This statistics shows the results of a survey on which European Union countries think that major stock markets around the world will crash in 2018. Of the countries surveyed, Poland was the country most likely to think that major stock markets around the world will crash in 2018 at ** percent. The county least likely to believe that major stock markets around the world will crash in 2018, was Hungary at ** percent.

As of January 29, 2025, the FTSE index stood at ******** points - well above its average value of around ***** points in the past few years.On the 12th of March 2020, amid the escalating crisis surrounding the coronavirus and fears of a global recession, the FTSE 100 suffered the second largest one day crash in its history and the biggest since the 1987 market crash. On the 23rd of March, the FTSE index saw its lowest value this year to date at ******** but has since began a tentative recovery. With the continuation of the pandemic, the FTSE 100 index was making a tentative recovery between late March 2020 and early June 2020. Since then the FSTE 100 index had plateaued towards the end of July, before starting a tentative upward trend in November. FTSE 100 The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, otherwise known as the FTSE 100 Index is a share index of the 100 largest companies trading on the London Stock Exchange in terms of market capitalization. At the end of March 2024, the largest company trading on the LSE was Shell. The largest ever initial public offering (IPO) on the LSE was Glencore International plc. European stock exchanges While nearly every country in Europe has a stock exchange, only five are considered major, and have a market capital of over one trillion U.S dollars. European stock exchanges make up two of the top ten major stock markets in the world. Europe’s biggest stock exchange is the Euronext which combines seven markets based in Belgium, France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal.

This study examines the long-run price relationship and the dynamic price transmission among the USA, Germany, and four major Eastern European emerging stock markets, with particular attention to the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis. The results show that both the long-run price relationship and the dynamic price transmission were strengthened among these markets after the crisis. The influence of Germany became noticeable on all the Eastern European markets only after the crisis but not before the crisis. We also conduct a rolling generalized VAR analysis to confirm the robustness of the main findings.

The statistic shows the loss in stock market value at selected banks since the EU crisis summit was held on the 21 July, 2011 in percent. Since the EU crisis summit, the Spanish bank Banco Santander recorded a dip in stock market value amounting to 29.3 percent.

Text A, Interpreting increasing variability but lack of critical slowing down prior to crashes. Text B, Volatility. Fig A, No early warning signals for stochastic transitions driven by large but constant strength of stochasticity. Fig B, No early warning signals for stochastic transitions in agent based models driven by large but constant strength of stochasticity. Fig C, Sensitivity analysis for early warning signals of crashes in DJI. Fig D, Sensitivity of p-values for all three indicators for all crashes in DJI. Fig E, Early warning signals of major financial crashes of S&P 500 for three major crashes of 1987, 2000 and 2008. Fig F, Sensitivity analysis for all three indicators for all crashes in S&P 500. Fig G, Recent trends of EWS for S&P 500. Fig H, Early warning signals of major financial crashes of NASDAQ for three major crashes of 1987, 2000 and 2008. Fig I, Sensitivity analysis for the results of NASDAQ. Fig J, Recent trends of EWS for NASDAQ. Fig K, Onset of strong trends of indicators roughly coincide across three stock markets. Fig L, Early warning signals of financial crashes of German and UK stock indices in 2000 and 2008. Fig M, Recent trends of German (DAX) and UK (FTSE) stock market indices. Fig N, Results of volatility. Fig O, Early warning signals of financial crashes for individual firms of DJI in 2008 and Cross-correlations. (PDF)

Italy's main stock market index, the IT40, fell to 40165 points on July 22, 2025, losing 0.00% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 3.41% and is up 15.96% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Italy. Italy Stock Market Index (IT40) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

After falling below *** index points following the financial crisis at the end of 2008, the Stoxx Europe 600 Index has fluctuated significantly in recent years. As of the end of 2024, the Stoxx Europe 600 Index stood at ****** points, the highest year-end value recorded throughout the period considered.The Stoxx Europe 600 index also called the STOXX 600 is an indicator of the performance of the European stock market. It measures the performance of large mid and small-cap companies across ** countries in Europe. The number of constituents is fixed at ***.

In the first quarter of 2020, global stock indices posted substantial losses that were triggered by the outbreak of COVID-19. The period from March 6 to 18 was particularly dramatic, with several stock indices losing more than ** percent of their value. Worldwide panic hits markets From the United States to the United Kingdom, stock market indices suffered steep falls as the coronavirus pandemic created economic uncertainty. The Nasdaq 100 and S&P 500 are two indices that track company performance in the United States, and both lost value as lockdowns were introduced in the country. European markets also recorded significant slumps, which triggered panic selling among investors. The FTSE 100 – the leading share index of companies in the UK – plunged by as much as ** percent in the opening weeks of March 2020. Is it time to invest in tech stocks? The S&P 500 is regarded as the best representation of the U.S. economy because it includes more companies from the leading industries. However, helped in no small part by its focus on tech companies, the Nasdaq 100 has risen in popularity and seen remarkable growth in recent years. Global demand for digital technologies has increased further due to the coronavirus, with remote working and online shopping becoming part of the new normal. As a result, more investors are likely to switch to the tech stocks listed on the Nasdaq 100.

European airline stocks recently saw their worst drop in over six months, driven by declining bookings and rising fuel costs, despite earlier gains from strong summer bookings.

Context

This data presented is collected over many years by Carmen Reinhart (with her coauthors Ken Rogoff, Christoph Trebesch, and Vincent Reinhart). These include Banking Crisis dates for more than 21 European countries from 1800-2016, exchange rate crises, stock market crises, sovereign debt growth and default, and many other data series.

Content

The dataset specifically focuses on the Banking, Debt, Financial, Inflation, and Systemic Crises that occurred, from 1800 to 2016, in 13 European countries, including: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.

Acknowledgements

Reinhart, C., Rogoff, K., Trebesch, C. and Reinhart, V. (2019) Global Crises Data by Country. [online] https://www.hbs.edu/behavioral-finance-and-financial-stability/data. Available at: https://www.hbs.edu/behavioral-finance-and-financial-stability/data/Pages/global.aspx [Accessed: 1 September 2020].

Inspiration

Study about the economic factors in European Countries. Carry out various experimental results which can significantly improve the generalization performance for systemic crises using historical financial data of European countries over the past 200 years.

The Europe Airbag Systems Market is Segmented by Component Type (Air Bag Module, Crash Sensors, Monitoring Unit and Others), Coating Type (Neoprene Coated, Non-Coated, Silicone Coated and Others), Vehicle Type (Passenger Car, Commercial Vehicle), and Country.

In the decade after the 2008 financial crisis, pension providers across faced challenging conditions thanks to interest rates falling to historical lows, affecting the returns on fixed-income investments, like bonds. Revenue is expected to drop at a compound annual rate of 2.6% over the five years through 2025 to €517.9 billion, including a forecast climb of 2.5% in 2025. Profit has also edged downwards due to higher interest rates and geopolitical tensions hitting equity and bond markets, though the average industry profit margin still stands strong, at an estimated 43.7% in 2025. Pension providers invest the contributions of policyholders into investment markets like bonds and equity to ensure their assets can meet their liabilities – the benefits paid to retirees. Pension funds invest heavily in bond markets due to their relatively low risk and low volatility. However, this type of fixed-income investment has struggled since 2022 in the rising base rate environment, which saw yields skyrocket and bond prices plummet, hitting investment income. Despite interest rates coming down over the two years through 2025, bond values have remained extremely volatile, creating difficulties in calculating long-term planning and the solvency of funds. Bond markets have also been clouded by ongoing uncertainty surrounding upcoming rate cuts and trade tensions, eroding investment income. Equity markets have experienced a similarly volatile period over recent years, with investors pricing rate cuts at the tail-end of 2023, inciting hefty capital flows and supporting investment income for funds exposed to the asset class. In 2024, US equities performed particularly well due to the dominance of big-tech companies and the excitement surrounding AI. However, Trump’s erratic policies have incited a shift away from US markets in 2025, aiding pension funds with exposure to European markets, which are seen as less risky. Revenue is anticipated to climb at a compound annual rate of 6% over the five years through 2030 to €691.5 billion, while the average industry profit margin is estimated to swell to 45.3% in 2030. The shift towards European markets is set to continue in the short term. However, governments must be proactive in taking measures to capitalise on this demand. This would involve the expansion of a safe investment base of sovereign bonds jointly issued by euro members, overcoming the investment headaches that traditionally arose from fragmented national government bond markets and creating a liquid market for pension funds to exploit, aiding investment income. However, an ageing population will remain a concern for pension providers as more people retire and claim their retirement benefits, ratcheting up liabilities.

Formaat: MP4Omvang: 47,2 Mb27 February 2008Online beschikbaar: [01-12-2014]Standard Youtube LicenseUploaded on Jun 11, 2008Video summary of the ALDE workshop "The International Financial Crisis: Its causes and what to do about it?"Event date: 27/02/08 14:00 to 18:00Location: Room ASP 5G2, European Parliament, BrusselsThis workshop will bring together Members of the European Parliament, economists, academics and journalists as well as representatives of the European Commission to discuss the lessons that have to be drawn from the recent financial crisis caused by the US sub-prime mortgage market.With the view of the informal ECOFIN meeting in April which will look at the financial sector supervision and crisis management mechanisms, this workshop aims at debating a wide range of topics including:- how to improve the existing supervisory framework,- how to combat the opacity of financial markets and improve transparency requirements,- how to address the rating agencies' performance and conflict of interest,- what regulatory lessons are to be learnt in order to avoid a repetition of the sub-prime and the resulting credit crunch.PROGRAMME14:00 - 14:10 Opening remarks: Graham Watson, leader of the of the ALDE Group14:10 - 14:25 Keynote speech by Charlie McCreevy, Commissioner for the Internal Market and Services, European Commission14:25 - 14:40 Presentation by Daniel Daianu, MEP (ALDE) of his background paper14:40 - 15:30 Panel I: Current features of the financial systems and the main causes of the current international crisis.-John Purvis, MEP EPP-Eric De Keuleneer, Solvay Business School, Free University of Brussels-Nigel Phipps, Head of European Regulatory Affairs Moody's-Wolfgang Munchau, journalist Financial Times-Robert Priester, European Banking Federation (EBF), Head of Department Banking Supervision and Financial Markets-Ray Kinsella, Director of the Centre for Insurance Studies University College Dublin-Servaas Deroose, Director ECFIN.C, Macroeconomy of the euro area and the EU, European Commission-Leke Van den Burg, MEP PSE-David Smith, Visiting Professor at Derby Business School

Post-crisis export economy profile (2011–2016) for competitor economies in main European tomato markets.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier market size will be USD XX million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.50% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.7% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.9% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2% from 2024 to 2031.
The Guardrails Energy Absorbent Terminals (GEAT) currently dominate the automotive crash test rigid barrier market due to their effective design in minimizing the severity of impacts during collisions

Market Dynamics of Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market

Key Drivers for Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market

Stringent Regulatory Standards Driving Safety Compliance to Boost Market Growth

One of the primary drivers in the Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market is the increasing stringency of safety regulations imposed by governments and global safety agencies. Regulatory bodies, such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP), are continuously raising safety benchmarks, pushing automakers to enhance vehicle crashworthiness. This is resulting in a higher demand for advanced crash test barriers that meet these regulatory requirements. As manufacturers strive to achieve high safety ratings, the market for rigid barriers used in testing vehicles against simulated crash conditions is expanding, propelling the industry's growth. For instance, In June 2022, Trinity Highway Products LLC Signed an agreement with Highway Care Ltd. Produce, sell and rent the MASH-tested Highway Guard Barriers in North America. With this partnership, trinity highway broadened its commitment to offer innovative roadway solutions of highway gourd to Mexico, USA, and Canada

Growing Consumer Awareness of Vehicle Safety Features to Drive Market Growth

The rise in consumer awareness regarding vehicle safety has also become a significant market driver. With safety ratings becoming a critical factor in purchasing decisions, automakers are under pressure to demonstrate the crash resilience of their vehicles. As a result, automotive companies are investing heavily in advanced crash testing to meet consumer expectations for safety. This increasing emphasis on passenger protection and crashworthiness has fueled the demand for rigid barriers, as they are essential for conducting comprehensive and reliable crash tests. Enhanced safety technologies and the integration of autonomous driving systems further underscore the need for precise and accurate crash test equipment.

Restraint Factor for the Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market

High Costs of Crash Testing Infrastructure, will Limit Market Growth

A key restraint in the Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market is the high cost associated with setting up and maintaining advanced crash testing infrastructure. Rigid barriers, testing facilities, and the necessary high-tech equipment required for accurate simulations and assessments involve substantial capital investment. Smaller automotive manufacturers and testing labs may struggle to meet these financial demands, which can slow down the adoption of advanced crash test systems. Additionally, the continuous need for equipment upgrades to comply with evolving safety standards adds to the overall cost burden, creating a significant barrier to market growth.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market

The COVID-19 pandemic had a mixed impact on the Automotive Crash Test Rigid Barrier Market. During the peak of the pandemic, disruptions in global supply chains, ...

The global vehicle crash test barrier market is experiencing robust growth, driven by stringent vehicle safety regulations worldwide and the increasing demand for advanced crash testing facilities. The market, estimated at $500 million in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated value of $900 million by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors including the rising production of vehicles globally, particularly in developing economies like India and China, increasing adoption of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), and a growing focus on improving pedestrian safety. The market is segmented by application (commercial vehicles and passenger cars) and type (side impact barriers and frontal impact barriers). The passenger car segment currently holds a larger market share, but the commercial vehicle segment is anticipated to witness significant growth owing to increasing regulations on heavy-duty vehicles. Technological advancements in barrier designs, incorporating lighter and more durable materials, are further contributing to market expansion. Key players in the market such as Argosy, AFL Honeycomb, Plascore, Cellbond, and MESSRING GmbH are focusing on innovation and strategic partnerships to gain a competitive edge. The regional landscape presents varied opportunities, with North America and Europe currently leading the market. However, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to demonstrate the highest growth rate over the forecast period due to rapid industrialization and increasing vehicle production. Despite the positive outlook, challenges such as the high initial investment required for crash test facilities and fluctuating raw material prices might pose restraints to market growth. Nevertheless, the increasing focus on safety standards and the evolving landscape of automotive technology is expected to propel significant expansion in the vehicle crash test barrier market in the coming years.

The global automobile crash test male model market is experiencing robust growth, driven by stringent automotive safety regulations worldwide and the increasing demand for advanced crash testing technologies. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $500 million, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several factors, including the rising production of passenger cars and commercial vehicles, the development of more sophisticated crash test models reflecting diverse anthropometric data, and the increasing adoption of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) necessitating rigorous testing. Segmentation reveals significant contributions from frontal and side crash test models, with passenger car applications currently dominating the market share. Leading players like Humanetics, Kistler Group, and JASTI Co., Ltd. are driving innovation in material science and sensor technology, leading to more realistic and accurate crash test simulations. The market's regional distribution sees North America and Europe holding substantial shares, attributable to established automotive industries and robust safety standards. However, emerging economies in Asia-Pacific, particularly China and India, are poised for rapid growth due to expanding automotive production and rising disposable incomes. The continued evolution of crash test dummies, incorporating improvements in biofidelity and the ability to simulate a wider range of accident scenarios, will further propel market expansion. Furthermore, the increasing focus on pedestrian safety and the development of models specifically designed for pedestrian impact testing will present lucrative growth opportunities. While regulatory changes and economic fluctuations could pose some restraints, the overall long-term outlook for the automobile crash test male model market remains exceptionally positive, driven by unwavering commitment to enhancing vehicle safety globally. The projected market size in 2033 is estimated to be over $900 million, reflecting a substantial expansion over the forecast period.

The global automobile crash test female model market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing safety regulations, advancements in automotive technology, and a growing awareness of gender-specific differences in crash biomechanics. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $150 million, reflecting a significant rise from previous years. This growth is projected to continue at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% from 2025 to 2033, indicating a substantial market expansion over the forecast period. Key market drivers include the rising demand for accurate crash simulation data to improve vehicle safety for female occupants, stringent government regulations mandating the use of female crash test dummies, and the increasing adoption of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). The market is segmented by crash test type (frontal and side) and vehicle application (passenger cars and commercial vehicles), with passenger cars currently dominating due to higher production volumes. Leading players like Humanetics, Kistler Group, and JASTI Co., Ltd. are actively engaged in research and development to enhance the accuracy and sophistication of female crash test models, contributing to market growth. The regional market is diverse, with North America and Europe holding significant market share due to established automotive industries and stringent safety standards. However, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to witness considerable growth in the coming years, fueled by rising vehicle production and increasing adoption of safety regulations in developing economies like China and India. Despite the positive outlook, the market faces certain challenges, such as the high cost of advanced crash test models and the need for ongoing research to refine their accuracy. Nevertheless, the market is poised for continued growth, driven by a combination of technological advancements, regulatory pressure, and a commitment to improving overall road safety for all occupants.

The intelligent crash sensor market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing vehicle safety regulations, the rising adoption of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), and the escalating demand for connected car technologies. The market, valued at approximately $2.5 billion in 2025, is projected to witness a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated market size of $8 billion by 2033. Key market drivers include the integration of these sensors into increasingly sophisticated safety features like autonomous emergency braking (AEB), lane departure warning (LDW), and adaptive cruise control (ACC). Furthermore, advancements in sensor technologies, such as the development of more accurate and reliable sensor fusion algorithms, are contributing to market expansion. The automotive industry's ongoing shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) also presents a significant opportunity, as EVs often require more advanced safety systems compared to their internal combustion engine counterparts.
However, market growth is not without challenges. High initial costs associated with the implementation of these advanced sensors and the potential for data privacy concerns related to the collection and transmission of accident data represent significant restraints. Market segmentation is largely driven by sensor type (e.g., accelerometer, gyroscope, radar), vehicle type (passenger cars, commercial vehicles), and geographical region. North America and Europe currently hold significant market shares due to stringent safety regulations and high vehicle production volumes. However, developing economies in Asia-Pacific are expected to exhibit substantial growth in the coming years, driven by increasing vehicle ownership and rising infrastructure development. Competitive landscape analysis reveals a mix of established automotive component suppliers and emerging technology companies vying for market share through continuous innovation and strategic partnerships.

The global market for automobile crash test female models is experiencing significant growth, driven by increasing awareness of gender-specific safety concerns and stricter regulations mandating the use of anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) representing a wider demographic. The market, estimated at $150 million in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $275 million by 2033. This growth is fueled by advancements in ATD technology, allowing for more accurate simulation of female biomechanics in crashes, leading to improved vehicle safety designs tailored to female occupants. Key market drivers include the rising demand for enhanced safety standards, growing female vehicle ownership, and increasing regulatory pressure to incorporate female-specific crash test data. Leading companies like Humanetics, Kistler Group, and Cellbond are driving innovation in this space, investing in R&D to develop more sophisticated and realistic female ATDs. However, the market also faces certain restraints. The high cost of developing and maintaining advanced ATDs can be a barrier to entry for smaller companies. Furthermore, the complexity of accurately modeling female biomechanics necessitates ongoing research and development, which can impact short-term profitability. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for the automobile crash test female model market remains positive, as the focus on improving overall vehicle safety and addressing gender-specific safety disparities continues to grow. Market segmentation is likely driven by ATD type (e.g., full-body, upper-body), application (e.g., frontal impact, side impact), and geographic region.