Dataset

This dataset was created by Amber Song

Released under CC0: Public Domain

Contents

The National Transit Map - Routes dataset was compiled on June 02, 2025 from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) and is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)/Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD). The National Transit Map (NTM) is a nationwide catalog of fixed-guideway and fixed-route transit service in America. It is compiled using General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) Schedule data. The NTM Routes dataset shows transit routes, which is a group of trips that are displayed to riders as a single service. To display the route alignment and trips for each route, this dataset combines the following GTFS files: routes.txt, trips.txt, and shapes.txt. The GTFS Schedule documentation is available at, https://gtfs.org/schedule/. To improve the spatial accuracy of the NTM Routes, the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) adjusts transit routes using context from the submitted GTFS source data and/or from other publicly available information about the transit service. A data dictionary, or other source of attribute information, is accessible at https://doi.org/10.21949/1529048

Three streamflow measurements are used to demonstrate the use of equations developed in Mueller (in review). All three measurements are from various locations on the Mississippi River. These data were not collected for the purpose of this paper but provide practical examples of the effect of heading errors. The use of data from the Mississippi River allows the collection of 500 or more ensembles in each transect which reduce the overall effect of random errors that could complicate the identification of effects due to heading errors. In addition, by using wide cross sections, the effect of GPS errors due to vegetation near the boundaries of the river are minimized. All measurements were collected with WinRiver II (Teledyne RD Instruments, 2016) and processed with QRev (Mueller, 2016). These three data sets represent three different situations: 1) availability of heading data from a GPS compass (Mississippi River near Hickman, KY), 2) transects intentionally collected at different speeds (Mississippi River near Vicksburg, MS), and 3) GPS data collected where there is minimal influence from a moving bed (Mississippi River near Clinton, IA). All data were collected using Teledyne RD Instruments Rio Grande ADCPs. All data were collected with Teledyne RD Instrument WinRiver II (Teledyne RD Instruments, 2016) and processed with QRev version 3.43 (Mueller, 2016). Due to the complexity of an ADCP data file and the various algorithms applied to compute the streamflow from ADCP data, these data are most useful in either 1) their original raw data format which can be opened and processed in either WinRiver II or QRev or 2) their processed format that can be opened and processed by QRev or opened by Matlab or any software that can read Matlab formatted files. Both WinRiver II and QRev are distributed free. WinRiver II can be obtained from: http://www.teledynemarine.com/rdi/support# QRev can be obtained from: https://hydroacoustics.usgs.gov/movingboat/QRev.shtml Each measurement consists of: 1) .mmt file is an xml configuration file used by WinRiver II for setup, specific measurement data entry, and filenames of the raw transect data files (pd0) 2) .pd0 files are the raw binary data collected by WinRiver II. The format for these files is defined in Teledyne RD Instruments (2016). 3) .txt files contain raw ASCII data from external sensors such as GPS receivers. These data are not used by WinRiver II or QRev but provide the raw external data strings sent by the GPS receiver. 4) .mat files are the saved data processed by QRev. These files can be opened and processed by QRev or loaded into Matlab or software that can read Matlab formatted files. The variable definitions are documented in Mueller (2016). 5) *.xml are summaries of the data processed by QRev. The variable definitions are documented in Mueller (2016).

In October 2014, the World Bank launched the new Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS) GDDS database. This database is consistent with the classifications and definitions of the 2013 External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users (2013 EDS Guide) and Sixth Edition of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6). The QEDS GDDS database provides external debt data, starting from 2002Q4, for an extension of countries that participate in the IMF's General Data Dissemination System (GDDS).

External Blu-ray Drive Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global external Blu-ray drive market size in 2024 stands at USD 1.12 billion, with a robust CAGR of 6.8% projected from 2025 to 2033. This growth trajectory indicates that by 2033, the market is forecasted to reach approximately USD 2.18 billion. The market’s expansion is primarily driven by the increasing demand for high-capacity optical storage solutions in both personal and commercial applications, alongside the continued popularity of high-definition content and the need for reliable backup solutions.

One of the most significant growth factors for the external Blu-ray drive market is the surging demand for high-definition media consumption and storage. As 4K and even 8K video content becomes increasingly mainstream, consumers and businesses alike require robust storage solutions capable of handling large file sizes with ease. External Blu-ray drives, with their ability to store up to 100GB per disc, offer an efficient and cost-effective means of archiving high-resolution video, photography, and critical data. Additionally, the proliferation of gaming, video editing, and virtual reality content has further fueled the need for high-capacity, reliable storage, positioning external Blu-ray drives as an essential peripheral in the digital ecosystem.

Another critical driver is the ongoing shift towards data security and offline backup solutions. With the rise in cyber threats and concerns regarding cloud storage privacy, both individuals and enterprises are increasingly turning to physical media for secure data archiving. External Blu-ray drives provide a tangible, offline alternative to cloud backups, reducing the risk of data breaches and ensuring long-term data integrity. This trend is particularly pronounced in sectors such as healthcare, legal, and finance, where regulatory compliance mandates secure and retrievable data storage. The ability to easily transport and store sensitive information further cements the role of external Blu-ray drives as a preferred choice for secure backup solutions.

Technological advancements in connectivity and compatibility have also played a pivotal role in market growth. Modern external Blu-ray drives now feature interfaces such as USB 3.0 and USB-C, enabling faster data transfer rates and seamless integration with a wide range of devices, including ultrabooks, tablets, and all-in-one desktops. This evolution has expanded the addressable market, making Blu-ray drives accessible to users across various platforms and operating systems. Moreover, the increasing affordability of Blu-ray media and drives, coupled with enhanced durability and lifespan compared to traditional DVDs, has contributed to sustained market demand across both developed and emerging economies.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific has emerged as a dominant force in the external Blu-ray drive market, accounting for the largest share in 2024. This leadership is attributed to the region’s thriving consumer electronics industry, rapid digitalization, and growing middle-class population with increasing disposable incomes. North America and Europe also represent significant markets, driven by high adoption rates of advanced media technologies and a strong emphasis on data security. Meanwhile, the Middle East & Africa and Latin America are witnessing steady growth, supported by expanding IT infrastructure and rising awareness of digital storage solutions. Collectively, these regional dynamics underscore the global appeal and resilience of the external Blu-ray drive market.

Product Type Analysis

The external Blu-ray drive market is segmented by product type into portable external Blu-ray drives and desktop external Blu-ray drives, each catering to distinct user needs and preferences. Portable external Blu-ray drives have gained remarkable traction among consumers who prioritize mobility and convenience. These compact, lightweight devices are ideal for users who need to access or back up data on t

Congo, The Democratic Republic of the CD: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Concessional data was reported at 3.083 USD bn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.131 USD bn for 2015. Congo, The Democratic Republic of the CD: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Concessional data is updated yearly, averaging 3.014 USD bn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.440 USD bn in 2009 and a record low of 107.042 USD mn in 1971. Congo, The Democratic Republic of the CD: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Concessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Democratic Republic of Congo – Table CD.World Bank: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Concessional external debt conveys information about the borrower's receipt of aid from official lenders at concessional terms as defined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 25 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 10 percent. Loans from major regional development banks--African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank--and from the World Bank are classified as concessional according to each institution's classification and not according to the DAC definition, as was the practice in earlier reports. Long-term debt outstanding and disbursed is the total outstanding long-term debt at year end. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

External Blu-ray Drive Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global External Blu-ray Drive market size reached USD 1.12 billion in 2024, reflecting steady demand across consumer and commercial segments. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.6% during the forecast period, reaching a forecasted value of USD 1.78 billion by 2033. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing need for high-capacity data storage and the ongoing trend of digitization across industries, as well as the sustained popularity of physical media for archival and playback purposes.

The growth trajectory of the External Blu-ray Drive market is shaped by several key factors, most notably the expanding demand for reliable and cost-effective data backup solutions. As businesses and individuals generate ever-larger volumes of data, the need for robust storage that combines portability, longevity, and high capacity has become critical. External Blu-ray drives offer a unique value proposition, providing up to 100GB of storage on a single disc, far surpassing the capacity of traditional DVDs and CDs. In addition, the durability and longevity of Blu-ray media, which can retain data integrity for decades under proper conditions, make it an attractive option for archival storage. Enterprises in sectors such as healthcare, legal, and education are increasingly adopting Blu-ray drives to ensure compliance and secure long-term data retention, further propelling market expansion.

Another significant growth driver is the resurgence of interest in physical media among consumers, particularly for high-definition video playback and media archiving. While streaming services have disrupted the home entertainment landscape, enthusiasts and collectors continue to value Blu-ray discs for their superior audio-visual quality and the ability to own tangible copies of their favorite content. The rise of 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray formats has further fueled consumer interest, as external Blu-ray drives remain the most accessible means of accessing this high-fidelity content on personal computers and laptops. Moreover, the ongoing transition to ultra-thin laptops, many of which lack built-in optical drives, has created a robust aftermarket for external Blu-ray drives, catering to both legacy and emerging playback needs.

Technological advancements in connectivity and compatibility are also playing a pivotal role in driving market growth. The introduction of faster interfaces such as USB 3.0 and USB-C has significantly improved data transfer speeds, reducing bottlenecks and enhancing user experience. These innovations have made external Blu-ray drives more versatile and compatible with a broader range of devices, including modern laptops, desktops, and even select tablets. Furthermore, the proliferation of plug-and-play solutions and cross-platform support has lowered the entry barrier for consumers and businesses alike, facilitating wider adoption across diverse application scenarios. As manufacturers continue to invest in R&D to enhance drive performance and reduce form factors, the market is poised for sustained growth throughout the forecast period.

From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific dominates the External Blu-ray Drive market, accounting for a significant share of global revenue in 2024. This leadership is attributed to the region's large consumer electronics manufacturing base, rapid digital transformation across enterprises, and a burgeoning middle-class population with a growing appetite for high-definition home entertainment. North America and Europe also represent substantial markets, driven by strong demand for data backup solutions and a persistent collector culture. In contrast, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are witnessing gradual adoption, supported by increasing digitization initiatives and rising disposable incomes. The interplay of these regional dynamics is expected to shape the competitive landscape and growth opportunities for market participants in the coming years.

Product Type Analysis

The External Blu-ray Drive market is segmented by product type into Portable and Desktop drives, each catering to distinct user preferences and application requirements. Portable external Blu-ray drives have gained significant traction due to their lightweight designs, compact form factors, and easy plug-and-play functionality. These drives are particularly popular among consumers and profess

On October 15, 2013, Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer announced the signing of an open data policy executive order in conjunction with his compelling talk at the 2013 Code for America Summit. In nonchalant cadence, the mayor announced his support for complete information disclosure by declaring, "It's data, man."Sunlight Foundation - New Louisville Open Data Policy Insists Open By Default is the Future Open Data Annual ReportsSection 5.A. Within one year of the effective Data of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.The Open Data Management team (also known as the Data Governance Team is currently led by the city's Data Officer Andrew McKinney in the Office of Civic Innovation and Technology. Previously (2014-16) it was led by the Director of IT.Full Executive OrderEXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 1, SERIES 2013AN EXECUTIVE ORDERCREATING AN OPEN DATA PLAN. WHEREAS, Metro Government is the catalyst for creating a world-class city that provides its citizens with safe and vibrant neighborhoods, great jobs, a strong system of education and innovation, and a high quality of life; andWHEREAS, it should be easy to do business with Metro Government. Online government interactions mean more convenient services for citizens and businesses and online government interactions improve the cost effectiveness and accuracy of government operations; andWHEREAS, an open government also makes certain that every aspect of the built environment also has reliable digital descriptions available to citizens and entrepreneurs for deep engagement mediated by smart devices; andWHEREAS, every citizen has the right to prompt, efficient service from Metro Government; andWHEREAS, the adoption of open standards improves transparency, access to public information and improved coordination and efficiencies among Departments and partner organizations across the public, nonprofit and private sectors; andWHEREAS, by publishing structured standardized data in machine readable formats the Louisville Metro Government seeks to encourage the local software community to develop software applications and tools to collect, organize, and share public record data in new and innovative ways; andWHEREAS, in commitment to the spirit of Open Government, Louisville Metro Government will consider public information to be open by default and will proactively publish data and data containing information, consistent with the Kentucky Open Meetings and Open Records Act; andNOW, THEREFORE, BE IT PROMULGATED BY EXECUTIVE ORDER OF THE HONORABLE GREG FISCHER, MAYOR OF LOUISVILLE/JEFFERSON COUNTY METRO GOVERNMENT AS FOLLOWS:Section 1. Definitions. As used in this Executive Order, the terms below shall have the following definitions:(A) “Open Data” means any public record as defined by the Kentucky Open Records Act, which could be made available online using Open Format data, as well as best practice Open Data structures and formats when possible. Open Data is not information that is treated exempt under KRS 61.878 by Metro Government.(B) “Open Data Report” is the annual report of the Open Data Management Team, which shall (i) summarize and comment on the state of Open Data availability in Metro Government Departments from the previous year; (ii) provide a plan for the next year to improve online public access to Open Data and maintain data quality. The Open Data Management Team shall present an initial Open Data Report to the Mayor within 180 days of this Executive Order.(C) “Open Format” is any widely accepted, nonproprietary, platform-independent, machine-readable method for formatting data, which permits automated processing of such data and is accessible to external search capabilities.(D) “Open Data Portal” means the Internet site established and maintained by or on behalf of Metro Government, located at portal.louisvilleky.gov/service/data or its successor website.(E) “Open Data Management Team” means a group consisting of representatives from each Department within Metro Government and chaired by the Chief Information Officer (CIO) that is responsible for coordinating implementation of an Open Data Policy and creating the Open Data Report.(F) “Department” means any Metro Government department, office, administrative unit, commission, board, advisory committee, or other division of Metro Government within the official jurisdiction of the executive branch.Section 2. Open Data Portal.(A) The Open Data Portal shall serve as the authoritative source for Open Data provided by Metro Government(B) Any Open Data made accessible on Metro Government’s Open Data Portal shall use an Open Format.Section 3. Open Data Management Team.(A) The Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Louisville Metro Government will work with the head of each Department to identify a Data Coordinator in each Department. Data Coordinators will serve as members of an Open Data Management Team facilitated by the CIO and Metro Technology Services. The Open Data Management Team will work to establish a robust, nationally recognized, platform that addresses digital infrastructure and Open Data.(B) The Open Data Management Team will develop an Open Data management policy that will adopt prevailing Open Format standards for Open Data, and develop agreements with regional partners to publish and maintain Open Data that is open and freely available while respecting exemptions allowed by the Kentucky Open Records Act or other federal or state law.Section 4. Department Open Data Catalogue.(A) Each Department shall be responsible for creating an Open Data catalogue, which will include comprehensive inventories of information possessed and/or managed by the Department.(B) Each Department’s Open Data catalogue will classify information holdings as currently “public” or “not yet public”; Departments will work with Metro Technology Services to develop strategies and timelines for publishing open data containing information in a way that is complete, reliable, and has a high level of detail.Section 5. Open Data Report and Policy Review.(A) Within one year of the effective date of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.(B) In acknowledgment that technology changes rapidly, in the future, the Open Data Policy should be reviewed and considered for revisions or additions that will continue to position Metro Government as a leader on issues of openness, efficiency, and technical best practices.Section 6. This Executive Order shall take effect as of October 11, 2013.Signed this 11th day of October, 2013, by Greg Fischer, Mayor of Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government.GREG FISCHER, MAYOR

On October 15, 2013, Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer announced the signing of an open data policy executive order in conjunction with his compelling talk at the 2013 Code for America Summit. In nonchalant cadence, the mayor announced his support for complete information disclosure by declaring, "It's data, man."Sunlight Foundation - New Louisville Open Data Policy Insists Open By Default is the Future Open Data Annual ReportsSection 5.A. Within one year of the effective Data of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.The Open Data Management team (also known as the Data Governance Team is currently led by the city's Data Officer Andrew McKinney in the Office of Civic Innovation and Technology. Previously (2014-16) it was led by the Director of IT.Full Executive OrderEXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 1, SERIES 2013AN EXECUTIVE ORDERCREATING AN OPEN DATA PLAN. WHEREAS, Metro Government is the catalyst for creating a world-class city that provides its citizens with safe and vibrant neighborhoods, great jobs, a strong system of education and innovation, and a high quality of life; andWHEREAS, it should be easy to do business with Metro Government. Online government interactions mean more convenient services for citizens and businesses and online government interactions improve the cost effectiveness and accuracy of government operations; andWHEREAS, an open government also makes certain that every aspect of the built environment also has reliable digital descriptions available to citizens and entrepreneurs for deep engagement mediated by smart devices; andWHEREAS, every citizen has the right to prompt, efficient service from Metro Government; andWHEREAS, the adoption of open standards improves transparency, access to public information and improved coordination and efficiencies among Departments and partner organizations across the public, nonprofit and private sectors; andWHEREAS, by publishing structured standardized data in machine readable formats the Louisville Metro Government seeks to encourage the local software community to develop software applications and tools to collect, organize, and share public record data in new and innovative ways; andWHEREAS, in commitment to the spirit of Open Government, Louisville Metro Government will consider public information to be open by default and will proactively publish data and data containing information, consistent with the Kentucky Open Meetings and Open Records Act; andNOW, THEREFORE, BE IT PROMULGATED BY EXECUTIVE ORDER OF THE HONORABLE GREG FISCHER, MAYOR OF LOUISVILLE/JEFFERSON COUNTY METRO GOVERNMENT AS FOLLOWS:Section 1. Definitions. As used in this Executive Order, the terms below shall have the following definitions:(A) “Open Data” means any public record as defined by the Kentucky Open Records Act, which could be made available online using Open Format data, as well as best practice Open Data structures and formats when possible. Open Data is not information that is treated exempt under KRS 61.878 by Metro Government.(B) “Open Data Report” is the annual report of the Open Data Management Team, which shall (i) summarize and comment on the state of Open Data availability in Metro Government Departments from the previous year; (ii) provide a plan for the next year to improve online public access to Open Data and maintain data quality. The Open Data Management Team shall present an initial Open Data Report to the Mayor within 180 days of this Executive Order.(C) “Open Format” is any widely accepted, nonproprietary, platform-independent, machine-readable method for formatting data, which permits automated processing of such data and is accessible to external search capabilities.(D) “Open Data Portal” means the Internet site established and maintained by or on behalf of Metro Government, located at portal.louisvilleky.gov/service/data or its successor website.(E) “Open Data Management Team” means a group consisting of representatives from each Department within Metro Government and chaired by the Chief Information Officer (CIO) that is responsible for coordinating implementation of an Open Data Policy and creating the Open Data Report.(F) “Department” means any Metro Government department, office, administrative unit, commission, board, advisory committee, or other division of Metro Government within the official jurisdiction of the executive branch.Section 2. Open Data Portal.(A) The Open Data Portal shall serve as the authoritative source for Open Data provided by Metro Government(B) Any Open Data made accessible on Metro Government’s Open Data Portal shall use an Open Format.Section 3. Open Data Management Team.(A) The Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Louisville Metro Government will work with the head of each Department to identify a Data Coordinator in each Department. Data Coordinators will serve as members of an Open Data Management Team facilitated by the CIO and Metro Technology Services. The Open Data Management Team will work to establish a robust, nationally recognized, platform that addresses digital infrastructure and Open Data.(B) The Open Data Management Team will develop an Open Data management policy that will adopt prevailing Open Format standards for Open Data, and develop agreements with regional partners to publish and maintain Open Data that is open and freely available while respecting exemptions allowed by the Kentucky Open Records Act or other federal or state law.Section 4. Department Open Data Catalogue.(A) Each Department shall be responsible for creating an Open Data catalogue, which will include comprehensive inventories of information possessed and/or managed by the Department.(B) Each Department’s Open Data catalogue will classify information holdings as currently “public” or “not yet public”; Departments will work with Metro Technology Services to develop strategies and timelines for publishing open data containing information in a way that is complete, reliable, and has a high level of detail.Section 5. Open Data Report and Policy Review.(A) Within one year of the effective date of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.(B) In acknowledgment that technology changes rapidly, in the future, the Open Data Policy should be reviewed and considered for revisions or additions that will continue to position Metro Government as a leader on issues of openness, efficiency, and technical best practices.Section 6. This Executive Order shall take effect as of October 11, 2013.Signed this 11th day of October, 2013, by Greg Fischer, Mayor of Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government.GREG FISCHER, MAYOR

Customs integrate within the “armament” perimeter “military materials” which consist only of goods defined according to the criterion of their physical nature. The value of imports and exports is recorded at the time of border crossing.

Eximpedia Export import trade data lets you search trade data and active Exporters, Importers, Buyers, Suppliers, manufacturers exporters from over 209 countries

The EPA/ORD/CEMM-contributed dataset consisted of hourly CMAQ output for all model species from a 2017 simulation over the northern hemisphere along a boundary curtain of a 36 km modeling _domain specified over the CONUS. The horizontal and vertical extent of the 36 km modeling _domain was specified by the external collaborator and was defined by 524 boundary grid cells and 34 vertical layers. The number of output species from the 2017 hemispheric CMAQ simulation was 191 through to September 23, 2017 and 213 starting September 24, 2017. The EPA/OAR/OAQPS-contributed dataset consistent of hourly gridded CMAQ output for surface ozone concentrations from four model simulations for the year 2016. Two of these simulations were performed over the northern hemisphere at a horizontal resolution of 108 km and the other two simulations were performed over the CONUS at a horizontal resolution of 12 km. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: The size of the data provided to the external researchers (>1TB) exceeds ScienceHub limits. It can be accessed through the following means: Data can be requested by contacting hogrefe.christian@epa.gov (EPA/ORD/CEMM-contributed dataset) and henderson.barron@epa.gov (EPA/OAR/OAQPS-contributed dataset) and providing an external hard to which the data can then be copied by staff at the National Computing Center. The model simulations are stored on the /asm archival system accessible through the atmos high-performance computing (HPC) system. Due to data management policies, files on /asm are subject to expiry depending on the template of the project. Files not requested for extension after the expiry date are deleted permanently from the system. Location of EPA/ORD/CEMM-provided CMAQ model output data on asm: • /asm/grc/NRT_WRF_CMAQ/model_outputs/nhemi108/cctm.conc • /asm/MOD3EVAL/css/NRT/data/gatech/bc • /asm/MOD3EVAL/css/NRT/data/gatech/scripts • /asm/MOD3EVAL/css/NRT/data/gatech/metbdy3d Location of EPA/OAR/OAQPS-provided CMAQ model output data on asm: • /asm/ROMO/global/CMAQv5.2/2016fe_hemi_cb6_16jh/108km/output • /asm/ROMO/global/CMAQv5.2.1/2016fe_hemi_cb6_16jh/108km/ZUSA/output • /asm/ROMO/2016platform/CMAQv521/2016fe_cb6r3_ae6nvpoa_16j/12US2/output • /asm/ROMO/2016platform/CMAQv521/2016fe_zusa_cb6r3_ae6nvpoa_16j/12US2/output. Format: The CMAQ model output datasets used for the analysis presented in this manuscript and documented here were provided by scientists in EPA/ORD/CEMM and EPA/OAR/OAQPS. The EPA/ORD/CEMM-contributed dataset consisted of hourly CMAQ output for all model species from a 2017 simulation over the northern hemisphere along a boundary curtain of a 36 km modeling _domain specified over the CONUS. The horizontal and vertical extent of the 36 km modeling _domain was specified by the external collaborator and was defined by 524 boundary grid cells and 34 vertical layers. The number of output species from the 2017 hemispheric CMAQ simulation was 191 through to September 23, 2017 and 213 starting September 24, 2017. The EPA/OAR/OAQPS-contributed dataset consistent of hourly gridded CMAQ output for surface ozone concentrations from four model simulations for the year 2016. Two of these simulations were performed over the northern hemisphere at a horizontal resolution of 108 km and the other two simulations were performed over the CONUS at a horizontal resolution of 12 km. The data files with the CMAQ model output provided to the external researchers use the ioapi/netcdf format. Documentation of this format, including definitions of the geographical projection attributes contained in the file headers, are available at https://www.cmascenter.org/ioapi/documentation/all_versions/html. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Skipper, T.N., Y. Hu, M.T. Odman, B. Henderson, C. Hogrefe, R. Mathur, and A. Russell. EST Publication: Estimating US background ozone levels using data fusion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, 55(8): 4504-4512, (2021).

CIF imports and customs fables exports include within the “armament” perimeter “military materials” which consist only of goods defined according to the criterion of their physical nature. The value of imports and exports is recorded at the time of border crossing.

On October 15, 2013, Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer announced the signing of an open data policy executive order in conjunction with his compelling talk at the 2013 Code for America Summit. In nonchalant cadence, the mayor announced his support for complete information disclosure by declaring, "It's data, man."Sunlight Foundation - New Louisville Open Data Policy Insists Open By Default is the Future Open Data Annual ReportsSection 5.A. Within one year of the effective Data of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.The Open Data Management team (also known as the Data Governance Team is currently led by the city's Data Officer Andrew McKinney in the Office of Civic Innovation and Technology. Previously (2014-16) it was led by the Director of IT.Full Executive OrderEXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 1, SERIES 2013AN EXECUTIVE ORDERCREATING AN OPEN DATA PLAN. WHEREAS, Metro Government is the catalyst for creating a world-class city that provides its citizens with safe and vibrant neighborhoods, great jobs, a strong system of education and innovation, and a high quality of life; andWHEREAS, it should be easy to do business with Metro Government. Online government interactions mean more convenient services for citizens and businesses and online government interactions improve the cost effectiveness and accuracy of government operations; andWHEREAS, an open government also makes certain that every aspect of the built environment also has reliable digital descriptions available to citizens and entrepreneurs for deep engagement mediated by smart devices; andWHEREAS, every citizen has the right to prompt, efficient service from Metro Government; andWHEREAS, the adoption of open standards improves transparency, access to public information and improved coordination and efficiencies among Departments and partner organizations across the public, nonprofit and private sectors; andWHEREAS, by publishing structured standardized data in machine readable formats the Louisville Metro Government seeks to encourage the local software community to develop software applications and tools to collect, organize, and share public record data in new and innovative ways; andWHEREAS, in commitment to the spirit of Open Government, Louisville Metro Government will consider public information to be open by default and will proactively publish data and data containing information, consistent with the Kentucky Open Meetings and Open Records Act; andNOW, THEREFORE, BE IT PROMULGATED BY EXECUTIVE ORDER OF THE HONORABLE GREG FISCHER, MAYOR OF LOUISVILLE/JEFFERSON COUNTY METRO GOVERNMENT AS FOLLOWS:Section 1. Definitions. As used in this Executive Order, the terms below shall have the following definitions:(A) “Open Data” means any public record as defined by the Kentucky Open Records Act, which could be made available online using Open Format data, as well as best practice Open Data structures and formats when possible. Open Data is not information that is treated exempt under KRS 61.878 by Metro Government.(B) “Open Data Report” is the annual report of the Open Data Management Team, which shall (i) summarize and comment on the state of Open Data availability in Metro Government Departments from the previous year; (ii) provide a plan for the next year to improve online public access to Open Data and maintain data quality. The Open Data Management Team shall present an initial Open Data Report to the Mayor within 180 days of this Executive Order.(C) “Open Format” is any widely accepted, nonproprietary, platform-independent, machine-readable method for formatting data, which permits automated processing of such data and is accessible to external search capabilities.(D) “Open Data Portal” means the Internet site established and maintained by or on behalf of Metro Government, located at portal.louisvilleky.gov/service/data or its successor website.(E) “Open Data Management Team” means a group consisting of representatives from each Department within Metro Government and chaired by the Chief Information Officer (CIO) that is responsible for coordinating implementation of an Open Data Policy and creating the Open Data Report.(F) “Department” means any Metro Government department, office, administrative unit, commission, board, advisory committee, or other division of Metro Government within the official jurisdiction of the executive branch.Section 2. Open Data Portal.(A) The Open Data Portal shall serve as the authoritative source for Open Data provided by Metro Government(B) Any Open Data made accessible on Metro Government’s Open Data Portal shall use an Open Format.Section 3. Open Data Management Team.(A) The Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Louisville Metro Government will work with the head of each Department to identify a Data Coordinator in each Department. Data Coordinators will serve as members of an Open Data Management Team facilitated by the CIO and Metro Technology Services. The Open Data Management Team will work to establish a robust, nationally recognized, platform that addresses digital infrastructure and Open Data.(B) The Open Data Management Team will develop an Open Data management policy that will adopt prevailing Open Format standards for Open Data, and develop agreements with regional partners to publish and maintain Open Data that is open and freely available while respecting exemptions allowed by the Kentucky Open Records Act or other federal or state law.Section 4. Department Open Data Catalogue.(A) Each Department shall be responsible for creating an Open Data catalogue, which will include comprehensive inventories of information possessed and/or managed by the Department.(B) Each Department’s Open Data catalogue will classify information holdings as currently “public” or “not yet public”; Departments will work with Metro Technology Services to develop strategies and timelines for publishing open data containing information in a way that is complete, reliable, and has a high level of detail.Section 5. Open Data Report and Policy Review.(A) Within one year of the effective date of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.(B) In acknowledgment that technology changes rapidly, in the future, the Open Data Policy should be reviewed and considered for revisions or additions that will continue to position Metro Government as a leader on issues of openness, efficiency, and technical best practices.Section 6. This Executive Order shall take effect as of October 11, 2013.Signed this 11th day of October, 2013, by Greg Fischer, Mayor of Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government.GREG FISCHER, MAYOR

Somalia SO: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Concessional data was reported at 1.296 USD bn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.524 USD bn for 2015. Somalia SO: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Concessional data is updated yearly, averaging 1.503 USD bn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.625 USD bn in 2011 and a record low of 70.112 USD mn in 1970. Somalia SO: External Debt: DOD: Stocks: Concessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Somalia – Table SO.World Bank: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Concessional external debt conveys information about the borrower's receipt of aid from official lenders at concessional terms as defined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 25 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 10 percent. Loans from major regional development banks--African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank--and from the World Bank are classified as concessional according to each institution's classification and not according to the DAC definition, as was the practice in earlier reports. Long-term debt outstanding and disbursed is the total outstanding long-term debt at year end. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

On October 15, 2013, Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer announced the signing of an open data policy executive order in conjunction with his compelling talk at the 2013 Code for America Summit. In nonchalant cadence, the mayor announced his support for complete information disclosure by declaring, "It's data, man."Sunlight Foundation - New Louisville Open Data Policy Insists Open By Default is the Future Open Data Annual ReportsSection 5.A. Within one year of the effective Data of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.The Open Data Management team (also known as the Data Governance Team is currently led by the city's Data Officer Andrew McKinney in the Office of Civic Innovation and Technology. Previously (2014-16) it was led by the Director of IT.Full Executive OrderEXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 1, SERIES 2013AN EXECUTIVE ORDERCREATING AN OPEN DATA PLAN. WHEREAS, Metro Government is the catalyst for creating a world-class city that provides its citizens with safe and vibrant neighborhoods, great jobs, a strong system of education and innovation, and a high quality of life; andWHEREAS, it should be easy to do business with Metro Government. Online government interactions mean more convenient services for citizens and businesses and online government interactions improve the cost effectiveness and accuracy of government operations; andWHEREAS, an open government also makes certain that every aspect of the built environment also has reliable digital descriptions available to citizens and entrepreneurs for deep engagement mediated by smart devices; andWHEREAS, every citizen has the right to prompt, efficient service from Metro Government; andWHEREAS, the adoption of open standards improves transparency, access to public information and improved coordination and efficiencies among Departments and partner organizations across the public, nonprofit and private sectors; andWHEREAS, by publishing structured standardized data in machine readable formats the Louisville Metro Government seeks to encourage the local software community to develop software applications and tools to collect, organize, and share public record data in new and innovative ways; andWHEREAS, in commitment to the spirit of Open Government, Louisville Metro Government will consider public information to be open by default and will proactively publish data and data containing information, consistent with the Kentucky Open Meetings and Open Records Act; andNOW, THEREFORE, BE IT PROMULGATED BY EXECUTIVE ORDER OF THE HONORABLE GREG FISCHER, MAYOR OF LOUISVILLE/JEFFERSON COUNTY METRO GOVERNMENT AS FOLLOWS:Section 1. Definitions. As used in this Executive Order, the terms below shall have the following definitions:(A) “Open Data” means any public record as defined by the Kentucky Open Records Act, which could be made available online using Open Format data, as well as best practice Open Data structures and formats when possible. Open Data is not information that is treated exempt under KRS 61.878 by Metro Government.(B) “Open Data Report” is the annual report of the Open Data Management Team, which shall (i) summarize and comment on the state of Open Data availability in Metro Government Departments from the previous year; (ii) provide a plan for the next year to improve online public access to Open Data and maintain data quality. The Open Data Management Team shall present an initial Open Data Report to the Mayor within 180 days of this Executive Order.(C) “Open Format” is any widely accepted, nonproprietary, platform-independent, machine-readable method for formatting data, which permits automated processing of such data and is accessible to external search capabilities.(D) “Open Data Portal” means the Internet site established and maintained by or on behalf of Metro Government, located at portal.louisvilleky.gov/service/data or its successor website.(E) “Open Data Management Team” means a group consisting of representatives from each Department within Metro Government and chaired by the Chief Information Officer (CIO) that is responsible for coordinating implementation of an Open Data Policy and creating the Open Data Report.(F) “Department” means any Metro Government department, office, administrative unit, commission, board, advisory committee, or other division of Metro Government within the official jurisdiction of the executive branch.Section 2. Open Data Portal.(A) The Open Data Portal shall serve as the authoritative source for Open Data provided by Metro Government(B) Any Open Data made accessible on Metro Government’s Open Data Portal shall use an Open Format.Section 3. Open Data Management Team.(A) The Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Louisville Metro Government will work with the head of each Department to identify a Data Coordinator in each Department. Data Coordinators will serve as members of an Open Data Management Team facilitated by the CIO and Metro Technology Services. The Open Data Management Team will work to establish a robust, nationally recognized, platform that addresses digital infrastructure and Open Data.(B) The Open Data Management Team will develop an Open Data management policy that will adopt prevailing Open Format standards for Open Data, and develop agreements with regional partners to publish and maintain Open Data that is open and freely available while respecting exemptions allowed by the Kentucky Open Records Act or other federal or state law.Section 4. Department Open Data Catalogue.(A) Each Department shall be responsible for creating an Open Data catalogue, which will include comprehensive inventories of information possessed and/or managed by the Department.(B) Each Department’s Open Data catalogue will classify information holdings as currently “public” or “not yet public”; Departments will work with Metro Technology Services to develop strategies and timelines for publishing open data containing information in a way that is complete, reliable, and has a high level of detail.Section 5. Open Data Report and Policy Review.(A) Within one year of the effective date of this Executive Order, and thereafter no later than September 1 of each year, the Open Data Management Team shall submit to the Mayor an annual Open Data Report.(B) In acknowledgment that technology changes rapidly, in the future, the Open Data Policy should be reviewed and considered for revisions or additions that will continue to position Metro Government as a leader on issues of openness, efficiency, and technical best practices.Section 6. This Executive Order shall take effect as of October 11, 2013.Signed this 11th day of October, 2013, by Greg Fischer, Mayor of Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government.GREG FISCHER, MAYOR