Context

To make this a seamless process, I cleaned the data and delete many variables that I thought were not important to our dataset. I then uploaded all of those files to Kaggle for each of you to download. The rideshare_data has both lyft and uber but it is still a cleaned version from the dataset we downloaded from Kaggle.

Use of Data Files

You can easily subset the data into the car types that you will be modeling by first loading the csv into R, here is the code for how you do this:

This loads the file into R

df<-read.csv('uber.csv')

The next codes is to subset the data into specific car types. The example below only has Uber 'Black' car types.

df_black<-subset(uber_df, uber_df$name == 'Black')

This next portion of code will be to load it into R. First, we must write this dataframe into a csv file on our computer in order to load it into R.

write.csv(df_black, "nameofthefileyouwanttosaveas.csv")

The file will appear in you working directory. If you are not familiar with your working directory. Run this code:

getwd()

The output will be the file path to your working directory. You will find the file you just created in that folder.

Inspiration

Your data will be in front of the world's largest data science community. What questions do you want to see answered?

This data release supports an analysis of changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate concentrations in Buck Creek watershed near Inlet, New York 2001 to 2021. The Buck Creek watershed is a 310-hectare forested watershed that is recovering from acidic deposition within the Adirondack region. The data release includes pre-processed model inputs and model outputs for the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge and Season (WRTDS) model (Hirsch and others, 2010) to estimate daily flow normalized concentrations of DOC and nitrate during a 20-year period of analysis. WRTDS uses daily discharge and concentration observations implemented through the Exploration and Graphics for River Trends R package (EGRET) to predict solute concentration using decimal time and discharge as explanatory variables (Hirsch and De Cicco, 2015; Hirsch and others, 2010). Discharge and concentration data are available from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System (NWIS) database (U.S. Geological Survey, 2016). The time series data were analyzed for the entire period, water years 2001 (WY2001) to WY2021 where WY2001 is the period from October 1, 2000 to September 30, 2001. This data release contains 5 comma-separated values (CSV) files, one R script, and one XML metadata file. There are four input files (“Daily.csv”, “INFO.csv”, “Sample_doc.csv”, and “Sample_nitrate.csv”) that contain site information, daily mean discharge, and mean daily DOC or nitrate concentrations. The R script (“Buck Creek WRTDS R script.R”) uses the four input datasets and functions from the EGRET R package to generate estimations of flow normalized concentrations. The output file (“WRTDS_results.csv”) contains model output at daily time steps for each sub-watershed and for each solute. Files are automatically associated with the R script when opened in RStudio using the provided R project file ("Files.Rproj"). All input, output, and R files are in the "Files.zip" folder.

Categorical scatterplots with R for biologists: a step-by-step guide

Benjamin Petre1, Aurore Coince2, Sophien Kamoun1

1 The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, UK; 2 Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK

Weissgerber and colleagues (2015) recently stated that ‘as scientists, we urgently need to change our practices for presenting continuous data in small sample size studies’. They called for more scatterplot and boxplot representations in scientific papers, which ‘allow readers to critically evaluate continuous data’ (Weissgerber et al., 2015). In the Kamoun Lab at The Sainsbury Laboratory, we recently implemented a protocol to generate categorical scatterplots (Petre et al., 2016; Dagdas et al., 2016). Here we describe the three steps of this protocol: 1) formatting of the data set in a .csv file, 2) execution of the R script to generate the graph, and 3) export of the graph as a .pdf file.

Protocol

• Step 1: format the data set as a .csv file. Store the data in a three-column excel file as shown in Powerpoint slide. The first column ‘Replicate’ indicates the biological replicates. In the example, the month and year during which the replicate was performed is indicated. The second column ‘Condition’ indicates the conditions of the experiment (in the example, a wild type and two mutants called A and B). The third column ‘Value’ contains continuous values. Save the Excel file as a .csv file (File -> Save as -> in ‘File Format’, select .csv). This .csv file is the input file to import in R.

• Step 2: execute the R script (see Notes 1 and 2). Copy the script shown in Powerpoint slide and paste it in the R console. Execute the script. In the dialog box, select the input .csv file from step 1. The categorical scatterplot will appear in a separate window. Dots represent the values for each sample; colors indicate replicates. Boxplots are superimposed; black dots indicate outliers.

• Step 3: save the graph as a .pdf file. Shape the window at your convenience and save the graph as a .pdf file (File -> Save as). See Powerpoint slide for an example.

Notes

• Note 1: install the ggplot2 package. The R script requires the package ‘ggplot2’ to be installed. To install it, Packages & Data -> Package Installer -> enter ‘ggplot2’ in the Package Search space and click on ‘Get List’. Select ‘ggplot2’ in the Package column and click on ‘Install Selected’. Install all dependencies as well.

• Note 2: use a log scale for the y-axis. To use a log scale for the y-axis of the graph, use the command line below in place of command line #7 in the script.

7 Display the graph in a separate window. Dot colors indicate

replicates

graph + geom_boxplot(outlier.colour='black', colour='black') + geom_jitter(aes(col=Replicate)) + scale_y_log10() + theme_bw()

References

Dagdas YF, Belhaj K, Maqbool A, Chaparro-Garcia A, Pandey P, Petre B, et al. (2016) An effector of the Irish potato famine pathogen antagonizes a host autophagy cargo receptor. eLife 5:e10856.

Petre B, Saunders DGO, Sklenar J, Lorrain C, Krasileva KV, Win J, et al. (2016) Heterologous Expression Screens in Nicotiana benthamiana Identify a Candidate Effector of the Wheat Yellow Rust Pathogen that Associates with Processing Bodies. PLoS ONE 11(2):e0149035

Weissgerber TL, Milic NM, Winham SJ, Garovic VD (2015) Beyond Bar and Line Graphs: Time for a New Data Presentation Paradigm. PLoS Biol 13(4):e1002128

https://cran.r-project.org/

http://ggplot2.org/

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Long Island Sound Study (https://longislandsoundstudy.net), characterized nitrogen export from forested watersheds and whether nitrogen loading has been increasing or decreasing to help inform Long Island Sound management strategies. The Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS; Hirsch and others, 2010) method was used to estimate annual concentrations and fluxes of nitrogen species using long-term records (14 to 37 years in length) of stream total nitrogen, dissolved organic nitrogen, nitrate, and ammonium concentrations and daily discharge data from 17 watersheds located in the Long Island Sound basin or in nearby areas of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, or New York. This data release contains the input water-quality and discharge data, annual outputs (including concentrations, fluxes, yields, and confidence intervals about these estimates), statistical tests for trends between the periods of water years 1999-2000 and 2016-2018, and model diagnostic statistics. These datasets are organized into one zip file (WRTDSeLists.zip) and six comma-separated values (csv) data files (StationInformation.csv, AnnualResults.csv, TrendResults.csv, ModelStatistics.csv, InputWaterQuality.csv, and InputStreamflow.csv). The csv file (StationInformation.csv) contains information about the stations and input datasets. Finally, a short R script (SampleScript.R) is included to facilitate viewing the input and output data and to re-run the model. Reference: Hirsch, R.M., Moyer, D.L., and Archfield, S.A., 2010, Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS), with an application to Chesapeake Bay River inputs: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 5, p. 857–880.

In enterobacteria such as Escherichia coli, the general stress response is mediatedby σs, the stationary phase dissociable promoter specificity subunit of RNApolymerase. σs is degraded by ClpXP during active growth in a process dependent onthe RssB adaptor, which is thought to be stimulated by phosphorylation of a conservedaspartate in its N-terminal receiver domain. Here we present the crystal structure offull-length RssB bound to a beryllofluoride phosphomimic. Compared to the structure ofRssB bound to the IraD anti-adaptor, our new RssB structure with bound beryllofluoridereveals conformational differences and coil-to-helix transitions in the C-terminal regionof the RssB receiver domain and in the inter-domain segmented helical linker. Theseare accompanied by masking of the α4-β5-α5 (4-5-5) “signaling” face of the RssBreceiver domain by its C-terminal domain. Critically, using hydrogen-deuteriumexchange mass spectrometry we identify σs binding determinants on the 4-5-5 face,implying that this surface needs to be unmasked to effect an interdomain interfaceswitch and enable full σs engagement and hand-off to ClpXP. In activated receiverdomains, the 4-5-5 face is often the locus of intermolecular interactions, but its maskingby intramolecular contacts upon phosphorylation is unusual, emphasizing that RssB isa response regulator that undergoes atypical regulation.Files included are data export from HDX Workbench software from the HDX-MS experiments in support of this work. The files are in CSV format.

This replication package contains datasets and scripts related to the paper: "*How do Hugging Face Models Document Datasets, Bias, and Licenses? An Empirical Study*"

## Root directory

- `statistics.r`: R script used to compute the correlation between usage and downloads, and the RQ1/RQ2 inter-rater agreements

- `modelsInfo.zip`: zip file containing all the downloaded model cards (in JSON format)

- `script`: directory containing all the scripts used to collect and process data. For further details, see README file inside the script directory.

## Dataset

- `Dataset/Dataset_HF-models-list.csv`: list of HF models analyzed

- `Dataset/Dataset_github-prj-list.txt`: list of GitHub projects using the *transformers* library

- `Dataset/Dataset_github-Prj_model-Used.csv`: contains usage pairs: project, model

- `Dataset/Dataset_prj-num-models-reused.csv`: number of models used by each GitHub project

- `Dataset/Dataset_model-download_num-prj_correlation.csv` contains, for each model used by GitHub projects: the name, the task, the number of reusing projects, and the number of downloads

## RQ1

- `RQ1/RQ1_dataset-list.txt`: list of HF datasets

- `RQ1/RQ1_datasetSample.csv`: sample set of models used for the manual analysis of datasets

- `RQ1/RQ1_analyzeDatasetTags.py`: Python script to analyze model tags for the presence of datasets. it requires to unzip the `modelsInfo.zip` in a directory with the same name (`modelsInfo`) at the root of the replication package folder. Produces the output to stdout. To redirect in a file fo be analyzed by the `RQ2/countDataset.py` script

- `RQ1/RQ1_countDataset.py`: given the output of `RQ2/analyzeDatasetTags.py` (passed as argument) produces, for each model, a list of Booleans indicating whether (i) the model only declares HF datasets, (ii) the model only declares external datasets, (iii) the model declares both, and (iv) the model is part of the sample for the manual analysis

- `RQ1/RQ1_datasetTags.csv`: output of `RQ2/analyzeDatasetTags.py`

- `RQ1/RQ1_dataset_usage_count.csv`: output of `RQ2/countDataset.py`

## RQ2

- `RQ2/tableBias.pdf`: table detailing the number of occurrences of different types of bias by model Task

- `RQ2/RQ2_bias_classification_sheet.csv`: results of the manual labeling

- `RQ2/RQ2_isBiased.csv`: file to compute the inter-rater agreement of whether or not a model documents Bias

- `RQ2/RQ2_biasAgrLabels.csv`: file to compute the inter-rater agreement related to bias categories

- `RQ2/RQ2_final_bias_categories_with_levels.csv`: for each model in the sample, this file lists (i) the bias leaf category, (ii) the first-level category, and (iii) the intermediate category

## RQ3

- `RQ3/RQ3_LicenseValidation.csv`: manual validation of a sample of licenses

- `RQ3/RQ3_{NETWORK-RESTRICTIVE|RESTRICTIVE|WEAK-RESTRICTIVE|PERMISSIVE}-license-list.txt`: lists of licenses with different permissiveness

- `RQ3/RQ3_prjs_license.csv`: for each project linked to models, among other fields it indicates the license tag and name

- `RQ3/RQ3_models_license.csv`: for each model, indicates among other pieces of info, whether the model has a license, and if yes what kind of license

- `RQ3/RQ3_model-prj-license_contingency_table.csv`: usage contingency table between projects' licenses (columns) and models' licenses (rows)

- `RQ3/RQ3_models_prjs_licenses_with_type.csv`: pairs project-model, with their respective licenses and permissiveness level

## scripts

Contains the scripts used to mine Hugging Face and GitHub. Details are in the enclosed README

Replication code and data for: Tracking green space along streets of world citiesBy Giacomo Falchetta and Ahmed T. HammadPreprint: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3916891/v1

To replicate the analysis, the results, and the figures of the paper:

Download input data from this Zenodo repository and code from Github https://github.com/giacfalk/urban_green_space_mapping_and_tracking

Optional data extraction steps (processed output data are already available in the Zenodo repository):

Adjust your working directory

Run [lines 4-11] of workflow/sourcer.R

Run the Javascript scripts written by the string_generator_training.R and string_generator_prediction.R files in Google Earth Engine (https://code.earthengine.google.com) and complete the export to Drive tasks to generate the output .csv files

Run workflow/sourcer.R [lines 15-46] to train the ML model and make predictions (including figures and tables replication)

A routine was developed in R ('bathy_plots.R') to plot bathymetry data over time during individual CEAMARC events. This is so we can analyse benthic data in relation to habitat, ie. did we trawl over a slope or was the sea floor relatively flat. Note that the depth range in the plots is autoscaled to the data, so a small range in depths appears as a scatetring of points. As long as you look at the depth scale though interpretation will be ok. The R files need a file of bathymetry data in '200708V3_one_minute.csv' which is a file containing a data export from the underway PostgreSQL ship database and 'events.csv' which is a stripped down version of the events export from the ship board events database export. If you wish to run the code again you may need to change the pathnames in the R script to relevant locations. If you have opened the csv files in excel at any stage and the R script gets an error you may need to format the date/time columns as yyyy-mm-dd hh;mm:ss, save and close the file as csv without opening it again and then run the R script. However, all output files are here for every CEAMARC event. Filenames contain a reference to CEAMARC event id. Files are in eps format and can be viewed using Ghostview which is available as a free download on the internet.

Data supporting the Master thesis "Monitoring von Open Data Praktiken - Herausforderungen beim Auffinden von Datenpublikationen am Beispiel der Publikationen von Forschenden der TU Dresden" (Monitoring open data practices - challenges in finding data publications using the example of publications by researchers at TU Dresden) - Katharina Zinke, Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 2023

This ZIP-File contains the data the thesis is based on, interim exports of the results and the R script with all pre-processing, data merging and analyses carried out. The documentation of the additional, explorative analysis is also available. The actual PDFs and text files of the scientific papers used are not included as they are published open access.

The folder structure is shown below with the file names and a brief description of the contents of each file. For details concerning the analyses approach, please refer to the master's thesis (publication following soon).

## Data sources

Folder 01_SourceData/

- PLOS-Dataset_v2_Mar23.csv (PLOS-OSI dataset)

- ScopusSearch_ExportResults.csv (export of Scopus search results from Scopus)

- ScopusSearch_ExportResults.ris (export of Scopus search results from Scopus)

- Zotero_Export_ScopusSearch.csv (export of the file names and DOIs of the Scopus search results from Zotero)

## Automatic classification

Folder 02_AutomaticClassification/

- (NOT INCLUDED) PDFs folder (Folder for PDFs of all publications identified by the Scopus search, named AuthorLastName_Year_PublicationTitle_Title)

- (NOT INCLUDED) PDFs_to_text folder (Folder for all texts extracted from the PDFs by ODDPub, named AuthorLastName_Year_PublicationTitle_Title)

- PLOS_ScopusSearch_matched.csv (merge of the Scopus search results with the PLOS_OSI dataset for the files contained in both)

- oddpub_results_wDOIs.csv (results file of the ODDPub classification)

- PLOS_ODDPub.csv (merge of the results file of the ODDPub classification with the PLOS-OSI dataset for the publications contained in both)

## Manual coding

Folder 03_ManualCheck/

- CodeSheet_ManualCheck.txt (Code sheet with descriptions of the variables for manual coding)

- ManualCheck_2023-06-08.csv (Manual coding results file)

- PLOS_ODDPub_Manual.csv (Merge of the results file of the ODDPub and PLOS-OSI classification with the results file of the manual coding)

## Explorative analysis for the discoverability of open data

Folder04_FurtherAnalyses

Proof_of_of_Concept_Open_Data_Monitoring.pdf (Description of the explorative analysis of the discoverability of open data publications using the example of a researcher) - in German

## R-Script

Analyses_MA_OpenDataMonitoring.R (R-Script for preparing, merging and analyzing the data and for performing the ODDPub algorithm)

We investigate apparent-time tone variation in the Black Lahu language (Loloish/Ngwi, Tibeto-Burman) of Yunnan, China. These are the supplementary materials for the paper "Generational differences in the low tones of Black Lahu," accepted for publication in Linguistics Vanguard.

Appendices:

• Appendix A: Wordlist (organized by order of appearance in the story)
• Appendix B: Wordless picture book
• Appendix C: Cross-tabulation tables
• Appendix D: F0 trajectory plots by speaker
• Appendix E: LME model results for T45

Script files contained in the analysis:

• F0_estimation.praat is the Praat script used for F0 estimation on the wav + Textgrid pairs
• Combine_Speaker_Files.R is used to combine the Praat script output for individual speakers into a single csv file.
• Data_processing.R is the main processing script, works on an Excel csv file that contains the output of the Combine_Speaker_Files.R script
• Plotting_Fig1_Lahu_tones.R plots the F0 trajectories of all the tones of Lahu, averaged across all the speakers, works on an Excel csv file that contains the output of the F0 estimation.praat script.
• Plotting_Fig2_age_groups.R plots the F0 trajectories of T2 and T7, in 15-age groups, works on an Excel csv file that contains the output of the Data_processing.R script.
• Plotting_Fig3and6_carryover. R plots the F0 trajectories of T2, T7 and T4 when they occur after silence or Tones 1-7 in three age groups; works on an Excel csv file that contains the output of the Data_processing.R script.
• Plotting_Fig4578_scatterplot.R plots the scatterplots of F0 onset versus Age, works on an Excel csv file that contains the output of the Data_processing.R script.

Data files contained in this analysis:

• praat_raw_data.csv is the output of the F0_estimation.praat script. Contains the raw data from all speakers.
• Speaker_info.csv is the demographic data for each speaker
• data_forplotting.csv is the output of the Data_processing.R script. Contains the filtered tokens, normalized for length and converted to speaker-specific semitones. Used to plot Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 6
• data_forRbrul.csv is the output of the Data_processing.R script, the F0 onset and F0 offset for Tones 2, 4, and 7. Used to do linear mixed effects modeling in the Rbrul interface (Johnson 2009).

# Replication code and data for: Global urban green space is shrinking
By Giacomo Falchetta and Ahmed T. Hammad

To replicate the analysis:

• Download input data from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8001677
• *Optional steps* (processed output data are already available in this Zenodo repository):
  • Run [lines 1-5] of workflow/sourcer.R
  • Run the .js scripts in Google Earth Engine (training_data_sentinel_gee.js, training_data_era5_gee.js, training_data_lc_gee.js, training_data_pop_gee.js, prediction_data_gee.js) and complete the export to Drive tasks to generate the output .csv files
• Run workflow/sourcer.R [lines 9-31] to train the ML model and make predictions (including figures and tables replication)

To make on-demand urban green space GVI estimation for user-inputed coordinate points:

• Configure the rgee package on your local computer
• Update your Google Earth Engine-enabled email in [line 7] of the script workflow/on_demand_gvi_estimator.R
• Define your custom set of coordinate points in [line 35] of the script workflow/sourcer.R
• Run workflow/sourcer.R [line 36] to make on-demand urban green space GVI estimation and visualize results

Manuscript under peer review.

This reference contains the R-code for the analysis and summary of detections of Bachman's sparrow, bobwhite quail and brown-headed nuthatch through 2020. Specifically generates probability of detection and occupancy of the species based on call counts and elicited calls with playback. The code loads raw point count (CSV files) and fire history data (CSV) and cleans/transforms into a tidy format for occupancy analysis. It then creates the necessary data structure for occupancy analysis, performs the analysis for the three focal species, and provides functionality for generating tables and figures summarizing the key findings of the occupancy analysis. The raw data, point count locations and other spatial data (ShapeFiles) are contained in the dataset.

The Electoral Commission of Queensland is responsible for the Electronic Disclosure System (EDS), which provides real-time reporting of political donations. It aims to streamline the disclosure process while increasing transparency surrounding gifts.\r \r All entities conducting or supporting political activity in Queensland are required to submit a disclosure return to the Electoral Commission of Queensland. These include reporting of gifts and loans, as well as periodic reporting of other dealings such as advertising and expenditure. EDS makes these returns readily available to the public, providing faster and easier access to political financial disclosure information.\r \r The EDS is an outcome of the Electoral Commission of Queensland's ongoing commitment to the people of Queensland, to drive improvements to election services and meet changing community needs.\r \r To export the data from the EDS as a CSV file, consult this page: https://helpcentre.disclosures.ecq.qld.gov.au/hc/en-us/articles/115003351428-Can-I-export-the-data-I-can-see-in-the-map-\r \r For a detailed glossary of terms used by the EDS, please consult this page: https://helpcentre.disclosures.ecq.qld.gov.au/hc/en-us/articles/115002784587-Glossary-of-Terms-in-EDS\r \r For other information about how to use the EDS, please consult the FAQ page here: https://helpcentre.disclosures.ecq.qld.gov.au/hc/en-us/categories/115000599068-FAQs

State Harvest Data (csv)Commercial snapping turtle harvest data (in individuals) for eleven states from 1998 - 2013. States reporting are Arkansas, Delaware, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.StateHarvestData.csvInput and execution code for Colteaux_Johnson_2016Attached R file includes the code described in the listed publication. The companion JAGS (just another Gibbs sampler) code is also stored in this repository under separate cover.ColteauxJohnsonNatureConservation.RJAGS model code for Colteaux_Johnson_2016Attached R file includes the JAGS (just another Gibbs sampler) code described in the listed publication. The companion input and execution code is also stored in this repository under separate cover.ColteauxJohnsonNatureConservationJAGS.R

This data set contains QA/QC-ed (Quality Assurance and Quality Control) water level data for the PLM1 and PLM6 wells. PLM1 and PLM6 are location identifiers used by the Watershed Function SFA project for two groundwater monitoring wells along an elevation gradient located along the lower montane life zone of a hillslope near the Pumphouse location at the East River Watershed, Colorado, USA. These wells are used to monitor subsurface water and carbon inventories and fluxes, and to determine the seasonally dependent flow of groundwater under the PLM hillslope. The downslope flow of groundwater in combination with data on groundwater chemistry (see related references) can be used to estimate rates of solute export from the hillslope to the floodplain and river. QA/QC analysis of measured groundwater levels in monitoring wells PLM-1 and PLM-6 included identification and flagging of duplicated values of timestamps, gap filling of missing timestamps and water levels, removal of abnormal/bad and outliers of measured water levels. The QA/QC analysis also tested the application of different QA/QC methods and the development of regular (5-minute, 1-hour, and 1-day) time series datasets, which can serve as a benchmark for testing other QA/QC techniques, and will be applicable for ecohydrological modeling. The package includes a Readme file, one R code file used to perform QA/QC, a series of 8 data csv files (six QA/QC-ed regular time series datasets of varying intervals (5-min, 1-hr, 1-day) and two files with QA/QC flagging of original data), and three files for the reporting format adoption of this dataset (InstallationMethods, file level metadata (flmd), and data dictionary (dd) files).QA/QC-ed data herein were derived from the original/raw data publication available at Williams et al., 2020 (DOI: 10.15485/1818367). For more information about running R code file (10.15485_1866836_QAQC_PLM1_PLM6.R) to reproduce QA/QC output files, see README (QAQC_PLM_readme.docx). This dataset replaces the previously published raw data time series, and is the final groundwater data product for the PLM wells in the East River. Complete metadata information on the PLM1 and PLM6 wells are available in a related dataset on ESS-DIVE: Varadharajan C, et al (2022). https://doi.org/10.15485/1660962. These data products are part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area collection effort to further scientific understanding of biogeochemical dynamics from genome to watershed scales. 2022/09/09 Update: Converted data files using ESS-DIVE’s Hydrological Monitoring Reporting Format. With the adoption of this reporting format, the addition of three new files (v1_20220909_flmd.csv, V1_20220909_dd.csv, and InstallationMethods.csv) were added. The file-level metadata file (v1_20220909_flmd.csv) contains information specific to the files contained within the dataset. The data dictionary file (v1_20220909_dd.csv) contains definitions of column headers and other terms across the dataset. The installation methods file (InstallationMethods.csv) contains a description of methods associated with installation and deployment at PLM1 and PLM6 wells. Additionally, eight data files were re-formatted to follow the reporting format guidance (er_plm1_waterlevel_2016-2020.csv, er_plm1_waterlevel_1-hour_2016-2020.csv, er_plm1_waterlevel_daily_2016-2020.csv, QA_PLM1_Flagging.csv, er_plm6_waterlevel_2016-2020.csv, er_plm6_waterlevel_1-hour_2016-2020.csv, er_plm6_waterlevel_daily_2016-2020.csv, QA_PLM6_Flagging.csv). The major changes to the data files include the addition of header_rows above the data containing metadata about the particular well, units, and sensor description. 2023/01/18 Update: Dataset updated to include additional QA/QC-ed water level data up until 2022-10-12 for ER-PLM1 and 2022-10-13 for ER-PLM6. Reporting format specific files (v2_20230118_flmd.csv, v2_20230118_dd.csv, v2_20230118_InstallationMethods.csv) were updated to reflect the additional data. R code file (QAQC_PLM1_PLM6.R) was added to replace the previously uploaded HTML files to enable execution of the associated code. R code file (QAQC_PLM1_PLM6.R) and ReadMe file (QAQC_PLM_readme.docx) were revised to clarify where original data was retrieved from and to remove local file paths.

The Global Landslide Catalog (GLC) was developed with the goal of identifying rainfall-triggered landslide events around the world, regardless of size, impacts or location. The GLC considers all types of mass movements triggered by rainfall, which have been reported in the media, disaster databases, scientific reports, or other sources. The GLC has been compiled since 2007 at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. This is a unique data set with the ID tag “GLC” in the landslide editor. This dataset on data.nasa.gov was a one-time export from the Global Landslide Catalog maintained separately. It is current as of March 7, 2016. The original catalog is available here: http://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmaps.nccs.nasa.gov%2Fserver%2Frest%2Fservices%2Fglobal_landslide_catalog%2Fglc_viewer_service%2FFeatureServer&source=sd To export GLC data, you must agree to the “Terms and Conditions”. We request that anyone using the GLC cite the two sources of this database: Kirschbaum, D. B., Adler, R., Hong, Y., Hill, S., & Lerner-Lam, A. (2010). A global landslide catalog for hazard applications: method, results, and limitations. Natural Hazards, 52(3), 561–575. doi:10.1007/s11069-009-9401-4. [1] Kirschbaum, D.B., T. Stanley, Y. Zhou (In press, 2015). Spatial and Temporal Analysis of a Global Landslide Catalog. Geomorphology. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.03.016. [2]

################################################################################################## THE FILES HAVE BEEN CREATED BY SZILÁRD ERHART FOR A RESEARCH: ERHART (2021): ESG RATINGS OF GENERAL # STOCK EXCHANGE INDICES, INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS# USERS OF THE FILES AGREE TO QUOTE THE ABOVE PAPER# THE PYTHON SCRIPT (PYTHONESG_ERHART.TXT) HELPS USERS TO GET TICKERS BY STOCK EXCHANGES AND EXTRACT ESG SCORES FOR THE UNDERLYING STOCKS FROM YAHOO FINANCE.# THE R SCRIPT (ESG_UA.TXT) HELPS TO REPLICATE THE MONTE CARLO EXPERIMENT DETAILED IN THE STUDY.# THE EXPORT_ALL CSV CONTAINS THE DOWNLOADED ESG DATA (SCORES, CONTROVERSIES, ETC) ORGANIZED BY STOCKS AND EXCHANGES.############################################################################################################################################################################################################### DISCLAIMER # The author takes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, completeness or quality of the information provided. # The author is in no event liable for damages of any kind incurred or suffered as a result of the use or non-use of the # information presented or the use of defective or incomplete information. # The contents are subject to confirmation and not binding. # The author expressly reserves the right to alter, amend, whole and in part, # without prior notice or to discontinue publication for a period of time or even completely. ###########################################################################################################################################READ ME############################################################# BEFORE USING THE MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS SCRIPT: # (1) COPY THE goascores.csv and goalscores_alt.csv FILES ONTO YOUR ON COMPUTER DRIVE. THE TWO FILES ARE IDENTICAL.# (2) SET THE EXACT FILE LOCATION INFORMATION IN THE 'Read in data' SECTION OF THE MONTE CARLO SCRIPT AND FOR THE OUTPUT FILES AT THE END OF THE SCRIPT# (3) LOAD MISC TOOLS AND MATRIXSTATS IN YOUR R APPLICATION# (4) RUN THE CODE.####################################READ ME

A machine learning streamflow (MLFLOW) model was developed in R (model is in the Rscripts folder) for modeling monthly streamflow from 2012 to 2017 in three watersheds on the Wyoming Range in the upper Green River basin. Geospatial information for 125 site features (vector data are in the Sites.shp file) and discrete streamflow observation data and environmental predictor data were used in fitting the MLFLOW model and predicting with the fitted model. Tabular calibration and validation data are in the Model_Fitting_Site_Data.csv file, totaling 971 discrete observations and predictions of monthly streamflow. Geospatial information for 17,518 stream grid cells (raster data are in the Streams.tif file) and environmental predictor data were used for continuous streamflow predictions with the MLFLOW model. Tabular prediction data for all the study area (17,518 stream grid cells) and study period (72 months; 2012–17) are in the Model_Prediction_Stream_Data.csv file, totaling 1,261,296 p ...

This replication package contains all datasets, scripts, and documentation used in our empirical study.The package is organized into five main folders, corresponding to the major stages of the study: dataset construction and the analyses for RQ1–RQ4.1. Dataset_constructionThis folder contains scripts for constructing the dataset.find_ai_prs_with_100_stars.pyFilters PRs from repositories with at least 100 GitHub stars.Output: ai_pull_requests_over_100stars.csvapplying_security_keywords.pyExpands the filtered dataset by applying a comprehensive list of security-related keywords.Output: ai_prs_security_candidates_expanded.csvapplying_gemini_to_get_final_dataset.pyUses Gemini-based model validation to confirm whether each candidate PR is truly security-related.Output: final_dataset.csvannotator_security_prs_sample_245.xlsxContains a manually annotated subset (n=245) of PRs used for validation of model predictions.dataset_agreement_analysis.pyComputes inter-annotator agreement metrics (Cohen’s κ) for the manual sample.2. RQ1_analysisThis folder contains scripts used to answer RQ1.Input: final_dataset.csvrun_semgrep.pyRuns Semgrep across all PR code changes.Output: all_prs_with_semgrep.csvRQ1_analysis.pyAggregates and analyzes vulnerability types to address RQ1.3. RQ2_analysisThis folder analyzes RQ2.Subfolder: feature_extraction/Input: final_dataset.csvfind_factors.pyExtracts PR- and repository-level features.Output: ai_factors.csvSubfolder: regression_analysis/Input: ai_factors.csvPR_latency.R, PR_acceptance.R, and common.RPerform regression analyses.4. RQ3_analysisThis folder contains scripts for RQ3.find_commits.pyExtracts all commits associated with PRs listed in final_dataset.csv.Output: ai_security_prs_with_commits.csvC-Good.pyReplicates the pretrained commit message quality model (C-Good) proposed by Tian et al.preprocessor_step1.py, preprocessor_step2.py, preprocessor_step3.pySequentially preprocess the original messages.csv dataset (from Tian et al.) for model training.Output: trained model bert_commit_model.pthpreprocessing_my_dataset.pyApplies the same preprocessing pipeline to ai_security_prs_with_commits.csv.Output: ai_security_prs_with_commits_preprocessed.csvtesting_my_dataset.pyLoads bert_commit_model.pth, evaluates commits, and produces commit-level quality labels.Output: ai_security_prs_with_commits_predictions.csvcommit_message_sample_339.csvContains a random sample of 339 commit messages manually reviewed to verify the accuracy of the model predictions.manual_verification.pyAnalyzes commit_message_sample_339.csv by comparing manual ratings with model-predicted labels.rq3_analysis.pyPerforms analysis of commit message quality.5. RQ4_analysisThis folder contains scripts and resources for RQ4.find_rejected_prs_comments.pyIdentifies PRs closed without merging from final_dataset.csv.Collects maintainer review comments.Output: rejected_pr_comments.csvRubrics.docxDefines categories and guidelines for manual annotation.Manual AnnotationTwo annotators manually review rejected_pr_comments.csv following the rubric.Output: manual_labeling.xlsxrq4_analysis.pyAnalyzes the annotated dataset (manual_labeling.xlsx) .

S1 File. SI_C01_SPD_KDE_models. R-script for analysing radiocarbon dates dates. The code performs the computation of over-regional and regional SPD and KDE models, as well as their export to CSV files (Rmd). S2 File. SI_C02_aoristic_dating. R-script for exporting aoristic time series derived from typochronological dated archaeological material as CSV files (Rmd). S3 File. SI_C03_vegetation_openness_score_example. R-script performing the computation of a vegetation openness score from pollen records and the export of the generated time series as CVS file (Rmd). S4 File. SI_C04_data_preparation. Jupyter Notebook performing the import and transformation of relevant data visualize plots exhibited in the paper (ipynb). S5 File. SI_C05_figures_extra. Jupyter Notebook visualizing the plots exhibited in the paper (ipynb). S1 Data. SI_D01_reg_data_no_dups. Spread sheet holding radiocarbon dates, with the information of laboratory identification, site name, geographical coordinates, site type, material, source and regional affiliation (csv). S2 Data. SI_D02_reg_axe_dagger_graves. Spread sheet holding entries of axes and daggers, with the information of context, site, parish, artefact identification, type, subtype, absolute dating, typochonological dating, references, geographical coordinates and regional affiliations (csv). S3 Data. SI_D03_pollen_example. Spread sheet holding sample entries of the pollen records from Krageholm (neotoma Site ID 3204) and Bjäresjöholmsjön (neotoma Site ID 3017) for example run of S3 File. Record can be access via the neotoma explorer (https://apps.neotomadb.org/explorer/) with their given IDs. Each entry holds the information of the records type, regional affiliation, absolute BP and BCE dating, as well as the counts of given plant taxa (csv). S4 Data. SI_D04_PAP_303600_TOC_LOI. Table holding sample entries of TOC content, LOI and SST reconstruction of sediment core PAP_303600 for correlations of population development with Baltic sea surface temperature. Available via 10.1594/PANGAEA.883292 (tab). S5 Data. SI_D05_vos_[…]. Spread sheets holding the vegetation openness score time series of lake Belau, Vinge, Northern Jutland and Zealand (csv). (ZIP)