China will launch the stock index futures in the later of 2007. This paper forecasts the impact of stock index futures on the volatility of the Chinese stock market based on the empirical test of Japan and Taiwan. The GARCH model will be used to examine on the effect of stock index futures on the volatility of the spot market. The forecasts will be made based on analysing the Japanese and Taiwanese stock market. However, the forecasts are suggestive not conclusive. The further studies are needed based on Chinese data. The importance of stock index futures on the Chinese stock market and the impact of SGX FTSE Xinhua A 50 stock index futures on the volatility of the Chinese stock market will also be discussed.

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of June 2025. The following three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

The National Stock Exchange of India cemented its place as the largest derivatives exchange in the world in 2023. Mumbai-based NSE traded nearly ** billion derivatives contracts in 2023, followed by the Brazilian exchange, B3, with *** billion contracts. What is a derivative? A derivative is a financial instrument that is based on an underlying asset, such as an equity, commodity, or currency. It can be traded over-the-counter or on an exchange. The most common types of derivatives are futures, options, forwards and swaps. How large is the derivative market? There are billions of derivatives traded globally every year. The largest markets for derivatives trading are Asia Pacific and North America. Currency options and futures alone contribute hundreds of millions of dollars in volume to the largest exchanges. Much of this volume is due to large corporations trying to hedge risk. For example, an international corporation may invest in a currency derivative to ensure that it can buy a particular currency at or below a certain price at some point in the future, protecting against an unfavorable shift in the exchange rate.

The global futures trading services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing market volatility, the expanding adoption of algorithmic trading, and the rise of sophisticated trading platforms. The market, currently valued at approximately $15 billion in 2025, is projected to achieve a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated value of $28 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by the rising popularity of both software-based and web-based futures trading platforms, particularly those offering access to share price index futures and commodity futures. The increasing accessibility and ease of use of these platforms are attracting a broader range of investors, including retail traders and institutional investors alike. Furthermore, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are enhancing trading strategies and further driving market expansion. Regional variations in market share are expected, with North America and Europe maintaining significant dominance due to established financial markets and high levels of technological advancement. However, the Asia-Pacific region is poised for substantial growth, driven by expanding economies and rising investor participation in futures trading. Competitive pressures remain intense, with established players like Daniels Trading and Saxo competing with newer, technology-focused firms like Tradovate and NinjaTrader. The market's growth trajectory, however, is not without challenges. Regulatory scrutiny, cybersecurity threats, and the potential for market manipulation are key restraints that could impact future growth. Nevertheless, the overall outlook for the futures trading services market remains positive, indicating significant opportunities for existing and new market entrants.

Germany's main stock market index, the DE40, fell to 23561 points on August 1, 2025, losing 2.10% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 0.96%, though it remains 33.40% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Germany. Germany Stock Market Index (DE40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on August of 2025.

The global Futures Trading Service market is projected to reach a value of USD 38.7 billion by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 4.3% over the forecast period of 2025-2033. The market is primarily driven by the increasing popularity of futures trading as a financial instrument for risk management, speculation, and investment opportunities. The rising volatility in financial markets, coupled with the growing demand for hedging tools, is further fueling market growth. Additionally, advancements in technology, such as the development of online trading platforms and mobile applications, are making futures trading more accessible and convenient, attracting a wider range of investors. The futures trading service market is segmented by type (software-based and web-based) and application (share price index futures and commodity futures). Geographically, the market is segmented into North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East & Africa, and Asia Pacific. The North American region is expected to dominate the market throughout the forecast period due to the presence of a well-established financial infrastructure and a large number of financial institutions and trading firms. However, the Asia Pacific region is projected to witness significant growth over the forecast period, driven by the rapid economic growth and increasing investor awareness in these regions.

Dutch TTF gas futures amounted to **** euros per megawatt hour on July 28, 2025 for contracts with delivery in August 2025. Figures decreased compared to the previous week. Dutch TTF is seen as a Europe-wide natural gas price benchmark. Europe more reliant on imports The Groningen gas field is the largest gas field in Europe and the major natural gas source in the Netherlands. In 2014, the first earthquake related to drilling the field occurred, and other seismic activities were also observed. Therefore, the Groningen field has drastically reduced its production output. Since then, natural gas production in the Netherlands has been in a trend of continuous decline. To balance the diminished domestic production, the European market relies on liquefied natural gas imports and pipeline inflow. LNG pricing across European regions The European gas market exhibits regional variations, as evidenced by LNG prices in different parts of the continent. The Southwest Europe LNG price is generally slightly higher than LNG prices in Northwest Europe. The latter reached around ** U.S. dollars per million British thermal units in late July 2025.

The global Securities and Futures Investment Analysis Software market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach $2188 million in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 18.9% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. The increasing adoption of sophisticated trading strategies by both individual and institutional investors necessitates advanced analytical tools. The rising accessibility of high-speed internet and mobile devices further fuels market growth, allowing for seamless access to real-time data and analysis capabilities. Furthermore, the growing complexity of financial markets and the demand for efficient risk management solutions are propelling the demand for specialized software. The market is segmented by application (Individuals and Institutions) and type (Software for Individual Investors and Software for Institutional Investors). While institutional investors dominate the market in terms of revenue due to their larger investments and sophisticated needs, the individual investor segment exhibits high growth potential, fueled by the rise of retail trading and the democratization of financial markets. The competitive landscape is populated by a mix of established financial data providers like Bloomberg and Refinitiv, along with specialized trading platforms such as MetaTrader and TradeStation, and innovative fintech companies like QuantConnect. Geographic distribution shows significant market presence in North America and Europe, driven by established financial ecosystems and regulatory environments. However, Asia-Pacific and other emerging markets offer substantial growth opportunities due to increasing digitalization and rising investor participation. The sustained growth trajectory is expected to continue throughout the forecast period (2025-2033). Factors like advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for predictive analytics, the integration of blockchain technology for enhanced security and transparency, and the growing adoption of cloud-based solutions will further propel market expansion. However, potential restraints include the high cost of sophisticated software, the need for specialized technical expertise, and the potential for regulatory changes impacting data access and usage. The market is likely to see increased consolidation through mergers and acquisitions as companies compete for market share and expand their product offerings. The focus on developing user-friendly interfaces and integrating advanced analytical capabilities will be crucial for companies to maintain a competitive edge.

The global futures trading services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing technological advancements, rising institutional and retail investor participation, and the growing adoption of algorithmic trading strategies. The market's expansion is fueled by a confluence of factors, including the increasing volatility of traditional asset classes, which drives demand for hedging and speculative opportunities offered by futures contracts. Furthermore, the proliferation of online trading platforms, offering user-friendly interfaces and access to global markets, has significantly broadened market accessibility. This democratization of access, combined with the relatively low capital requirements compared to other investment avenues, is attracting a wider range of participants. The market is segmented by service type (e.g., brokerage, clearing, data analytics), client type (institutional vs. retail), and geography. Major players are constantly innovating to enhance their offerings with advanced analytics, sophisticated trading tools, and improved risk management features, fostering intense competition. Regulatory changes and cybersecurity concerns remain significant restraints, impacting operational costs and requiring significant investments in compliance and security infrastructure. While precise market sizing data is unavailable, based on industry reports and comparable markets, we can estimate the 2025 market size to be approximately $80 billion, growing at a CAGR of 7% from 2025 to 2033. This growth trajectory is expected to continue, though at a potentially moderated pace, as the market matures. The competitive landscape is characterized by established players like Daniels Trading and Saxo, alongside newer, technology-driven firms like Tradovate and NinjaTrader. These companies compete primarily on factors like commission structures, platform functionality, technological innovation, and client support. Regional variations in regulatory environments and investor demographics contribute to differing market penetration rates across various geographical segments. North America is currently the leading region, driven by a strong institutional investor base and established futures exchanges. However, Asia-Pacific is expected to witness significant growth in the coming years, fueled by increasing market participation in emerging economies. Continued growth hinges on addressing concerns around transparency, regulatory compliance, and investor education to ensure market integrity and sustained expansion.

Market Overview The global futures trading software market is projected to reach a market size of USD 3601.3 million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 6.4%. The increasing demand for risk management tools, advancements in technology, and growing popularity of algorithmic trading are driving market growth. Additionally, the rising number of personal and commercial traders, along with the increasing availability of mobile trading platforms, further contribute to the market's expansion. Key Trends and Segments Mobile trading platforms are gaining traction due to their convenience and accessibility, while PC versions remain dominant in commercial applications. Personal and commercial traders continue to be the largest user segments, with commercial use expected to see significant growth as businesses seek advanced risk management capabilities. Key companies in the market include Straight Flush, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, J.P. Morgan, and BANK OF AMERICA. Geographically, the Asia Pacific region holds the largest market share, followed by North America and Europe. Emerging markets such as China and India are expected to present significant growth opportunities for market expansion.

In the past five years, the stock exchange and broker industry has recorded an average annual increase in turnover of 1.9%, meaning that industry turnover in the current year is likely to amount to 1.1 billion euros. This corresponds to an increase of 4.6 % compared to the previous year. Over the past five years, the European Central Bank's zero interest rate policy has made alternative savings products less attractive, as they were hardly able to generate any returns. As a result, retail investors also increasingly invested their money in securities. In view of the coronavirus pandemic, the stock markets initially slumped in 2020, but recovered quickly and have since set new records. In 2020, around 2.7 million more retail investors held shares than in the previous year, which is partly due to the slump in share prices and the associated favourable entry into securities trading as well as people's greater interest in their finances. Online brokers in particular were able to expand their business significantly during the crisis and are particularly popular with younger people, as they offer easy access to the stock market and commission-free trading.In the past year, the outbreak of war in Ukraine led to a renewed slump in share prices. In view of rising inflation, the European Central Bank has also gradually raised the key interest rate since July 2022. This is likely to have a negative impact on the sector, as alternative savings products are becoming more attractive again. The pandemic led to a decline in sales for the exchange offices in the sector, as travelling was only possible to a very limited extent. However, significantly more foreign travellers are likely to come to Germany again this year.In the next five years, the industry is likely to achieve average annual sales growth of 1.8% and reach an industry turnover of 1.2 billion euros by 2028. New technologies such as blockchain and distributed ledger technology are likely to increasingly find their way into the industry. In addition, sustainability issues are likely to become increasingly important and corresponding financial products will be offered. Legislators have already decreed that transparency for investors will increase, making it easier for them to make sustainable investments.

ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market size reached USD 6.2 billion in 2024, reflecting a robust expansion driven by the increasing demand for sustainable investment vehicles. The market is set to advance at a CAGR of 19.7% during the forecast period, leading to a projected market value of USD 36.7 billion by 2033. Growth in this sector is primarily attributed to the rising integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria in investment strategies, coupled with the growing awareness among institutional investors and asset managers regarding the financial and reputational benefits of ESG-aligned commodities exposure.

The surge in ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures adoption is underpinned by the global shift towards responsible investing. Investors are increasingly seeking products that not only deliver financial returns but also align with their values on sustainability and ethical governance. The integration of ESG criteria into commodity futures allows market participants to hedge risks and gain exposure to commodities while simultaneously supporting companies and sectors that demonstrate leadership in sustainability practices. This alignment is particularly appealing to pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, and large asset managers, who are under mounting pressure from stakeholders to demonstrate responsible stewardship of capital.

Another significant growth factor is the evolving regulatory landscape. Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are introducing stricter disclosure requirements and incentives for ESG-compliant investments. This has led to a proliferation of ESG benchmarks and indices, which serve as the foundation for ESG-indexed commodity futures. The availability of standardized ESG metrics and third-party verification has enhanced transparency and comparability, making it easier for investors to evaluate and select ESG-aligned futures products. Moreover, the rise of carbon trading schemes and green commodity certifications is further stimulating demand for ESG-indexed futures, particularly in energy and agriculture segments.

Technological advancements in trading platforms and analytics are also propelling the ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market forward. The digitalization of commodity exchanges and the adoption of advanced data analytics allow for more precise and real-time ESG scoring of underlying assets. This not only improves the integrity of ESG indices but also enhances liquidity and market efficiency. As algorithmic and high-frequency trading strategies become more prevalent, the demand for transparent, liquid, and ESG-compliant futures contracts is expected to rise, fostering innovation and competition among exchanges and product issuers.

Regionally, Europe continues to lead the ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed closely by North America. The Asia Pacific region is emerging as a high-growth market, driven by regulatory initiatives, increased investor awareness, and rapid economic development. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa, while currently representing smaller shares, are expected to witness accelerated growth as ESG frameworks are adopted and commodity markets mature. The global landscape is thus characterized by both mature markets with established ESG infrastructure and emerging markets with significant untapped potential.

Product Type Analysis

The ESG-Indexed Commodity Futures market is segmented by product type into Energy, Metals, Agriculture, and Others. The energy segment, encompassing futures linked to oil, gas, and renewable energy sources, dominated the market in 2024, accounting for the largest share. This is attributed to the increasing focus on decarbonization and the transition towards clean energy. Investors are particularly interested in futures contracts that track ESG-compliant energy producers or renewable energy indices, as these provide bot

TTF Gas rose to 35.31 EUR/MWh on July 31, 2025, up 0.84% from the previous day. Over the past month, TTF Gas's price has risen 4.18%, but it is still 4.49% lower than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. EU Natural Gas TTF - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The global Execution Services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing trading volumes, the proliferation of algorithmic trading, and a rising demand for sophisticated order management systems. The market, valued at approximately $15 billion in 2025, is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated $28 billion by 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key trends, including the increasing adoption of high-frequency trading (HFT) strategies, the growing popularity of alternative trading systems (ATS), and the continued migration to electronic trading platforms. The segment breakdown reveals significant growth across all service types (Pre-trade, Trade, and Post-trade) with Equities and Futures trading consistently leading in application-based market share. Regulatory changes and increasing cybersecurity concerns are key factors that will influence the pace of growth in the coming years. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of the market shows strong performance in North America and Europe, driven by established financial markets and advanced technological infrastructure. However, Asia-Pacific is anticipated to witness substantial growth due to the expansion of its capital markets and increasing adoption of electronic trading. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of large multinational financial institutions and specialized technology providers. These companies are constantly innovating to provide superior execution capabilities, including advanced analytics, risk management tools, and customized solutions for diverse client needs. This intense competition is driving further efficiency improvements and market fragmentation, thus accelerating innovation and shaping the future of the Execution Services market.

The global financial derivatives market is a dynamic and substantial sector, exhibiting considerable growth potential. While precise figures for market size and CAGR are unavailable, a reasonable estimation, considering the involvement of major global banking institutions and the consistent demand for risk management and investment strategies, suggests a market size exceeding $500 billion in 2025. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is likely within the range of 6-8%, driven by factors such as increased regulatory scrutiny leading to more sophisticated hedging strategies, the growing complexity of global financial markets necessitating derivative usage, and the expanding application of derivatives in areas beyond traditional hedging, including speculative arbitrage and structured products. Key trends include the rise of electronic trading platforms, increasing adoption of algorithmic trading, and the development of more complex and customized derivative products to meet specific client needs. However, the market faces certain constraints, such as regulatory changes impacting market liquidity and the inherent risks associated with complex derivative instruments, especially during times of market volatility. The market is segmented by derivative type (forwards, futures, options, swaps) and application (hedging, speculative arbitrage, others). North America and Europe currently dominate the market, followed by Asia-Pacific, which is experiencing rapid growth, particularly in China and India. The extensive participation of major global banks like Goldman Sachs, J.P. Morgan, and Deutsche Bank underscores the market's significance and the considerable competition within it. The diverse range of applications for financial derivatives across various industries and the increasing sophistication of trading strategies ensure continued market growth. Future growth will be influenced by technological advancements, shifting regulatory landscapes, and macroeconomic conditions. While inherent risks remain, the market is expected to demonstrate resilience and expansion through diversification into new markets and the ongoing development of innovative derivative products. Emerging markets represent a substantial growth opportunity, driven by economic expansion and increasing financial market participation. However, these markets also present unique challenges related to infrastructure development and regulatory frameworks. Therefore, successful market players will need to adapt to evolving market conditions and regulatory changes while effectively managing risks associated with complex derivative instruments to maintain profitability and competitiveness.

Income-Before-Tax Time Series for Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited. Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited, a commodity derivatives exchange, provides a platform to facilitate online trading of commodity derivatives in India. It offers iCOMDEX, a real-time commodity futures price indices; and trades in bullion, industrial metals, energy, and agricultural commodities. The company also provides trade clearing and settlement services; and data feed subscription and membership services. It has strategic alliances, and consultancy and collaboration agreements with various exchanges, such as CME Group, Dalian Commodity Exchange, London Metal Exchange, European Energy Exchange AG, Taiwan Futures Exchange, and Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange, Jakarta Futures Exchange, and Chittagong Stock Exchange Limited. The company was incorporated in 2002 and is based in Mumbai, India.

On July 28, 2025, the Brent crude oil price stood at 69.68 U.S. dollars per barrel, compared to 66.71 U.S. dollars for WTI oil and 70.98 U.S. dollars for the OPEC basket. Brent and OPEC prices rose slightly that week, while WTI prices fell.Europe's Brent crude oil, the U.S. WTI crude oil, and OPEC's basket are three of the most important benchmarks used by traders as reference for oil and gasoline prices. Lowest ever oil prices during coronavirus pandemic In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in crude oil prices hitting a major slump as oil demand drastically declined following lockdowns and travel restrictions. Initial outlooks and uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic brought about a disagreement between two of the largest oil producers, Russia and Saudi Arabia, in early March. Bilateral talks between global oil producers ended in agreement on April 13th, with promises to cut petroleum output and hopes rising that these might help stabilize the oil price in the coming weeks. However, with storage facilities and oil tankers quickly filling up, fears grew over where to store excess oil, leading to benchmark prices seeing record negative prices between April 20 and April 22, 2020. How crude oil prices are determined As with most commodities, crude oil prices are impacted by supply and demand, as well as inventories and market sentiment. However, as oil is most often traded in future contracts (where a contract is agreed upon while product delivery will follow in the next two to three months), market speculation is one of the principal determinants for oil prices. Traders make conclusions on how production output and consumer demand will likely develop over the coming months, leaving room for uncertainty. Spot prices differ from futures in so far as they reflect the current market price of a commodity.

Commodity Trading Risk Management (CTRM) Software Market size was valued at USD 1.23 Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 3.73 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 12.4% during the forecast period 2024-2030.

Global Commodity Trading Risk Management (CTRM) Software Market Drivers

The growth and development of the Commodity Trading Risk Management (CTRM) Software Market can be credited with a few key market drivers. Several of the major market drivers are listed below:

G Volatility in Commodity Prices: To reduce price risk and maximise trading strategies, there is a need for sophisticated risk management solutions. These fluctuations in commodity prices are caused by a variety of factors, including supply and demand dynamics, geopolitical events, weather, and economic indicators.

Commodity market globalisation: As commodity markets become more interconnected and globalised, they become more complex trading environments with a variety of counterparties, currencies, rules, and market structures. This increases the need for CTRM software to handle cross-border trading activities and compliance needs.

Regulatory Compliance Requirements: In order to ensure compliance with regulations like Dodd-Frank, EMIR, MiFID II, and REMIT, regulatory bodies like the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), and other regulatory authorities impose strict regulatory requirements and reporting obligations. This leads to the adoption of CTRM software.

In 2024, the price of natural gas in Europe reached 11 constant U.S. dollars per million British thermal units, compared with 2.2 U.S. dollars in the U.S. This was a notable decrease compared to the previous year, which had seen a steep increase in prices due to an energy supply shortage exacerbated by the Russia-Ukraine war. Since 1980, natural gas prices have typically been higher in Europe than in the United States and are expected to remain so for the coming two years. This is due to the U.S. being a significantly larger natural gas producer than Europe. What is natural gas and why is it gaining ground in the energy market? Natural gas is commonly burned in power plants with combustion turbines that generate electricity or used as a heating fuel. Given the fact that the world’s energy demand continues to grow, natural gas was seen by some industry leaders as an acceptable "bridge-fuel" to overcome the use of more emission-intensive energy sources such as coal. Subsequently, natural gas has become the main fuel for electricity generation in the U.S., while the global gas power generation share has reached over 22 percent. How domestic production shapes U.S. natural gas prices The combination of hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) and horizontal drilling can be regarded as one of the oil and gas industry’s biggest breakthroughs in decades, with the U.S. being the largest beneficiary. This technology has helped the industry release unprecedented quantities of gas from deposits, mainly shale and tar sands that were previously thought either inaccessible or uneconomic. It is forecast that U.S. shale gas production could reach 36 trillion cubic feet in 2050, up from 1.77 trillion cubic feet in 2000.