stock Market Index (GB100) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of just below 32 trillion U.S. dollars as of January 2025. The following three exchanges were the NASDAQ, Shanghai Stock Exchange, and the Japan Exchange Group. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

Europe's HVDC Transmission Systems Market is Segmented by Transmission Type (Submarine HVDC Transmission System, HVDC Overhead Transmission System, and HVDC Underground Transmission System), Component (Convertor Station, and Transmission Medium (Cables)), and Geography (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, and Rest of Europe).

The Europe Paper Market is segmented by Type (Graphic Papers, Case Materials, Sanitary and Household, Wrappings, Carton Board, and Other Types (Specialty Paper)) and Country (Germany, France, Sweden, Italy, Spain, and Rest of Europe). The market sizes and forecasts are provided in terms of value (USD million) for all the above segments.

The report covers Europe Gas Companies and the market is Segmented by Application (Utilities, Industrial, and Commercial) and Geography (Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, and Rest of Europe). The market size and forecasts are provided in terms of production capacity in billion cubic meters for all the above segments.