The EUR/USD exchange rate rose to 1.1619 on December 2, 2025, up 0.08% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD has strengthened 0.86%, and is up by 10.57% over the last 12 months. Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Sweden NIER Forecast: Exchange Rate: US Dollar data was reported at 7.500 SEK/USD in 2028. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.600 SEK/USD for 2027. Sweden NIER Forecast: Exchange Rate: US Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 7.400 SEK/USD from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2028, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.300 SEK/USD in 2001 and a record low of 4.200 SEK/USD in 1980. Sweden NIER Forecast: Exchange Rate: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Economic Research. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Sweden – Table SE.M020: Foreign Exchange Rate: Forecast: National Institute of Economic Research.

The DXY exchange rate rose to 99.4202 on December 2, 2025, up 0.01% from the previous session. Over the past month, the United States Dollar has weakened 0.45%, and is down by 6.53% over the last 12 months. United States Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Russia MED Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: Year Average: US Dollar: Conservative Scenario data was reported at 75.156 RUB/USD in 2036. This records an increase from the previous number of 74.739 RUB/USD for 2035. Russia MED Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: Year Average: US Dollar: Conservative Scenario data is updated yearly, averaging 71.279 RUB/USD from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2036, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 75.156 RUB/USD in 2036 and a record low of 58.335 RUB/USD in 2017. Russia MED Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: Year Average: US Dollar: Conservative Scenario data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.ME002: Foreign Exchange Rate: Year Average: US Dollar: Forecast: Ministry of Economic Development.

Between 2025 and 2029, the U.S. dollar to Polish zloty exchange rate in Poland is expected to remain stable at ****** zloty per one U.S. dollar.

Luxembourg STATEC Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data was reported at 1.180 USD/EUR in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.130 USD/EUR for 2017. Luxembourg STATEC Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data is updated yearly, averaging 1.155 USD/EUR from Dec 2017 (Median) to 2018, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.180 USD/EUR in 2018 and a record low of 1.130 USD/EUR in 2017. Luxembourg STATEC Forecast: Foreign Exchange Rate: US Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Portal of Statistics of Luxembourg. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Luxembourg – Table LU.M009: Foreign Exchange Rate: Forecast: The Portal of Statistics of Luxembourg.

The euro-to-dollar exchange rate fluctuated significantly in 2022, reaching its lowest recorded value since 2008 during that time. Figures were different later in the year, however, with a rate of 1.15 USD recorded at the end of November 4, 2025. The average (standardized) measure is based on the calculation of many observations throughout the period in question. It is therefore different from an annual measure at a point, which reflects concrete values as of end of the year.EstablishmentThe euro, which was established in 1992, introduced in non-physical form in 1999 and finally rolled out in 2002, is used by 19 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of countries is otherwise known as the eurozone or euro area. By 2018, the total value of euro currency in circulation was almost 1.2 trillion euros, or over 3.4 thousand euros per capita.Euro to USDBetween 2001 and 2008, the average annual exchange rate of the euro to the U.S. dollar noted a steep increase. In 2008, the euro to U.S. dollar annual average exchange rate was equal to 1.47, which meant that one euro could buy 1.47 U.S. dollars. By 2019, this value had decreased overall, to a value of 1.12 which meant that one euro could buy 1.12 U.S. dollars. Similar dynamics in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate were also reflected in the monthly exchange rate recently.

Monthly and long-term United States Exchange Rate data: historical series and analyst forecasts curated by FocusEconomics.

The USD/CAD exchange rate fell to 1.3994 on December 2, 2025, down 0.04% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Canadian Dollar has strengthened 0.44%, and is up by 0.54% over the last 12 months. Canadian Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Canadian Dollars to U.S. Dollar Spot Exchange Rate (DEXCAUS) from 1971-01-04 to 2025-11-28 about Canada, exchange rate, currency, rate, and USA.

The USD/TWD exchange rate fell to 31.4070 on December 2, 2025, down 0.01% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Taiwanese Dollar has weakened 1.54%, but it's up by 3.52% over the last 12 months. Taiwanese Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

Mexico BDM Forecast: Exchange Rate against US$: Average: Plus 2 Years data was reported at 20.780 MXN/USD in Mar 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 20.890 MXN/USD for Feb 2019. Mexico BDM Forecast: Exchange Rate against US$: Average: Plus 2 Years data is updated monthly, averaging 18.475 MXN/USD from Nov 2001 (Median) to Mar 2019, with 52 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.050 MXN/USD in Dec 2016 and a record low of 10.360 MXN/USD in Dec 2001. Mexico BDM Forecast: Exchange Rate against US$: Average: Plus 2 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Mexico. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.M006: Foreign Exchange Rates: Forecast.

The USD/BRL exchange rate fell to 5.3270 on December 2, 2025, down 0.55% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Brazilian Real has strengthened 0.57%, and is up by 11.87% over the last 12 months. Brazilian Real - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Title: Currency Exchange Rate Prediction: INR to USD (August 2019 - February 2023)

Abstract:

This comprehensive dataset, named "historical_data.csv," presents a meticulous record of the Indian Rupee (INR) to US Dollar (USD) exchange rates over a significant timeframe spanning from August 3rd, 2019, to February 3rd, 2023. With a meticulous collection of data encompassing various financial metrics, including Date, Close/Last, Volume, Open, High, and Low prices, this dataset offers a valuable resource for researchers, analysts, and machine learning enthusiasts aiming to predict and understand currency fluctuations between these two major global currencies.

Dataset Description:

The "historical_data.csv" dataset offers a wide array of financial metrics for each trading day, enabling researchers to delve into the intricate dynamics of the INR to USD exchange rate. The dataset features the following columns:

Date: The date of the trading day, spanning from August 3rd, 2019, to February 3rd, 2023. Close/Last: The closing or last recorded exchange rate for the given trading day. Volume: The trading volume for the given day, providing insights into market activity. Open: The opening exchange rate at the start of the trading day. High: The highest exchange rate recorded during the trading day. Low: The lowest exchange rate recorded during the trading day.

Potential Applications:

This dataset holds substantial potential for various applications and research endeavours, including but not limited to:

Currency Forecasting: Researchers and analysts can leverage historical data to develop and test predictive models for forecasting INR to USD exchange rates, contributing to enhanced decision-making in financial markets. Market Analysis: The dataset can be used to conduct in-depth analyses of market trends, patterns, and volatility, aiding traders and investors in making informed trading strategies. Risk Assessment: Financial institutions can use the data to assess and manage currency-related risks, optimizing their exposure to INR to USD fluctuations. Algorithmic Trading: Developers can utilize this dataset to design and evaluate algorithmic trading strategies based on historical exchange rate movements. Economic Research: Economists and researchers can explore the dataset to uncover insights into the broader economic factors influencing currency exchange rates. Citation: If you find this dataset useful for your research or analysis, we kindly request that you acknowledge its source by providing a citation. You can use the following citation format:

Author(s), "Currency Exchange Rate Prediction: INR to USD (August 2019 - February 2023)," Dataset, Year, [URL].

Note: While this dataset offers a wealth of information, users are advised to exercise due diligence and apply appropriate data preprocessing techniques before conducting analysis or developing predictive models.

Explore the intricate world of currency exchange rates with our meticulously curated "historical_data.csv" dataset. Uncover valuable insights, make informed decisions, and contribute to the advancement of financial research and analysis.

A graphic that displays the dollar performance against other currencies reveals that economic developments had mixed results on currency exchanges. The third quarter of 2023 marked a period of disinflation in the euro area, while China's projected growth was projected to go up. The United States economy was said to have a relatively strong performance in Q3 2023, although growing capital market interest rate and the resumption of student loan repayments might dampen this growth at the end of 2023. A relatively weak Japanese yen Q3 2023 saw pressure from investors towards Japanese authorities on how they would respond to the situation surrounding the Japanese yen. The USD/JPY rate was close to ***, whereas analysts suspected it should be around ** given the country's purchase power parity. The main reason for this disparity is said to be the differences in central bank interest rates between the United States, the euro area, and Japan. Any future aggressive changes from, especially the U.S. Fed might lower those differences. Financial markets responded somewhat disappoint when Japan did not announce major plans to tackle the situation. Potential rent decreases in 2024 Central bank rates peak in 2023, although it is expected that some of these will decline in early 2024. That said, analysts expect overall policies will remain restrictive. For example, the Bank of England's interest rate remained unchanged at **** percent in Q3 2023. It is believed the United Kingdom's central bank will ease its interest rate in 2024 but less than either the U.S. Fed or the European Central Bank. This should be a positive development for the pound compared to either the euro or the dollar.

View the live USD/MXN rate, historical performance, and forecasts for the Mexican Peso. Stay up to date with charts, data, and analysis from Trading Economics.

Monthly and long-term Japan Exchange Rate data: historical series and analyst forecasts curated by FocusEconomics.

This dataset offers a comprehensive view of daily currency exchange rates, from 2008 to 2023. Currency rates can be affected by various factors, including interest rates, inflation, political instability, economic performance, and global market developments. Understanding these rates over time can provide valuable insights into economic trends, market behaviors, and the impacts of global events on currency values.

The currency pairs included in this dataset are: USD to INR (INR=X) USD to JPY (JPY=X) USD to EUR (EUR=X) USD to GBP (GBP=X) USD to AUD (AUD=X) USD to CAD (CAD=X) USD to CHF (CHF=X) USD to CNY (CNY=X) USD to HKD (HKD=X) USD to SGD (SGD=X)

Each row in the dataset represents a single day and includes the following columns:

Ticker: The currency pair being represented. Date: The date in YYYY-MM-DD format. Open: The opening exchange rate of the day. High: The highest exchange rate of the day. Low: The lowest exchange rate of the day. Close: The closing exchange rate of the day. Adj Close: The adjusted closing exchange rate of the day. Volume: The volume of the currency traded on that day.

Usage: This dataset could be useful for a variety of purposes, including but not limited to:

Economic research: Analyze currency trends over time to understand economic behaviors. Financial modeling: Use historical data to forecast future currency rates. Machine learning: Develop predictive models for currency exchange rates. Teaching: An excellent resource for educators in finance and economics.

The Euro to Australian exchange rate history reveals a peak in March 2020 before declining well until mid-2022. Exchange rates fluctuate against each other constantly. As of November 4, 2025, the exchange rate was valued at 1.76 Australian dollars per euro. The rate at which one currency performs against another depends on the demand that it generates at any given time. Exchange rates are affected by several factors, including international trade, tourism, and geopolitical tensions.Euro gains strength against the Brexit PoundOne good example of geopolitical risks negatively impacting the strength of a currency is to look at the British Pound post Brexit referendum. The average annual exchange rate of the Euro to GBP increased significantly between 2015 and 2018.The Euro vs. the worldSince 2016, the euro has performed well against various other currencies. The Euro to U.S. dollar had seen its annual average exchange rate increase by 0.07 between 2016 and 2018, after slightly decreasing in 2019. Against the Indian Rupee, the Euro had performed even better, with the average annual exchange rate equaling 78.84 in 2019.