Complete energy balances

Simplified energy balances - annual data

This table shows the supply, transformation and the consumption of energy in a balance sheet. Energy is released - among other things - during the combustion of for example natural gas, petroleum, hard coal and biofuels. Energy can also be obtained from electricity or heat, or extracted from natural resources, e.g. wind or solar energy. In energy statistics all these sources of energy are known as energy commodities.

The supply side of the balance sheet includes indigenous production of energy, net imports and exports and net stock changes. This is mentioned primary energy supply, because this is the amount of energy available for transformation or consumption in the country.

For energy transformation, the table gives figures on the transformation input (amount of energy used to make other energy commodities), the transformation output (amount of energy made from other energy commodities) and net energy transformation. The latter is the amount of energy lost during the transformation of energy commodities.

Then the energy balance sheet shows the final consumption of energy. First, it refers to the own use and distribution losses. After deduction of these amounts remains the final consumption of energy customers. This comprises the final energy consumption and non-energy use. The final energy consumption is the energy consumers utilize for energy purposes. It is specified for successively industry, transport and other customers, broken down into various sub-sectors. The last form of energy is the non-energy use. This is the use of an energy commodity for a product that is not energy.

Data available: From 1946.

Status of the figures: All figures up to and including 2022 are definite. Figures for 2023 and 2024 are revised provisional.

Changes as of July 2025: Compiling figures on solar electricity took more time than scheduled. Consequently, not all StatLine tables on energy contain the most recent 2024 data on production for solar electricity. This table contains the outdated data from June 2025. The most recent figures are 5 percent higher for 2024 solar electricity production. These figures are in these two tables (in Dutch): - StatLine - Zonnestroom; vermogen en vermogensklasse, bedrijven en woningen, regio - StatLine - Hernieuwbare energie; zonnestroom, windenergie, RES-regio Next update is scheduled in November 2025. From that moment all figures will be fully consistent again. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Changes as of June 2025: Figures for 2024 have been updated.

Changes as of March 19th 2025: For all reporting years the underlying code for 'Total crudes, fossil fraction' is adjusted. Figures have not been changed.

Changes as of March 17th 2025: Provisional figures of 2024 have been added.

Changes as of November 15th 2024: The structure of the table has been adjusted. This concerns the classification into energy commodities, section 'other energy commodities'. The new classification ensures that it is now exactly in line with the classification used by Eurostat when publishing the Energy Balance Sheet. This table has also been revised for 2015 to 2021 as a result of new methods that have also been applied for 2022 and 2023. This concerns the following components: final energy consumption of LPG, distribution of final energy consumption of motor gasoline and transfer of energy consumption of the nuclear industry from industry to the energy sector. The natural gas consumption of the wood and wood products industry has also been improved so that it is more comparable over time. This concerns changes of a maximum of a few PJ.

Changes as of June 7th 2024: Revised provisional figures of 2023 have been added.

Changes as of April 26th 2024:

• Provisional figures of 2023 have been added.

The energy balance has been revised for 2015 and later on a limited number of points. The most important is the following: 1. For solid biomass and municipal waste, the most recent data have been included. Furthermore data were affected by integration with figures for a new, yet to be published StatLine table on the supply of solid biomass. As a result, there are some changes in imports, exports and indigenous production of biomass of a maximum of a few PJ. 2. In the case of natural gas, an improvement has been made in the processing of data for stored LNG, which causes a shift between stock changes, imports and exports of a maximum of a few PJ. 3. Data for final energy consumption of blended biofuels per subsector in transport were incorrectly excluded. These have now been made visible.

Changes as of March 25th 2024: The energy balance has been revised and restructured. It concerns mainly a different way of dealing with biofuels that are mixed with fossil fuels.

European energy balances by country and fuel.

For more information, see: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/nrg_bal_esms.htm .

(i) The energy balance is the most complete statistical accounting of energy products and their flow in the economy. The energy balance allows users to see the total amount of energy extracted from the environment, traded, transformed and used by different types of end-users. It also allows seeing the relative contribution of each energy carrier (fuel, product). (ii) Basic data on energy quantities are given in fuel specific units e.g. solid and liquid fuels in thousand tonnes, electricity in Gigawatt-hours, heat and gases in terajoules (TJ). The basic energy quantities data are converted to energy units, i.e. in Terajoules and Tonnes of oil equivalent to allow comparison of different fuel types. (iii) Annual data collection cover in principle the EU Member States, EFTA, EU candidate countries, and potential candidate countries. (iv) Data are obtained from the National Administrations competent for energy statistics. Questionnaires in standardized electronic format are collected from the national authorities via data transmission over the Internet.

European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E: Electricity data was reported at 45.299 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 41.249 % for 2022. European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E: Electricity data is updated yearly, averaging 27.685 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2023, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 45.299 % in 2023 and a record low of 15.871 % in 2004. European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E: Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.RB015: Renewable Energy: Share: by Energy Balance.

The Swiss total energy statistics provide information on the production, import/export, storage, conversion and consumption of the various energy sources in Switzerland on an annual basis (energy balance). The final energy consumption of wood, coal, waste and industrial waste, petroleum products, gas, other renewable energies (biogenic fuels, biogas, sun, environmental heat), electricity and district heating is shown for households, industry, services, transport and statistical difference including agriculture. The production of electricity is presented according to generation technologies and the production of district heating by energy input. Energy trade and end-user expenditure are also reported. In addition, energy price developments and some economic indicators are listed (sources: BFS, SECO). Swiss total energy statistics are part of Switzerland’s public statistics (legal basis: BStatG).

The domain ‘Energy’ covers a broad spectrum of data.

Energy quantities: Annual data on crude oil, oil products, natural gas, electricity, solid fuels and renewables covering the full spectrum of the energy balance positions from supply through transformation to final energy consumption by sector and fuel type. Monthly data on crude oil, oil products, natural gas, electricity and solid fuels, covering mainly the supply side.

Energy prices: Half-yearly data on electricity and natural gas prices both for industrial end-users as well as for households; together with pump prices of premium unleaded gasoline 95 RON and diesel oil, as well as prices of heating oil and residual fuel oil. Prices are provided without taxes, with VAT and with all taxes included in monetary units (euro, national currencies and purchasing power parities).

Energy indicators: Seven selected energy indicators belonging to the major collection ‘Structural indicators’ and four indicators belonging to the collection ‘Euro indicators’ are included.

European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E data was reported at 24.554 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 23.058 % for 2022. European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E data is updated yearly, averaging 17.038 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2023, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.554 % in 2023 and a record low of 9.605 % in 2004. European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.RB015: Renewable Energy: Share: by Energy Balance.

This table contains figures on the supply and consumption of energy broken down by sector and by energy commodity. The energy supply is equal to the indigenous production of energy plus the receipts minus the deliveries of energy plus the stock changes. Consumption of energy is equal to the sum of own use, distribution losses, final energy consumption, non-energy use and the total net energy transformation. For each sector, the supply of energy is equal to the consumption of energy.

For some energy commodities, the total of the observed domestic deliveries is not exactly equal to the sum of the observed domestic receipts. For these energy commodities, a statistical difference arises that can not be attributed to a sector.

The breakdown into sectors follows mainly the classification as is customary in international energy statistics. This classification is based on functions of various sectors in the energy system and for several break downs on the international Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). There are two main sectors: the energy sector (companies with main activity indigenous production or transformation of energy) and energy consumers (other companies, vehicles and dwellings). In addition to a breakdown by sector, there is also a breakdown by energy commodity, such as coal, various petroleum products, natural gas, renewable energy, electricity and heat and other energy commodities like non renewable waste.

The definitions used in this table are exactly in line with the definitions in the Energy Balance table; supply, transformation and consumption. That table does not contain a breakdown by sector (excluding final energy consumption), but it does provide information about imports, exports and bunkering and also provides more detail about the energy commodities.

Data available: From: 1990.

Status of the figures: Figures up to and including 2022 are definite. Figures for 2023 and 2024 are revised provisional.

Changes as of July 2025: Compiling figures on solar electricity took more time than scheduled. Consequently, not all StatLine tables on energy contain the most recent 2024 data on production for solar electricity. This table contains the outdated data from June 2025. The most recent figures are 5 percent higher for 2024 solar electricity production. These figures are in these two tables (in Dutch): - StatLine - Zonnestroom; vermogen en vermogensklasse, bedrijven en woningen, regio - StatLine - Hernieuwbare energie; zonnestroom, windenergie, RES-regio Next update is scheduled in November 2025. From that moment all figures will be fully consistent again. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Changes as of June 2025: Figures for 2024 have been updated.

Changes as of March 17th 2025: For all reporting years the underlying code for 'Total crudes, fossil fraction' and 'Total kerosene, fossiel fraction' is adjusted. Figures have not been changed.

Changes as of November 15th 2024: The structure of the table has been adjusted. The adjustment concerns the division into sectors, with the aluminum industry now being distinguished separately within the non-ferrous metal sector. This table has also been revised for 2015 to 2021 as a result of new methods that have also been applied for 2022 and 2023. This concerns the following components: final energy consumption of LPG, distribution of final energy consumption of motor gasoline, sector classification of gas oil/diesel within the services and transfer of energy consumption of the nuclear industry from industry to the energy sector. The natural gas consumption of the wood and wood products industry has also been improved so that it is more comparable over time. This concerns changes of a maximum of a few PJ.

Changes as of June 7th 2024: Revised provisional figures of 2023 have been added.

Changes as of April 26th of 2024 The energy balance has been revised for 2015 and later on a limited number of points. The most important is the following: 1. For solid biomass and municipal waste, the most recent data have been included. Furthermore data were affected by integration with figures for a new, yet to be published StatLine table on the supply of solid biomass. As a result, there are some changes in receipts of energy, deliveries of energy and indigenous production of biomass of a maximum of a few PJ. 2. In the case of natural gas, an improvement has been made in the processing of data for stored LNG, which causes a shift between stock changes, receipts of energy and deliveries of energy of a maximum of a few PJ.

Changes as of March 25th of 2024: The energy balance has been revised and restructured. This concerns mainly the following: 1. Different way of dealing with biofuels that have been mixed with fossil fuels 2. A breakdown of the natural gas balance of agriculture into greenhouse horticulture and other agriculture. 3. Final consumption of electricity in services

The European Commission DG ENERGY produce on biannual basis the energy statistical datasheets. They contain an overview of the EU as a whole as well as individual country profiles, based on data from Eurostat and from the EU greenhouse gas monitoring mechanism. These datasheets cover the period between 1990 and the last year available in the European statistics and contain data on: energy balance, electricity production, heat production, cogeneration heat and power, energy markets indicators, transport fuels, main energy indicators, greenhouse gas emissions. They are arranged in a tabular ready-to-use format, and are a very useful tool for anyone, both experts and members of the general public, looking for fast access to statistical data on energy in the EU and its member countries.

Energy balance - ENP-South countries

Analysis of ‘Energy statistical datasheets for the EU countries’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/information-on-energy-markets-in-eu-countries-with-national-energy-profiles on 06 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

The European Commission DG ENERGY produce on biannual basis the energy statistical datasheets. They contain an overview of the EU as a whole as well as individual country profiles, based on data from Eurostat and from the EU greenhouse gas monitoring mechanism. These datasheets cover the period between 1990 and the last year available in the European statistics and contain data on: energy balance, electricity production, heat production, cogeneration heat and power, energy markets indicators, transport fuels, main energy indicators, greenhouse gas emissions. They are arranged in a tabular ready-to-use format, and are a very useful tool for anyone, both experts and members of the general public, looking for fast access to statistical data on energy in the EU and its member countries.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E: Heating & Cooling data was reported at 26.237 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 24.917 % for 2022. European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E: Heating & Cooling data is updated yearly, averaging 19.486 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2023, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.237 % in 2023 and a record low of 11.735 % in 2004. European Union Renewable Energy Sources: Share: EU 27E: Heating & Cooling data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.RB015: Renewable Energy: Share: by Energy Balance.

Sweden - Net trade balance of energy products was EUR-0.70 Million in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Sweden - Net trade balance of energy products - last updated from the EUROSTAT on July of 2025. Historically, Sweden - Net trade balance of energy products reached a record high of EUR-0.70 Million in December of 2024 and a record low of EUR-1.90 Million in December of 2008.

Spain - Net trade balance of energy products was EUR-1.90 Million in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Spain - Net trade balance of energy products - last updated from the EUROSTAT on July of 2025. Historically, Spain - Net trade balance of energy products reached a record high of EUR-1.30 Million in December of 2020 and a record low of EUR-3.80 Million in December of 2022.

With the sudden embargo of Russian energy imports by the states of the European Union in reaction to Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, many countries moved towards importing energy from the Netherlands. The country is the EU's largest energy exporter due to being one of the home countries of Shell (formerly Royal Dutch Shell until 2022). As of 2024, the countries which import the most energy from other member states include the EU's two largest economies, Germany and France, with Germany having a negative import value of -21585.3 and France at -10187.9.

Physical energy flow accounts totals bridging to energy balances totals

Germany - Net trade balance of energy products was EUR-1.70 Million in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Germany - Net trade balance of energy products - last updated from the EUROSTAT on June of 2025. Historically, Germany - Net trade balance of energy products reached a record high of EUR-1.20 Million in December of 2020 and a record low of EUR-3.50 Million in December of 2012.

This dataset consists of a series of maps of the EU in TIFF format with the demand of the main groups of energy products from each category of economic activity, according to the energy balances for 2019 and the 1x1 km reference grid from EUROSTAT. The energy demand is expressed in tonnes of oil equivalent (toe). The dataset also includes for each TIFF map the corresponding OVR and XML files that might be needed by some users. Each map is named as "product_activity_demand_2019.tif". The groups of energy products considered are: solid (solid fossil fuels), oil (oil and petroleum products), gas (natural gas), others (manufactured gases, oil shale, and peat and peat products), renewables (renewables and biofuels), nuclear (nuclear heat), heat, and electricity. The economic activities are: tri (transformation inputs), neu (non-energy use), ind (industry), tra (transport), and oth (other sectors: commercial and public services, households, agriculture and fishing).