Euro Area's main stock market index, the EU50, fell to 5347 points on July 21, 2025, losing 0.23% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 2.39% and is up 9.18% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Euro Area. Euro Area Stock Market Index (EU50) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

While nearly every country in Europe has a stock exchange, only five are considered major, and have a market capital of over one trillion U.S dollars. European stock exchanges make up two of the top ten global major stock markets. Europe’s biggest stock exchange is the Euronext which combines five markets based in Amsterdam, Brussels, Dublin, Lisbon, London, Oslo and Paris. Euronext The Euronext Stock Exchange saw a significant increase in total market capitalization between 2021 and 2022, before increasing again during 2023. As of March 2024, the luxury goods company LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton was the largest company listed on the Euronext Stock Exchange in terms of market capitalization. Globally, the Euronext Stock Exchange is the fourth largest. London Stock Exchange The London Stock Exchange (LSE) was the second largest stock exchange in Europe and ninth globally in terms of market capitalization of domestic listed companies. As of May 2024, there were 1,775 companies trading on the LSE with the LSE's combined market capitalization amounting to approximately 3.86 trillion British pounds during the same period.

In 2025, stock markets in the United States accounted for roughly ** percent of world stocks. The next largest country by stock market share was China, followed by the European Union as a whole. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the NASDAQ are the largest stock exchange operators worldwide. What is a stock exchange? The first modern publicly traded company was the Dutch East Industry Company, which sold shares to the general public to fund expeditions to Asia. Since then, groups of companies have formed exchanges in which brokers and dealers can come together and make transactions in one space. Stock market indices group companies trading on a given exchange, giving an idea of how they evolve in real time. Appeal of stock ownership Over half of adults in the United States are investing money in the stock market. Stocks are an attractive investment because the possible return is higher than offered by other financial instruments.

Germany's main stock market index, the DE40, fell to 24206 points on July 21, 2025, losing 0.34% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 4.03% and is up 31.50% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Germany. Germany Stock Market Index (DE40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The Europe BNPL Market was valued at $2.69 Bn in 2023, and it is projected to reach $6.17 Bn by 2030, driven by the growing demand for e-commerce sector

The European neobanking market is experiencing explosive growth, driven by increasing smartphone penetration, a digitally savvy population, and a desire for more convenient and personalized financial services. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 21% from 2019-2033 indicates a significant upward trajectory. This rapid expansion is fueled by several key factors: the rising adoption of mobile banking and digital payment solutions, the increasing demand for seamless cross-border transactions, and the appeal of neobanks' user-friendly interfaces and innovative features compared to traditional banks. Consumers are increasingly attracted to the transparent pricing models, personalized services, and faster account opening processes offered by neobanks. The market segmentation reveals a strong demand across various account types, including business and savings accounts, with mobile banking, payments, and loan services being particularly popular. Established players like Revolut and Monzo, alongside emerging competitors, are vying for market share, leading to intense innovation and competition. Challenges remain, such as regulatory hurdles and the need to establish robust security measures to maintain customer trust. However, the overall market outlook for neobanking in Europe remains strongly positive. The competitive landscape is dynamic, with both established players and new entrants vying for market share. While established players leverage existing customer bases and brand recognition, newcomers often disrupt the market with innovative features and aggressive pricing strategies. Geographical differences in regulatory frameworks and consumer preferences create further diversification within the European market. The United Kingdom, Germany, and France represent significant markets, though significant growth is anticipated across other European nations as neobanking adoption increases. The focus on providing tailored services to specific demographics and business types, along with strategic partnerships, will play a crucial role in determining market leadership in the years to come. The long-term success of neobanks depends on their ability to maintain high levels of customer satisfaction, invest in advanced technologies, and adapt to evolving regulatory landscapes. The market will likely see consolidation and strategic acquisitions as companies seek to expand their reach and market dominance. Recent developments include: In March 2022, Nordic neobank Lunar raises USD 77 Million at a USD 2 Billion valuation, and launches a crypto trading platform and B2B payments for its small and medium business customers. It has now raised EUR 345 million in total, with other past investors including Seed Capital, Greyhound Capital, Socii Capital and Chr. Augustinus Fabrikker., In October 2021 N26 announces a landmark Series E funding round of more than $900 million was led by Third Point Ventures and Coatue Management and joined by Dragoneer Investment Group as well as existing N26 investors. Notable trends are: Increasing user penetration of Neobanking Apps.

The European Monetary Union (EMU) has generated a variety of changes, including the loss of national monetary policy autonomy and the creation of deeper integrated intra-European markets for goods, services, and financial instruments. This article explores the extent to which EMU has changed the ways in which and the extent to which international financial markets influence national policy choices. There are important reasons to expect that financial markets will exert greater influence on governments after EMU; for instance, governments now borrow in what is essentially a foreign currency. This change might serve to heighten the perceived danger of default in Europe. At the same time, however, financial markets appear to reward governments for the fiscal consolidation and increased market liquidity that flow from the single currency. I argue that, as a result of these offsetting trends, there have thus far been no dramatic changes in financial market–government relations. Although governments continue to face external pressures on domestic policy-making, these pressures may be only slightly more severe for EMU than for non-EMU countries. As in the past, domestic politics and institutions will be as important as, if not more important than, financial market pressures in EU governments’ policy decisions.

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The disposable gloves market in Europe has the potential to grow by USD 927.40 million during 2021-2025, and the market’s growth momentum will accelerate at a CAGR of 7.55%.

This disposable gloves market in Europe research report provides valuable insights on the post COVID-19 impact on the market, which will help companies evaluate their business approaches. Furthermore, this report extensively covers market segmentation by material (synthetic and natural rubber) and geography (Germany, the UK, Italy, France, and the Rest of Europe). The disposable gloves market in Europe report also offers information on several market vendors, including Ansell Ltd., B. Braun Melsungen AG, Cardinal Health Inc., Dynarex Corp., Kimberly Clark Corp., Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd, Mercator Medical SA, Molnlycke Health Care AB, Semperit AG Holding, and Supermax Corp. Berhad among others.

What will the Disposable Gloves Market Size in Europe be in 2021?

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Disposable Gloves Market in Europe: Key Drivers and Trends

Based on our research output, there has been a positive impact on the market growth during and post COVID-19 era. The growing occurrence of contagious and infectious diseases is notably driving the disposable gloves market growth in Europe growth, although factors such as reduced availability during the Covid-19 pandemic may impede market growth. To unlock information on the key market drivers and the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the disposable gloves industry in Europe get your FREE report sample now.

The growing occurrence of contagious and infectious diseases is one of the key factors driving the disposable gloves market growth in Europe.
The prevalence of infectious diseases such as influenza, common flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), coronavirus disease, tuberculosis, among others is increasing in Europe.
The prevalence of the COVID-19 and other infectious diseases has increased the demand for diagnostic tests. Therefore, there is a significant need for disposable gloves for the healthcare professionals who collect specimens from infected patients.
Disposable gloves are used as part of the overall personal protective equipment (PPE).
Investments in medical infrastructure are increasing due to the growing demand for outpatient care, ambulatory care, and EMS in Europe, which will also drive the market growth significantly in the coming years. 

This disposable gloves market in Europe analysis report also provides detailed information on other upcoming trends and challenges that will have a far-reaching effect on the market growth. Get detailed insights on the trends and challenges, which will help companies evaluate and develop growth strategies.

Who are the Major Disposable Gloves Market Vendors in Europe Vendors?

The report analyzes the market’s competitive landscape and offers information on several market vendors, including:

Ansell Ltd.
B. Braun Melsungen AG
Cardinal Health Inc.
Dynarex Corp.
Kimberly Clark Corp.
Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd
Mercator Medical SA
Molnlycke Health Care AB
Semperit AG Holding
Supermax Corp. Berhad

The disposable gloves market in Europe is fragmented and the vendors are deploying organic and inorganic growth strategies to compete in the market. Click here to uncover other successful business strategies deployed by the vendors.

To make the most of the opportunities and recover from post COVID-19 impact, market vendors should focus more on the growth prospects in the fast-growing segments, while maintaining their positions in the slow-growing segments.

Download a free sample of the disposable gloves market in Europe forecast report for insights on complete key vendor profiles. The profiles include information on the production, sustainability, and prospects of the leading companies.

Which are the Key Countries for Disposable Gloves Market in Europe?

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44% of the market’s growth will originate from the Rest of Europe during the forecast period. Market growth in this region will be faster than the growth of the market in other countries.

The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases, growing healthcare expenditure, and the presence of global and small-scale local vendors will facilitate the disposable gloves market in Europe over the forecast period. To garner further competitive intelligence and regional opportunities in store for vendors, view our sample report.

What are the Revenue-generating Material Segments in the Disposable Gloves Market in Europe?

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Synthetic disposable gloves have various applications and use cases in different industries

France's main stock market index, the FR40, rose to 7823 points on July 18, 2025, gaining 0.01% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 3.56% and is up 3.82% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from France. France Stock Market Index (FR40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Over the last two observations, the revenue is forecast to significantly increase in all regions. From the selected regions, the ranking by revenue in the data center market is forecast to be led by Central & Western Europe with ***** billion euro. In contrast, the ranking is trailed by Eastern Europe with **** billion euro, recording a difference of ***** billion euro to Central & Western Europe. The Statista Market Insights cover a broad range of additional markets.

The European smart watch market, valued at €6.11 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.84% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. Increasing consumer adoption of wearable technology for fitness tracking, health monitoring, and contactless payments fuels market demand. The rising popularity of sophisticated features like advanced health sensors (ECG, SpO2), longer battery life, and stylish designs further enhances the appeal of smartwatches across diverse demographics. The prevalence of AMOLED and PMOLED displays, offering superior visuals and energy efficiency, is also a significant contributor to market growth. Furthermore, the market segmentation across operating systems (WatchOS, Wear OS, others), display types (AMOLED, PMOLED, TFT LCD), and applications (personal assistance, medical, sports, others) reveals diverse growth opportunities for manufacturers. Strong competition among major players like Apple, Samsung, Fitbit, and Garmin fosters innovation and drives down prices, making smartwatches more accessible to a wider consumer base. Specifically within Europe, strong demand is anticipated from countries like the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and other major economies. The increasing integration of smartwatches with smartphones and other IoT devices will amplify their utility and continue to drive future growth. However, challenges remain. Pricing remains a barrier for budget-conscious consumers, while concerns over data privacy and battery life continue to influence purchase decisions. The market's susceptibility to technological advancements and the emergence of competitive alternatives (e.g., smart rings) also present potential restraints. Nevertheless, given the continuous innovation in features and functionalities, and the expanding applications of smartwatches across various industries (healthcare, sports, etc.), the European market is poised for sustained and substantial growth in the coming years. The expanding range of applications, from basic fitness tracking to more complex health monitoring and mobile payment solutions, will likely drive adoption across a wider user base, contributing to the continued success of the market. Recent developments include: October 2023: Samsung continued its lineup of successful smartwatches during its Unpacked event and revealed the Galaxy Watch 6 Classic and Watch 6, much earlier than their predecessors. Watch 6 40mm/44mm specs: 1.3"/1.5" Sapphire Crystal displays, 1.4 GHz Exynos W930, 2GB/16GB memory, 300mAh/425mAh battery, Watch 6 water resistance, 5ATM + IP68. The Galaxy Watch 6 takes over the smart timepiece duties from last year's Galaxy Watch 5 but comes with a 20% bigger screen in a package of similar size, meaning a much slimmer bezel as well. In fact, the bezel of the Watch 6 has been slimmed down by 30% for a more elegant look., September 2023: Apple introduced the Apple Watch Series 9, bringing new features to the world’s best-selling watch and performing a decisive environmental milestone. Apple Watch Series 9 is more advanced than ever with the new S9 SiP, which improves performance and abilities; a magical new double tap gesture; a brighter display; faster on-device Siri, Precision Finding for iPhone; now with the ability to access and log health data, and better. Apple Watch Series 9 runs watchOS 10, which supplies redesigned apps, the new Smart Stack, new watch faces, new hiking and cycling features, and tools to support mental health.. Key drivers for this market are: The Aging Population in European Countries with Increased Risk of Chronic Conditions, Growing Adoption of Connected Wearables in European Countries. Potential restraints include: The Aging Population in European Countries with Increased Risk of Chronic Conditions, Growing Adoption of Connected Wearables in European Countries. Notable trends are: Growing Adoption of Connected Wearables in European Countries is Expected to Drive the Studied Market.

The Europe Video Management System market is projected to reach a value of USD 3.43 million by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 19.81% during the forecast period. The market growth is primarily driven by the increasing adoption of video surveillance and security systems due to rising security concerns, advancements in technology, and government initiatives for public safety. The transition from analog-based systems to IP-based systems and the integration of video analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities are further fueling market growth. On-premise deployment mode holds a significant market share due to concerns over data privacy and security, but cloud-based deployment is gaining traction owing to its cost-effectiveness and flexibility. The banking and financial services, education, retail, transportation, logistics, healthcare, and airports end-user industries are key contributors to the market growth. Key players in the Europe Video Management System market include Honeywell International Inc., Bosch Security and Safety Systems, Johnson Controls, Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd, Genetec Inc., Dahua Technology, AxxonSoft Inc., Axis Communications AB, Identiv Inc., Milestone Systems, Qognify Inc., and Verint Systems. These companies are focusing on strategic partnerships, product innovations, and geographical expansion to maintain their market position. Recent developments include: April 2024: Axis Communications launched Axis Cloud Connect, an innovative cloud-based platform developed to deliver customers more secure, adaptable, and scalable security solutions. Axis Cloud Connect is customized to seamlessly integrate with Axis devices, empowering businesses with a comprehensive suite of managed services that support system and device management, video and data delivery, and meet the increasing demand for cybersecurity.January 2024: AxxonSoft announced the introduction of its Axxon One video management software (VMS), which is now version 2.0. This updated release boasts seamless integrations with various physical security systems, transforming the software into a comprehensive "unified" VMS. Axxon One 2.0 seamlessly incorporates ten physical security systems from diverse manufacturers and the universal OPC Data Access Wrapper interface. These integrations encompass access control systems, fire and security alarms, and perimeter intrusion detection systems.. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Security Cameras for Surveillence, Technological Advancement in New Product Development. Potential restraints include: Increasing Security Cameras for Surveillence, Technological Advancement in New Product Development. Notable trends are: Cloud Based Video Management System is Expected to Grow at a Significant Rate.

The Europe gnocchi market was valued at USD 2050.00 Million in 2024. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.60% during the forecast period of 2025-2034 to reach a value of USD 3214.18 Million by 2034.

The European gnocchi market is being strongly driven by the reinvention of traditional recipes for modern retail. Consumers are embracing premium, region-specific variants such as ‘gnocchi di pane’ and ‘gnocchi alla romana’, which are now offered with clean-label packaging and certified PDO ingredients. Retailers like Edeka and Rewe are capitalizing on this trend by dedicating shelf space to these elevated formats, blending authenticity with contemporary gourmet appeal.

Moreover, sustainability trends are shaping gnocchi sourcing. Recently, Italy’s Ministry of Agriculture launched the “Made Green in Italy” scheme to support low-carbon, traditional pasta products including gnocchi. The project incentivises producers to switch to eco-friendly packaging and adopt energy-efficient extrusion technologies. Meanwhile, export opportunities have opened up as United Kingdom and Nordic consumers are actively substituting regular pasta with chilled, ready-to-eat gnocchi variants.

The growing popularity of ready-to-cook and frozen products has shaped the Europe gnocchi market dynamics. Urban consumers tend to favor easy-to-prepare meals, and this consumer trend supports the demand for such products in supermarkets and grocery stores. As the product is stable at room temperature, 20% of Italian gnocchi are exported to non-EU countries for retail sale. The remaining 80% of shipments which consist of chilled products, are made for European markets.

Europe’s Accounting and Auditing industry is well-established, with leading nations like the UK and Germany generating significant revenue, partly because London and Frankfurt are major global financial hubs. Growing enterprise numbers and employment rates have expanded the potential client pool for accounting and auditing firms. Despite the industry providing both procyclical and countercyclical services, volatile economic conditions have caused some operational disruption, though revenue has remained fairly resilient. Revenue is expected to inch upward at a compound annual rate of 0.4% over the five years through 2025 to €235 billion, including a forecast hike of 0.6% in 2025. Audit failings and poor service quality have led to enhanced regulations – most notably the introduction of the EU Audit Reform in 2016, aimed at enhancing standards and promoting competition. The reform forces large companies to change auditors every 20 years, diversifying the market by pushing more companies to use firms other than the Big Four. The industry has also come up against challenges from economic headwinds, including the COVID-19 pandemic, inflationary pressures and geopolitical tensions, which have sustained economic uncertainty and subdued business spending and deal-making activity. The industry has been subject to intense consolidation activity, particularly in the UK, where private equity influx has driven acquisitions. Strong competition and higher operational costs have forced firms to raise fees to protect revenue and profitability. Improving economic conditions will bolster business sentiment and investment and drive up M&A activity, fuelling demand for accounting, audit and tax consulting services. Revenue is forecast to expand at a compound annual rate of 4.4% over the five years through 2030 to €291.8 billion. Heightened business investment and M&A activity amid anticipated improvement in economic conditions, alongside a rising number of enterprises in Europe and solid employment rates, will fuel demand for accounting, audit and tax consulting services. Companies will also have to navigate mounting digitalisation, with AI and automated solutions helping to reduce costs and free up time for the provision of value-added services, but at the same time, advanced software enabling small businesses and individuals to carry out their own accounting and tax tasks, eating away at demand. The evolving regulatory environment for businesses, including sustainability reporting and tax reforms, will boost demand and create strong revenue stream opportunities for auditing and tax consulting firms. These specialised services also stand to support profit as more complex audits and regulations will drive firms to hike their fees.

Europe Mobile Payments Market is Segmented by Payment Type (Proximity Payments, Remote Payments), Transaction Type (Peer-To-Peer (P2P), In-Store Point-Of-Sale (POS), Person-To-Merchant (P2M/Checkout), Other Transaction Types), Application (Retail and ECommerce, Transportation and Logistics, Hospitality and Food-Service, and More), End-User (Personal, Business) and Country. The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Repairs of personal and household goods are sensitive to various economic factors. Typically, consumers will postpone new purchases if they expect the economy to worsen or their incomes to shrink, trading down to repair services to save money. The total private consumption expenditure of households is a good indicator of demand; higher spending suggests consumers are buying new appliances instead of repairing old ones, cutting into the need for repairs. However, this does create a bigger potential market for repair services further down the line. Over the five years through 2024, revenue is expected to dip at a compound annual rate of 6.6% to €17.1 billion. Revenue suffered from the closure of repair shops for a large chunk of 2020. Most repair shops are micro enterprises, employing fewer than 10 people, which rely on a steady customer footfall to make a profit, so they’re were hit hard by pandemic restrictions. The emergence of repair cafes has also snatched customers away from repair shops; these cafes bring a group of volunteers to a repair workshop hosted by a cafe to learn or use technical skills. Despite the industry’s low productivity, profit is high, driven by the industry’s high value-added and the price consumers are willing to pay to repair essential household items. However, over 2024, revenue is forecast to sink by 3.7%, driven by an uptick in consumer sentiment encouraging more consumers to buy new household goods instead of repairing broken ones. Over the five years through 2029, revenue is slated to climb at a compound annual rate of 2.5% to reach €19.3 billion. An increasing number of European households will expand the potential market for repair shops, propelling revenue growth. Repair shops will also be supported by the EU’s new “right to repair” regulations and the emergence of smart home appliances, creating a niche for specialised repair services. However, independent and micro repair companies that lack access to technical information and technological exposure to these cutting-edge devices might struggle to succeed in the evolving marketplace.

The European animal feed productions market is evolving, driven by a surge in demand for organic, sustainable and high-welfare products. This shift extends into the diets of their livestock and pets. The number of farms practicing organic methods (including in France, which boasts the third-highest area of organic farms globally) is on the rise, boosting demand for organic feeds. This is pushing the industry to innovate and adapt to meet these new preferences head-on. The EU’s Farm to Fork Strategy is putting additional pressure on the feed producers to pursue more sustainable practices. Feed producers are now navigating a tighter regulatory landscape aimed at safeguarding animal and human health, as well as protecting the environment. This legislative push is fostering a wave of research and development in new, sustainable feed materials – but it's not just livestock feed that's getting a green makeover. The pet food sector is also riding the wave of change. European pet owners are demanding more from their pet's diets, seeking out premium, health-optimised options that cater to a range of dietary needs, from allergies to age-specific requirements. This shift is driving innovation and an uptick in the production of specialised, high-quality pet foods. Despite this, high inflation in recent years means that animal feed revenue has fallen in real terms; it’s set to drop at a compound annual rate of 2.7% over the five years through 2024 to €120.9 billion, including a 3.4% drop in 2024. Looking ahead, the industry's outlook appears green and promising. Revenue is projected to grow at a compound annual rate of 3.1% over the five years through 2029 to reach €141.1 million. Environmental concerns are reshaping both what we feed our animals and how we produce that feed. There's a growing consensus that traditional livestock feed, which consumes a third of global farmland, isn't sustainable. More investment is being made into insect-based feed, a solution that could be more environmentally sustainable. Insects, a protein-rich and less land-intensive option, are already making waves in aquafeed, where seven species have been approved in the EU since 2017.

In the decade after the 2008 financial crisis, pension providers across faced challenging conditions thanks to interest rates falling to historical lows, affecting the returns on fixed-income investments, like bonds. Revenue is expected to drop at a compound annual rate of 2.6% over the five years through 2025 to €517.9 billion, including a forecast climb of 2.5% in 2025. Profit has also edged downwards due to higher interest rates and geopolitical tensions hitting equity and bond markets, though the average industry profit margin still stands strong, at an estimated 43.7% in 2025. Pension providers invest the contributions of policyholders into investment markets like bonds and equity, with the aim of making sure their assets can meet their liabilities – the benefits paid to retirees. Pension funds invest heavily in bond markets due to their relatively low risk and low volatility. However, this type of fixed-income investment has struggled since 2022 in the rising base rate environment, which saw yields skyrocket and bond prices plummet, hitting investment income. Despite interest rates coming down over the two years through 2025, bond values have remained extremely volatile, creating difficulties in calculating long-term planning and solvency of funds. Bond markets have also been clouded by ongoing uncertainty surrounding upcoming rate cuts and trade tensions, eroding investment income. Equity markets have experienced a similarly volatile period over recent years, with investors pricing rate cuts at the tail-end of 2023, inciting hefty capital flows, and supporting investment income for funds exposed to the asset class. In 2024, US equities performed particularly well due to the dominance of big-tech firms and the excitement surrounding AI. However, Trump’s erratic policies has incited a shift away from US markets in 2025, aiding pension funds with exposure to European markets, which are seen as less risky. Revenue is anticipated to climb at a compound annual rate of 6% over the five years through 2030 to €691.5 billion, while the average industry profit margin is estimated to swell to 45.3% in 2030. The shift towards Europe markets is set to continue in the short term. However, governments must be proactive in taking measures to capitalise on this demand. This would involve the expansion of a safe investment base of sovereign bonds jointly issued by euro members, overcoming the investment headaches that traditionally arose from fragmented national government bond markets and creating a liquid market for pension funds to exploit, aiding investment income. However, an ageing population will remain a concern for pension providers as more people retire and claim their retirement benefits, ratcheting up liabilities.

Online streaming services such as Netflix, Amazon Prime Video and Spotify are driving a transition in the home entertainment market; consumers are increasingly shifting away from physical discs like CDs and DVDs to digital formats, hitting music and video record retailers’ sales. Streaming services’ subscription model offers customers access to an extensive content library at a low cost, making DVD purchases less appealing, especially as people often only watch things once. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry notes that Sweden, the UK and Germany lead the way in paid audio subscriptions, posing a significant challenge to audio record retailers. As competition heightens, many retailers are shutting up shop. However, some companies are staying strong. For example, large German retailers like Ceconomy AG and Expert SE offer a diverse range of products, including electric data processing equipment and consumer electronics, helping them secure steadier sales and maintain profitability. Nonetheless, music and video record retailing revenue is forecast to plunge at a compound annual rate of 5.1% over the five years through 2024 to €6.6 billion, including an estimated drop of 6.7% in 2024. Revenue is slated to sink at a compound annual rate of 0.3% over the five years through 2029 to €6.5 billion, while the average industry profit margin is also expected to edge downwards. The physical video recording market will continue to face challenge due to the fast availability of films on streaming services post-theatre. The delay in releasing DVDs and Blu-rays, especially in markets like France, drives consumers towards these immediate-access platforms, reducing demand for physical media. Major retailers are expected to withstand market decline by diversifying their products and embracing e-commerce. However, smaller shops risk losing business in this shifting landscape. As on-demand streaming gains more traction among more age groups, including older consumers, more people with move away from physical copies, cutting retailers’ customer base.

Europe’s libraries, museums and cultural activities are broad, vibrant and diverse, playing a significant role in the socio-economic development of the region. The industry helps to support thousands of jobs, fosters cultural exchange, promotes tourism and preserves the continent’s rich heritage. Heightened consumer interest in cultural experiences and sturdy tourism across Europe have supported industry demand. However, the COVID-19 outbreak severely disrupted operations, decimating revenue. The industry is still recovering from the repercussions of this. As a result, industry revenue is expected to contract at a compound annual rate of 6.8% to €52.8 billion over the five years through 2024, including an estimated 2.2% hike in the current year. European countries like France, the UK, Italy, Spain and Germany lead this industry because of their rich heritage. Mega-institutions like France’s Louvre and the UK’s British Museum bring hefty yearly visitor numbers. Thanks to valuable technology advancements, consumers can now experience European culture from anywhere, anytime. The COVID-19 pandemic kicked this trend into high gear, with digital offerings helping to limit the revenue decline from reduced physical visitor numbers. Nevertheless, revenue fell significantly due to prolonged COVID-19 restrictions, including temporary closures and travel bans. The removal of restrictions and rebound in tourism, alongside strong consumer demand for cultural experiences, has fuelled a rebound in revenue since 2021. However, economic headwinds, including severe inflation, have constrained revenue as consumers become more cautious with their spending. Meanwhile, intense competition and rising operating costs have squeezed profitability. The industry's future is geared towards a blend of digital and physical experiences, enhancing the accessibility of cultural resources. Advances in technology will revolutionise exhibits and engagement methods. Using tech like VR will attract a younger crowd, providing immersive experiences that enhance learning. Sustainability will be a major focus, with energy-efficient practices becoming standard industry-wide. There will also be a push for greater diversity and inclusivity, with exhibits exploring global cultures and minority histories and partnerships with global counterparts amplifying cultural exchange. Revenue is forecast to swell at a compound annual rate of 2.9% to €60.9 billion over the five years through 2029.