An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a sea zone prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a sovereign state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind. The 200 NM zone is measured, country-by-country, from another maritime boundary, the baseline (usually but not in all cases the mean low-water mark, used is not the same thing as the coast line. For each country, the official list of the baseline points is obtained from the United Nations Law of the Sea Maritime Space (http://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/regionslist.htm).

The data for this layer were obtained from http://www.marineregions.org/eezmethodology.php. The Preferred Citation for this data is Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) (2014), Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase, version 8 in conjunction with NOAA. The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) limits and boundaries were created for NOAA's purposes only to update the charted maritime limits and maritime boundaries on NOAA charts and for official depiction, please see NOAA's paper or raster nautical charts (Sourced from NOAA_Version 4.1, 9/10/2013). NOAA provides shapefiles of the Exclusive Economic Zones for different regions of the United States and its overseas territories. In a second phase the database of negotiated treaties from the United Nations Law of the Sea was consulted and imported into a GIS. The geographic coordinates from the documents were converted to decimal degrees and imported into a database. After importing them in ArcGIS, the points were connected by a line. The remaining boundaries were calculated in a GIS in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: a 200 Nautical Mile buffer was drawn from the baseline or a median line between 2 countries was calculated.

An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a sea zone prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a sovereign state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind. This maritime boundary is designed to be used with other marine boundaries in order to help determine areas of trade, commerce and transportation. The 200 NM zone is measured, country-by-country, from another maritime boundary, the baseline (usually but not in all cases the mean low-water mark, used is not the same thing as the coast line. For each country, obtain the official list of the baseline points from the United Nations under Maritime Space.The exclusive economic zone stretches much further into sea than the territorial waters, which end at 12 NM (22 km) from the coastal baseline (if following the rules set out in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea). Thus, the EEZ includes the contiguous zone. States also have rights to the seabed of what is called the continental shelf up to 350 NM (648 km) from the coastal baseline, beyond the EEZ, but such areas are not part of their EEZ. The legal definition of the continental shelf does not directly correspond to the geological meaning of the term, as it also includes the continental rise and slope, and the entire seabed within the EEZ. The chart below diagrams the overlapping jurisdictions which are part of the EEZ. When the (EEZ) boundary is between countries which are separated by less than 200NM is settled by international tribunals at any arbitrary line. Many countries are still in the process of extending their EEZs beyond 200NM using criteria defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Dataset Summary The data for this layer were obtained from https://www.marineregions.org/published here. Link to source metadata.Preferred Citation: Flanders Marine Institute (2023). Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase: Maritime Boundaries and Exclusive Economic Zones (200NM), version 12. Available online at https://www.marineregions.org/. https://doi.org/10.14284/632This layer is a feature service, which means it can be used for visualization and analysis throughout the ArcGIS Platform. This layer is not editable.

Each coastal State (e.g., the U.S.) may claim an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) beyond and adjacent to its territorial sea that extends seaward up to 200 nautical miles from its baselines (or out to a maritime boundary with another coastal State). Within its EEZ, a coastal State has (a) sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing natural resources, whether living or nonliving, of the seabed and subsoil and the superjacent waters and with regard to other activities for the economic exploitation and exploration of the zone, such as the production of energy from the water, currents, and winds; (b) jurisdiction as provided for in international law with regard to the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures, marine scientific research, and the protection and preservation of the marine environment; and (c) other rights and duties provided for under international law.Direct data download | MetadataThis item is curated by the MarineCadastre.gov team. Find more information at marinecadastre.gov.

This dataset represents Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) of the world. Up to now, there was no global public domain cover available.
Therefore, the Flanders Marine Institute decided to develop its own database. The database includes two global GIS-layers: one contains polylines that represent the maritime boundaries of the world countries, the other one is a polygon layer representing the Exclusive Economic Zone of countries. The database also contains digital information about treaties. Please note that the EEZ shapefile also includes the internal waters of each country.

Chapter 1 of Title 18 of the Code of the Federated States of Micronesia, as amended by Public Law No. 19-172 on April 28, 2017, states that the Territorial Sea is a line, every point of which is 12 M seaward of the nearest point of the baseline. Waters landward of the baseline, including the lagoons of atolls or islands, are internal waters.

Annex I to the Permanent Regulation on the Maritime Boundaries and Maritime Zones of the Federated States of Micronesia proclaims the geographical coordinates of the territorial sea baselines of the separate islands of the Federated States of Micronesia.

The sovereignty of the Federated States of Micronesia extends to its internal waters, archipelagic waters, and Territorial Sea, including sovereign rights over the living and nonliving resources in the Territorial Sea and internal waters and in the airspace above the Territorial Sea, archipelagic waters, and internal waters as well as the seabed and subsoil.

https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/Title18FSMCode.pdf

Title 27 of the Palau National Code as amended by the Act (SIXTH OLBIIL ERA KELULAU) to Amend Chapter 1 of Title 27 of the Palau National Code defines the exclusive economic zone of Palau as adjacent to the contiguous zone. The inner boundary of the exclusive economic zone of each island or atoll is the seaward boundary of the contiguous zone, and the outer boundary is a line, every point of which is 200 nautical miles seaward of the nearest point on the baseline as defined unless otherwise limited by international law or agreement.

Palau has deposited the coordinates for the outer limits of its exclusive economic zone with the UN as published in M.Z.N.62.2008 (Maritime Zone Notification) 24 June 2008.

The national government shall have exclusive management, conservation, and regulatory authority over all living resources within the exclusive economic zone to the full extent recognized by international law.

https://www.un.org/depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/PLW_2003_PNC.pdf https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/MAPS/PLW_MZN62_2008_00188_p2.jpg

An exclusive economic zone extends from the outer limit of the territorial sea to a maximum of 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) from the territorial sea baseline, thus it includes the contiguous zone. A coastal nation has control of all economic resources within its exclusive economic zone, including fishing, mining, oil exploration, and any pollution of those resources. However, it cannot prohibit passage or loitering above, on, or under the surface of the sea that is in compliance with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal State in accordance with the provisions of the UN Convention, within that portion of its exclusive economic zone beyond its territorial sea. Before the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982, coastal nations arbitrarily extended their territorial waters in an effort to control activities which are now regulated by the exclusive economic zone, such as offshore oil exploration or fishing rights (see Cod Wars). Indeed, the exclusive economic zone is still popularly, though erroneously, called a coastal nation's territorial waters. None

In March 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed a proclamation establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the United States extending its territory 200 nautical miles from the coasts of the United States, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. territories and possessions. In 1984, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Office of Marine Geology began a program to map these areas of the EEZ. The U.S. Pacific Coast was the first EEZ region to be mapped and launched GLORIA (Geological LOng-Range Inclined Asdic) mapping program. The area covered by this survey extended from the Mexican to the Canadian borders and from the continental shelf edge, at about the 400-meter bathymetric contour, to 200 nautical miles from the coast. Survey of the U.S. Pacific West Coast EEZ was completed in four consecutive cruises conducted from late April through mid-August 1984. The collected GLORIA data were processed and digitally mosaicked to produce continuous imagery of the seafloor. A total of 36 digital mosaics of an approximate 2 degree by 2 degree (or smaller) area with a 50-meter pixel resolution were completed for the region.

This layer is sourced from maritimeboundaries.noaa.gov.

The ENC_General map service displays ENC data within the scale range of 1:600,001 and 1:1,500,000. The ENC data will be updated weekly. This map service is not intended for navigation purpose.

As of November 2020, Japan had mapped nearly 98 percent of it's exclusive economic zone (EEZ). An EEZ is the sea zone stretching 200 nautical miles (nmi) from the coast of a state. The Seabed 2030 project aims to map the world's ocean floor by the year 2030 using crowdsource datasets.

This dataset represents the polygons of the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) of the world, in a high resolution: the coastline is based on GSHHG (Global Self-consistent, Hierarchical, High-resolution Geography Database) The data set of the Exclusive Economic Zones can be used in many applications. In biogeography for example, it is possible to create for instance species distribution lists per country.

This layer is a component of Bands 4 and 5.

The ENC_Approach map service displays data compiled for ENC products with a scale range of 1:50,001 and 1:150,000. The ENC data used within this application will be updated weekly. This map service is not intended for navigation purpose.

This layer is sourced from maritimeboundaries.noaa.gov.

The ENC_Coastal map service displays ENC data within the scale range of 1:150,001 and 1:600,000. The ENC data will be updated weekly. This map service is not intended for navigation purpose.

New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone

The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a zone extending from the outer limits of the territorial sea to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines of the territorial sea in which New Zealand, as the coastal state, has sovereign rights over the living and non living resources of the sea and seabed and other states have certain freedoms, including the freedoms of navigation and overflight.

Maritime Boundary Definitions: http://www.linz.govt.nz/hydro/nautical-info/maritime-boundaries/definitions#zones

Further References: http://www.linz.govt.nz/hydro/nautical-info/maritime-boundaries

The Marine Zones (Declaration) Act 2011 repeals the Marine Zones (Declaration) Act 1983. It states that the exclusive economic zone comprises those waters beyond the territorial sea of Kiribati, but within a distance of two hundred (200) nautical miles from the baseline of Kiribati, shall be the exclusive economic zone of the Republic of Kiribati.

The Exclusive Economic Zone Sea Outer Limits Regulations 2014 in accordance with the MZA 2011 specifies the geographical coordinates that defines the boundaries of Cook Islands EEZ and are referenced to the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84). The Regulations also contains charts for general illustrations of the territorial sea lines. Kiribati has sovereignty beyond its land territory and internal waters over the territorial sea, and to the airspace above and the seabed and subsoil beneath the territorial sea. Ships of all States shall enjoy the right of innocent passage in accordance with international law in the territorial sea of Kiribati.

The following information are also highlighted in the Regulation

(i) a treaty reference point (for the relevant treaty for a point, see section 4), or (ii) 200 nm, where the exclusive economic zone is adjacent to the high seas.

Where an agreement is in force between the Republic of Kiribati and an opposite or adjacent coastal State provides for the delimitation of an exclusive economic zone boundary, the relevant area of exclusive economic zone shall be delimited in accordance with such agreement.

http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/KIR_2011_Act.pdf https://www.un.org/Depts//los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/KIR_2014_eez_outer_limits_regulations.pdf

(Version 4.1, updated September 13, 2013) Maritime limits for the United States are measured from the U.S. baseline, recognized as the low-water line along the coast as marked on NOAA's nautical charts in accordance with the articles of the Law of the Sea. The baseline and related maritime limits are reviewed and approved by the interagency U.S. Baseline Committee. The primary purpose of this dataset is to update the official depiction of these maritime limits and boundaries on NOAA's nautical charts. The Office of Coast Survey depicts on its nautical charts the territorial sea (12 nautical miles), contiguous zone (24nm), and exclusive economic zone (200nm, plus maritime boundaries with adjacent/opposite countries). U.S. maritime limits are ambulatory and subject to revision based on accretion or erosion of the charted low water line. For more information about U.S. Maritime Limits and Boundaries and to stay up-to-date, see: http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/mbound.htm. For the full FGDC metadata record, see: http:www.ncddc.noaa.gov/approved_recs/nos_de/ocs/ocs/MB_ParentDataset.html. Coordinates for the US/Canada international boundary, on land and through the Great Lakes, are managed by the International Boundary Commission.

This polygon layer combines marine protected areas from the World Dataset of Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMW) and the Exclusive Economic Zones (VLIZ2009 - Flanders Marine Institute, Belgium) so that it reflects only marine portions of protected areas that have Exclusive Economic Zone attribute values. The dataset is also split into the following Geographic Zones: Arctic, Temperate, Intertemperate, Antarctic.

This map (MCR 102) is the latest publication in the Atlas of Canada Reference Map Series. It is an update to the 1:6 000 000 paper map of Canada published in 2006. International, provincial and territorial boundaries and the 200-mile offshore Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are featured on the map. All the national parks and reserves are shown including the Nááts'ihch'oh National Park Reserve of Canada, Northwest Territories, and Sable Island National Park Reserve of Canada, Nova Scotia, two of the most recently established parks. Major roads, railways and ferry routes are also depicted with the Trans-Canada Highway clearly represented across Canada from the Atlantic to the Pacific coasts. Many of the major physiographic and hydrographic features are labelled providing necessary points of reference in less populated areas of the country. The map uses a vertical near-side perspective projection, which provides a unique three-dimensional view of Canada. Most data are current to the period 2010 to 2013.

NOAA is responsible for depicting on its nautical charts the limits of the 12 nautical mile Territorial Sea, 24 nautical mile Contiguous Zone, and 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The outer limit of each of these zones is measured from the U.S. normal baseline, which coincides with the low water line depicted on NOAA charts and includes closing lines across the entrances of legal bays and rivers, consistent with international law. The U.S. baseline and associated maritime limits are reviewed and approved through the interagency U.S. Baseline Committee, which is chaired by the U.S. Department of State. The Committee serves the function of gaining interagency consensus on the proper location of the baseline using the provisions of the 1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, to ensure that the seaward extent of U.S. maritime zones do not exceed the breadth that is permitted by international law. In 2002 and in response to mounting requests for digital maritime zones, NOAA launched a project to re-evaluate the U.S. baseline in partnership with other federal agencies via the U.S. Baseline Committee. The focus of the baseline evaluation was NOAA's largest scale, most recent edition nautical charts as well as supplemental source materials for verification of certain charted features. This dataset is a result of the 2002-present initiative and reflects a multi-year iterative project whereby the baseline and associated maritime limits were re-evaluated on a state or regional basis. In addition to the U.S. maritime limits, the U.S. maritime boundaries with opposite or adjacent countries as well as the US/Canada International Boundary (on land and through the Great Lakes) are also included in this dataset.

Map showing seafloor depths and the boundaries of South Africa's continental Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).