De-identified Stata dataset and do-file used to publish the report to 3ie on the project, "Using smartphone raffles to increase demand for voluntary medical male circumcision in Tanzania" (project code TW3.12). This project was funded under Thematic Window 3 on voluntary medical male circumcision.

List of independent variables for the assessment of virological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy and its determinants among HIV patients in Ethiopia.

De-identified Stata dataset and do-file used to publish the report to 3ie on the project, "Optimising the use of economic interventions to increase demand for voluntary medical male circumcision in Kenya" (project code TW3.05). This project was funded under Thematic Window 3 on voluntary medical male circumcision.

This is the public replication file for "Can Raising the Stakes of Election Outcomes Increase Participation? Results from a Large-Scale Field Experiment in Local Elections" forthcoming at BJPols. The archive contains the raw Stata Dataset and the Stata .do file necessary to reproduce the analysis reported in the paper.

This study aimed to investigate whether attachment-anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and metacognition have indirect effects in the association between ACEs and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits (OCPT) in various network models. Undergraduate psychology students (N = 291) participated in an anonymous 30-minute online survey consisting of a series of self-report questionnaires regarding adverse childhood experiences, attachment, intolerance of uncertainty, metacognition, OCPT, and depression. Bootstrapped serial mediation revealed attachment-anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty had a serial-mediation effect in the association between ACEs and OCPT. Serial mediation was not found for metacognition and attachment-anxiety. However, metacognition alone mediated between child emotional abuse and OCPT. These findings expand our currently limited knowledge regarding the etiology of OCPT and suggest that attachment-anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and metacognition may be important contributors for understanding the development of OCPT following ACE exposure.

This item contains the raw data and the STATA dta. file for this project.

Descriptive statistics of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia.

This replication package reproduces the results for the paper entitled "Supply-Side Innovations to Increase Equitable Access to Digital Financial Services: Experimental Evidence from Mozambique," which is published in the Journal of Development Studies. This package contains the Stata Do-File (.do) that replicates the tables in the main paper and the Stata Data Files (.dta) that produces the tables and figures that are presented in the paper.

De-identified Stata dataset and do-file used to publish the report to 3ie on the project, "The use of peer referral incentives to increase demand for voluntary medical male circumcision in Zambia" (project code TW3.16). This project was funded under Thematic Window 3 on voluntary medical male circumcision.

Binary and multivariate logisitic regression analysis of determinants of virological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Ethiopia.

Dataset and code (Stata)

BackgroundIonizing radiation is being used more frequently in medicine, which has been linked to recognized biological effects such as cancer and mortality. Radiology services are becoming more widely available in Ethiopian health facilities but there is no compiled record of worker’s radiation dose. So, assessing the magnitude and identifying the associated factors of occupational radiation exposure dose among radiology personnel help to design strategies for radiation protection.ObjectiveThe study was designed to assess the occupational radiation exposure dose and associated factors among radiology personnel in eastern Amhara, northeast Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsCross-sectional study was conducted from March 25 to April 30, 2021, in 57 health institutions among 198 radiology personnel. The study comprised all eligible radiology personnel. The data were collected using an electronic-based (Google form) self-administered questionnaire, and document review. The data were entered into an excel spread sheet and then, exported to Stata 14 software. Linear regression model was used to analyse the data after checking its assumptions. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 were entered into a multiple linear regression analysis, and those with a p-value < 0.05 were judged significant. VIF was used to check for multi-collinearity. Coefficient of determination was used to check the model fitness.ResultsThe mean (± SD) annual shallow and deep dose equivalents of radiology personnel were 1.20 (± 0.75) and 1.02 (± 0.70) mSv, respectively. Body mass index (β = 0.104, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.14), practice of timing (β = -0.43, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.13), working experience (β = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.048, -0.032), and practice of distancing (β = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.49, -0.17) were found to be statistically significant factors of annual deep dose equivalent. In addition, body mass index (β = 0.113, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.15), practice of timing (β = -0.62 95% CI: -0.93, -0.31) and, working experience (β = -0.044, 95% CI: -0.053, -0.036 had statistically significant associations with annual shallow dose equivalent.ConclusionThe annual dose equivalents were two times higher than the global average of annual per caput effective dose due to medical exposure. Body mass index, practice of timing, working experience, and practice of distancing were factors of occupational radiation exposure dose. Strategies focusing on increasing the skill, experience, and lifestyle of radiology personnel would be supreme important means to reduce occupational radiation exposure dose.

BackgroundBangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world, with more than one-third of its people living in cities, and its air quality is among the worst in the world. The present study aimed to measure knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) towards air pollution and health effects among the general population living in the large cities in Bangladesh.MethodsA cross-sectional e-survey was conducted between May and July 2022 among eight divisions in Bangladesh. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to recruit a total of 1,603 participants (55.58% males; mean age: 23.84 ± 5.93 years). A semi-structured questionnaire including informed consent, socio-demographic information, as well as questions regarding knowledge (11-item), attitudes (7-item) and practice (11-item) towards air pollution, was used to conduct the survey. All analyses (descriptive statistics and regression analyses) were performed using STATA (Version 15.0) and SPSS (Version 26.0).ResultsThe mean scores of the knowledge, attitudes, and practice were 8.51 ± 2.01 (out of 11), 19.24 ± 1.56 (out of 21), and 12.65 ±5.93 (out of 22), respectively. The higher scores of knowledge, attitudes, and practice were significantly associated with several socio-demographic factors, including educational qualification, family type, residential division, cooking fuel type, etc.ConclusionsThe present study found a fair level of knowledge and attitudes towards air pollution; however, the level of practice is not particularly noteworthy. The finding suggests the need to create more awareness among the general population to increase healthy practice to reduce the health effects of air pollution.

Stata dataset (dta), do file (do) and empirical results (excel).

Abstract

Background: Adolescent girls in Kenya are disproportionately affected by early and unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortion and HIV infection. The In Their Hands (ITH) programme in Kenya aims to increase adolescents' use of high-quality sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services through targeted interventions. ITH Programme aims to promote use of contraception and testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV or pregnancy, for sexually active adolescent girls, 2) provide information, products and services on the adolescent girl's terms; and 3) promote communities support for girls and boys to access SRH services.

Objectives: The objectives of the evaluation are to assess: a) to what extent and how the new Adolescent Reproductive Health (ARH) partnership model and integrated system of delivery is working to meet its intended objectives and the needs of adolescents; b) adolescent user experiences across key quality dimensions and outcomes; c) how ITH programme has influenced adolescent voice, decision-making autonomy, power dynamics and provider accountability; d) how community support for adolescent reproductive and sexual health initiatives has changed as a result of this programme.

Methodology ITH programme is being implemented in two phases, a formative planning and experimentation in the first year from April 2017 to March 2018, and a national roll out and implementation from April 2018 to March 2020. This second phase is informed by an Annual Programme Review and thorough benchmarking and assessment which informed critical changes to performance and capacity so that ITH is fit for scale. It is expected that ITH will cover approximately 250,000 adolescent girls aged 15-19 in Kenya by April 2020. The programme is implemented by a consortium of Marie Stopes Kenya (MSK), Well Told Story, and Triggerise. ITH's key implementation strategies seek to increase adolescent motivation for service use, create a user-defined ecosystem and platform to provide girls with a network of accessible subsidized and discreet SRH services; and launch and sustain a national discourse campaign around adolescent sexuality and rights. The 3-year study will employ a mixed-methods approach with multiple data sources including secondary data, and qualitative and quantitative primary data with various stakeholders to explore their perceptions and attitudes towards adolescents SRH services. Quantitative data analysis will be done using STATA to provide descriptive statistics and statistical associations / correlations on key variables. All qualitative data will be analyzed using NVIVO software.

Study Duration: 36 months - between 2018 and 2020.

Geographic coverage

Narok and Homabay counties

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

All adolescent girls aged 15-19 years resident in the household.

Sampling procedure

The sampling of adolescents for the household survey was based on expected changes in adolescent's intention to use contraception in future. According to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014, 23.8% of adolescents and young women reported not intending to use contraception in future. This was used as a baseline proportion for the intervention as it aimed to increase demand and reduce the proportion of sexually active adolescents who did not intend to use contraception in the future. Assuming that the project was to achieve an impact of at least 2.4 percentage points in the intervention counties (i.e. a reduction by 10%), a design effect of 1.5 and a non- response rate of 10%, a sample size of 1885 was estimated using Cochran's sample size formula for categorical data was adequate to detect this difference between baseline and end line time points. Based on data from the 2009 Kenya census, there were approximately 0.46 adolescents girls per a household, which meant that the study was to include approximately 4876 households from the two counties at both baseline and end line surveys.

We collected data among a representative sample of adolescent girls living in both urban and rural ITH areas to understand adolescents' access to information, use of SRH services and SRH-related decision making autonomy before the implementation of the intervention. Depending on the number of ITH health facilities in the two study counties, Homa Bay and Narok that, we sampled 3 sub-Counties in Homa Bay: West Kasipul, Ndhiwa and Kasipul; and 3 sub-Counties in Narok, Narok Town, Narok South and Narok East purposively. In each of the ITH intervention counties, there were sub-counties that had been prioritized for the project and our data collection focused on these sub-counties selected for intervention. A stratified sampling procedure was used to select wards with in the sub-counties and villages from the wards. Then households were selected from each village after all households in the villages were listed. The purposive selection of sub-counties closer to ITH intervention facilities meant that urban and semi-urban areas were oversampled due to the concentration of health facilities in urban areas.

Qualitative Sampling

Focus Group Discussion participants were recruited from the villages where the ITH adolescent household survey was conducted in both counties. A convenience sample of consenting adults living in the villages were invited to participate in the FGDS. The discussion was conducted in local languages. A facilitator and note-taker trained on how to use the focus group guide, how to facilitate the group to elicit the information sought, and how to take detailed notes. All focus group discussions took place in the local language and were tape-recorded, and the consent process included permission to tape-record the session. Participants were identified only by their first names and participants were asked not to share what was discussed outside of the focus group. Participants were read an informed consent form and asked to give written consent. In-depth interviews were conducted with purposively selected sample of consenting adolescent girls who participated in the adolescent survey. We conducted a total of 45 In-depth interviews with adolescent girls (20 in Homa Bay County and 25 in Narok County respectively). In addition, 8 FGDs (4 each per county) were conducted with mothers of adolescent girls who are usual residents of the villages which had been identified for the interviews and another 4 FGDs (2 each per county) with CHVs.

Sampling deviation

N/A

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f] for quantitative data collection and Focus Group Discussions and In Depth Interviews for qualitative data collection

Research instrument

The questionnaire covered; socio-demographic and household information, SRH knowledge and sources of information, sexual activity and relationships, family planning knowledge, access, choice and use when needed, exposure to family planning messages and voice and decision making autonomy and quality of care for those who visited health facilities in the 12 months before the survey. The questionnaire was piloted before the data collection and the questions reviewed for appropriateness, comprehension and flow. The questionnaire was piloted among a sample of 42 adolescent girls (two each per field interviewer) 15-19 from a community outside the study counties.

The questionnaire was originally developed in English and later translated into Kiswahili. The questionnaire was programmed using ODK-based Survey CTO platform for data collection and management and was administered through face-to-face interview.

Cleaning operations

The survey tools were programmed using the ODK-based SurveyCTO platform for data collection and management. During programming, consistency checks were in-built into the data capture software which ensured that there were no cases of missing or implausible information/values entered into the database by the field interviewers. For example, the application included controls for variables ranges, skip patterns, duplicated individuals, and intra- and inter-module consistency checks. This reduced or eliminated errors usually introduced at the data capture stage. Once programmed, the survey tools were tested by the programming team who in conjunction with the project team conducted further testing on the application's usability, in-built consistency checks (skips, variable ranges, duplicating individuals etc.), and inter-module consistency checks. Any issues raised were documented and tracked on the Issue Tracker and followed up to full and timely resolution. After internal testing was done, the tools were availed to the project and field teams to perform user acceptance testing (UAT) so as to verify and validate that the electronic platform worked exactly as expected, in terms of usability, questions design, checks and skips etc.

Data cleaning was performed to ensure that data were free of errors and that indicators generated from these data were accurate and consistent. This process begun on the first day of data collection as the first records were uploaded into the database. The data manager used data collected during pilot testing to begin writing scripts in Stata 14 to check the variables in the data in 'real-time'. This ensured the resolutions of any inconsistencies that could be addressed by the data collection teams during the fieldwork activities. The Stata 14 scripts that perform real-time checks and clean data also wrote to a .rtf file that detailed every check performed against each variable, any inconsistencies encountered, and all steps that were taken to address these inconsistencies. The .rtf files also reported when a variable was

Homa Bay, Siaya, and Kisumu counties in western Kenya have the highest estimated HIV prevalence (16.3–21.0%) in the country, and struggle to meet program targets for HIV testing services (HTS). The Kenya Ministry of Health (MOH) recommends annual HIV testing for the general population. We assessed the degree to which reducing the interval for retesting to less than 12 months increased diagnosis of HIV in outpatient departments (OPD) in western Kenya. We conducted a retrospective analysis of routinely collected program data from seven high-volume (>800 monthlyOPD visits) health facilities in March–December, 2017. Data from persons ≥15 years of age seeking medical care (patients) in the OPD and non-care-seekers (non-patients) accompanying patients to the OPD were included. Outcomes were meeting MOH (routine) criteria versus criteria for a reduced retesting interval (RRI) of 12 months, and 5% (4,832) met other criteria. The remaining 80% (74,033) met criteria for a RRI of < 12 months. In total 1.3% (1,185) of clients had a positive test. Although the percent yield was over 2-fold higher among those meeting routine criteria (2.4% vs. 1.0%; p

The Panel Study of Income Dynamics–Social, Health, and Economic Longitudinal File (PSID-SHELF) provides an easy-to-use and harmonized longitudinal file for the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), the longest-running nationally representative household panel survey in the world.PSID-SHELF accentuates the PSID's strengths through (1) its household panel structure that follows the same families over multiple decades; and (2) its multigenerational genealogical design that follows the descendants of panel families that were originally sampled in 1968, with immigrant sample refreshers in 1997–1999 and 2017. Every individual who has ever been included in the PSID's main study is included in the PSID-SHELF data, with over 80,000 people observed, some of them across more than 40 survey waves (1968–present). The current version of PSID-SHELF includes 41 waves of survey data, ranging from 1968 to 2019.The file contains measures on a wide range of substantive topics from the PSID's individual and family files, including variables on demographics, family structure, educational attainment, family income, individual earnings, employment status, occupation, housing, and wealth—as well as the essential administrative variables pertaining to key survey identifiers, panel status, sample weights, and household relationship identifiers. PSID-SHELF thus covers some of the most central variables in PSID that have been collected for many years. PSID-SHELF can easily be merged with other PSID data products to add other public-use variables by linking variables based on a survey participant’s individual and family IDs.Despite a focus on longitudinally consistent measurement, many PSID variables change over waves, e.g., thanks to new code frames, topcodes, question splitting, or similar. PSID-SHELF provides harmonized measures to increase the ease of using PSID data, but by necessity this harmonization involves analytic decisions that users may or may not agree with. These decisions are described at a high level in the PSID-SHELF User Guide and Codebook, but only a close review of the Stata code used to construct variables in the data will fully reveal each analytic decision. The Stata code underlying PSID-SHELF is openly accessible not only to allow for such review but also to encourage users, as they become more comfortable with PSID, to use and alter the full code or selected code snippets for their own analytic purposes. PSID-SHELF is entirely based on publicly released data and therefore can be recreated by anyone who has registered for PSID data use.Despite careful and multiple code reviews, it is possible that the code used to produce PSID-SHELF contains errors. The authors therefore encourage users to review the codes carefully, to report any mistakes and errors to us (psidshelf.help@umich.edu), and take no responsibility for any errors arising from the provided codes and files. Current VersionPSID-SHELF, 1968–2019, Beta Release 2023.01Recommended CitationsPlease cite PSID-SHELF in any product that makes use of the data. Anyone who uses PSID-SHELF should cite the data or the PSID-SHELF User Guide and Codebook—and, as required by the PSID user agreement, the main PSID data.PSID-SHELF data:Pfeffer, Fabian T., Davis Daumler, and Esther M. Friedman. PSID-SHELF, 1968–2019: The PSID’s Social, Health, and Economic Longitudinal File (PSID-SHELF), Beta Release. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor],

2.incomeCMDS.dta: Micro-level dataset from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS). 3. dofile.do: Stata 17.0 script for data loading, variable construction, and regression analysis. (ZIP)

We demonstrate that the disruption index (CD) recently applied to publication and patent citation networks by Park et al. (Nature, 2023) systematically decreases over time due to secular growth in research and patent production, following two distinct mechanisms unrelated to innovation – the first structural and the second behavioral. The structural explanation follows from ‘citation inflation’ (CI) (Petersen et al., Research Policy, 2018), an inextricable feature of real citation networks. One driver of CI is the ever-increasing length of reference lists, which causes the CD index to systematically decrease. The behavioral explanation reflects shifts in scholarly citation practice (e.g. self-citation) that increase the rate of triadic closure in citation networks and confounds efforts to measure disruptive innovation using CD. Combined, these two mechanisms render CD unsuitable for cross-temporal analysis, and call into question the interpretations provided by Park et al., Enclosed data accompany the following publications:

Alexander M. Petersen, Felber Arroyave, Fabio Pammolli (2025). The disruption index suffers from citation inflation: re-analysis of temporal CD trend and relationship with team size reveal discrepancies. J. Informetrics 19, 101605 (2025). DOI:10.1016/j.joi.2024.101605

Alexander M. Petersen, Felber Arroyave, Fabio Pammolli (2024). The disruption index is biased by citation inflation. Quantitative Science Studies 5, 936-953 (2024). DOI:10.1162/qss_a_00333

To summarize, enclosed are two types of data: 1) Empirical publication-level data accompanied by code (do-files) for running multi-variate regressions in STATA 2) Raw network data produced for 6 citation network scenarios. For each scenario, we include 4 synthetic networks each, for a total of 24 citation networks. Each citation network is comprised of 125270 nodes that were systematically added in cohorts, therefore representing a null model for evolving citation networks, and ther..., Enclosed code was developed using 1) STATA 13.0 and 2) Mathematica 13 software, both of which should be backwards compatible with newer software verions. The document README.pdf provides detailed descriptions of the enclosed data and code., # The disruption index suffers from citation inflation and is confounded by shifts in scholarly citation practice: synthetic citation networks for bibliometric null models

https://doi.org/10.6071/M3G674

Description of the data and file structure

Enclosed are two types of data: 1) Empirical publication-level data (tabular file format) accompanied by code (do-files) for running multi-variate regressions in STATA; 2)Â Raw network data (sparse network representation format) produced for 6 citation network scenarios. For each scenario we include 4 synthetic networks each, for a total of 24 citation networks. Each citation network is comprised of 125270 nodes that were systematically added in cohorts, therefore representing null model for evolving citation networks, and thereby useful for benchmarking existing and new bibliometric measures. The data and code for 1) and 2) are organized into subfolders, the contents and functionality of which are descri...

The impact of land tenure security on smallholder crop productivity in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is inconclusive. In Zambia, maize production which serves to satisfy national food security requirements and the generation of foreign exchange from maize exports to regional markets is a big challenge, whereby the majority maize producers are smallholders under an insecure customary land tenure system. We employed an endogeneity-robust stochastic production frontier (SPF) framework to examine the effect of land tenure security on technical efficiency (TE) for smallholder maize producers in Zambia’s Central province. Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) was used to treat sample class imbalance between Title Deed Certificate (TDC) holders and non-holders. Our main findings show that use of land on TDCs, including that on customary land tenure types, such as chief-authorized and inherited land had significant impacts on mean TE expansion for smallholder maize production. The production function showed that only chemical fertilizer had a significant positive marginal effect on maize output under drought conditions. Use of oxen helped to expand average maize output. A 90.15% average TE implied that only a small maize output improvement was still possible, using same inputs and technology, under same climatic conditions. We associated the 3–4 ha TE dip with productive capacity transition from subsistence to market-oriented farming. For policy improvements, we recommended the legal recognition of some customary land tenure types, alongside TDC issuances. Lastly, we recommended the expansion of smallholder fertilizer support, and scale efficiency improvement, including minimum land use rate legislation, for eventual maize output expansion in Zambia.

BackgroundEducational hypogamy, where women marry men with lower educational attainment, reflects evolving gender roles and societal norms. In China, the rapid expansion of education, coupled with persistent traditional values, provides a unique context to study this phenomenon.MethodsUsing data from the 2013, 2015, 2017, 2018, and 2021 waves of the China General Social Survey (CGSS), this study applies logistic regression models and Random Forest machine learning techniques to analyze the impact of education on women’s selection of hypogamy. Key control variables include age, income, parental education, and household registration, with a focus on urban-rural differences.ResultsBetween 2013 and 2021, the proportion of women choosing hypogamy increased from 17.42% to 20.06%. As education levels rose, so did the likelihood of choosing hypogamy, particularly among women with higher educational attainment. Other factors such as income and parental education displayed complex interactions with hypogamy, with urban women experiencing more nuanced influences compared to rural women, who showed a clearer education-driven pattern. The random forest analysis further confirmed education as the most significant predictor of hypogamy.Discussion/conclusionThe rise in educational hypogamy highlights women’s increasing autonomy and challenges to traditional gender norms, especially in rural areas where education’s impact is more pronounced. Urban-rural disparities suggest the need for targeted policies to promote gender equality. Future research should examine the long-term implications of educational hypogamy on household and child-rearing dynamics.